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EVOLUTIONARYPROCESSES AND PATTERNS

• Extinction of Species

Vestigial Traits

EVOLUTIONARYPROCESSES AND PATTERNS

• Vestigial Traits

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Convergent Evolution

EVOLUTIONARYPROCESSES AND PATTERNS

• Law of Succession

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Common Ancestry

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EVOLUTIONARYPROCESSES AND PATTERNS

• Homology • Analogy

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• Homologies

Not Homology

EVOLUTIONARYPROCESSES AND PATTERNS

• Homologies– Developmental

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Homology

Homology

EVOLUTIONARYPROCESSES AND PATTERNS

• Homologies– Genetic

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Charcot-Marie-Tooth • Named for three physicians who firstidentified it in 1886– Jean-Martin Charcot– Pierre Marie– Howard Henry Tooth

• AKA hereditary motor and sensoryneuropathy (HMSN) or peronealmuscular atrophy

• Part of a group of disorders thataffect peripheral nerves– Lie outside the brain and spinal cord

and supply the muscles and sensoryorgans in the limbs.

– Disorders that affect the peripheralnerves are called peripheralneuropathies.

Homology

Charcot-Marie-ToothHomology

Genetic disease sharedby humans, chimps, andbonobos

Homology

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Homology

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Why enlarge both?

• Story 1

– The radial sesamoid in the handoriginally served to strengthen itstendon.

• It then got bigger to help the pandagrip bamboo.

– The tibial sesamoid in the foot wasenlarged incidentaly

• Bone development in the limbs tendto mimic each other

• Story 2

– The radial and tibial sesamoidsoriginally served to strengthen theirtendons.

– They then enlarged to serve as treeclimbing aids in the ancestors of thegiant panda

– The radial sesamoid was then co-opted to help the panda grip bamboo

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Time Periods

Time Periods