evolution review. which of the 4 processes of evolution by natural selection does the definition...
DESCRIPTION
What is the vocab word?! Slight changes in the inherited characteristics of a species through adaptations over time. EvolutionTRANSCRIPT
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EVOLUTION REVIEW
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Which of the 4 processes of Evolution by Natural Selection does the definition describe? Individuals within a species will fight for limited resources.
Competition (Struggle for Existence) Differences in the inherited characteristics of species that get passed down to the next generation.
Genetic Variation More offspring are produced than can survive.
Overproduction of Offspring The organisms with the traits favored by the environment will have a higher probability of surviving and reproducing to pass on their traits to the next generation
Differential Survival and Reproduction
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What is the vocab word?! Slight changes in the inherited characteristics of a species through adaptations over time.
Evolution
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What are the 5 main pieces of evidence supporting Darwin’s theories? 1. Fossils 2. Embryological Similarities 3. DNA 4. Structural (Anatomy) Similarities 5. Biogeography
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What line of evidence for evolution is this a picture of?
DNA
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How do Fossils provide evidence for evolution?
Fossils show gradual change over time. They are representative of species that once existed, pointing to descent from a common ancestor
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How does Artificial Selection connect to evolution?
Humans breeding other animals and plant for desirable traits is altering the allele frequencies and changing the species over time.
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How do Embryo similarities provide evidence for evolution?
The more closely related species are, the more similar they will look (and for a longer period of time) during their embryological stages.
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What is the vocab word?! Inherited changes that allow organisms to be better suited to survive and reproduce in a particular environment.
Adaptations
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What line of evidence for evolution is this a picture of?
Fossils
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How does Biogeography provide evidence for evolution?
Species which live closer together have more in common, despite environmental differences, than those in the same environment but far away. This points to gradual changes over time.
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What is the vocab word?!
All the different variations of genes in an interbreeding population
Gene Pool
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What is the vocab word?!
The best adapted organisms within a particular environment will out-compete other organisms that aren’t as fit.
Survival of the Fittest
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How does DNA provide evidence for evolution?
The more amount of DNA that 2 species have in common, the more closely they are related. This points to common ancestors.
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What line of evidence for evolution is this a picture of?
Embryological Similarities
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How do structural similarities in anatomy provide evidence for evolution?
Similarities in physical features shows descent from a common ancestor
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Who is Charles Darwin?!
The Father of Evolution by Natural Selection
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What is the vocab word?!
The physical traits and behaviors that enable organisms to survive and reproduce in their environment.
Fitness
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What is the vocab word?!
The physical traits and behaviors that enable organisms to survive and reproduce in their environment.
Fitness
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What are the three types of structures that provide evidence for evolution?
1. Homologous Structures 2. Analogous Structures 3. Vestigial Structures
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What type of structure is shown?
Analogous
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Define: Homologous Structures
Structures that look similar internally but serve different functions
Analogous Structures Structures that look different internally but serve
similar functions Vestigial Structures Remnants of structures that used to be functional in their ancestral form but, today, serve little to no
function
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What is the closest common ancestor of gorillas and
salamanders?
Ancestor CA B C
DE
F
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What type of structure is shown?
Homologous
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List the 5 things necessary for a species to stay in genetic equilibrium?
1. A large breeding population 2. No Mutations 3. Random Mating 4. No Migration 5. No Natural Selection
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What type of structure is shown?
Vestigial
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Chance events that change the genetic composition of a population is what?
Genetic Drift
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Bald Eagles on Mt Hood actually aren’t always bald. Some have lots of hair and some have no hair, and some are in-between. During mating season, female eagles prefer the birds with some hair- not too much and not bald. What kind of natural selection pressure is this and how will the population change?Stabilizing- The population of birds will change to show the intermediate hair type.
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What type of natural selection pressure is shown?
Disruptive Selection
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What is the closest common ancestor of Sharks and
Lamprey?
Ancestor AA B C
DE
F
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In part of the rainforest, there is a population of 2,500 monkeys. Due to deforestation and global warming, the monkey population has declined to 150 individuals.If the population was in genetic equilibrium, will it continue to stay in equilibrium? Why or Why not?No- there is no longer a large breeding population.
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The dramatic loss of genetic variation due to environmental effects of human activities?
Bottleneck Effect
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What type of natural selection pressure is shown?
Directional Selection
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The loss of genetic variation when a new colony is formed by a small number of individuals from a larger population
Founder Effect
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What type of natural selection pressure is shown?
Stabilizing Selection
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Is this population in genetic equilibrium? Why or Why not?Two different types of rabbits live in Oregon,
ones with short ears and ones with long ears. Hunters prize the long eared rabbits;
so due to predator pressures, the long eared rabbits have began moving to the
short eared rabbits territory and breeding with them.
No- because the long eared rabbits are migrating.
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What is a derived characteristic shared by
gorillas and salamanders?
Jaws and LungsA B C
DE
F
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Evolution happens…a. In a single generationb. To anyone with a mutationc. Over many generationsd. To individuals
C: Over many generations
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What is a derived characteristic shared by
Tigers and Lizards?
Jaws, Lungs, and Amniotic Membranes
A B CD
EF
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A population of butterflies lives along a sandy beach. Some of the butterflies have white wings and some have brown wings. Over time, the habitat changes to a forested area with lots of trees. What kind of natural selection pressure is this and how will the population change?Directional- Over time, the population will have more and more brown wings.
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What are the characteristic that gorillas have that
salamanders don’t?
Amniotic Membranes, Hair, No tail
A B CD
EF