evolution (ii). common fallacies about evolution progressivism fallacy teleology fallacy...
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Evolution (II)
Common Fallacies about Evolution
• Progressivism Fallacy
• Teleology Fallacy (Purposivism Fallacy)
<-HUMAN
How Fast is Evolution?
• Gradualism Hypothesis
(Charles Darwin)
• Punctuated Equilibrium Hypothesis (Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldrege)
DARWIN’S FINCHES
Natural Selection in Action*
Daphne Major
Normal year Drought year
The story of the ground finch
• Medium Ground Finch (Geospiza fortis)
• Seed Eater
• Every year on Daphne all the birds are caught and measured
• Their food size is measured
Ground finch
Beak Depth is Inherited
Figure 01.08
Drought
Seed size and
hardness
Year
What happened to the food ?
Drought
What happened to the finches?
Beak size
Year
Finch Summary
• Beak depth is a trait that responds to changing environmental conditions
• Beaks appear to be an adaptation for feeding
• Evolution is a process-continually in operation– Sometimes measurable in real time
Evidence of Evolution by Natural Selection
• Fossil record
• Age of the Earth
• The mechanisms of heredity
• Molecular biology
• Comparative anatomy
The crossing over of alleles between matched pairs of chromosomes during meiosis