evolution

Evolution

Just what you need for the test powerpoint

Arguments for Evolution

• 1 Fossil evidence – fossils determine age • 2 Anatomy – homologous and vestigial • 3 Embryology - recapitulation• 4 Biochemistry – DNA and similar proteins• 5 Distribution of animals – animals are different in isolated areas

Ch. 8 The History of Life

biblical worldviewWord of God

source of absolute truth

1. creation (ex nihilo) Gen 1 – 112. the fall Gen 3:17-19

3. redemption Matt 1:21, Luke 24:46-47


Non-biblical worldview:theory of evolution

1. theory of cosmological beginnings - Big Bang



2. theory of biological evolution - less complex organisms give rise to more complex organisms



3. philosophy of evolution - all things are progressing

toward a future perfection


Results of believing

evolution theory 1. man is not responsible to God

2. man does not need a savior

3. man is a highly evolved animal

4. man’s religion = scientism


theistic evolution: interpreting the Bible to support evolution

• The earth was created fully mature, just as Adam was not born an infant.

• If the world was created mature, then this could possibly throw off the age the geologists give to land formations.

Apparent Age

• A geologist that stated that the earth was millions of years old.• Determined this by the

rate of natural processes that take place at a predictable rate.

Charles Lyell 1797 - 1875

• An economist who proposed that resources such as food, water and shelter are natural limits to human population growth.

Thomas Malthus


Lamarkian evolution 1801

Theory of • need• use & disuse• inheritance of acquired characteristics


Lamarkian evolution 1801

Objections• need doesn’t affect DNA• DNA not affected by use or disuse


Always be ready to give an answer

to every man that asks for a reason

for the hope that is within you.

1 Peter 3:15


Darwin’s theory of evolution

1. Descent with modification common ancestor

2. “survival of the fittest” natural selection

He also noticed turtle shell differences

Darwin’s Finches

More Finches

HMS Beagle’s Path

• Common Ancestor??

• Yes!!!

• But not from a ancestor of a different species.

Descent with modification


Natural Selection of Peppered Moths

http://bp0.blogger.com/_DZH2cmCoois/RtbL8q7GSvI/AAAAAAAAC6g/-qkWhv9KFKM/s1600-h/tmp.jpg


Darwin’s theory of evolution

Objections:

• Variations of a Biblical kind

are not newly evolved organisms• Not always overpopulation• Not always the fittest that reproduce


pangenes

genes that travel from the affected organ to repro organs to be given to offspring


Darwinism

changes due to need

Neo-Darwinism

changes occur due to sudden mutations


Mutations

a change in the nucleotide base sequence (DNA) of a gene


Mutations do NOT cause evolution

1 in 10 million divisions

usually harmful

All good mutations have to be in 1 organism?


Genetic Load: # of mutations

1,000s of mutations would kill an organisms


Punctuated equilibrium:evolution occurs rapidly

for a while and then not at all

for awhile

Comparative Embryology


Theory of Recapitulationontogeny recapitulates phylogeny

We go through stages of

evolution during development


Theory of RecapitulationIt’s a lie!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Homologous structures

Arguments for Evolution

• 1 Fossil evidence – fossils determine age • 2 Anatomy – homologous and vestigial • 3 Embryology - recapitulation• 4 Biochemistry – DNA and similar proteins• 5 Distribution of animals – animals are different in isolated areas

Vestigial structures

Divergent Evolution

Convergent Evolution

Fossils


fossil:any direct or indirect evidence

of a once-living organismthat is embedded or preserved

in the earth’s crust


types of fossils

1. Preserved parts - must be quickly placed under pressure in rock-forming sediment


types of fossils

2. Preserved carbon (coal) “fossil fuel” - plant material under high temp & pressure


types of fossils

3. Preserved forms - casts or molds - rarely in tar pits


types of fossils

4. Preserved tracks - made in soft mud which was turned to stone


types of fossils

5. Petrification - when water with minerals penetrates the solid parts of organisms


frozen wooly mammoth found 2007

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/63/Jeune_mammouth_IRSNB.JPG


deluge:to wash from

deluge theory of fossilization: most fossils were formed

as a result of the flood


Age of the Earth

Dating fossils with fossils?

* layers of the earth are assigned dates

* index fossils are assigned dates

* fossils found above index are “younger”

* fossils found below index are “older”

Sedimentary Rock & Fossils

• The oldest layers are at the bottom, the more recent layers are at the top.


Phylogenetic Tree

a line up of organisms based on how they

might be related

similar appearance = common ancestor?

Phylogenetic tree

Common Ancestors ?


Age of the Earth

Evolved over 4.5 billion years?

based date on…* time needed for biological

evolution* physical dating methods

Radiometric Dating


Dating Methods

3. Decay or Buildup * radiometric dating methods (1) uranium-lead method: half-life = 4.5 billion years ½ U decays to lead


Dating Methods

(2) carbon-14 dating half-life = 5730 year ½ of C-14 decays to nitrogen


Dating Methods

assumptions of carbon dating 1. constant amount of C-14 vs C-12 2. equal C-14 formed & destroyed 3. C-14 decay rate constant 4. Constant amount of C-12 available

Creation


Creation WeekDay 1 > light & darkness / day & night

Day 2 > firmament / waters divided

Day 3 > land & seas / plants

Day 4 > sun, moon & stars

Day 5 > animals of air & water

Day 6 > land animals & man

Non literal interpretations

• Theistic Evolution• Gap Theory• Day-Age theory

evolution

Documents

evolution evolution

history of life mutations

history of life results

history of life pangenes

history of life genetic

theory of biological

philosophy of evolution

theory of evolution2