evidence for evolution - mr murray's science and music€¦ · evidence of evolution ... how...
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www.cstephenmurray.com/dnewsom Copyright 2008, Denece R. Newsom
Evidence of Evolution
Name _______________
Due Date ____________
Period _______________
I. Fossil Record—information preserved in rock layer about life from the past, including where they lived,
when they lived and what they eat.
Fossil Formation– Fossils form slowly and only under
perfect conditions. Not all organisms that dies become
fossils.
100,000 Years Ago.
-Fish dies and falls to
bottom of ocean.
75,000 Years Ago.
-Fish covered with
mineral rich layer.
25,000 Years Ago.
-Fish covered with 2
layers. Shrimp dies and
falls bottom of ocean.
Fossil Dating (no, not taking them out for an expensive dinner!)
determining the age of a fossil.
• Relative Dating (not your cousins) - determining the age of a
fossil based on the layer it is found in.
-In the picture to the left, the fish fossil is older than the
shrimp because it is in a lower level.
• Absolute Dating– determining the age of a fossil is determined
by the amount of radioactive isotopes remaining in the fossil.
-Half-life: the amount of time that it takes for half of the ra-
dioactive isotopes to decay (breakdown) and become
Today. Fish covered
with 3 layers. Shrimp
covered with 2 layers.
Geologic Time Scale—used to divide the history of earth based on
mineral content and fossils found in rock layers into small units to
study. Each division and subdivision signified by a major event in
Earth’s history.
• Era–the longest divisions of time.
• Period– divisions within Era.
• Epoch– division of Period.
IV. Geographic Distribution– The location of organisms with similar anatomy and behavior on different continents.
• organism on different continents, but living in the same environment evolve to have similar adaptations for living
in that environment.
-flying squirrels and sugar glider:
-same basic body design
-ability to glide
-flying squirrels are eutherians (carry developing fetus in uterus)
-sugar gliders are marsupials (carry developing fetus in external pouch)
III. Comparative Anatomy– com-
mon anatomical structure because of
common ancestors.
• Homologous Structures: same
anatomical structure different
functions
-the bone of a whale’s flipper,
dog’s front leg, and your arm are
all derived from the same tissue
during fetal development
• Vestigial Organs: structures with little to no importance.
-Although the appendix in a
human has no use, in other
animals it is used to help store
and break food.
• Embryology: many vertebrates
(animals with a backbone) go
through the same developmen-
tal stages.
II. Genetics—different species sharing the similar genetic
codes.
• all organisms do cellular respiration.
• Process is similar in all organisms
• Same protein are used
• Protein are built of amino acids at the ribosomes
• mRNA carries DNA code to the ribosomes
• if the same protein is made, the same mRNA is needed,
THERFORE it started with the same DNA code
www.cstephenmurray.com/dnewsom Copyright 2008, Denece R. Newsom
Geological Time Scale: Match the following
words to the corresponding time frame
century, year, minute
1. Epoch ________________________
2. Era ________________________
3. Period ________________________
1. Comparative anatomy
2. Homologous structures
3. Vestigial organ
4. Radioactive dating
5. Absolute dating
6. Embryology
7. Geographic distribution
8. Relative dating
A. Organisms with similar
B. Bird’s wing and a bat’s wing
C. Fossil’s age determined by amount of
isotopes
D. Organisms with similar developmental
stages
E. Comparing anatomical structures
F. Structure with little to no known use
G. Fossil’s age determined by location of
fossil in rock layer
Vocabulary
Fossil Formation: Use the fossil formation picture to answer the
following questions.
1. Which type of fossil dating would be used in the field when a
fossils is discovered?
______________________________________________
2. Which type of fossil dating would be used in the laboratory
to get the exact date of a fossil?
______________________________________________
3. Which fossil in the picture is older? _________________
4. Which fossil in the picture is younger? _______________
5. Give reasons for your answers in question 3 & 4.
_________________________________________________
___________________________________________
Comparative Anatomy: 1. How is comparative anatomy evidence for evolution?
2. Name two examples of vestigial organs.
A. _________________________________________
B. _________________________________________
3. What make homologous structures the “same?”
4. Why is it significant if two different organisms have
the same DNA sequence?
5. How are stages of development important to evolution?
Geographic Distribution: 1. Speculate why organisms would have similar
characteristics on different continents.
Geological Time Scale: Match the following
words to the corresponding time frame
century, year, minute
1. Epoch ________________________
2. Era ________________________
3. Period ________________________
1. Comparative anatomy
2. Homologous structures
3. Vestigial organ
4. Radioactive dating
5. Absolute dating
6. Embryology
7. Geographic distribution
8. Relative dating
A. Organisms with similar
B. Bird’s wing and a bat’s wing
C. Fossil’s age determined by amount of
isotopes
D. Organisms with similar developmental
stages
E. Comparing anatomical structures
F. Structure with little to no known use
G. Fossil’s age determined by location of
fossil in rock layer
Vocabulary
Fossil Formation: Use the fossil formation picture to answer the
following questions.
1. Which type of fossil dating would be used in the field when a
fossils is discovered?
______________________________________________
2. Which type of fossil dating would be used in the laboratory
to get the exact date of a fossil?
______________________________________________
3. Which fossil in the picture is older? _________________
4. Which fossil in the picture is younger? _______________
5. Give reasons for your answers in question 3 & 4.
_________________________________________________
___________________________________________
Comparative Anatomy: 1. How is comparative anatomy evidence for evolution?
2. Name two examples of vestigial organs.
A. _________________________________________
B. _________________________________________
3. What make homologous structures the “same?”
4. Why is it significant if two different organisms have
the same DNA sequence?
5. How are stages of development important to evolution?
Geographic Distribution: 1. Speculate why organisms would have similar
characteristics on different continents.