evidence-based emergency management - part 1

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Course website: http://www.mcgill.ca/library/library- findinfo/subjects/humanities/disaster- emergency-management Evidence-Based Emergency Management Part 1: Introduction to Searching the Safety Literature Robin Featherstone, MLIS Life Sciences Library robin.featherstone@m cgill.ca Julie Jones, MLIS Humanities & Social Sciences Library [email protected]

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Page 1: Evidence-Based Emergency Management - Part 1

Course website: http://www.mcgill.ca/library/library-findinfo/subjects/humanities/disaster-emergency-management

Evidence-Based Emergency Management Part 1:

Introduction to Searching the Safety Literature

Robin Featherstone, MLISLife Sciences Library

[email protected]

Julie Jones, MLISHumanities & Social Sciences Library

[email protected]

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Should emergency management be evidence-based?

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Agenda• Intro to EBEM• Question formation and Boolean• Intro to Safety Literature• WISER

-- 10 min BREAK –• Library catalogue• EBSCO databases• Google Scholar• Grey literature

-- 10 min BREAK --• Evaluating the evidence• Summary• Homework instructions• Hands-on searching

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Evidence-Based Medicine Process

Appraising the Evidence

Incorporating evidence into decision-making

Evaluating the Process

Formulating the clinical question

Searching the Evidence

Your patient for whom you are uncertain about therapy, diagnosis, or prognosis

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Evidence-Based Emergency Management Process

Evaluating the Evidence

Incorporating evidence into decision-making

Evaluating the Process

Formulating the question

Searching the Evidence

For assistance planning for, responding to, or recovering from an emergency or disaster

Workshop 1

Workshop 1

Workshop 1

Workshop 2

Workshop 2

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EBEM Program Objectives

At the end of the EBEM program, you will be able to: 1.Describe the body of emergency management literature 2.Develop an effective strategy for locating and monitoring evidence-based emergency management literature3.Identify, based upon critical appraisal of research methodologies, best practices in emergency management4.Share with peers relevant evidence to inform the development, evaluation and modification of services and programs offered through University Safety

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Introduction to searching the safety literature – course objectives

At the end of this course, you will be able to: 1.Differentiate between "grey literature" and indexed literature2.Name three sources to search for safety literature3.Correctly use simple Boolean operators: AND, OR4.Apply simple limits (date range, language, publication type)5.Locate books using the McGill Library catalogue6.Utilize the C.R.A.P. test to evaluate information

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Formulating the Question

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Case Scenario

Recently, a student committed suicide following an incident of cyber-bullying. Public opinion, as reported in the local media, suggest that the university should have intervened. An administrator asks you to develop an action plan for preventing cyber-bullying on campus.

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Why do you need to formulate a question?What question(s) could you ask with the

cyber-bullying scenario?

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Relevancy

Retrieval(# of search results)

Broad Questions

Narrow Questions

High = lots of articles

Low = very few articles

High = directly relevant articles

Low = mostly irrelevant articles

How questions influence search results

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What are best practices for preventing cyber-bullying at a university?

What are the key concepts in this question?

What are best practices for preventing cyber-bullying at a university?

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Developing a Search Strategy

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university university

preventprevent

cyber-bullyingcyber-

bullying

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University Cyber-

bullying

university OR cyber-bullying

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university

cyber-bullying

University Campus AND Cyber-bullying

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university university

preventprevent

cyber-bullyingcyber-

bullying

How do you combine these three concepts in a search to answer the question: what are best practices for preventing cyber-bullying on a university campus?

university AND cyber-bullying AND prevent

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university university

preventprevent

cyber-bullying

What if I combined with OR?

university OR cyber-bullying OR prevent

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AND AND

OR universit* cyber-bull* prevent*

OR social media bull* mitigat*

Concept #1 Concept #2 Concept #3

Search strategy: What are best practices for preventing cyber-bullying on a university

campus?

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How to search

• Start with your first conceptuniversit*

• Combine any synonyms with ORuniversit* OR college*

• Repeat for your second, third, and subsequent conceptscyber-bull* OR “computer crime*”

prevent* OR mitigat*

• Finally, combine large search results sets with AND(universit* OR college*) AND (cyber-bull* OR “computer crime”)

AND (prevent* OR mitigat*)

Page 21: Evidence-Based Emergency Management - Part 1

Introduction to the Safety Literature

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Filtered Information•Synthesized guidelines•Systematic reviews

Scholarly Literature•“Peer-reviewed” journal articles•Indexed articles and books

“Grey Literature”•Organizational reports•Training and workshop materials•Conference proceedings•Blog entries

Other Indexed Publications•News articles•Trade magazine articles

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WISER

http://wiser.nlm.nih.gov

•For HazMat (hazardous materials) / CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear) events

•Designed for: First responders (fire fighters), HazMat teams, EMS/Paramedics, Emergency Department personnel

•Web-based or downloadable app

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WISER

Includes:• Substance characteristics/properties• Department of Transportation (DOT)

Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) data: Fire-fighting procedures, safe protective distance, etc.

• Human health/medical treatment data

Features/Capabilities• Chemical identification support – via

chemical properties, signs/symptoms, transportation, etc.

• Safe protective distance mapping – GIS

Page 25: Evidence-Based Emergency Management - Part 1

WISER Exercise1. Search WISER http://wiser.nlm.nih.gov/ to

answer the question:

What type of personal protective equipment (PPE) & protective distance is required for a large spill of xylenes?

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Break – 10 Mins

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Can you find this book in the Library Catalogue?

Coombs, W. T. (2007). Ongoing crisis communication: Planning, managing, and responding. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.

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How are these different?

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“Peer-review”?

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Searching indexed literature

• Sample search in in Academic Search Complete:

What are emerging trends in communication strategies during campus emergencies?

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Academic Search Complete Exercise• Search Academic Search Complete for

information to assist you in answering this question:

What are current best practices for preventing sexual assaults on campus?

Email at least one relevant article to yourself.

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Not finding enough information in your chosen database?

• Try other keywords and synonyms – the research process is iterative.

• Try another database or source.• These searching skills are transferable – you

will use versions of them everywhere that you search.

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Searching Google Scholar

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Searching Google Scholar

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Google Scholar exercise

• Search Google Scholar for information to assist you in answering this question:

What are some of the limitations and concerns with current Mass Notification Systems?

Choose one pertinent article that you want to read. Can you access the full-text? Has it been cited by other articles?

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“Grey Literature”

"Information produced on all levels of government, academics, business, and industry in electronic and print formats, but which is not controlled by commercial publishing, i.e. where publishing is not the primary activity of the producing body."

http://www.greynet.org/greynethome.html

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Grey literature

• Reports, working papers, cases studies, etc. produced by institutions, governmental and non-governmental organizations, and research groups.

• Grey literature is often produced by people “on the ground” or “in the field”.

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Grey literature

• More of the emergency management information will be found in the grey literature than in indexed, academic sources.

• Important to use a combination of source types so you have a full picture of the best available evidence.

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Searching for Grey literature

• Google• IGO Search• Carleton University’s Canadian Government

Publications Search• NLM’s Resource Guide for Disaster Medicine

and Public Health• Professional association, organization,

research centre, government websites

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Grey literature exercise

• Search the Resource Guide for Disaster Medicine and Public Health and another Grey Literature source of your choice for information to assist you in answering this question:

What are best practices for dealing with a flood on a university campus?

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Break – 10 Mins

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How do you decide whether or not to use the evidence you’ve found?

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Is it C.R.A.P.?

Currency

Reliability

Authority

Purpose / Point of view

How recent is the information?How recently has the website been updated?Is it current enough for your topic? What kind of information is included?Is content of the resource primarily opinion?Is it balanced?Does the creator provide references?

Who is the author?What are their credentials?Who is the publisher or sponsor?Are they reputable?What is the publisher’s interest?Are there advertisements?

Is this fact or opinion?Is the author trying to sell you something?Is it biased?

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1. http://www.securitymagazine.com/articles/campus-communications-1

2. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2631455/?tool=pubmed

3. http://campus-safety.blogspot.ca/2010/01/how-much-is-enough-to-spend-on-mass.html

Is it C.R.A.P.?

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Summary

1. Where would you look to find a government report?

2. What are three sources you can search for safety literature?

3. How do you combine synonymous search concepts?4. How do you reduce the number of search results? 5. Where would you look to find a book on pre-crisis

planning?6. What does C.R.A.P. stand for?

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Homework

• Formulate a question related to your work• Search the evidence to find one

article/report/website/etc. that best answers your question

• Evaluate the evidence using the C.R.A.P. test• Prepare a 5 minute presentation for next

Thursday– What did you pick? Who wrote it? What did you learn from it?

What is its C.R.A.P score? How will it influence your work at McGill?

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Questions & Practice