EVENT 29: November 15, 2017

THE DO-DOs AND DON’Ts OF TOILET ROOM DESIGN

THE DO-DOs

AND DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

- CREDIT(S) EARNED ON COMPLETION OF THIS COURSE WILL BE REPORTED TO AIA CES FOR AIA MEMBERS. CERTIFICATES OF COMPLETION FOR BOTH AIA MEMBERS AND NON-AIA MEMBERS ARE AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST.

- THIS COURSE IS REGISTERED WITH AIA CES FOR CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION. AS SUCH, IT DOES NOT INCLUDE CONTENT THAT MAY BE DEEMED OR CONSTRUED TO BE AN APPROVAL OR ENDORSEMENT BY THE AIA OF ANY MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION OR ANY METHOD OR MANNER OFHANDLING, USING, DISTRIBUTING, OR DEALING IN ANY MATERIAL OR PRODUCT.

- QUESTIONS RELATED TO SPECIFIC MATERIALS, METHODS, AND SERVICES WILL BE ADDRESSED AT THE CONCLUSION OF THIS PRESENTATION.

CHRISTINE

PETERSON,

AIA

400 Clifton Avenue,

Minneapolis, MN 55403

612.874.4115

cpeterson@alliiance.us

JIM BUTLER,

AIA, LEED AP

1220 Marshall Street NE

Minneapolis, MN 55413

612.677.7224

jim.butler@rsparch.com

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

• Identify how sightlines, door swing,

acoustical isolation and mirror

placement can improve privacy.

• Understand toilet accessories types

and how they affect wall

recesses/projections, mounting,

operation and cleanliness.

• Evaluate appropriate finish materials

for their installation challenges and

maintenance.

• Analyze requirements for various plumbing

fixture types and how they affect chases,

dimensions and coordination with

structural and plumbing drawings.

© 2017 – JIM BUTLER and

CHRISTINE PETERSON

THIS PRESENTATION IS

PROTECTED BY US AND

INTERNATIONAL

COPYRIGHT LAWS.

REPRODUCTION,

DISTRIBUTION, DISPLAY

AND USE OF THE

PRESENTATION WITHOUT

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PROHIBITED.

THE DO-DOs

AND DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

OUTLINE:

- Layout

- Materials

- Accessories

- Plumbing fixtures

THE DO-DOs AND

DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

THE DO-DOs AND

DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

LAYOUT

LAYOUT• Know your applicable code

• Swing the door out, or have no door at all

• Control the view into toilet room

• Placement of mirrors

• Don’t access a Janitor’s Closet through a toilet

room

• Provide acoustic separation

• Coordinate with structural, mechanical,

plumbing, electrical

• Understand local codes regarding toilets and

gender

• Overall layout of the room, wet areas, traffic

considerations, in/out time

• Innovations in high use toilet rooms: Airport

THE DO-DOs AND

DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

KNOW YOUR APPLICABLE CODE- there are many differences between

ADAAG, ANSI A117.1, CALIFORNIA, MINNESOTA, FLORIDA, etc.

ANSI A117.1 MINNESOTA

KNOW YOUR APPLICABLE CODE

IBC 2012

MINNESOTA

1109.2.2 Water closet compartment.Where water closet compartments are provided in a toilet room or bathing room, at least one wheelchair-accessible compartment shall be provided. Where two or more water closet compartments are provided in a toilet room or bathing room, at least one ambulatory-accessible water closet compartment shall be provided in addition to the wheelchair-accessible compartment.

LAYOUTSwinging the door out allows

hands-free operation but may

require more space.

Layout without a door is more

sanitary, if you have the space.

outside

inside

You must grab handle to pull

outside

inside

You can push the door open

Have no door

outside

inside

Is a door pull or a flush

lever a major concern for

germs?

Direct Views into toilet room

View controlled

Mirror View into toilet room

Janitors Closet within toilet room is not recommended

Acoustical isolation from adjoining spaces is encouraged-full height partitions with insulation

COORDINATION WITH STRUCTURALWhere is the plumbing chase? Stay away from beams

COORDINATION WITH ELECTRICALWhat is below the toilet room? Keep toilets away from electrical

room and elevator machine rooms

COORDINATION WITH ELECTRICALWhat needs power?

COORDINATION WITH ELECTRICALLocate lighting

COORDINATION WITH PLUMBINGDrains…you have options

IBC 2012 - 2902.2 Separate facilities.

Where plumbing fixtures are required, separate facilities shall be provided for each sex.

•Exceptions:

•1. Separate facilities shall not be required for dwelling units and sleeping units.

•2. Separate facilities shall not be required in structures or tenant spaces with a total occupant load,

including both employees and customers, of 15 or less. (20 in MN)

•3. Separate facilities shall not be required in mercantile occupancies in which the maximum

occupant load is 100 or less.

•[P] 2902.2.1 Family or assisted-use toilet facilities serving as separate facilities.

Where a building or tenant space requires a separate toilet facility for each sex and each toilet

facility is required to have only one water closet, two family/assisted-use toilet facilities shall be

permitted to serve as the required separate facilities. Family or assisted-use toilet facilities shall not

be required to be identified for exclusive use by either sex as required by Section 2902.4.

CASE STUDY: MSP RESTROOMS

CASE STUDY: AIRPORT RESTROOM DESIGN

LOUNGE ENTRY AND TRAFFIC FLOW

CASE STUDY: AIRPORT RESTROOM DESIGN

SINK AREA

CASE STUDY: AIRPORT RESTROOM DESIGN

TOILET STALL

CASE STUDY: AIRPORT RESTROOM DESIGN

URINAL

MATERIALS• Tile:

- Lippage

- Coved base

- Slope floor to drain

- Slip resistance

• Ferrous metals will rust in moist

areas

• Ceilings will get wet in moist

areas, especially rooms with

showers

• Use hard, non-absorbent

materials in wet areas

THE DO-DOs AND

DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

MATERIALSTHE DO-DOs AND

DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

Avoid Wall Washing light fixtures on

tile walls.

They accentuate poor tile

installations.

Larger tiles are harder to set.

TILE LIPPAGEThe Tile Council of North America (TCNA) states

“Lippage is a condition where one edge of a tile

is higher than an adjacent tile, giving the

finished surface an uneven appearance. This

condition is inherent in all installation methods

and may also be unavoidable due to tile

tolerances, in accordance with ANSI A137.1.”

1210.2.1 Floors and wall bases. (2015 Minnesota Building Code)

In other than dwelling units, toilet, bathing and shower, room floor finish material shall have a

smooth, hard, nonabsorbent surface, such as portland cement, concrete, ceramic tile, sheet vinyl,

or other approved floor covering material. The intersections of such floors with walls shall have a

smooth, hard, nonabsorbent vertical base that extends upward onto the walls at least 4 inches.

The purpose of this requirement is to provide nonabsorbent

surfaces that can be maintained in a sanitary condition.

The 4-inch extension of the surface up the surrounding walls is

so that the wall will not absorb moisture during cleaning and,

thus, will be left in a clean condition. This provision does not

require that the same material that is on the floor be extended

up the wall. As long as the wall material is smooth, hard and

nonabsorbent, and there is adequate seal between the

materials to restrict moisture from getting behind the surface

material and into the wall construction, the intent of the

requirement should be met.

WHY DID MY CODE

OFFICIAL TELL ME I

NEEDED A COVE BASE?

https://www.dli.mn.gov/ccld/PDF/pr_review21spring12_page9.pdf

Q: Is cove base tile required at the transition between the wall and the

floor of a restroom?

A: IBC section 1210.1 does not specifically require this, however the

commentary in this section of the 2006 IBC Handbook states: “The

intent here is that the flooring form an integral cove so that there will

be no sharp joint at the floor/wall intersection.”

The Handbook is a guide to assist building officials in the interpretation

and enforcement of the IBC. The ultimate decision lies with the

building official. Since it is not clearly spelled out in the 2006 IBC, if the

building official feels that the intent of the code section is for ease of

cleaning, then the designer should be told this in writing during the

jurisdiction’s plan review. It would not be appropriate to cite it during an

inspection after the material has been installed.

COVE BASE?

BUT MY CODE OFFICIAL

READS THE “HANDBOOK!”

What does that mean? The entire floor?

Just in the vicinity of the drain?

Plumbing Code Commentary says:

THE PLUMBING CODE 418.5 SAYS

SLOPE TO DRAIN?

(Not much help.)

2015 Minnesota Plumbing Code:

408.7 - Shower stalls have to slope ¼” per foot to

drain

408.8 - Public Shower Areas says that floors shall

be drained in such a manner that wastewater from

one bather shall not pass over areas occupied by

other bathers and shall not slope less than 2%

toward the drains.

418.5 Floor Slope. - Floors shall be sloped to floor

drains.

What are the requirements for

floors to be “slip resistant?”

2103.6 Ceramic Tile. Ceramic Tile shall be as

defined in, and conform to the requirements

of, ANSI A137.1.

Minimum wet dynamic coefficient of friction

(DCOF) of 0.42

1210.2.2 Walls and partitions.

Walls and partitions within 2 feet (610 mm) of service sinks, urinals and water closets shall have

a smooth, hard, nonabsorbent surface, to a height of not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) above the

floor, and except for structural elements, the materials used in such walls shall be of a type that

is not adversely affected by moisture.

•Exception: This section does not apply to the following buildings and spaces:

•1. Dwelling units and sleeping units.

•2. Toilet rooms that are not accessible to the public and which have not more than one water

closet.

•Accessories such as grab bars, towel bars, paper dispensers and soap dishes, provided on or

within walls, shall be installed and sealed to protect structural elements from moisture.

1210.2.3 Showers.

Shower compartments and walls above bathtubs with installed shower heads shall be finished

with a smooth, nonabsorbent surface to a height not less than 70 inches (1778 mm) above the

drain inlet.

1210.2.4 Waterproof joints.

Built-in tubs with showers shall have waterproof joints between the tub and adjacent wall.

ACCESSORIES• Accessories mounted half-on / half-off tile

• Some accessories not allowed in toilet clearances

• Diaper changing station not allowed in stall

• Accessories violate projection distance from wall

for cane detection

• Reach range for accessories across the vanity

• Toilet partitions and urinal screens may create an

alcove that requires wider clearances

• Provide toe clearances under toilet partitions

• Proper detailing is needed at ceiling hung toilet

partitions

• Protrusions of accessories allowed in toilet stall

• Mirrors should be mounted at code required

heights

• Locate paper towels as close to the sink as

possible to control dripping

THE DO-DOs AND

DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

ACCESSORIES

THE DO-DOs AND

DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

Toilet accessories should

not be mounted half-on and

half-off tile wainscot

604.3.3 Clearance overlap.

The required clearance around the water closet shall be

permitted to overlap the water closet, associated grab

bars, toilet paper and sanitary seat cover dispensers,

sanitary napkin receptacles, coat hooks, a shelf

measuring 6 inches (150 mm) maximum in depth by 12

inches (305 mm) maximum in width, accessible routes,

clear floor space at other fixtures, and the turning

space. No other fixtures or obstructions, including

protruding towel dispensers or waste receptacles, shall

be within the required water closet clearance.

603.5 Diaper changing tables.

Diaper changing tables shall comply with

Sections 309 and 902.

Diaper changing tables shall not be located within

toilet compartments. (2015 Minnesota

Accessibility Code)

A shower curtain rod and

many toilet accessories

may be considered as

protruding objects.

Shower rod

Reaching over a vanity to get at toilet

accessories has height limitations

36” minimum

alcove

305.7 Alcoves.

If a clear floor space is in an alcove or otherwise

confined on all or part of three sides, additional

maneuvering clearances complying with

Sections 305.7.1 and 305.7.2 shall be provided,

as applicable.

604.9.5.1 Toe clearance at compartments.

The front partition and at least one side partition shall provide a toe clearance of 9 inches

(230 mm) minimum above the floor and extending 6 inches (150 mm) beyond the

compartment side face of the partition, exclusive of partition support members.

Exceptions:

1. Toe clearance at the front partition is not required in a compartment greater than

62 inches (1575 mm) in depth with a wall-hung water closet, or greater than 65

inches (1650 mm) in depth with a floor-mounted water closet.

2. Toe clearance at the side partition is not required in a compartment greater than

66 inches (1675 mm) in width.

Ceiling hung toilet partitions can get out of

alignment easily and doors will not close or latch.

Provide detail for miscellaneous metal support for

ceiling hung toilet partitions.

Dispensers can not protrude from wall above the

grab bar.

Often if toilet accessories are provided by owner,

they violate required clearances.

603.3 Mirrors.

Where mirrors are located above

lavatories, a mirror shall be located over

the accessible lavatory and shall be

mounted with the bottom edge of the

reflecting surface 40 inches (1015 mm)

maximum above the floor. Where mirrors

are located above counters that do not

contain lavatories, the mirror shall be

mounted with the bottom edge of the

reflecting surface 40 inches (1015 mm)

maximum above the floor

PLUMBING FIXTURES• Show plumbing fixtures properly in toilet

elevations

• Provide proper chase depths for the toilets you are

using

• Structure a vanity so that people can sit on it

• Provide details for all-tile showers

• Clear dimensions for tile showers must allow for

the tile thickness

• Provide fixed shower head at 7’-0”, even at

accessible showers

• Drinking fountains are required at two heights

THE DO-DOs AND

DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

PLUMBING

FIXTURES THE DO-DOs AND

DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN

When modeling in REVIT, insert toilet fixtures at appropriate heights.

accessible urinal not shown atcorrect height

Accessible toilets not shown at correct height

Know what type of toilet you are drawing in plan, because the plumbing wall behind it may require to be wider.

Wall HungFloor MountedTank or Flush Valve

Structure a vanity so that someone

can sit on it without deflecting.

Use steel as required.

Longer vanities may require

intermediate support.

Provide necessary details to construct a tile shower

stall and base. Floor recess may be required.

ADA Shower with hand shower on sliding vertical bar

rarely is high enough for standing person to use

shower conveniently.

Mount a fixed shower head at 7’-0” AFF.

Building an ADA Shower from metal studs, gypsum

board and tile requires proper detailing and

dimensioning.

Using a fiberglass shower stall requires more rough

dimension between studs.

Fiberglas shower unit requires

38 ¼” x 39” between studs.Showers constructed with metal studs, tile

backer board and tile should be

dimensioned as “clear” between face to

face of tile.

DRINKING FOUNTAINS

2015 Minnesota Accessibility Code:

1109.5.1 Minimum number

No fewer than two drinking fountains

shall be provided. One drinking

fountain shall comply with the

requirements for people who use a

wheelchair and one drinking

fountain shall comply with the

requirements for standing persons.`

QUESTIONS?THE DO-DOs

AND DON’Ts OF

TOILET ROOM

DESIGN