Federal School Aid Urged to Offset Load Near Big Installations

Congress received new demands today to provide financial help for communities whose school prob- lems are aggravated by proximity to big Federal installations.

Citizens of 17 States who at- tended a mass meeting last night In Western High School forwarded a resolution to the Capitol, urging passage of two pending House measures that would relieve their school burdens.

Members of the Senate and House were among those in the audience, as speakers made out a case for emergency aid. The mass meeting was sponsored by the Metropolitan Citizens’ Committee for the Public Schools, with Mrs. Agnes E. Meyer as chairman.

The spokesmen offered statistics to show that the Government deals some communities a double blow in establishing certain mili- tary and civilian projects. First it acquires vast areas of taxable land which, as Federal property, are no longer a source of revenue. Then it saddles the communities with the problem of educating thousands of children in families that move in to build and operate the projects.

Like European Problem.

Dr. H. C. Byrd, president of the University of Maryland, declared the problems thus posed in this country are not unlike problems in Europe. Both, he asserted, re- sult from big movements of pop- ulation. He said: •

“If the Federal Government can afford to spend billions of dollars In Europe supporting population movements, how can it refuse to •pend a few million in this coun-

try to support population move- ments of our own people?”

The educator scored those who object to Federal aid to localities because it will bring Federal con- trol.

“I have spent millions of dollars of Federal money,” he said, “yet, I have never had one person try to control the way I spent a single dollar of that amount.”

Dr. Byrd declared the House bills, introduced by Representative Bailey, Democrat, of West Vir- ginia, represent an investment in •ecurity.

Plights of Towns Cited. His remarks came after the citi-

«ens of several States described the plight of their home towns.

Mrs. Wells Harrington, Mayor of Greenbelt, Md., said a critical school situation resulted in the Washington Metropolitan Area because so many workers were needed to man Federal installa- tions of all kinds.

She said Maryland has recog- nized its responsibility in the crisis by setting up both grants-in-aid and a loan fund available for lo- cal construction programs. The Federal Government must no longer delay recognition of its re-

sponsibility, she asserted. An air depot in Midwest City,

Okla., has caused the school popu- lation to rise from 108 in 1942 to more than 3,300 in 1950, said Manly Moore.

James K. Sims of Planeview. Kans., said his community is owned entirely by the Govern- ment. Ever since it was organized, he said, the town has operated on deficit financing. Although the personal property tax rate has been doubled, Mr. Sims said, there is not enough money to care for the local school situation.

Hold United States Responsible. “The responsibility for those

people (who have moved to Plane- view) rests squarely on the shoul- ders of the United States Govern- ment,” he held.

Others telling their stories were Mrs. Hermes F. Gautier, Pasca- goula, Fla.; J. E. D. Wagner, Charles Town, W. Va., and Harvey Montague, Mad River Township, Ohio.

School Supt. William A. Early •f Arlington emphasized that sim- ilar problems confront all commu-

nities in or near large Federal installations. He and others praised subcommittees of the House Ed- ucation and Labor Committee for making a country-wide inspection trip to study the impact of the Installations on schools.

Terms of the two Bailey bills were explained by Henry F. Alves and B. Alden Lilywhite, consult- ants to the subcommittee consid- ering them. They would provide money for construction as well as

operation of schools. About 800 persons attended the

mass meeting. They came from the District. Virginia, Maryland, Florida, Ohio. California, Michi- gan, Illinois, South Carolina, Iowa, Kansas, Alabama, Pennsylvania, Indiana, Georgia, Washington State, West Virginia and Arizona. One man said he was from Alaska.

Railroad Death Rate Low United States railroads traveled

about 35 >4 billion passenger miles in 1949. Six persons lost their lives as a result of accidents, or

one fatality for each 5,875,000,000 passenger miles traveled.

| SCHOOL PROBLEMS EVERYWHERE — The Federal Govern- ment’s obligation in community school problems is discussed by Geary W. Lewis of Washington (right) and two visitors from Anne Arundel County, Md. In the group at Western High School are Mrs. G. R. Clements, county chairman of the Citizens’ Com- mittee for Public Schools, and Dr. David S. Jenkins, county superintendent of schools. Mr. Lewis is chairman of the Educa- tion Committee of the Federation of Citizens’ Associations.

—Star Staff Photo.

History Ends in 1918 For Italian Students

By the Associated Press

ROME.—World War II? What’s that? Officially, Italy’s postwar high school graduates have never

heard of it. Nor, in the class-

room, have they ever heard of Benito Mussolini.

For the past five years, in

Italy’s grammar schools and high schools, history has stopped in 1918. Allied Military Government first placed a ban on secondary school teaching of Fascist history

and the events leading up to the war.

The occupation authorities wanted to avoid "classroom con- troversies.”

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Conant Urges Caution In Anti-Red Measures By the Associated Pro**

BALTIMORE. April 26. — Dr. James B. Conant, president of Harvard University, suggested last

night that schools keep from go-

ing overboard in trying to keep Communists off their faculties.

“To my mind," he said, "the harm done by a few crypto-Com- munists on a faculty would be far less than the harm done by in-

stituting a policy of relentless in- quiry into the private life of every teacher.”

His audience included more than 2,000 Maryland educators and members of the Harvard Club. State law requires all public em-

ploves — including teachers — to sign loyalty affidavits; it also makes it a crime to belong to any so-called subversive group.

Proper education of Americans, Dr. Conant said, means that

teachers "really ought to know

what sort of a world we are edu-

cating them for.’’ He said he believes "the outcome

of the present ideological struggle that divides the world will be fa- vorable to the free countries, and not to the Soviet Union and its satellites.

"I am basing my opinion on the fact that I believe that the Soviet regime in the long run will prove

to be founded not on strength but | on weakness.

"Schools, colleges and universi-

ties in free society are instruments

for educating free men. These are, therefore, the antitheses of the educational institutions to be found the other side of the Iron Curtain.”

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