evaluation of customer relationship management – system success merkur day – 17.10.2003 dr....
TRANSCRIPT
Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Merkur Day – 17.10.2003
Dr. Christoph Auer (MSc, PhD)
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Content of the Presentation
- Initial Starting Point
- Research Questions
- Research Model and Method
- Results
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Initial Starting Point
- After the e-Business- „Hype“ came the CRM „Hype“ (CRM = Customer Relationship Management)
- But in 86% of the CRM projects the results are not considered as satisfactory (with regard to the initial expectations) (Forrester
Research, 2003)
- IT-Spending 2002: (Forrester Research, 2003)
- USA $ 866 Bill.
- Europe € 648 Bill.
But what value for the businesses is generated?
- When measuring the CRM-success there are 2 main problems:- The System is at the interaction point between businesses and their customers
- The involvement of many intangible measures
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Framework
Research Questions
CRM Success(Outcome)
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?
?
?
1. Which criteria is influencing the outcome (success/failure) of CRM initiatives?
2. How can the values of these criteria be fully and regularly measured?
X
ZY
R W
€#.### or ##%
3. Which management framework must be established to influence the success criteria in a positive way?
Objectives:
1. Identify the construct
2. Measurement approach
3. Describe the management framework
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
The Research Project
Phase 4:Dissertations-schrift
Phase 1:Themenwahl
Phase 3:Modellkonzeptionund Überprüfung
Phase 2:IST-Analyse (SotA)
01/2001 08/2001 12/2001 07/200308/2002 12/2002 03/2003
Zieldefinition
Allg. Literaturrecherche
IST-Analyse der EVU Online Services
Best Practice Analyse des KuIT-basiertenKundenbeziehungsmanagements
Vorerhebung beieBusiness-Managern
Entwicklung des Variablenmodellsund Thesenbildung
Befragungsdesign
Befragungder Kunden
Befr. derMitarbeiter
Thesenüberprüfungund Modelladaption
Zusammenschriftder Grundlagen
Zusammenschriftder Ergebnisse
Wahl des Themas
Erstellung SotA-Artikel
Darstellung State of the Art
Freigabe des Variablenmodells
Abgabe der Dissertationsschrift
Modell überprüft und Managementempfehlungen abgeleitet
Phase 0:Praxiserfahrung
Themenrelevante Projektarbeit (Fallbeispiele)
Fokussierte Literaturrecherche (über 550 Quellen)
Fokussierte Literaturrecherche (Fundierte Modellbildung)
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Research Phases
Phase 1:Selecting a topic
Research Phase Content Research Instruments
Phase 2:Analysis
Phase 3:Developing andverifying a model
Phase 4:Write up the dissertation
Literature researchDefining the objectives
Document analysis(scientific literature)
Focused literature researchState of the art e-ServicesQuest. e-Business manager
Document analysisExpert interviews
Hypothesis model
Customer survey
Questioning of employees
Customer survey
Expert interviews
Data analysis
Verification of hypothesis
Adaptation of the model
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Empirical Research Approaches
DetailsResearch Instrument
Document analysis(scientific literature)
Document analysis
Expert interviews
Customer survey
Analysis of secondarydata
Expert interviews
- Over 660 Sources were consindered
- Attendance at 5 academic conferences in the field
- Analysis and grouping of 398 empirical studies about the success measurement of information systems
- Analysis of 499 web-sites which offer e-Services- Half-standardised questioning of nine e-Business
managers about the current situation of CRM successmanagement in different countries.
- Standardised written and telephonic Interviews (86 items)with customer of an energy provider(w: 200 (RR:20,5%), t: 563 (AR:44,23%) n=290)
- Analysis of relevant data which was stored in the CRM system (n=282)
- Standardised written and telephonic Interviews ofemployees
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Results
2 actors 2 different success perspectives
Perspective ofthe provider
Perspective ofthe user
IS-Success
Service Quality
MIS
Marketing
+ deltaProvider’sinvestment desicion Sum of
plannedbenefitsSum of
plannedcosts
User Perspective
Provider-Perspective
+ delta
Evaluation of theservice quality by
the user
Sum ofperceivedbenefits
Sum ofperceived
costs
Successful Application of Information andCommunication Technology for Managing Customer
Relationships
Intension to Use/User Satisfaction
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Results
CRM Performance Model (CPM, based on DeLone/McLean, 1992):A model for describing/measuring the success of CRM
Level 1System & Service
Level 2Utilization
Level 3Impact (Benefits)
InformationQuality
SystemQuality
ProcessQuality
EmployeeSatisfaction
External Factors
ServiceQuality
(SERVQUAL)tangiblesreliability
responsivenessassuranceempathy
Individual Impact
Trust
Loyalty
Satisfaction
OrganizationalImpact
Provider perspective User perspective
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Hypothesis Model
Einfühlungsvermögen
Entgegenkommen
Materielles
Zuverlässigkeit
Souveränität/Zusicherung
Erfahrung
Vertrauen
System- undInformationsqualität
Geschäftsprozess-qualität
Online ServiceNutzungsbereitschaft
InternetVertrautheit
ServicequalitätWahrnehmung
Souveränität
Einfühlungsvermögen
Entgegenkommen
Zuverlässigkeit
Materielles
1. Themenkomplex: Einfluss der System- und Geschäftsprozessqualität auf die Servicequalität und das Vertrauen der Kunden
3. Themenkomplex: Einflüsse auf die Online Service Nutzungsbereitschaft
2. Themenkomplex: Einflüsse und Auswirkungen der Servicequalität
SQ1 SQ2 SQ4SQ3
PQ1 PQ2 PQ4PQ3
IN5 IN6.1-6.5
IN4.1-4.8
ZV2ZV1
W2 W3 W4
W18 W20
W15 W16 W17 VA4
W5 W7 W9
W10 W11 W12
4. Themenkomplex:Einflüsse und Auswirkungen derKanalpräferenz
KanalPräferenz
K1 K2
H1
H2.1-5
H20
H21.1-5
H23
H14
H19.1-5
H12.1-5
H24.1-5
H4
H6
H3.1-5
VA2
ZufriedenheitLetzter Kontakt
ZLK1 ZLK2
Geschlecht
D2
Bereitschaft zuvertrauen
VB1 VB2 VB3 VB4 VB5
Vertrauens-annahmen
VA1 VA2 VA4 VA5
VA6 VA8 VA10
H5
H8 H9
H10
H11.1-5
H16
H17.1-5
H18.1-5
H22
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
vollkommenzufrieden
zufrieden teils, teils unzufrieden vollkommenunzufrieden
Zufriedenheit nach Anzahl der Kontakte innerhalb der letzten zwei Jahre
einmal
zwei Mal
öfter als zwei Mal
Empirical Results (Example)
Satisfaction rate compared to number of contacts within the last two years
once
twice
more than twice
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Empirical Results (Example)Regression analysis of the overall satisfaction rate
Tangilbes
Reliability
Empathy
Responsiveness
AssuranceSatisfaction with thelast service contact
= 0,037
= 0,389***
= -0,094
= 0,315***
= 0,294***
Significance: *** < 0,01 ** < 0,05* < 0,10
R2 = 0,849
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Structural Equation Model (AMOS)
W2_ZTechnische Ausstattung
W4_ZGestaltung Kundeninformationen
W19_ZKundenstellen
W15.1_ZVertraulichkeit der Kundendaten
W5_ZVereinbarte Termine einhalten
W7_ZSofortlösung
W9_ZFehlerfreie Bearbeitung
W17_ZFachwissen
W10_ZLösungstermin
W12_ZMA stets bereit zu helfen
W11_ZErreichbarkeit
VA2_ZTut das Möglichste zu helfen
VA6_ZHält Versprechen
VA8_ZEffiziente Problemlösung
VB1_ZErnsthaftes Problem
VB2_ZUnterbrechungsfreie Versorgung
VB3_ZRechnung entspricht Verbrauch
VB4_ZBehebung Rechnungsfehler
Trusting beliefs
Intension to trust
Reliability
Responsiveness
Tangibles
0,91
0,36
0,53
0,11
0,82
0,940,93
0,720,82
0,92
0,62
0,58
0,73
0,89
0,79
0,79
0,87
0,63
0,61
0,51
0,78
0,94
0,94
0,66
0,92
0,80
0,82
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Management Framework
1. Success measures for CRM- Which company-specific criteria influences my CRM
success?- What do I need to measure?
2. Instruments to monitor and manage CRM success - How can the relevant criteria be measured?
3. Organizational issues- At which time needs what to be done by whom? - Which organizational structure is necessary?
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Strategic GoalsStrategic Goals
Business ModelBusiness Model
I terative process(usually initiated by the
project manager)
CRM - GoalsCRM - Goals
CRM Success MeasuresCRM Success Measures
CRM - StrategyCRM - Strategy
Target Values for CRMSuccess Measures
Target Values for CRMSuccess Measures
CRM Success Goals
- System Quality
- Information Quality
- Business Process Quality
- Employee Satisfaction
- External Factors
- Service Quality
- Individual Outcome
- Organizational Outcome
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Instruments for CRM Success Management
Adaptation of existing instruments:
- Customer-orientated process cost calculation
- Customer Lifetime Value
- Using success measures based on causal modelling (LISREL)
Newly developed instrument:
- CRM Performance Card (CPC)
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Organizational Issues
Time frame:
Responsibility:- External or self-controlling- Other issues
Planning
Execution
Project Phases
System Use
Success Measurement Activities
Projektzieldefinition (Erfolgsgrößen auf Projektebene)
Festlegung der Messgrößen für den Projekterfolg
Projektzieldefinition (Erfolgsgrößen auf Projektebene)
Festlegung der Messgrößen für den Projekterfolg
Projektcontrolling Projektmanagement
Installation der Kenngrößen für die Erfolgsziele
Projektcontrolling Projektmanagement
Installation der Kenngrößen für die Erfolgsziele
Erfolgszielanalyse
NutzenpotentialbewertungNutzenpotentialdefinition
Projektpriorisierung
Controlling der Erfolgsziele
Kontinuierliche Verbesserung der Nutzenpotential-realisierung
Controlling der Erfolgsziele
Kontinuierliche Verbesserung der Nutzenpotential-realisierung
Inbetriebnahme Erfolgskennzahlen-Controlling
Projektzielerreichung Projekterfolgsbewertung
Pro
jec
tU
sa
ge
Implementation
Pre-PhaseInvestment
decision
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
CRM Performance Card
CustomerPerspective
ProcessPerspective
FuturePerspective
TrustPerspective
FinancePerspective
CRMSuccess
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Evaluation of Customer Relationship Management – System Success
Thank you for your attention
christoph auer, dr. dipl.-ing.key account manager
christoph auer, dr. dipl.-ing.key account manager
evolaris Competence Center
Hugo-wolf-gasse 8-8a, a-8010 graz
Phone: +43 316-35 11 11-104
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