european spallation source and the max iv synchrotron facility
TRANSCRIPT
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Experience in constructing new
research infrastructures
–
European Spallation Source and the
MAX IV Synchrotron Facility
Lars Börjesson
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Two world-leading research facilities
European Spallation Source – 2019
Forskning med neutroner
MAX IV Synchrotron – 2016
National facility -> Nordic
Science using X-rays
Development from MAXlab
European Spallation Source – 2019
17 Countries as partners
Science using Neutrons
Green field site and facility
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MAX IV and ESS - avanced tools for many research areas
• Materials science
• Life Science
• Energy technology
• Environmental
sciences
• Nanotechnology
• Geology
• Paleonthology
Both fundamental and applied – Strategic research
65 nm
transistor
32 nm
transistor
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The MAX IV Laboratory
Status
• National facility, 60 %
international use
• For materials, nano and life
science.
• Investments 400 M€, funding
from VR, Lund University,
VINNOVA, Region Skåne and K
A Wallenberg Foundation and
Swedish universities
Challenges
• Full exploration of exceptional
performance
• International partnership for
science, technology and funding
• ERIC
• Innovation and industrial use
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MAX-lab – a national laboratory
MAX I 550 MeV
MAX II 1500 MeV
MAX III 700 MeV
LINAC injector
MAX FEL
1985 MAX I – Synchrotron radiation and nuclear physics
1997 MAX II – 3rd generation storage ring
2008 MAX III –3rd generation – prototype for MAX IV
2009 MAX-FEL – Test facility for free electron laser
(EUROFEL – IRUVX)
the continuing attention to the user needs.
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International co-operation and use
Sweden
Baltic
countries
Norway
Other
Countries
FinlandDenmark
42 %
20 %
5%
3%2%
28 %
Swedish and International Use of MAX-lab today
6
MAX-lab – 930 users
MAX IV >2000 users
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MAX IV – Unique Design
3 GeV ring 19 beamlines(0.24 nmrad)
540 m circumference
1.5 GeV ring 11 beamlines (5.6 nmrad)
96 m circumference
3 GeV linac Injection + short pulse facility
3 GeV ring1,5 GeV ring
Linac
World leading
• Brilliance
• Coherence
• Nano-focus
• Time structure
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MAX-Lab vs. MAX IV
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A transformation process
� Next generation – hundreds of times more powerful
� Revolutionary technique – worlds most brilliant synchrotron
facility
� Larger capacity – more beamlines
� International partnerships
� Synergies with ESS and the Science City
MAX-lab
MAX IV Laboratory
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MAX IV Construction Site
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Experience from the construction of MAX IV
• Existing expertise, development and oganisation from existing
MAXlab are extremely valuable
• Close cooperation with leading labs worldwide is efficient and
necessary
• Transformation from small lab to large laboratory not easy –
change of culture, attitudes, organisation and managements
methods. ”Careful change”.
• Dealing with many stakeholders and funders is complicated and
difficult. There should be a champion stakeholder.
• Takes time to raise institutional interest for partnership in other
countries – despite large scientific use.
• Large public attention ! Expectation management needed.
• An exciting adventure !!
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European Spallation Source
Status
• European project, 17 partner
countries, MoU
• For materials, nano and life science.
• Investments 1.5 B€
• Pre-construction phase, TDR, costing
and agreement ready early 2013,
Issues
• Agreement with partner countries
• Contributions from partner
countires , inkl in-kind. EC ?
• Legal form – ERIC
• Signing of Political Declaration,
June 2013
• Transf. –> Construction phase
Green field
project
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• 1992 EC – first Design study of ESS by major
Eurpean Labs
• 1994 European Neutron Scattering Association
created 1994
• 1997-98 First Conceptual Design Study
• 2000 US – DoE Decision on a MW spalaltion source
• 2002 – 2003 Second ESS design ready
• Difficulties to reach European political level
• 2002 – ESFRI was created
• 2003 ESFRI ESS Working group
ESS – Brief History
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Role of ESFRI
2007 – ESFRI decided to take initiatives
• ESS – a well defined project
• competition between 3 sites
• showcase for ‘European decision process’ – to political
level ?
• ESS project has a ‘long’ history
ESS Scandinavia
Debrecen
Bilbao
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ESFRI process ESS site competition – ESFRI site review
questionnaire sent to 3 sites
to help with decision process
role of ESFRI
Site Review Group - Lund’s strengths
• excellence of scientific environment
• excellence of R&D
• strong business community
• international environment
• preparedness to move into
construction
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Role of ESFRI
Czech presidency –
• Margins of Competitiveness Council
meeting
• Site decision made 29 May 2009
Start of Design update and Pre-
construction phase
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ESS Presentation | 2012 May | Karl McFaul
ESS - A European Facility
Sweden,
Denmark and Norway:
50% of Construction
20% of Operations
European Partners
Contributes the rest
Total investement: ~ 1,5 B€Operations:~ 100 M€
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Status of the ESS
• MoU for pre-construction phase – 17 countries
• Design update almost completed
- Technical Design, Costing and Agreement texts ready end of
2012
• Project Review Completed Summer 2012 – ”Ready for Construction”
• Bi-Lateral negotiations are on-going
• Signing of Political Declarations of Intent – June 2013
• -> Construction phase
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Some experiences of the ESS
Political
• Political decision process in Europe is complex and slow, compare SNS in the US
• Experienced Politician as ’Science Angel’
• ESFRI played a significant role
Technical
• Promoting – Technical Organisation takes time
• Project Management from Industry is important for reaching goals. Intersiting cultural challenge
• Engage world leading technical/scientific experts
• Reviews and cost control essential to be on track
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ESRF och ILL, Grenoble
ESRF
ILLEMBL
Minatec – NanocenterPSB
Start-ups
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Science Village – a creative environment
Outstations: National,
universities, institutes
Laboratories: Bio,
nano, materiasl, energy,
environments…
Incubators, R&D
Divisions, Sciecne
parks
Hotel and restaurants
Science Expo, visitors
center
Conferenses and
workshops
Medicon Village
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Stimulating science and societal growth
6-8000 scientists per
year
800 employed scientists
– Scientific breakthroughs
– Technical innovations
– Procurement of the order of 2Billion €
– Advanced use by academia and
industry
– Development of highly competent
personell in high-tech areas
– Will attract R&D divisions in companies
– Industry use
- 5 % direct
- 30% in cooperation with university
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Regional initiatives
TITA – Project
• General innovation and industry effects
• City and regional planning, new suburbs to Lund, public transport
• Social activities – international schools in manylanguages, multi-culture, the spouse problem,…
• Science center for the public
• Interactions University- Institutes, facilities, industry
• How to be as open as possible to Europe and beyond
At Pufendorf institute 15 Social scientists study effects oflarge facilities on society in real time
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ESS and MAX IV 2025
• Worlds most powerful
neutron and
synchrotron sources
• Creative Center for
Science and
Innovation
• Effects well beyond
being tools for
materials research
and biotechnology
• Talents from all over
the world – 5000-
8000/year
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But…
• How do we do science 2025 and beyond ?
• Effects of IT development ?
• What does the innovation system look like ?
• What are the grand challenges for science ?
• What attracts people ?
• How do we live and work ?
• What is important to people ?
How do we plan for the future ?
Foresights ?
Thinktanks ?