French Revolution By

Lucas Donlon

☻The French revolution stated in 1789 to 1799.

☻40,000 people died in the French revolution.

☻The guillotine was used to kill people who disobeyed orders.

☻ The guillotine was a killing machine that beheaded people with a sharp blade that was dropped onto your neck.

☻ The book “a tale of two cities” by Charles Dickens was set during the French revolution.

☻King Louis XVI was nearly not executed but for a 73 majority vote, 361 voted for the execution and 288 against.

☻10,000 African slaves were freed after the revolution.

☻Thomas Jefferson was U.S. Minister to France during the French revolution.

☻Marie Antoinette said “let them eat cake” because they did not have bread.

☻Marie Antoinette died at the age of 37.

☻King Louis xvi died at the age of 38.☻King Louis became king when he was 20.

☻Marie Antoinette was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1755.

☻King Louis was born in Versailles, France in August 23rd 1754.

☻Napoleon Bonaparte was a ruler during the French revolution.

☻Now you cant name a pig napoleon in France.

☻The French flag stands for liberty equality and fraternity.

☻Blue and red are also the time-honoured colours of Paris.

PompeiiBy Vivienne O’Sullivan

History on Pompeii Mount Vesuvius in Pompeii was an active volcano. The founders of their beautiful city, mostly built

the city near the volcano because the ground was very fertile and good for planting crops. Which means, they could sell their goods to other towns and make lots of money.

It was a very modern city, for its era. They had aqueducts, sliding doors and modern markets.

When the civilians saw smoke puffing up in the sky, at first they didn’t think much of it and got on with their regular busy lives, farming, building and selling their goods.

We have a picture of the remains, a recovered body, and a picture of Mount Vesuvius

Here, we have the prehistoric city of Pompeii.

History of Pompeii Pompeii was an ancient Roman town/city

near modern Naples. Researchers believe that the remains of

Pompeii were founded in the sixth or seventh century BC. The eruption destroyed the city, killing its inhabitants and burying them under tons of ash fro m the volcano.

Pompeii has been a popular tourist attraction for over 250 years. It get approximately 2.5 million visitors per year.

History On Pompeii During the first century AD, Pompeii was

developed into a flourishing city port. It was a prosperous resort for many wealthy tourists. It contained many modern villas, an amphitheatre, two theatres, many temples and aqueducts.

An aqueduct is a bridge or viaduct carrying a waterway over a valley or gap

Pompeii was a very modern city.(FOR ITS TIME)

This is an image of Mount Vesuvius.

Out of Pompeii’s entire population, 20,000 people,

none survived the eruption.

History on Pompeii The city and people of Pompeii had no idea that

Mount Vesuvius was a volcano as it hadn’t erupted in 1,800 years.

Pompeii was so well preserved that since the ash came down from the volcano so quickly we can now get a glimpse of roman past life.

At the height of 1,281 metres, and being 17,000 years old, Mount Vesuvius has erupted over 50 times.

Before the eruption of 79 AD there was not even a word for volcano. But after the eruption, people used the word. Volcano derives from the word Vulcan- the God of flame and metal forgery.

More interesting facts Mount Vesuvius actually has two craters. One of

which the original crater and the other crater being caved during a previous eruption.

The eruption in Pompeii spread over 1.5 million tons of lava per second.

Mount Vesuvius is one of the only active volcanoes in Europe and is considered one of the most dangerous in the world.

Mount Vesuvius erupted six times in the 18th century, eight times in the 19th century, in 1906, 1929 and in 1944. the volcano has not erupted since!

My last slide! Then amphitheatre in Pompeii is known to

be one of the oldest of its structure and kind dating back to 80 BC.

Over 3 million people live in the immediate area near mount Vesuvius. More people live dangerously close to it than any other place in the world.

Across 150- acres, the walled city of Pompeii is one of the most popular excavation sites in the word.

QUEEN ELIZABETH THE 2ND

By Rory o’sullivan

Queen Elizabeth is 90 years old.

What age is the queen

The queen started to be the Queen when she was 25.

When she started to be Queen

QUEEN ELIZEBETH GOT MARRIED ON 20TH OF NOVEMBER 1947 TO PRINCE PHILLIP.

MARRIED

Queen Elizabeth owns Scotland,Wales,Isle of Man, Northern Ireland and Britain.

What Queen Elizabeth owns

Every morning before work Queen Elizebeth scans English newspapers.

She was born on the the 21st of april 1926. Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor IS

Queen Elizebth full name

Facts

Date of Birth April 21, 1926  Children4 children: Charles, Anne, Andrew, Edward EducationEducated at home

MORE FACTS

The Queen is so famous because she has been Queen for so long. She has been Queen for more than sixty years and she is even more famous because she has visited so many countries.

Why is she so famous

Coronation DayElizabeth II's coronation was on 2 June 1953. Rain did not stop thousands of people coming to London to watch.The coronation was shown on television. Not many people had TV. Many families invited friends to watch the flickering black and white pictures.

The Queen’s cornation

Despite the occasional call to step aside for Prince Charles, Elizabeth has remained on the throne. Some of her duties have been passed on to her eldest son, but she still maintains a busy schedule.

Does she do all the work by herself

By Ciara Noonan

The Great Famine

Before the famine people were very happy even though they had no electricity. Then Sir Walter Raleigh brought the potatoes to Ireland. Everyone loved them. So the farmers started planting them everyone started relining on them to much.

So when the Famine came nobody knew what to do!!! So people worried and did not know what to do.

Before and after The Famine

The year: 1845. What happened: all the potatoes caught a dieses

known as blight. How it affected us: all Irish people relied on the

potato crop so when it happened nobody knew what to do.

Where people went: some people went to Australia, America and new jersey.

When it ended: 1852. How the population dropped: before the famine the

population was at 8,174,142 and after it was only 6,552,385.

Facts about the famine

The potato was the principal source of nutrition for the vast majority of the poorer classes because this crop produced more food per acre than wheat and could also be used to generate income. The practice of Conacre/Land Division meant that peasants needed to produce the biggest crop possible. The most variety of potato was the ‘Aran Banner’ which, whilst producing high yields also was very susceptible to blight.

Many farmers had a few animals; the pig, easily fed on left-overs and requiring little space, was quite common. In many cases, however, other crops and animals were used to pay the rent and were never regarded as food.

More facts about the famine

A statue to remind us of the famine

A famine is when there is a very severe shortage or lack of food for a large number of people. During a famine, there is hunger, malnutrition, starvation and often death among the people. Ireland had its worst famine in 1845 when a famine called the Great Famine occured. It lasted until about 1850 but the worst years were between 1845 and 1849. It is estimated that almost one million people died and another million Irish people emigrated by the end of the famine. Ireland’s population was over 8 million in 1841 but by 1851 it was reduced to about 6 .5 million

Some things people should know about the famine

One of the causes of the Great Irish Famine was a disease called blight which destroyed the potato crop. The potato was the only food available to the majority of the people in Ireland at the time. The poorer people were cottiers and labourers who did not own their own land. They grew potatoes on small plots of ground and had no money to buy any other foods.

The poorest groups suffered most during the famine because they had no other food to eat except the potato. When the blight destroyed the potato crops every year from 1845, the people faced starvation and death.

More things to do with the famine

What did the government do to help people during the famine?

Ireland was under English rule at the time of the famine and the parliament was in London. When the potato blight ruined the first potato crop in 1845, Sir Robert Peel was the prime minister. He knew that most Irish people would have nothing to eat. In 1846, he shipped some Indian corn to Ireland and arranged for it to be sold in different parts of the country for a cheap price. This helped some families, however the poorest people had no money to buy it.

Some more

The corn was also difficult to get to some of the most remote places where the famine was worst and where the roads were bad. Another problem was that people had to cook the corn, however they often did not know how to cook it as they had never eaten it before. This corn was so hard it became known as “Peel’s Brimstone”.

More things about the famine

In 1846, the second crop of potatoes failed in July and August. People who had managed to survive the first crop failure of 1845 were now in terrible conditions. A new prime minister called Lord John Russell took charge of the government in England. He reduced the sale of cheap food and thought instead that giving employment was the best thing to do. Public works began again in October 1846. The government thought that this employment would help the poor to buy food. However, poor people were often too weak from lack of food to be able to work very hard and wages were often not paid on time.

Second failure of crops in 1846

In the summer of 1847, the government set up some soup kitchens to give the starving people hot soup. A group called the Society of Friend, or the Quakers, did a lot of work to feed the poor. They bought huge boilers in which to cook the soup. By August 1847, about 3 million people were being fed each day in total. However, in the Autumn of 1847, the government shut down the soup kitchens. They expected that the next crop of potatoes might be good and told poor people that they could go to the workhouses for help.

Soup Kitchens

Workhouses were places where the very poor, known as paupers, could go to live. Once they entered the workhouse, people had to wear a uniform and were given a very basic diet. The main food they were given was called stirabout, which was similar to a weak oatmeal porridge. Families were split up once inside. Men, women, girls and boys were all forced to stay in different parts of the building.

Workhouses

There were strict rules in the workhouse such as keeping silence at certain times. Inmates were not allowed to play cards, disobey orders or try to escape from the workhouse.

Longford Workhouse

People were often ill when they entered the workhouse and this meant that many inmates died of diseases, which spread quickly in the workhouses. The main diseases were typhus, cholera and dysentery.

A Union Workhouse

The Irish workhouses for the poor first began when a law was passed in the parliament in London in 1838. The law said that the workhouses should be built as places to keepBy August 1846, there were about 128 workhouses built. When the famine occurred, and especially by 1847, the workhouses were overcrowded and could not keep all the poor people who came looking for help. For example, a work house in Fermoy, County Cork built for 800 people, actually kept 1,800 people in very bad conditions. Diseases spread very quickly in overcrowded spaces. By the end of the famine, there were 163 workhouses in Ireland. very poor people who applied for help.

When did the workhouses begin in Ireland?

When tenants could not pay their rent, they were usually evicted. Some landlords tried their best to help their tenants and did not charge them rent. A number of these landlords went broke because of this. However, huge numbers of people were also evicted from their homes by their landlords during the famine.

Eviction scenes in Crossmolina. Battering ram

Evictions

Large numbers of Irish people emigrated to countries such as England, America, Canada and Australia because of the famine. From 1845 to 1850, about one and a half million people left Ireland.

Famine Emigration

People have estimated that about a million people died during the worst famine years between 1845 and 1849.

About a million people emigrated to America , Canada , Australia or

Britain . People continued to leave Ireland in large numbers for many years after the famine.

The Irish language began to die out. Many of those who died or emigrated

were from the western parts of Ireland and had spoken Irish. Some people were very angry that the English government had not done

more to prevent the famine. This caused a lot of anger against Britain and lasted for a long time.

A group called the Young Ireland party, or Young Irelanders, wanted Ireland

to have its own government. They began a small rebellion in 1848. However, this rising failed because it happened in the middle of the Great Famine.

Results of the Great Famine

Today, there are many memorials in Ireland to the people who emigrated and died during famine. In the dockland area of Dublin along the quay, you can see sculptures of very thin people in memory of all the emigrants who left Ireland from Dublin port during the famine years. The sculptures seem to show people walking towards the ships along the quayside

The OlympicsBy Rian McGuire

Where it started The Olympics was first on in Olympia

Greece. Some of the sports in the olympics were running jumping wrestling and javelin

The Olympic FireThe Olympic fire symbolises the theft of fire by the greek god Zeus by Rrometheus. The fire was introduced at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam and has been part of it ever since.

Great OlympiansAmerican swimmer Michael Phelps was nicknamed the Flying Fish because of his amazing ability to cut through the water. Legendary swimmer Mark Spitz once stated about him, “It goes to show you that not only is this guy the greatest swimmer of all time and the greatest Olympian of all time, he’s maybe the greatest athlete of all time.” Phelps is the winner of the highest number of medals in Olympic history with his 22 Olympic medals. He won 6 gold medals and 2 Bronze medals while setting 2 world records at 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.

Great OlympiansFormer Soviet gymnast Larisa Latynina is widely regarded as the best gymnast the world has ever seen. Her contribution to the development of gymnastics successfully established Soviet Union as a dominant force in Olympic. She won a total of 18 medals in her Olympic career which includes her still undefeated Olympic record of 14 medals in the individual event. She won 4 gold medals, 1 Silver medal and 1 Bronze medal in 1956 Melbourne Olympic.

Great Olympians Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt is widely regarded as the fastest man in history. He was nicknamed “Lightning Bolt” for his amazing sprint of 100 meters within a world record of 9.58 seconds in Berlin 2009. After being amazingly successful in junior world championships, he started to participate in Olympics from 2008. He won 3 gold medals in 2008 Beijing Olympic and also won 3 more gold medals in 2012 London Olympic.

Great OlympiansCarl Lewis is the world record holder of indoor long jump, and his record has still remained unbeaten since 1984. He achieved below 10 second benchmark 15 times in 100 meters event, and achieved 20 seconds benchmark 10 times in 200 meters event during his career. He won 4 gold medals in 1984 Los Angeles Olympic.

The Olympic RingsThe original thoughts as to the meaning of the Olympic rings on the flag of the Olympic Games is the symbolism of the five different colored rings, all interlinked together. These five multicolored Olympic rings stand for the five continents where the athletes traveled from to take part

TheRenaissanc

eBy Fionn Ryan

Florence

Florence was where the Renaissance started in Italy.

Renaissance Period

The Renaissance was a period between the 14th and 17th centuries.

Meaning Renaissance means rebirth.

Michelangelo Michelangelo was a famous artist during the renaissance. He painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel while lying on his back. With wet paint dripping on his face

and lying down for so long he got terrible backaches.

Sculptures There were lots of sculptures in the Renaissance period. This is one of David

sculpted by Michelangelo.

Medici Family The Medici family controlled Florence during the Renaissance. They also

owned the biggest bank in Europe at the time.

Mona Lisa The Mona Lisa is one of the most famous paintings in the world. It was painted by Leonardo Da Vinci during the Renaissance.

Michelangelo’s TombThis is Michelangelo's tomb in the Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence.

Galileo Galilei This is a picture of Galileo drawn in crayon by famous Renaissance sculptor

Leone Leoni.

By Feidhlim Harrington

The Renaissance

The Renaissance is a period from the 14th to the 17th century, considered the bridge between the Middle Ages and Modern history. It started as a cultural movement in Italy in the Late Medieval period and later spread to the rest of Europe.

The Renaissance was a time of great beauty and art. Artists like Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo created greats works of art during this time. Writers like William Shakespeare were producing their own masterpieces.

Shown on the left are some designs from the Renaissance period. It is a diagram and a picture of domed building.

This is a great library from the renaissance period, and it is much better looking than any libraries nowadays; sometimes I wish we would have another renaissance .

There is a big difference

And this was during the renaissance

This was before the renaissance period.

This being women’s

This was men’s clothing,

The RomansBy Aisling Moroney

Where did Romans come from ???

The Roman empire covered much of Europe,North Africa and the middle east. One day,some years before Jesus Christ was born,the Romans came to Britan.

The Romans in Britain

The Romans came to Britain nearly 2000 years ago and changed the country. Even today,Evidence of the romans being here, can be seen in the ruin of Roman buildings, Forts and baths can be found all over Britain.

Where did the Romans live???The Romans lived in Rome, A city in the centre of the country of Italy.

The Roman Empire from the first century.Two thousand years ago, The world was ruled by Rome.From England to Africa and from Syria to Spain, one in every four people on earth lived and died under Roman law.

When did the Romans invade Britain??

In August 55 b.c the roman general , Emperor Julius Caessar invaded Britain. He took with him two roman legions. After winning several battles against the celtic tribes [britons] in south-east England he returned to France.

Facts on the Romans

At its peak, The Roman Empire comprised only 12% of the worlds population.

The Roman Empire was not the largest empire in history. It was only the 28th largest.

The wars between Romans and Persians lasted about 721 years, the longest conflict in human history.

Ancient Romans celebrated “saturnalia” , A festival in which slaves and their masters would switch places.

What clothes did men wear in Roman times?

Men wore a knee-length tunic [chilton], either sleeveless or short-sleeved. Roman men wore a cloak over their tunic , which was like a wide shawl that was draped over the shoulder and carefully wrapped around the body.

Important romans dressed in a long robe called a toga.

Roman Gods and Relgion

Religion was an important part of Roman daily life. The Romans believed in many different gods and goddesses. If the gods were angry, terrible things could happen. To keep the gods happy, animals were sacrifised [killed] as offerings.

sacrificesRomans sacrificed animals such as bulls, sheep and pigs.

Temples

People worshipped the gods in temples where they made sacrifices of animalsand precious things. The Romans believed that blood sacrifices were the best way to communicate with the gods. Sheep were often sacrificed to jupiter.

Sometimes a temple was built to only worship one of the gods. A temple to all gods was known as a pantheon.

A family of Gods The Romans thought that their Gods were all part of a family and people told stories or myths about them.

The most important gods to the Romans were the Greek Gods from mount Olympus. The Greek Gods were given Roman names, for example, Zeus became Jupitar.

Their gods included:

Jupitar

King ofthe gods, God of the sky,Weapon:thunderbolt,Sons of uranus,Father of Jupitar,Neptune and Pluto,Husband of Juno,who looked after women.