european commission, directorate-general energy and transport 03/06/2015 slide 1 eu activities on...

18/04/23 Slide 1

European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport

EU Activities on Hydrogen

Energy consumption and CO2 emission

Alternative fuels development

Hydrogen perspectives

EU support to hydrogen development

18/04/23 Slide 2


Trends in Energy Consumption

• Oil remains main energy source• Natural gas increases its share considerably• Renewable energy sources remain at low level

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

Mto

e

Coal

Oil

Natural Gas

Nuclear

Renewable

Total

EU-25Baseline trends

18/04/23 Slide 3


Trends in CO2 Emissions

• CO2 emissions increase after 2010• Electricity production and transport remain main emitters

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

1990 2000 2010 2020 2030

Mt

CO

2

Transport

Electricity

Industry

Households

Tertiary

Energy

Total

EU-25Baseline trends

18/04/23 Slide 4


EU Activities on Alternative Fuels

EU activities on alternative fuels are part of a policy aiming at: Security of energy supply (Energy Green Paper 11/2000)

Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (Transport White Paper 9/2001)

Energy efficiency and alternative fuels are complementary

Communication on alternative fuels (11/2001):Biofuels, Natural gas, Hydrogen

Contact Group Alternative Fuels (Report 12/2003):Expert assessment of market development perspectives of the main alternative fuels

High Level Group Hydrogen (Report 5/2003):Vision of a hydrogen economy

European Technology Platform on hydrogen and fuel cells(1/2004):Facilitator to research, development and deployment

Research Framework Programmes with increasing efforts on hydrogen, fuel cells

Research & development & demonstration projects (e.g. CUTE hydrogen bus project)

18/04/23 Slide 5


Alternative FuelsMarket Development Scenario

0

5

10

15

20

25

2005 2010 2015 2020

%

Hydrogen

Natural Gas

Biofuels

26

2

2

5

7

5

10

82

8

14

23

18/04/23 Slide 6


Contribution of Alternative Fuels

20% market share of alternative fuels provide

Security of energy supply

Substitution of 70 Megatonnes oil per year, Amount of total North Sea production in 2020

Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions

Saving of 80 Megatonnes CO2 per year,

Amount of about 10% of total transport emissions

18/04/23 Slide 7


Main Alternative Fuels- Perspectives and Issues -

Bio Fuels: Domestic resource base; mature for the broad market. economic incentives

Broadening of resource base with synthetic biofuels.

feedstock, logistics, pilot plants

Natural gas: Diversification of resource base; potential for significant market share in the medium term.

supply infrastructure, vehicle choice,

economic incentives

Hydrogen: Potential for main energy carrier in the long term. broad research + focused technical development;

integrated (“lighthouse”) demonstration projects

18/04/23 Slide 8


Alternative Fuels Contact Group

Objective

Technical and economic assessment of alternative motor fuels;

Priority on natural gas and hydrogen;

Biomass derived synthetic fuelsand LPG included.

Members of expert groupFuel suppliers, car manufacturers, consumers, research institutions, civil society

18/04/23 Slide 9


Energy Consumption and CO2 Emission

- Hydrogen and conventional Vehicles - GHG

0 50 100 150 200 250

Gasoline PISI

Conv. Diesel DICI

Gasoline PISI

Conv. Diesel DICI+DPF

Gasoline Hyb

Conv. Diesel Hyb+DPF

CNG PISI

CNG PISI hyb.

C-H2 PISI

L-H2 PISI

C-H2 PISI hyb.

C-H2 FC

C-H2 FC hyb.

g CO2eq / km

TTW

WTT

2002

2010ICE

2010FC

Energy

0 100 200 300 400 500

Gasoline PISI

Conv. Diesel DICI

Gasoline PISI

Conv. Diesel DICI+DPF

Gasoline Hyb

Conv. Diesel Hyb+DPF

CNG PISI

CNG PISI hyb.

C-H2 PISI

L-H2 PISI

C-H2 PISI hyb.

C-H2 FC

C-H2 FC hyb.

MJ / 100 km

TTW

WTT

2002

2010ICE

2010FC *

*

WTT: Well-To-TankTTW: Tank-To-WheelsWTW: Well-To-Wheels

H2 H2

18/04/23 Slide 10


Hydrogen Economics

Hydrogen fuel supply costWith most economic supply of hydrogen from natural gas steam reforming: Twice the cost of petrol (€/J).

Economic with high efficiency fuel cell engine

Hydrogen infrastructure costWith economic customer base for re-filling stations: cost in the range of a few percent of the vehicle cost.

Economic with staged build-up from clusters

Hydrogen vehicle costPresently very high costs of fuel cells and tanks Large reduction required

18/04/23 Slide 11


Investment Cost for H2 Infrastructure(10,000 filling stations)

5 million vehicles5 million vehicles 9 million vehicles9 million vehicles

reasonable utilized filling stationlow utilized filling station

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

LH2 El LH2 NG CGH2 El(onsite)

CGH2 NG(onsite)

LH2 El LH2 NG CGH2 El(onsite)

CGH2 NG(onsite)

Inv

es

tme

nt

[bill

ion

EU

R]

Filling stations

LH2 trailers

H2 compression

H2 liquefaction

H2 generation

18/04/23 Slide 12


0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

LH2 El-4 LH2 El-7 LH2 El-10 LH2 NG CGH2 NG

(onsite)

Fu

el s

up

ply

co

sts

[E

UR

/l g

aso

lin

e eq

uiv

alen

t]

Filling station

Distribution

H2 compression

H2 liquefaction

H2 generation

Fuel supply costper liter gasoline equivalent

LH2 El-4: 4 cents/kWhel



4 cents/kWh (HV) 7 cents/kWh (HV) 10 cents/kWh (HV)

CGH2 Electrolysis (onsite)

incl. 0.4 kVdistribution: +3 cents/kWhe

incl. 10 kVdistribution: +1 cents/kWhe

gasoline

18/04/23 Slide 13


Co-Production of Hydrogen andSynthetic Fuels from Biomass

Thermal Gasification Biomass

H2

CO

Gas-To-Liquid

(GTL)

Synthesis

Biomass-To-Liquid (BTL)

Fuels

Hydrogen Fuel

Production plants for synthetic fuels from biomasse could allow co-production of:

Hydrogen / liquid Biomass-To-Liquid (BTL) fuels

Synthesisgas

18/04/23 Slide 14


EU Funding for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research and Development

832

58

145

?

0

50

100

150

200

250

FP2 FP3 FP4 FP5 FP6

FP2FP3FP4FP5FP6

(M€)

Support in Framework Programmes FP2-FP6 (1986-2006)

18/04/23 Slide 15


Fifth Framework Programme (1998-2002): 145 M€(About 70 projects)

Sixth Framework Programme contracts in 2004: 100 M€(16 new projects)

New calls with Community funding in 2005: ~ 150 M€(Evaluation in February 2005)

Growth Initiative Quick Start Projects 2004-2015: 2.8 b€(European Council 12 December 2003)

EU Funding for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research and Development

18/04/23 Slide 16


Contracts awarded 2003-2004:

Hydrogen production: 5 projects

Hydrogen storage: 1 projects

Safety, regulations, codes, standards: 2 projects

Hydrogen pathways: 7 projects

Hydrogen end-use: 3 projects

EU funded Hydrogen Projectsin Sixth Framework Programme

18/04/23 Slide 17


Hydrogen Demonstration Project CUTE - Clean Urban Transport for Europe

27 hydrogen powered buses

Demonstration in 9 European cities (Porto, Madrid, Barcelona, London, Luxembourg, Hamburg, Stuttgart, Amsterdam and Stockholm)

Production, distribution and refueling

Exploring the potential of renewables as primary energy source

Co-operation with Iceland (ECTOS) and Australia (STEP)

http://www.fuel-cell-bus-club.com/index.html

18/04/23 Slide 18


European Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technology Platform

Commission H/FC Project Team(Inter-service Group)

Advisory Council

(incl. Executive Group)

Deployment Strategy

(incl. policy framework)

Strategic Research Agenda

Public awareness

Safety, codes & standards

Financing & Business

development

Education & training

Member States’ Mirror Group

TP SecretariatInformation OfficeIT Support Service

Steering Panels :

(possible) Initiative Groups :

PLATFORM OPERATIONSNew and on-going projects and initiatives (EC + MS national, regional and local)

HLG Vision

GENERAL ASSEMBLY

(Bi-) annual Technology Platform Forum

H2/ FC Roadmap

18/04/23 Slide 19


European Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technology Platform

Expected deliverables:

Strategic Research Agenda (March 2005)

Deployment Strategy (March 2005)

European Roadmap for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells

Proposals for Public-Private Partnerships

Framework for Platform / policy making interaction

Strategy for international cooperation

18/04/23 Slide 20


Future European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research and Development Programme

Seventh RTD Framework Programme Period: 2007-2013

Budget proposal: Doubling of Sixth Framework funds

Strategic Orientientation: COM(2004)353 of 16 June 2004

Time schedule: Framework programme proposal: Spring 2005 Work programme proposal: Autumn 2005 Adoption of both programmes: Summer 2006 First calls for project proposals: End 2006

New Element: Joint Technology Initiative:Large-scale public-private partnerships involving high investments,New integrated approach to RTD,Legal, technical, managerial frameworks required.

european commission, directorate-general energy and transport 03/06/2015 slide 1 eu activities on...

Documents

alternative fuels development

hydrogen development

directorategeneral energy

energy efficiency

synthetic fuels

european commission

main energy carrier

hydrogen perspectives