EUROCITIES POSITION PAPER ON URBAN TRANSPORThenk.wolfert@dcmr.nl

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CONTENT

Introduction

Reasons to draft the Position Paper

Freedom of movement

Answers from European Union

Answers from Working Group Noise/Cities

Outlook

Conclusions

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INTRODUCTION

European Policy Officer Lobby EU Working Group Noise EUROCITIES Projects/networking

DCMR Environmental Protection Agency

Rotterdam Metropolitan Region

EUROCITIES Environmental Forum Working Group Noise

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REASONS TO DRAFT THE POSITION PAPER

EUROCITIES Noise Questionnaire 2008 Findings first round Noise Mapping END

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FINDINGS FIRST ROUND NOISE MAPPING END 0

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0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Roads Railways Airports Industry Major roads Major railways Major airports

Num

ber o

f peo

ple

(in m

illio

ns)

Noise source

Number of people exposed to noise in Europe (including NO & CH)

Lden > 55 dB Lnight > 50 dB

NOISE IN EUROPEAN LARGEST CITIES 04

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FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT 04

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7

4.5% of GDP EU

4.6% employment

13% household

budget

10-15% of product

price

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MOBILITY, WHAT FOR?

SHOPPING

WORKING

EDUCATION

LEISURE

SOCIAL

SERVICES

HOLIDAYS

DELIVERIES

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FACTORS INFLUENCING

TRANSPORTATION NOISE

globalisation population growth individualisation ageing prosperity intensification computerization ‘informalisation’ labour participation

women Increased free time

improved infrastructure spatial spread of work-

living- services desire to be

independent in time and space

flexibilisation work

demographics societal

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9

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psychological ?? sociological ??

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THE SHADOW SIDE 04

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10

air pollution casualties traffic jams (1% GDP)

noise CO2 emissions fragmentation urban

areas soil sealing waste depletion of resources

health effects uneasiness injuries/deaths annoyance sleep disturbance urban sprawl loss of fertile land high costs future threats climate change

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ANSWERS FROM EUROPEAN UNION Aeroplane operation limits 92/14/EC Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC Lawn Mowers Management Community Airports, repealed

hush kits Motor Vehicle exhaust systems (ELVs) Tractor Type Approval Subsonic Jet Aeroplanes Outdoor Machinery Noise 2000/14/EC Railway Noise TSI 2006/66/EC Recreational Crafts 94/25/EC Tyre noise (labelling and ELV’s)

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FUTURE ANSWERS FROM EUROPEAN UNION

Environmental Noise Directive 2002/49/EC

EC Tyre Regulation 1222/2009 on labelling

EC Tyre Regulation 661/2009 type approval ELVs

EC outdoor Machinery Noise 2000/14/EC

Noise Restrictions at Airports 2002/30/EC

Railway track acces: introduction Noise Differentiated

Charges

Recreational Craft Directive 94/25/EC revision

Motor Vehicle noise 70/157/EEC

White Paper Urban Transport

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ANSWERS OF CITIES/WG NOISE Traffic Management

Solutions Speed reduction Smoothing traffic flow Dedicated

lanes/restricted zones/parking space

Barriers*, bundling (??) Road design

Lay-out Quiet road surfaces

Financial/fiscal measures Shift soft modes, car-

sharing Public Transport Electric and Hybrid

vehicles Insulation of façade

< 1 dB < 1 dB Relieves only locally

*Only along ring ways 0,5-1,5 dB depending on

space < 1 dB 3-5 dB (thin layer) 0,5 dB by 10% decline

volume 0,5 dB by 10% decline

volume 1 dB by 20% shift to Public Tr. 2,6 dB by 50% share 2030

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ANSWERS FROM SOCIETY

E-shopping E-learning (open university, MIT,..) E-sporting Less consuming Less production Awareness Physically moving (biking, walking, skating,..) Public transport Local products E-transportation Facilities at short distance

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CONCLUSIONS I 04

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Mobility is needed to enhance economy Man is a nomad from origin (hunter), he

cannot stay at one place, he’s restless. We cannot stop mobility by vehicles, no way

to ban the iron horse at all It’s hard to change human behaviour

[INTERNOISE2010] should we pull OR should we push?

Urbanization helps Metropolitan networks Hybrid and Electric Vehicles are allowed to

enter urban areas; Conventionally fuelled cars are prohibited as from 2050 (EU) ways to speed up?

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CONCLUSIONS II EU could show leadership imposing

themselves noise action plan aimed to reduce noise at sources.

EU,UNECE should tighten Emission Limit Values of vehicles swiftly

Car industry cannot allow to remain still Research to psychological/sociological

motives/backgrounds of car use should be done.

Cities may not lean back and apply all possible measures to lower the noise to acceptable and healthier levels.

National governments should support/encourage alternative ways of transportation.

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OUTLOOK 04

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OUTLOOK II 04

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PHEV

INDUCTIVEROADS

CARGO HOPPER

SMART (BUS) STOPS 04

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