EukaryotesDonald Winslow, 15 April 2014

Readings from What is Life: A guide to Biology, 2nd edition by Phelan (2013). W. H. Freeman and Co. ISBN (13): 978-1-4641-0720-7. ISBN (10): 1-

4641-0720-3.Protists: Ch. 13 pp 529-532Fungi: Ch. 12 pp 498-503Plants: Ch. 12 pp 474-493Animals: Ch. 11 pp 429-463

Protists

Kingdom Protista Unicellular or multicellular Classification by mode of nutrition

Kingdom Protista

Algae (plant-like protists) Protozoans (animal-like protists) Fungus-like protists

Slime molds Plasmodial slime molds Cellular slime molds

Water molds (Phylum Oomycota)

Algae

Phylum Chlorophyta (green algae) Charophytes Phylum Rhodophyta (red algae) Brown algae Golden-brown algae Diatoms

Protozoans

Flagellates—protists with flagella Dinoflagellates, euglenids, choanoflagellates

Protists with pseudopods Amoeboids, foraminiferans, radiolarians

Ciliates—protists with cilia Sporozoans (apicomplexans)

Non-motile, form spores, pathogenic

Fungi

Saprophytic decomposers Nutrient cycling Multicellular or unicellular Hyphae Spores Sexual and asexual reproduction

Kingdom Fungi

Phylum Zygomycota Phylum Ascomycota

Asci and ascospores Phylum Basidiomycota—most mushrooms Fungal symbioses

Lichens Mycorrhizae

Kingdom Plantae

Non-vascular plants Vascular plants

Seedless vascular plants Seed plants

Gymnosperms Angiosperms (flowering plants)

Phylum Magnoliophyta

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Porifera Phylum Cnidaria Protostomes Deuterostomes

Phylum Echinodermata Phylum Chordata

Prochordates and vertebrates