ethnograpy and field research to better understand the people and the city

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Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City *

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Page 1: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

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Page 2: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

FIELD RESEARCH

PLACE PEOPLE

Understanding the context to

+

ETHNOGRAPHYPSICOGEOGRAPHYMAPPING ERGONOMY

Page 3: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Life is complex*

Page 4: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

culture as an iceberg

exp

licit

tac

it

Page 5: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

ethnographyObserving behaviour in natural settings.Literally means “writing about people groups”. It has been formulated in 1800s as a method to study “native cul-tures”.

So asking questions and make interviews is not the best way to understand a culture

Page 6: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

In order to understand unspoken and not measur-able information, the inves-tigator should live and live like those who are studied. (Van Maanen, 1996).

Living in the context allows us to understand patterns of behav-iours in a real context, ad under-stand them both rationally and intuitively

“If you want to understand what motivates a guy to pick up skateboarding, you could bring him into a sterile labo-ratory and interrogate him… or you could spend a week in a skatepark observing him interacting with his friends, practicing new skills and hav-ing fun. Ethnography is ob-serving people’s behavior in their own environments so you can get a holistic understand-ing of their world—one that you can intuit on a deeply per-sonal level.”—LiAnne Yu, cultural anthropologist

Page 7: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

ethnographyCharacteristics. Takes place in the field Observation is primary data collection technique Interviews are used to clarify observations Attention is paid to con-text and artifacts Field notes coded and analised for themes and vari-ables

be the foreignerAnd the most important tip:

Page 8: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

When to use ethnographyEthnography prduces fresh insights for design strategy

Discovery Formulation Evaluation

Initi

atio

n

De

sign

Co

nce

pt

Laun

ch

ETHNOGRAPHY SURVEY DEPHTINTERVIEWS

FORMATIVE USABILITY

EVALUATIVE USABILITY

Page 9: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

The Process of Field Research

Get stuff

Think about it

Transform it

Output stuff

Research Planning Determine the research focus Determine location and context Determine and design data capture methodData collection

Visual data: -videotaping -photography -passive observation.. Verbal -conversations -stories collection -questionnaires ..

Material organization Design a format Select useful data Explain data in an under-standable way

Page 10: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Methodology Investigate people in their context sampling

VISU

ALVE

RBAL

QUALITATIVEQUANTITATIVE

PhotoVideo

Artifacts

Observations

Interviews

Confrontation of materialSurvey

Questionnaire

Data collection

Page 11: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Have a look at this...http://www.flickr.com/groups/probes/

Page 12: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Data collectionCultural probes

Probes kit are envelopes con-taining: Probes artifacts: cameras, albums, cards, post-it Probes tasks: filling maps, picture taking, filling-in dia-ries...

Inspiration probesInvestigation probesParticipatory probesDialogue probes

Page 13: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

MethodologyMaterial organization Ethnography is a systematic process.While useful ideas can emerge during cas-ual observation, the most powerful insights come from a rigorous analysis of system-atically collected data.

Design your own format- Title- Keywords (not THAT many...)- Descriptions- Highlights (what sounds more inspiring)- Moodboard- Maps- Diagrams

Facoltà del Design – Corso di Laurea Specialistica in Design dei ServiziLab. Sviluppo Prodotto - a.a. 2006/07Proff. Anna Meroni, Paola Trapani, Tommaso Buganza PRIMA ESERCITAZIONE

13 aprile 2007

...et labora.

Abbazia di Mirasole (Opera, MI)L’Antica vocazione agricola dell’Abbazia ha lasciato tracce indelebili sui territori circostanti, che sono tuttora composti da una vasta serie ordinata di campi.

Abbazia di Mirasole (Opera, MI)Il portale di ingresso conferisce un’immagine imponente all’Abbazia, che un tempo era una vera e propria costruzione forti�cata.

Abbazia di Chiaravalle (Milano).Se all’interno la sensazione predominante è quella di pace, nei territori intorno all’Abbazia, si può vedere l’attività nei campi, e qualche traccia di città, come il treno che passa ogni ora.

Abbazia di Viboldone (San Giuliano Milanese, MI) La presenza delle monache che abitano l’abbazia, e la rendono viva con le loro attività è testimoniata da alcune tracce che si trovano in giro, come questa bicicletta legata al cancello vicino al chiostro.

Facoltà del Design – Corso di Laurea Specialistica in Design dei Servizi

Lab. Sviluppo Prodotto - a.a. 2006/07

Proff. Anna Meroni, Paola Trapani, Tommaso Buganza

PRIMA ESERCITAZIONE

13 aprile 2007

Ora..

Abbazia di Chiaravalle (Milano)

La torre nolare sostituiva il campanile nella chamata dei fedeli alla messa.

Col tempo è diventata il vero simbolo dell’Abbazia, ed è stata ribattezzata dai mila-

nesi “Ciribiciaccola”.

Abbazia di Chiaravalle (Milano)

La statua della Madonna (che sembra essere piuttosto moderna), si trova sotto un

lucernario, che, assieme ai ceri dei fedeli, crea dei giochi di luce che variano nel corso

della giornata.

Abbazia di Viboldone (San Giuliano Milanese, MI).

L’interno della chiesa è riccamente decorato, e sulle sue pareti si possono leggere gli

stili di diversi secoli: il Romanico si mischia con il Barocco, o con il Neoclassico.

A volte gli accostamenti sono un po’ azzardati, e lasciano sorpresi, così ci si perde a

scoprire i particolari più nascosti, come questo angelo incastrato in una cappellina

laterale.

Abbazia di Chiaravalle (Milano)

Nonostante il silenzio che c’è all’interno, l’Abbazia è molto frequentata; lo si capisce

anche dai molti lumini votivi che si trovano sotto lestatue all’interno della chiesa.

Page 14: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Discover meaningEthnography allows us to

Page 15: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Understand normsEthnography allows us to

Page 16: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Make communication powerful

Ethnography allows us to

Page 17: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Be worldlyEthnography allows us to

Page 18: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Observe realityEthnography allows us to

Page 19: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Identify barriersEthnography allows us to

Page 20: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Quarto OggiaroAn example of field research

exploration

focus on one activity(comoprare)

find the “extreme user” (association)

Page 21: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City
Page 22: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

Life is complex(but understandable)*

Page 23: Ethnograpy and Field Research to Better Understand the People and the City

谢谢你们 - thank you - grazie

Serena [email protected]