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Para Vol I
ETHNIC AUDIT OF PARASTATALS IN
KENYA
ETHNIC AUDIT OF PARASTATALS IN
KENYA
National Cohesion and Integration Commission
i
Published by National Cohesion and Integration Commission P.O. Box 7055-00100, Nairobi, Kenya. www.cohesion.or.ke Copyright © 2016 National Cohesion and Integration Commission All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages and sections, for which due acknowledgement must be made, this publication may not be reproduced nor reprinted without prior permission of the publisher. ISBN No. 978-9966-o44-11-2 NCIC Publication No. 2/2016
ii iii
Contents Abbreviations ............................................................................................ 20
Acknowledgements...................................................................................... 21
Preface .................................................................................................... 22
Executive Summary .................................................................................... 23
CHAPTER ............................................................................................... 30
ONE ....................................................................................................... 30
BACKGROUND ........................................................................................ 30
Introduction......................................................................................................... 31
Study Purpose and Objectives ................................................................................. 31
Rationale ............................................................................................................ 32
Outcomes ........................................................................................................... 32
Definition of Terms and Concepts ............................................................................ 32
Organization of Chapters ....................................................................................... 34
CHAPTER ............................................................................................... 35
TWO ....................................................................................................... 35
ETHNIC DIVERSITY REQUIREMENTS ........................................................ 35
IN STATE CORPORATIONS ....................................................................... 35
Introduction......................................................................................................... 36
Legal Framework for Parastatals ............................................................................. 36
An inside Look into State Corporations in Kenya ......................................................... 40
METHODOLOGY...................................................................................... 43
Introduction......................................................................................................... 44
Research Design ................................................................................................... 44
Target Population ................................................................................................. 44
Sample Size and Sampling Procedures ...................................................................... 44
Description of Data Collection Instruments ................................................................ 44
Reliability of Research Instrument ........................................................................... 45
Data Analysis Procedure ........................................................................................ 45
Ethical Considerations ........................................................................................... 45
Ethnic Diversity in Kenya ........................................................................................ 45
iii
CHAPTER FOUR ...................................................................................... 49
REPORTING RESEARCH ........................................................................... 49
FINDINGS ............................................................................................... 49
Introduction......................................................................................................... 50
Overall Ethnic Composition of Employees in Parastatals ............................................... 50
Ethnic Representation in Parastatal Employment in Comparison with National Population 52
State Corporations as Big Employers ........................................................................ 55
Individual Compliance among Parastatals ................................................................. 61
Compliant Institutions ................................................................................. 61
Contravening Institutions ............................................................................. 67
Diversity in Parastatals .......................................................................................... 70
Diversity among CEOs of Parastatals ........................................................................ 75
Financial Allocation vs Ethnic Representation in Parastatals ......................................... 85
CHAPTER ............................................................................................... 90
FIVE ....................................................................................................... 90
PARASTATALS THAT ............................................................................... 90
COMPLY WITH THE NCI ........................................................................... 90
ACT, 2008 ................................................................................................ 90
Introduction......................................................................................................... 91
Export Processing Zones Authority ................................................................. 91
Kenya Industrial Estates Limited .................................................................... 92
Kenya Wildlife Service .................................................................................. 93
Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited ............................................................... 94
The National Social Security Fund (NSSF) ......................................................... 95
The National Drought Management Authority (NDMA) ....................................... 97
National Council for Persons with Disability ...................................................... 98
Bomas of Kenya Limited ............................................................................... 99
National Museums of Kenya ........................................................................ 100
National Housing Corporation ..................................................................... 102
Industrial Development Bank Capital Limited (IDB) .......................................... 103
Kenya Medical Training College .................................................................... 104
Kenya Electric Transmission Company (KETRACO) ........................................... 106
Contents Abbreviations ............................................................................................ 20
Acknowledgements...................................................................................... 21
Preface .................................................................................................... 22
Executive Summary .................................................................................... 23
CHAPTER ............................................................................................... 30
ONE ....................................................................................................... 30
BACKGROUND ........................................................................................ 30
Introduction......................................................................................................... 31
Study Purpose and Objectives ................................................................................. 31
Rationale ............................................................................................................ 32
Outcomes ........................................................................................................... 32
Definition of Terms and Concepts ............................................................................ 32
Organization of Chapters ....................................................................................... 34
CHAPTER ............................................................................................... 35
TWO ....................................................................................................... 35
ETHNIC DIVERSITY REQUIREMENTS ........................................................ 35
IN STATE CORPORATIONS ....................................................................... 35
Introduction......................................................................................................... 36
Legal Framework for Parastatals ............................................................................. 36
An inside Look into State Corporations in Kenya ......................................................... 40
METHODOLOGY...................................................................................... 43
Introduction......................................................................................................... 44
Research Design ................................................................................................... 44
Target Population ................................................................................................. 44
Sample Size and Sampling Procedures ...................................................................... 44
Description of Data Collection Instruments ................................................................ 44
Reliability of Research Instrument ........................................................................... 45
Data Analysis Procedure ........................................................................................ 45
Ethical Considerations ........................................................................................... 45
Ethnic Diversity in Kenya ........................................................................................ 45
iv v
National Council for Population and Development ........................................... 107
Kenya Literature Bureau............................................................................. 108
NGO Coordination Board ........................................................................... 109
National Hospital Insurance Fund ................................................................. 111
East African Portland Cement Company ......................................................... 113
Communication Authority of Kenya (CAK) ...................................................... 114
Geothermal Development Company ............................................................. 115
Kenya Tourism Board ................................................................................ 116
Kenya Bureau of Standards ........................................................................ 117
Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) ........................................... 118
Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited (Kenya Re) ........................................ 119
Higher Education Loans Board ..................................................................... 120
Coast Development Authority ..................................................................... 121
Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited......................................................... 122
Tourism Fund .......................................................................................... 123
Energy Regulatory Commission ................................................................... 124
Kenya Utalii College .................................................................................. 125
Kenya National Trading Corporation ............................................................. 127
National Biosafety Authority ....................................................................... 128
Kenya Urban Roads Authority ..................................................................... 129
National Construction Authority .................................................................. 130
Anti FGM Board ........................................................................................ 131
Rural Electrification Authority...................................................................... 132
Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Authority (AFFA) ............................................. 133
Kenya Film Classification Board .................................................................... 134
Agricultural Finance Corporation (AFC) .......................................................... 135
Kenya Academy of Sports ........................................................................... 137
Kenya Veterinary Board ............................................................................. 138
National Youth Service ............................................................................... 138
Kenya Airports Authority ............................................................................ 140
Kenya Forest Service ................................................................................. 142
National Quality Control Laboratories ........................................................... 143
Youth Enterprise Development Fund ............................................................ 144
Local Authorities Provident Fund (LAPFUND).................................................. 145
v
Kenya National Highways Authority .............................................................. 146
Kenya National commission for UNESCO ........................................................ 147
Policy Holders Compensation Fund ............................................................... 148
Kenya Industrial Property Institute ............................................................... 148
Jomo Kenyatta Foundation ......................................................................... 149
Kenya Tourist Development Corporation ....................................................... 150
Pest Control Products Board ....................................................................... 151
Kenya Water Tower Agency ........................................................................ 152
Tourism Finance Corporation ...................................................................... 153
Kenya Maritime Authority ........................................................................... 155
Railway Training Institute .......................................................................... 156
Kenya National Examination Council ............................................................. 157
Postal Corporation in Kenya ....................................................................... 158
Kenya Investment Authority ....................................................................... 159
Water Resources Management Authority ...................................................... 160
Kenya Copyright Board .............................................................................. 162
Senior staff ............................................................................................. 162
National Oil Corporation of Kenya ................................................................ 163
Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited .................................................. 164
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics .............................................................. 165
Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute ............................................... 167
Kenya Broadcasting Corporation .................................................................. 168
Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund ....................................................... 169
Kenya National Shipping Line Limited ............................................................ 170
Water Appeal Board .................................................................................. 171
Tourism Regulatory Authority ..................................................................... 171
Kenya Medical Research Institute ................................................................. 172
Capital Markets Authority ........................................................................... 173
Coffee Development Fund .......................................................................... 174
Kenya Pipeline Company ............................................................................ 175
Kenya Medical Supplies Agency (KEMSA) ....................................................... 177
National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation ........................................... 178
Kenya Civil Aviation Authority ...................................................................... 179
Kenya Leather Development Council ............................................................. 181
National Council for Population and Development ........................................... 107
Kenya Literature Bureau............................................................................. 108
NGO Coordination Board ........................................................................... 109
National Hospital Insurance Fund ................................................................. 111
East African Portland Cement Company ......................................................... 113
Communication Authority of Kenya (CAK) ...................................................... 114
Geothermal Development Company ............................................................. 115
Kenya Tourism Board ................................................................................ 116
Kenya Bureau of Standards ........................................................................ 117
Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) ........................................... 118
Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited (Kenya Re) ........................................ 119
Higher Education Loans Board ..................................................................... 120
Coast Development Authority ..................................................................... 121
Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited......................................................... 122
Tourism Fund .......................................................................................... 123
Energy Regulatory Commission ................................................................... 124
Kenya Utalii College .................................................................................. 125
Kenya National Trading Corporation ............................................................. 127
National Biosafety Authority ....................................................................... 128
Kenya Urban Roads Authority ..................................................................... 129
National Construction Authority .................................................................. 130
Anti FGM Board ........................................................................................ 131
Rural Electrification Authority...................................................................... 132
Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Authority (AFFA) ............................................. 133
Kenya Film Classification Board .................................................................... 134
Agricultural Finance Corporation (AFC) .......................................................... 135
Kenya Academy of Sports ........................................................................... 137
Kenya Veterinary Board ............................................................................. 138
National Youth Service ............................................................................... 138
Kenya Airports Authority ............................................................................ 140
Kenya Forest Service ................................................................................. 142
National Quality Control Laboratories ........................................................... 143
Youth Enterprise Development Fund ............................................................ 144
Local Authorities Provident Fund (LAPFUND).................................................. 145
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Public Procurement Oversight Authority ........................................................ 182
Kenya Law Reform Commission ................................................................... 183
Kenya Railways Corporation ....................................................................... 183
Retirement Benefits Authority ..................................................................... 185
National Environment Management Authority ................................................ 185
Women Enterprise Fund ............................................................................. 186
National Council for Law Reporting (NCLR) .................................................... 187
Anti-Counterfeit Agency ............................................................................ 188
Kenya National Library Services ................................................................... 189
Export Promotion Council .......................................................................... 190
Tana and Athi Rivers Development Authority (TARDA) ...................................... 191
Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration .................................................... 192
National Crime Research Centre ................................................................... 193
Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) .............................. 194
National AIDs Control Council ...................................................................... 195
Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board ................................................................... 196
Numerical Machining Complex .................................................................... 197
Insurance Regulatory Authority ................................................................... 198
KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority ..................................................... 199
Sports Stadia Management Board ................................................................ 199
Development Bank of Kenya ....................................................................... 200
Water Services Trust Fund .......................................................................... 201
Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute ...................................... 202
Sacco Society Regulatory Authority .............................................................. 203
Kenya Revenue Authority ........................................................................... 204
Senior staff ............................................................................................. 205
Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) ........................................... 206
Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority (UFAA) ................................................. 207
Commission for University Education ............................................................ 208
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization ................................... 208
Privatization Commission ........................................................................... 210
Kenya Forestry Research Institute ................................................................ 211
Kenya University and College Central Placement Service ................................... 212
Kenya Water Institute ................................................................................ 213
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Consolidated Bank of Kenya Limited ............................................................. 213
Kengen .................................................................................................. 215
National Transport and Safety Association ..................................................... 216
Kenya Dairy Board .................................................................................... 217
National Council for Science, Technology and Innovation .................................. 218
Kenya Institute of Special Education ............................................................. 219
National Cereals and Produce Board ............................................................. 221
Kenya National Hospital ............................................................................. 222
Kenya Yearbook ....................................................................................... 223
National Council for Children’s Services ......................................................... 224
Industrial Property Tribunal ........................................................................ 224
Kenya Film Commission .............................................................................. 225
National Environment Trust Fund ................................................................. 226
CHAPTER ............................................................................................. 227
SIX ....................................................................................................... 227
PARASTATALS THAT ............................................................................. 227
CONTRAVENE THE NCI .......................................................................... 227
ACT, 2008 .............................................................................................. 227
Introduction....................................................................................................... 228
Nzoia Sugar Company ................................................................................ 228
Kerio Valley Development Authority ............................................................. 229
South Nyanza Sugar Company (Sony Sugar) .................................................. 230
Tana Water Services .................................................................................. 231
Mumias Sugar Company ............................................................................. 231
Tanathi Water Services Board ...................................................................... 232
Lake Victoria North Water Service Board....................................................... 233
Muhoroni Sugar Company .......................................................................... 234
Golf Hotel Kakamega ................................................................................. 234
Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital .............................................................. 235
Lake Victoria South Water Service Board........................................................ 236
Kenya Building Research Centre ................................................................... 237
Coast Water Services Board ........................................................................ 237
Agro-Chemicals and Food Company Ltd ......................................................... 239
Public Procurement Oversight Authority ........................................................ 182
Kenya Law Reform Commission ................................................................... 183
Kenya Railways Corporation ....................................................................... 183
Retirement Benefits Authority ..................................................................... 185
National Environment Management Authority ................................................ 185
Women Enterprise Fund ............................................................................. 186
National Council for Law Reporting (NCLR) .................................................... 187
Anti-Counterfeit Agency ............................................................................ 188
Kenya National Library Services ................................................................... 189
Export Promotion Council .......................................................................... 190
Tana and Athi Rivers Development Authority (TARDA) ...................................... 191
Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration .................................................... 192
National Crime Research Centre ................................................................... 193
Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) .............................. 194
National AIDs Control Council ...................................................................... 195
Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board ................................................................... 196
Numerical Machining Complex .................................................................... 197
Insurance Regulatory Authority ................................................................... 198
KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority ..................................................... 199
Sports Stadia Management Board ................................................................ 199
Development Bank of Kenya ....................................................................... 200
Water Services Trust Fund .......................................................................... 201
Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute ...................................... 202
Sacco Society Regulatory Authority .............................................................. 203
Kenya Revenue Authority ........................................................................... 204
Senior staff ............................................................................................. 205
Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) ........................................... 206
Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority (UFAA) ................................................. 207
Commission for University Education ............................................................ 208
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization ................................... 208
Privatization Commission ........................................................................... 210
Kenya Forestry Research Institute ................................................................ 211
Kenya University and College Central Placement Service ................................... 212
Kenya Water Institute ................................................................................ 213
viii ix
Kenya Accountants and Secretaries National Examinations Board ....................... 239
Bukura Agricultural College ......................................................................... 241
Kenya Institute of Supplies Management ....................................................... 242
Lake Basin Development Authority ............................................................... 242
Kenya Ferry Services ................................................................................. 243
EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority .................................................... 244
Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation ......................................................... 245
EwasoNgiro South Development Authority .................................................... 246
Rift Valley Water Services Board .................................................................. 247
Chemelil Sugar Company ............................................................................ 248
Kenya Seed Company ................................................................................ 249
Centre for Mathematics, Science and Technology ............................................ 250
Kenya National Assurance .......................................................................... 251
School Equipment Production Unit ............................................................... 251
Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre ....................................................... 252
Kenya Ports Authority ............................................................................... 253
Kenya Meat Commission ............................................................................ 254
Nyayo Tea Zone Development Corporation .................................................... 256
Institute of Human Resource Management .................................................... 256
Kenya Sugar Research Foundation ............................................................... 257
Kenya School of Government ...................................................................... 258
Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development ................................................... 259
National Authority for the Campaign Against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA) ... 260
Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute ................................................ 261
Competition Authority of Kenya ................................................................... 262
Kenya Post Office Savings Bank ................................................................... 263
Kenya Institute of Mass Communication ........................................................ 265
Kenya Rural Roads Authority ....................................................................... 266
Athi Water Services Board .......................................................................... 267
Kenya Accreditation Service ........................................................................ 268
Brand Kenya Board ................................................................................... 268
Community Development Trust Fund ............................................................ 269
Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) ................................................... 270
Council for Legal Education ......................................................................... 271
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Agricultural Development Corporation .......................................................... 272
National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI) ............. 273
Kenya Vision 2030 Board ............................................................................ 274
Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) ........................ 275
Micro and Small Enterprise Authority ............................................................ 276
Kenya Roads Board ................................................................................... 277
Kenya School of Law (KSL) ......................................................................... 278
New KCC ................................................................................................ 279
CHAPTER ............................................................................................. 281
SEVEN .................................................................................................. 281
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS ..................................................................... 281
AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................................... 281
Introduction....................................................................................................... 282
Emerging Issues ................................................................................................. 282
Recommendations from the study ......................................................................... 283
Kenya Accountants and Secretaries National Examinations Board ....................... 239
Bukura Agricultural College ......................................................................... 241
Kenya Institute of Supplies Management ....................................................... 242
Lake Basin Development Authority ............................................................... 242
Kenya Ferry Services ................................................................................. 243
EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority .................................................... 244
Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation ......................................................... 245
EwasoNgiro South Development Authority .................................................... 246
Rift Valley Water Services Board .................................................................. 247
Chemelil Sugar Company ............................................................................ 248
Kenya Seed Company ................................................................................ 249
Centre for Mathematics, Science and Technology ............................................ 250
Kenya National Assurance .......................................................................... 251
School Equipment Production Unit ............................................................... 251
Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre ....................................................... 252
Kenya Ports Authority ............................................................................... 253
Kenya Meat Commission ............................................................................ 254
Nyayo Tea Zone Development Corporation .................................................... 256
Institute of Human Resource Management .................................................... 256
Kenya Sugar Research Foundation ............................................................... 257
Kenya School of Government ...................................................................... 258
Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development ................................................... 259
National Authority for the Campaign Against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA) ... 260
Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute ................................................ 261
Competition Authority of Kenya ................................................................... 262
Kenya Post Office Savings Bank ................................................................... 263
Kenya Institute of Mass Communication ........................................................ 265
Kenya Rural Roads Authority ....................................................................... 266
Athi Water Services Board .......................................................................... 267
Kenya Accreditation Service ........................................................................ 268
Brand Kenya Board ................................................................................... 268
Community Development Trust Fund ............................................................ 269
Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) ................................................... 270
Council for Legal Education ......................................................................... 271
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List of Tables Table 1: General Ethnic Composition of Employees in Parastatals ................................. 50 Table 2: The Variance between representation in parastatal employment and national population ...................................................................................................... 52 Table 3: Number of employees in each State Corporation .......................................... 56 Table 4: Parastatals 2015/16 that have complied with the NCI Act 2008 ........................ 62 Table 5: Parastatals 2015/16 that have contravened the NCI Act ................................. 68 Table 6: Representation of Parastatals 2015/16 with the Number of ethnic groups ........... 70 Table 7: Ethnic Groups of Parastatal Heads ............................................................. 76 Table 8: The Ethnic Affiliation of Parastatals Heads.................................................. 76 Table 9: Gross Estimates 2016/2017 vs Highest Ethnic Group in Parastatals 86 Table 10: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 91 Table 11: Ethnic representation of senior staff in EPZA ................................. 92 Table 12: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KIE ............................................... 92 Table 13: Ethnic representation of senior staff at KIE .................................... 93 Table 14: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ........................................................ 93 Table 15: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KWS ............................................... 94 Table 16: Ethnic distribution of Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited staff ...................... 95 Table 17: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at the Kenya Petroleum Refineries ...................................................................................................... 95 Table 18: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ....................................................... 96 Table 19: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NSSF .............................................. 97 Table 20: Ethnic Staff Composition at NDMA ........................................................... 97 Table 21: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NDMA ............................................. 98 Table 22: NCPWD Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ............................................ 99 Table 23: Ethnic representation of highest ethnic group at NCPWD .............................. 99 Table 24: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ....................................................... 99 Table 25: Ethnic representation of senior staff at Bomas .......................................... 100 Table 26: Ethnic distribution of National Museum staff ............................................ 101 Table 27: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NMK ............................................ 101 Table 28: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 102 Table 29: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NHC ............................................. 102 Table 30: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 103 Table 31: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at IDB .............................................. 103 Table 32: KMTC Staff Distribution by Ethnic Group .................................................... 104 Table 33: Ethnic representation of senior staff at KMTC ........................................... 105 Table 34: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at TVETA .......................................... 106 Table 35: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group of KETRACO Staff ............................. 106 Table 36: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KETRACO...................................... 107 Table 37: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 107
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Table 38: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NCPD ........................................... 108 Table 39: KLB Ethnic Representation among Staff .................................................... 108 Table 40: Ethnic representation of senior staff at KLB ............................................. 109 Table 41: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 110 Table 42: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NGO Coordination Board .................. 110 Table 43: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NG-CDF ......................................... 111 Table 44: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at NHIF .......................................... 112 Table 45: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NHIF ............................................ 113 Table 46: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 113 Table 47: Ethnic representation of senior staff at EAPC ............................................ 114 Table 48: Ethnic representation of senior staff at CAK ............................................. 115 Table 49: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ...................................................... 115 Table 50: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at GDC ............................................. 116 Table 51: Ethnic distribution of KTB staff ............................................................... 117 Table 52: Ethnic representation of senior staff at KTB .............................................. 117 Table 53: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KEBS .......................................... 118 Table 54: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 118 Table 55: Ethnic representation of senior staff at IPOA ............................................ 119 Table 56: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 120 Table 57: Ethnic representation of senior staff at Kenya Re....................................... 120 Table 58: Ethnic profiling of staff at HELB ............................................................ 121 Table 59: Ethnic Representation among Senior Staff at HELB ..................... 121 Table 60: Staff Ethnic Balancing in CODA ................................................................ 122 Table 61: Ethnic representation of senior staff at CDA ............................................. 122 Table 62: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Ltd ........... 122 Table 63: Ethnic representation of senior staff at KSLH ............................................ 123 Table 64: Ethnic composition of Staff at the Tourism Fund ....................................... 124 Table 65: Ethnic Composition of Senior Staff at Tourism Fund .................... 124 Table 66: Ethnic Composition of General Staff at ERC ............................................... 125 Table 67: Ethnic representation of senior staff at ERC ............................................. 125 Table 68: Ethnic profiling among staff at the Utalii College ....................................... 126 Table 69: Ethnic representation of senior staff At Utalii College ................................. 126 Table 70: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 127 Table 71: Ethnic representation of senior staff at KNTC ............................................ 128 Table 72: NBA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ............................................... 128 Table 73: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NBA ............................................. 129 Table 74: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 129 Table 75: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KURA ........................................... 130 Table 76: NCA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................. 130 Table 77: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NCA ............................................. 131
List of Tables Table 1: General Ethnic Composition of Employees in Parastatals ................................. 50 Table 2: The Variance between representation in parastatal employment and national population ...................................................................................................... 52 Table 3: Number of employees in each State Corporation .......................................... 56 Table 4: Parastatals 2015/16 that have complied with the NCI Act 2008 ........................ 62 Table 5: Parastatals 2015/16 that have contravened the NCI Act ................................. 68 Table 6: Representation of Parastatals 2015/16 with the Number of ethnic groups ........... 70 Table 7: Ethnic Groups of Parastatal Heads ............................................................. 76 Table 8: The Ethnic Affiliation of Parastatals Heads.................................................. 76 Table 9: Gross Estimates 2016/2017 vs Highest Ethnic Group in Parastatals 86 Table 10: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 91 Table 11: Ethnic representation of senior staff in EPZA ................................. 92 Table 12: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KIE ............................................... 92 Table 13: Ethnic representation of senior staff at KIE .................................... 93 Table 14: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ........................................................ 93 Table 15: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KWS ............................................... 94 Table 16: Ethnic distribution of Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited staff ...................... 95 Table 17: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at the Kenya Petroleum Refineries ...................................................................................................... 95 Table 18: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ....................................................... 96 Table 19: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NSSF .............................................. 97 Table 20: Ethnic Staff Composition at NDMA ........................................................... 97 Table 21: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NDMA ............................................. 98 Table 22: NCPWD Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ............................................ 99 Table 23: Ethnic representation of highest ethnic group at NCPWD .............................. 99 Table 24: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ....................................................... 99 Table 25: Ethnic representation of senior staff at Bomas .......................................... 100 Table 26: Ethnic distribution of National Museum staff ............................................ 101 Table 27: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NMK ............................................ 101 Table 28: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 102 Table 29: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NHC ............................................. 102 Table 30: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 103 Table 31: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at IDB .............................................. 103 Table 32: KMTC Staff Distribution by Ethnic Group .................................................... 104 Table 33: Ethnic representation of senior staff at KMTC ........................................... 105 Table 34: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at TVETA .......................................... 106 Table 35: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group of KETRACO Staff ............................. 106 Table 36: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KETRACO...................................... 107 Table 37: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 107
xii xiii
Table 78: Ethnic representation of senior staff ....................................................... 131 Table 79: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 132 Table 80: Ethnic representation of senior staff at REA ............................................. 132 Table 81: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ...................................................... 133 Table 82: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at AFFA ........................................... 134 Table 83: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 135 Table 84: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KFCB ........................................... 135 Table 85: AFC Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................. 136 Table 86: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at AFC ............................................. 136 Table 87: Ethnic representation of senior staff at KAS ............................................. 137 Table 88: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KVB ............................................. 138 Table 89: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the NYS ................................................... 139 Table 90: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NYS ............................................. 140 Table 91: Kenya Airports Authority Staff Ethnic Distribution ........................................ 140 Table 92: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KAA ............................................. 141 Table 93: Kenya Forest Service Staff Ethnic Audit ..................................................... 142 Table 94: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KFS ............................................. 143 Table 95: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NQCL ........................................... 144 Table 96: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 144 Table 97: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at YEDF ........................................... 145 Table 98: Ethnic Composition of staff at LAPFUND .................................................... 145 Table 99: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at Lapfund ....................................... 146 Table 100: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 146 Table 101: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KENHA ........................................ 147 Table 102: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KNATCOM ................................... 148 Table 103: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ...................................................... 148 Table 104: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at PHCF .......................................... 148 Table 105: KIPI Ethnic Representation among Staff ................................................... 149 Table 106: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KIPI ............................................ 149 Table 107: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 150 Table 108: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at JKF ............................... 150 Table 109: Ethnic composition of staff at KTDC ...................................................... 151 Table 110: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KTDC .......................................... 151 Table 111: Pest Control Products Board Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ........... 152 Table 112: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at PCPB ........................................... 152 Table 113: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 153 Table 114: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KWTA.......................................... 153 Table 115: Ethnic distribution of TFC staff ............................................................... 154 Table 116: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at TFC ............................................. 154
xiii
Table 117: KMA Staff Distribution by Ethnic Group .................................................... 155 Table 118: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KMA ........................................... 155 Table 119: Ethnic Profiling of Staff at RTI ............................................................... 156 Table 120: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at RTI ............................................. 156 Table 121: KNEC Ethnic Representation among Staff .................................................. 157 Table 122: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KNEC .......................................... 157 Table 123: Ethnic Composition among staff at the Postal Corporation of Kenya ........... 158 Table 124: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at Postal Corp .................................. 159 Table 125: Employee Ethnic Representation at the Kenya Investment Authority ................ 160 Table 126: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KIA ........................................... 160 Table 127: Ethic Representation among Senior Staff at WARMA................................. 161 Table 128: Staff Representation by Ethnic Groups in the Kenya Copyright Board ............... 162 Table 129: Ethnic Representation in the Senior Management of Kenya Copyright Board .. 163 Table 130: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 163 Table 131: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at National Oil Corp ... 164 Table 132: KPLC Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ............................................... 164 Table 133: Ethnic Profiling of senior staff at KPLC ................................................... 165 Table 134: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 166 Table 135: Ethnic Representation among Seior staff at KNBS..................................... 166 Table 136: Ethnic distribution of general staff at KEVAVAPI ....................................... 167 Table 137: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEVAVAPI ............................. 167 Table 138: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 168 Table 139: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KBC ..................................... 169 Table 140: Ethnic distribution of SFRTF staff ........................................................... 169 Table 141: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Street Families Rehabilitation .... 170 Table 142: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 170 Table 143: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNSL ................................... 170 Table 144: Ethnic composition of staff at the Water Appeal Board .............................. 171 Table 145: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Water Appeal Board ................ 171 Table 146: Staff profiling by ethnic group in the Tourism Regulatory Authority .............. 171 Table 147: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 172 Table 148: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEMRI ................................. 173 Table 149: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 173 Table 150: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Capital Markets Authority......... 174 Table 151: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 174 Table 152: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CDF ..................................... 175 Table 153: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 175 Table 154: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KPC ..................................... 176 Table 155: KEMSA Staff Distribution by Ethnic Group ................................................. 177
Table 78: Ethnic representation of senior staff ....................................................... 131 Table 79: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 132 Table 80: Ethnic representation of senior staff at REA ............................................. 132 Table 81: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ...................................................... 133 Table 82: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at AFFA ........................................... 134 Table 83: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 135 Table 84: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KFCB ........................................... 135 Table 85: AFC Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................. 136 Table 86: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at AFC ............................................. 136 Table 87: Ethnic representation of senior staff at KAS ............................................. 137 Table 88: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KVB ............................................. 138 Table 89: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the NYS ................................................... 139 Table 90: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NYS ............................................. 140 Table 91: Kenya Airports Authority Staff Ethnic Distribution ........................................ 140 Table 92: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KAA ............................................. 141 Table 93: Kenya Forest Service Staff Ethnic Audit ..................................................... 142 Table 94: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KFS ............................................. 143 Table 95: Ethnic representation of senior staff at NQCL ........................................... 144 Table 96: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 144 Table 97: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at YEDF ........................................... 145 Table 98: Ethnic Composition of staff at LAPFUND .................................................... 145 Table 99: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at Lapfund ....................................... 146 Table 100: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 146 Table 101: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KENHA ........................................ 147 Table 102: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KNATCOM ................................... 148 Table 103: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ...................................................... 148 Table 104: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at PHCF .......................................... 148 Table 105: KIPI Ethnic Representation among Staff ................................................... 149 Table 106: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KIPI ............................................ 149 Table 107: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 150 Table 108: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at JKF ............................... 150 Table 109: Ethnic composition of staff at KTDC ...................................................... 151 Table 110: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KTDC .......................................... 151 Table 111: Pest Control Products Board Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ........... 152 Table 112: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at PCPB ........................................... 152 Table 113: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 153 Table 114: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KWTA.......................................... 153 Table 115: Ethnic distribution of TFC staff ............................................................... 154 Table 116: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at TFC ............................................. 154
14 15
Table 156: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEMSA .............................. 178 Table 157: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 178 Table 158: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NWPC ............................... 179 Table 159: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KCAA ......................................... 180 Table 160: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KCCA ................................ 180 Table 161: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KLDC .................................... 181 Table 162: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 182 Table 163: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at PPOA ................................... 182 Table 164: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group...................................................... 183 Table 165: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KLRC ................................... 183 Table 166: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 184 Table 167: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KRC ..................................... 184 Table 168: RBA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ............................................. 185 Table 169: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at RBA .................................... 185 Table 170: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 186 Table 171: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NEMA ................................... 186 Table 172: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Women Enterprise Fund ........................... 187 Table 173: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at WEF ..................................... 187 Table 174: Staff Ethnic Composition at the NCLR .................................................... 188 Table 175: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCLR ................................... 188 Table 176: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 188 Table 177: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ACA ..................................... 189 Table 178: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 189 Table 179: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNLS ................................... 190 Table 180: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ...................................................... 191 Table 181: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at EPC ...................................... 191 Table 182: Ethnic profiling among staff at TARDA ..................................................... 191 Table 183: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at TARDA ................................. 192 Table 184: Ethnic Representation of staff at the Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration ................................................................................................................... 192 Table 185: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Centre ............................ 193 Table 186: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 193 Table 187: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCRC ............................... 194 Table 188: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 194 Table 189: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ICDC .................................... 195 Table 190: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 195 Table 191: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACC ................................... 196 Table 192: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KNEB ...................................................... 196 Table 193: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNEB ................................... 197
15
Table 194: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 197 Table 195: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NMC .................................... 198 Table 196: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 198 Table 197: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at IRA ...................................... 198 Table 198: Konza Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ............................................. 199 Table 199: Ethnic composition at the Sports Stadia ................................................. 199 Table 200: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Sports Stadia ........................ 200 Table 201: Ethnic Representation among staff at DBK.............................................. 200 Table 202: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at DBK .................................... 201 Table 203: water Services Trust Fund Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................... 201 Table 204: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at WSTF .................................. 202 Table 205: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 202 Table 206: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KIRDI .................................. 203 Table 207: Staff ethnic balancing at SASRA ........................................................... 203 Table 208: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at SASRA ................................. 204 Table 209: KRA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................ 204 Table 210: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KRA ..................................... 205 Table 211: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ..................................................... 206 Table 212: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEPHIS ................................. 206 Table 213: Ethnic Representation among Staff at UFAA ............................................ 207 Table 214: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at UFAA ................................... 207 Table 215: Ethnic Profiling of Staff at CUE ............................................................... 208 Table 216: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CUE ..................................... 208 Table 217: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 209 Table 218: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KALRO ................................. 210 Table 219: Ethnic Composition among staff at the Privatization Commission ................. 210 Table 220: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Privatization Commission ......... 210 Table 221: KEFRI Staff Distribution by Ethnic Group ................................................... 211 Table 222: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEFRI ................................... 211 Table 223: Ethnic Representation among staff at KUCCPS ..................................... 212 Table 224: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KUCCPS ............................... 212 Table 225: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 213 Table 226: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEWI ................................... 213 Table 227: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 214 Table 228: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CBK ..................................... 214 Table 229: Ethnic Representation among staff at KENGEN .................................... 215 Table 230: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KENGEN ............................... 216 Table 231: Ethnic distribution of NTSA staff ........................................................... 216 Table 232: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NTSA ................................... 217
Table 156: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEMSA .............................. 178 Table 157: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 178 Table 158: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NWPC ............................... 179 Table 159: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KCAA ......................................... 180 Table 160: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KCCA ................................ 180 Table 161: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KLDC .................................... 181 Table 162: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 182 Table 163: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at PPOA ................................... 182 Table 164: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group...................................................... 183 Table 165: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KLRC ................................... 183 Table 166: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 184 Table 167: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KRC ..................................... 184 Table 168: RBA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ............................................. 185 Table 169: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at RBA .................................... 185 Table 170: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 186 Table 171: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NEMA ................................... 186 Table 172: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Women Enterprise Fund ........................... 187 Table 173: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at WEF ..................................... 187 Table 174: Staff Ethnic Composition at the NCLR .................................................... 188 Table 175: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCLR ................................... 188 Table 176: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 188 Table 177: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ACA ..................................... 189 Table 178: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 189 Table 179: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNLS ................................... 190 Table 180: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ...................................................... 191 Table 181: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at EPC ...................................... 191 Table 182: Ethnic profiling among staff at TARDA ..................................................... 191 Table 183: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at TARDA ................................. 192 Table 184: Ethnic Representation of staff at the Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration ................................................................................................................... 192 Table 185: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Centre ............................ 193 Table 186: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 193 Table 187: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCRC ............................... 194 Table 188: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 194 Table 189: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ICDC .................................... 195 Table 190: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 195 Table 191: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACC ................................... 196 Table 192: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KNEB ...................................................... 196 Table 193: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNEB ................................... 197
16 17
Table 233: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KDB .................................... 218 Table 234: Ethnic Composition among staff at NACOSTI........................................... 219 Table 235: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACOSTI .............................. 219 Table 236: Ethnic Staff Distribution at KISE ............................................................. 220 Table 237: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KISE .................................... 220 Table 238: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 221 Table 239: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCPB ................................... 221 Table 240: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KNH ......................................................... 222 Table 241: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNH .................................... 223 Table 242: Ethnic composition of staff at the Kenya Yearbook ................................... 223 Table 243: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Kenya Yearbook .................... 224 Table 244: Ethnic profiling of staff at the NCCS ...................................................... 224 Table 245: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCCS ................................... 224 Table 246: Composition of Staff at IPI by ethnicity .................................................. 225 Table 247: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at IPI ....................................... 225 Table 248: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Kenya Film Commission ........................ 225 Table 249: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KFC ..................................... 225 Table 250: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 226 Table 251: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NETFUND ............................. 226 Table 252: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 228 Table 253: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Nzoia Sugar Company ............. 228 Table 254: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 229 Table 255: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KVDA ................................... 230 Table 256: The Composition of staff at Sony Sugar by Ethnic Group ............................... 230 Table 257: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Sony Sugar ........................... 230 Table 258: Ethnic Composition of Staff at Tana Water Services .................................. 231 Table 259: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at TWSB .................................. 231 Table 260: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 232 Table 261: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Mumias Sugar Company ........... 232 Table 262: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at TANATHI .................................... 233 Table 263: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at TANATHI .............................. 233 Table 264: The Ethnic Composition of Staff at LVNWSB .......................................... 233 Table 265: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at LVNWSB .............................. 234 Table 266: Ethnic Composition of Staff at Muhoroni Sugar Company .......................... 234 Table 267: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Muhoroni Sugar Company ........ 234 Table 268: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Golf Hotel ............................ 235 Table 269: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group in MTRH........................................ 235 Table 270: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at MTRH .................................. 236 Table 271: Ethnic distribution of LVSWSB staff ....................................................... 237
17
Table 272: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at the Kenya Building Research Centre . 237 Table 273: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KBRC ................................... 237 Table 274: Ethnic Composition in the Staffing of Coast Water Services Board ............... 238 Table 275: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CWSB .................................. 238 Table 276: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 239 Table 277: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ACFC ................................... 239 Table 278: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KASNEB .................................................. 240 Table 279: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KASNEB ............................... 240 Table 280: Ethnic Distribution of Bukura Agricultural College Staff ............................. 241 Table 281: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Bukura Agricultural College....... 241 Table 282: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KISM ........................................... 242 Table 283: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KISM ................................... 242 Table 284: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 242 Table 285: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at LBDA ................................... 243 Table 286: KFS Staff Distribution by Ethnic Groups ................................................. 243 Table 287: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KFS ..................................... 244 Table 288: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 244 Table 289: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ENNDA ................................ 245 Table 290: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 245 Table 291: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KOFC ................................... 246 Table 292: Ethnic composition of staff in ENSDA .................................................... 246 Table 293: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ENSDA ................................. 247 Table 294: Ethnic Balance among Staff at the Rift Valley Water Services Board ............. 247 Table 295: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at RVWSB ................................ 248 Table 296: Ethnic Profiling of Staff at Chemelil Sugar Co. .......................................... 248 Table 297: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Chemelil Sugar Company ......... 249 Table 298: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 249 Table 299: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Kenya Seed Company ........ 250 Table 300: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 250 Table 301: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CEMASTEA ............................ 250 Table 302: Kenya National Assurance Company Staff Ethnic Group Distribution by Percentage .................................................................................................... 251 Table 303: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNA .................................... 251 Table 304: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 251 Table 305: Senior staff ..................................................................................... 252 Table 306: KAGRC Employee Ethnic Audit by Ethnic Groups ..................................... 252 Table 307: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KAGRC ................................. 253 Table 308: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Kenya Ports Authority ............................. 253 Table 309: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KPA .................................... 254
Table 233: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KDB .................................... 218 Table 234: Ethnic Composition among staff at NACOSTI........................................... 219 Table 235: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACOSTI .............................. 219 Table 236: Ethnic Staff Distribution at KISE ............................................................. 220 Table 237: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KISE .................................... 220 Table 238: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 221 Table 239: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCPB ................................... 221 Table 240: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KNH ......................................................... 222 Table 241: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNH .................................... 223 Table 242: Ethnic composition of staff at the Kenya Yearbook ................................... 223 Table 243: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Kenya Yearbook .................... 224 Table 244: Ethnic profiling of staff at the NCCS ...................................................... 224 Table 245: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCCS ................................... 224 Table 246: Composition of Staff at IPI by ethnicity .................................................. 225 Table 247: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at IPI ....................................... 225 Table 248: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Kenya Film Commission ........................ 225 Table 249: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KFC ..................................... 225 Table 250: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 226 Table 251: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NETFUND ............................. 226 Table 252: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 228 Table 253: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Nzoia Sugar Company ............. 228 Table 254: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 229 Table 255: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KVDA ................................... 230 Table 256: The Composition of staff at Sony Sugar by Ethnic Group ............................... 230 Table 257: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Sony Sugar ........................... 230 Table 258: Ethnic Composition of Staff at Tana Water Services .................................. 231 Table 259: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at TWSB .................................. 231 Table 260: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 232 Table 261: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Mumias Sugar Company ........... 232 Table 262: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at TANATHI .................................... 233 Table 263: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at TANATHI .............................. 233 Table 264: The Ethnic Composition of Staff at LVNWSB .......................................... 233 Table 265: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at LVNWSB .............................. 234 Table 266: Ethnic Composition of Staff at Muhoroni Sugar Company .......................... 234 Table 267: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Muhoroni Sugar Company ........ 234 Table 268: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Golf Hotel ............................ 235 Table 269: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group in MTRH........................................ 235 Table 270: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at MTRH .................................. 236 Table 271: Ethnic distribution of LVSWSB staff ....................................................... 237
18 19
Table 310: Ethnic composition of staff at KMC ....................................................... 255 Table 311: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KMC ..................................... 255 Table 312: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at the Nyayo Tea Zones ..................... 256 Table 313: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Nyayo Tea Zones .................... 256 Table 314: Ethnic Representation among staff at IHRM ........................................ 257 Table 315: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at IHRM ................................... 257 Table 316: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 257 Table 317: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KESREF ................................ 258 Table 318: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 258 Table 319: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KSG ..................................... 259 Table 320: Ethnic Representation at the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Studies ............. 259 Table 321: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KICD .................................... 260 Table 322: Ethnic profiling of staff at NACADA ....................................................... 260 Table 323: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACADA............................... 261 Table 324: Staff profiling by ethnicity at KEMFRI .................................................... 261 Table 325: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEMFRI ................................ 262 Table 326: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at Competition Authority ................... 262 Table 327: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Competition Authority of Kenya ................................................................................................................... 263 Table 328: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 263 Table 329: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at PostBank ............................. 264 Table 330: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KIMC ................................ 265 Table 331: Ethnic Representation among staff at KERRA....................................... 266 Table 332: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KERRA ................................. 266 Table 333: Athi Water Services Board Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................. 267 Table 334: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Athi Water Services Board ........ 267 Table 335: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 268 Table 336: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KAS .................................... 268 Table 337: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 269 Table 338: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Brand Kenya Board ................. 269 Table 339: Ethnic Distribution of Community Development Trust Fund Staff.................. 269 Table 340: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CDTF ................................... 270 Table 341: Ethnic distribution of WASREB staff ....................................................... 270 Table 342: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at WASREB .............................. 271 Table 343: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 271 Table 344: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CLE ..................................... 272 Table 345: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at ADC .......................................... 272 Table 346: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ADC ................................. 273 Table 347: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at NACOSTI ..................................... 273
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Table 348: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACOSTI .............................. 274 Table 349: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................................................... 274 Table 350: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Vision 2030 Board .................. 275 Table 351: Ethnic Balance among staff in KIPPRA .................................................... 275 Table 352: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KIPPRA ................................ 276 Table 353: Ethnic distribution of Micro and Small Enterprise Authority staff .................. 276 Table 354: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at MSEA .................................. 277 Table 355: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 277 Table 356: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Kenya Roads Board ........... 277 Table 357: Ethnic Representation among Staff at the Kenya School of Law .................. 278 Table 358: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KSL ..................................... 278 Table 359: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group.................................................... 279 Table 360: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the New KCC......................... 279
Table 310: Ethnic composition of staff at KMC ....................................................... 255 Table 311: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KMC ..................................... 255 Table 312: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at the Nyayo Tea Zones ..................... 256 Table 313: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Nyayo Tea Zones .................... 256 Table 314: Ethnic Representation among staff at IHRM ........................................ 257 Table 315: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at IHRM ................................... 257 Table 316: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 257 Table 317: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KESREF ................................ 258 Table 318: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 258 Table 319: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KSG ..................................... 259 Table 320: Ethnic Representation at the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Studies ............. 259 Table 321: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KICD .................................... 260 Table 322: Ethnic profiling of staff at NACADA ....................................................... 260 Table 323: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACADA............................... 261 Table 324: Staff profiling by ethnicity at KEMFRI .................................................... 261 Table 325: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEMFRI ................................ 262 Table 326: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at Competition Authority ................... 262 Table 327: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Competition Authority of Kenya ................................................................................................................... 263 Table 328: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 263 Table 329: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at PostBank ............................. 264 Table 330: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KIMC ................................ 265 Table 331: Ethnic Representation among staff at KERRA....................................... 266 Table 332: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KERRA ................................. 266 Table 333: Athi Water Services Board Staff Representation by Ethnic Group ................. 267 Table 334: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Athi Water Services Board ........ 267 Table 335: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 268 Table 336: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KAS .................................... 268 Table 337: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 269 Table 338: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Brand Kenya Board ................. 269 Table 339: Ethnic Distribution of Community Development Trust Fund Staff.................. 269 Table 340: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CDTF ................................... 270 Table 341: Ethnic distribution of WASREB staff ....................................................... 270 Table 342: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at WASREB .............................. 271 Table 343: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group .................................................... 271 Table 344: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CLE ..................................... 272 Table 345: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at ADC .......................................... 272 Table 346: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ADC ................................. 273 Table 347: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at NACOSTI ..................................... 273
20 21
Abbreviations
GOE Government Owned Entities ILO International Labour Organisation NCI Act National Cohesion and Integration Act, 2008 NCIC National Cohesion and Integration Commission PPRA Public Procurement Regulatory Authority SCAC State Corporation Advisory Committee SCAT State Corporations Appeal Tribunal SPSS Statistical Package for Social Sciences
21
Acknowledgements
The ‘Ethnic and Diversity Audit of Parastatals’ Report is a product of the analysis of data submitted by Parastatals in Kenya between February 2015 to March 2016. This is to thank all the people who contributed in some way to the work described in this Report. The Commission appreciates the heads of state corporations and their technical staff who supported this work by consolidating data on their employees in the proposed format and submitting it in time for the analysis. Moreover, they availed time to participate in the validation forums which gave the Commission a lot of insight into the emerging issues within state corporation employment. In the same vein, this work would not have been possible without the financial and technical support of SIDA Sweden and UNDP Kenya. I would like to extend my gratitude to NCIC Commissioners who have not only offered strategic leadership, but also crystallized and adopted the policy recommendations in this Report. Special appreciation goes to the members of the Research, Policy and Planning Committee including Comm. Linda Ochiel, Comm. Dr. Joseph Nasongo and Comm. Prof. Gitile Naituli, who fervently supported the process of developing this Report. Last but not least, the Commission takes cognizance of the contributions of its staff, Dr. Sellah King’oro, Jescah Otieno, and Naomi Gichuru, in ensuring the successful completion of this Report. Special thanks also go to the interns in the Research Department within this period. This endeavor would not have been possible without the support of Dr. Benjamin Kituku, Liban Guyo, Kilian Nyambu, Kyalo Mwengi and Millicent Okatch who granted invaluable assistance in data validation.
In spite of the various contributions from the aforementioned, NCIC has made every effort to verify the information in this Report at the time of writing. As such, it retains responsibility for the accuracy of the views expressed and the evidence presented. Hassan S. Mohamed, OGW COMMISSION SECRETARY
Abbreviations
GOE Government Owned Entities ILO International Labour Organisation NCI Act National Cohesion and Integration Act, 2008 NCIC National Cohesion and Integration Commission PPRA Public Procurement Regulatory Authority SCAC State Corporation Advisory Committee SCAT State Corporations Appeal Tribunal SPSS Statistical Package for Social Sciences
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Preface
A glance through the pages of this Report will show that it is an unusual type of publication. It consists largely of names of ethnic groups in Kenya and of numbers, and looks like a tally akin to the national census register. This is the ethnic and diversity audit of State Corporations in Kenya. However, this is no contemporary audit to be likened to the ones undertaken by sociologists such as the Harvard University sociologist Devah Pager who sought to establish whether different races are discriminated against in employment. This study counted all employees of all parastatals to establish the inclusion of the various ethnic communities in Kenya. The establishment of the state corporations in Kenya was driven by a national desire to promote economic development and participation of citizens in it as expressed in the Sessional Paper No. 10 of 1965. A comprehensive review of the Public Enterprises Performance was carried out in 1979 (the Report on the Review of Statutory Boards), 1982 (the Report of the Working Party on Government Expenditures) and 2013 (Presidential Taskforce on Parastatal Reforms). The 2013 process did not only reduce government owned entities to 187 but it also emphasized the establishment of a link between these entities and national development processes. Development in Kenya, and elsewhere, can only be sustainable if inclusion and participation of all ethnic groups is guaranteed. The National Cohesion and Integration Act No. 12 of 2008 underscores the significance of including all persons in economic and social processes. Specifically, it presents a threshold in section 7(2) which seeks to free opportunities for the inclusion of particularly the minority communities in public employment. This Report uses positivist methodologies which rely heavily on scientific evidence to establish the participation of the various ethnic groups in parastatal employment. The numbers, even when interpreted in explaining certain findings, were included to enable the reader arrive at his/her own conclusions or insights that may have escaped the researcher. The Commission shall use these study findings to engage the various stakeholders on execution of specific policy recommendations that will enhance inclusion and fair practices within public employment. Moreover, researchers can use this Report to try and explain why and how the Kenyan society behaves in certain ways. Universities, research institutions and other think tanks are encouraged to churn out research that can help address some of the societal challenges raised in this Report. Hon. Francis Ole Kaparo, EGH, SS COMMISSION CHAIRMAN
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Executive Summary
Kenya is a highly ethnic society. In the past, appointments to public offices have been seen as part of the political instruments used by political powers to assuage and receive support from particular regions. Tribalism is currently a major concern in many institutions with a clear lack of consideration of regional balance in appointments or promotions leading to a growing disproportionate distribution of personnel. To ensure compliance to section 7 of the National Cohesion and Integration Act, 2008 that States in Part that; “All public establishments shall seek to represent the diversity of the people of Kenya in the employment of staff. No public establishment shall have more than one third of its staff from the same ethnic community”, the commission conducted n ethnic audit of all state corporations. The main purpose of the study was to assess the ethnic and diversity representation within the Kenyan state corporations. Specifically, the study sought to:
1. Establish the proportion of various ethnic groups within the state corporations in Kenya
2. Assess the compliance of state corporations with legal provisions on representation of diversity within the workforce
3. Proffer strategies that can be used to develop inclusive employment practices in Kenyan state corporations
Bringing equality and equity to the workplace has significant economic benefits, too. Employers who practice equality and equity have access to a larger and more diverse workforce. Workers who enjoy equality have greater access to training, often receive higher wages, and improve the overall quality of the workforce. Similarly, the benefits of a globalized economy are more fairly distributed in a society with equality and equity, leading to greater social stability and broader public support which are essential for economic development. International Labour Organisation (ILO) standards on equality provide tools to eliminate discrimination in all aspects of the workplace and in society as a whole. The study used the census method to reach out to all state corporations in Kenya included in the 2013 Presidential Task Force on Parastatals Reforms Report. For the purpose of including all communities, this audit used the Housing and Population Census, 2009 to operationalize the ethnic categories. The study demonstrates that the composition of employees in all parastatals is highly diverse. This is the sub-sector with the highest inclusion of minority communities such as the
Preface
A glance through the pages of this Report will show that it is an unusual type of publication. It consists largely of names of ethnic groups in Kenya and of numbers, and looks like a tally akin to the national census register. This is the ethnic and diversity audit of State Corporations in Kenya. However, this is no contemporary audit to be likened to the ones undertaken by sociologists such as the Harvard University sociologist Devah Pager who sought to establish whether different races are discriminated against in employment. This study counted all employees of all parastatals to establish the inclusion of the various ethnic communities in Kenya. The establishment of the state corporations in Kenya was driven by a national desire to promote economic development and participation of citizens in it as expressed in the Sessional Paper No. 10 of 1965. A comprehensive review of the Public Enterprises Performance was carried out in 1979 (the Report on the Review of Statutory Boards), 1982 (the Report of the Working Party on Government Expenditures) and 2013 (Presidential Taskforce on Parastatal Reforms). The 2013 process did not only reduce government owned entities to 187 but it also emphasized the establishment of a link between these entities and national development processes. Development in Kenya, and elsewhere, can only be sustainable if inclusion and participation of all ethnic groups is guaranteed. The National Cohesion and Integration Act No. 12 of 2008 underscores the significance of including all persons in economic and social processes. Specifically, it presents a threshold in section 7(2) which seeks to free opportunities for the inclusion of particularly the minority communities in public employment. This Report uses positivist methodologies which rely heavily on scientific evidence to establish the participation of the various ethnic groups in parastatal employment. The numbers, even when interpreted in explaining certain findings, were included to enable the reader arrive at his/her own conclusions or insights that may have escaped the researcher. The Commission shall use these study findings to engage the various stakeholders on execution of specific policy recommendations that will enhance inclusion and fair practices within public employment. Moreover, researchers can use this Report to try and explain why and how the Kenyan society behaves in certain ways. Universities, research institutions and other think tanks are encouraged to churn out research that can help address some of the societal challenges raised in this Report. Hon. Francis Ole Kaparo, EGH, SS COMMISSION CHAIRMAN
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Gosha, Waat and Dasenach who are rarely found in the other public sub-sectors such as counties, Commissions, Universities and the national mainstream civil service. The first six ethnic groups are also the biggest communities represented by their high proportion in national population. In fact, these communities comprising of the Kikuyu, the Kalenjin, the Luhya, the Luo, the Kamba and the Kisii form 79.9% of parastatal employment. This leaves 20.1% of opportunities available for the over 36 ethnic communities. The sub-sector draws most of their employees from the Kikuyu community who form 20% of the entire workforce. However, this representation of various ethnic groups within parastatal employment seems to follow the ratios in the national population composition. On the overall, the bigger communities seemed to be overrepresented. All communities forming more than 11% of the national population i.e. the Luo, the Kalenjin, Kikuyu and Luhya were overrepresented in parastatal employment by more than 1%. Other over-represented ethnic communities in parastatal employment include the Taita, the Mijikenda, the Embu, the Swahili, the Kisii and the Borana as demonstrated in Table 2 above. A few groups have near-similar proportions in both parastatal employment and national population. These include the Gabbra, Rendille, Kenyan Arab, Taveta, Galla and Sakuye. Contrary to the bigger communities’ representation in employment, the smaller communities’ inclusion in parastatal employment is questionable. The ratios of the following communities in employment of parastatals fell short of their proportion in national population. They include the Somali, Turkana, Kamba, Maasai, Meru, Kuria, Tharaka, Teso, Mbeere, Suba, Samburu, Orma, Gosha, Kenyan Asian, Burji and the Dasenach. Although the parastatals are lauded to be the most inclusive sub-sector given that they have recruited some of the minority communities not seen in the other sub-sectors, they still have missed out on some ethnic groups such as the Leysan among others. Of the 185state corporations surveyed, 129 complied with the NCI Act since the majority ethnic group in their employment did not exceed 33.3%. The study illustrates that state corporations with offices in different counties were more compliant. All the ten most compliant institutions have offices in more than one county. The National Social Security Fund operates in 35 counties while the National Council for Persons with Disabilities have offices in 37 counties.
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Findings show that 65% of the compliant state corporations have drawn the majority of their employees from the Kikuyu ethnic group. This may be attributed to the fact that the Kikuyu are also the majority in national population. However, the representation of the community in any one parastatal where it is a majority is not below its national population percentage, even among the compliant institutions. The least representation of the Kikuyu community is 17.3% in the Kenya Wildlife Service while their national population percentage stands at 17%. The fact that the Kikuyu are the majority in the employment of most institutions and that the community is not underrepresented in any of the offices where they are a majority may the main contributors to their general overrepresentation in state corporations. The study revealed that institutions with inclusion mandates complied with the NCI Act, with one placed at 33.3% edge. These included the National Council for Children’s Services with 33.3%, Kenya Institute of Special Education with 32.7%, Women Enterprise Fund with 27.7%, Youth Enterprise Development Fund with 25.3% and National Council for Persons with Disabilities with 18.0%. In this study, regional Parastatals are state corporations which have mandates that are limited to a part of the country. Most of them are located in the counties. Findings indicated that very few state corporations with regional mandates have complied with the NCI Act. Only two institutions were in the compliant category. These include the KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority and the Northern Water Services Board. On the other hand, the ten worst performing Parastatals in regard to complying with the NCI Act have mandates that cover certain regions or counties and not the whole country. As a result, they draw heavily on the local communities within their operation when it comes to recruitment. For instance the Nzoia Sugar Company which is located in Bungoma County and serves farmers in Bungoma and Kakamega counties has 89% of its employees from the Luhya community while the Kerio Valley Development Authority located in Eldoret has recruited 79.1% of its staff from the Kalenjin community. Findings demonstrated that parastatals that are headquartered in particular regions in the country tend to have more of the locals than any other ethnic representation in the workforce. For instance Kenya Meat Commission which is situated in MachakosCounty, has majority of its staff from the Kamba ethnic community at 41%. EwasoNgiro North Development Authority, head quartered in Isiolo, has 50% of its workforce from the Somali Community. The Agro Chemical and Food Company, which is resident in Nyanza (Kisumu) has 57.9% of its workforce from the Luo community. Lastly, the Athi Water Services has 20 out of the 55 staff from the Kikuyu community.
Gosha, Waat and Dasenach who are rarely found in the other public sub-sectors such as counties, Commissions, Universities and the national mainstream civil service. The first six ethnic groups are also the biggest communities represented by their high proportion in national population. In fact, these communities comprising of the Kikuyu, the Kalenjin, the Luhya, the Luo, the Kamba and the Kisii form 79.9% of parastatal employment. This leaves 20.1% of opportunities available for the over 36 ethnic communities. The sub-sector draws most of their employees from the Kikuyu community who form 20% of the entire workforce. However, this representation of various ethnic groups within parastatal employment seems to follow the ratios in the national population composition. On the overall, the bigger communities seemed to be overrepresented. All communities forming more than 11% of the national population i.e. the Luo, the Kalenjin, Kikuyu and Luhya were overrepresented in parastatal employment by more than 1%. Other over-represented ethnic communities in parastatal employment include the Taita, the Mijikenda, the Embu, the Swahili, the Kisii and the Borana as demonstrated in Table 2 above. A few groups have near-similar proportions in both parastatal employment and national population. These include the Gabbra, Rendille, Kenyan Arab, Taveta, Galla and Sakuye. Contrary to the bigger communities’ representation in employment, the smaller communities’ inclusion in parastatal employment is questionable. The ratios of the following communities in employment of parastatals fell short of their proportion in national population. They include the Somali, Turkana, Kamba, Maasai, Meru, Kuria, Tharaka, Teso, Mbeere, Suba, Samburu, Orma, Gosha, Kenyan Asian, Burji and the Dasenach. Although the parastatals are lauded to be the most inclusive sub-sector given that they have recruited some of the minority communities not seen in the other sub-sectors, they still have missed out on some ethnic groups such as the Leysan among others. Of the 185state corporations surveyed, 129 complied with the NCI Act since the majority ethnic group in their employment did not exceed 33.3%. The study illustrates that state corporations with offices in different counties were more compliant. All the ten most compliant institutions have offices in more than one county. The National Social Security Fund operates in 35 counties while the National Council for Persons with Disabilities have offices in 37 counties.
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The study also revealed that recruitment of regional parastatals incorporated a good neighbourliness principle which saw the inclusion of neighbouring ethnic communities coming in at second or third place. The Tana Water Services Board for instance, which is located in Nyeri, is predominantly Kikuyu but largely includes the neighbouring Meru, Kamba and Embu communities. Another case is the Chemelil Sugar Company, located on the Awasi-Nandi Hills road, which has a majority Luo but incorporates the neighbouring Kalenjin, Luhya and Kisii, in relatively large proportions. While most of the compliant institutions drew most of their employees from the Kikuyu community as demonstrated in Table 4, Table 5 shows a contrary trend among non-compliant institutions. For instance, only one of the ten worst performing institutions i.e. Kenya Building Research Centre has the Kikuyu as the majority with 60%. Although all state corporations must endeavour to comply with section 7(2) of the NCI Act, there are some who must take this call more urgently due to the implications of non-compliance for the country. Value generation and dissemination: The Kenya School of Government and the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development are key institutions in the transmission of values to public servants, current and future generations. Given that representation of diversity is one of the national values and principles of public service, these two institutions ought to lead by example. As a result, their compliance with the NCI Act should be taken as urgent. Fairness and consolidation of Country hood: Parastatals that stand for fairness, promotion of the Kenyan identity and consolidation of country hood should start by being fair and representing the Kenyan people themselves. For example the Competition Authority of Kenya exists to enhance fair competition practices in markets in Kenya. It should therefore adopt fairness in its recruitment to set an example. On the other hand, Brand Kenya Board ought to bring out a positive image and reputation of the Nation. This can be done by allowing the fair participation of all citizens of the different ethnic backgrounds in employment. ‘Illegal Contravention’: It is incomprehensible to imagine that the Judge can violate the very law that he ought to make a decision on in the pursuit of justice. No wonder, we have termed the contravention of the Council of Legal Education as an illegal contravention. The question is how can the institution promote legal education by contravening the very law it seeks to promote? This implies that the Council of Legal Education ought to address this contravention with urgency.
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Despite the arguments surrounding ethnic categorization in Kenya, there is no parastatal that has all the recognized forty two ethnic groups in Kenya. The Kenya Ports Authority has recruited the highest number of ethnic groups i.e. 34. It is followed by the Kenya Forest Service, the Kenya Airports Authority and the Kenya Revenue Authority who all have 30 ethnic groups within their staffing. Moreover, the appointment of CEOs in parastatals has accommodated minority communities such as the Suba, Teso, Turkana and Maasai among others. Nevertheless, the CEOs who are numbering 185 are drawn from only eighteen ethnic groups. This begs the question of whether representation of the face of Kenya as obligated by the Constitution is actually fulfilled especially when over twenty five ethnic groups are excluded from this opportunity while over 40 members are drawn from one ethnic group. Additionally, the study indicated that in over 36.8% of the parastatals, the ethnic group of the largest number of employees is similar to that of the chief executive officer. Kenya Building Research Centre has a CEO from the Kikuyu community and has 9 out of the 15 employees from the same ethnic group, which makes it 60%. The Council of Legal Education (CLE), has a Luhya CEO, and the institution is staffed with 17 employees, 6 being from the Luhya community. The Lake Basin Development Authority, apart from being headquartered in Kisumu, has a Luo CEO, and has recruited 53.5% of its employees from the Luo community. The presence of Kikuyu employees was noted in nearly all institutions. Parastatals that are on either side of the compliance divide have a considerable number of employees from the Kikuyu community and they appear among the first four communities in most institutions. This phenomenon has not left the other big communities far behind. The Luo, Luhya, Kalenjin, Kamba and Kisii are predominant in every parastatal. Close scrutiny of the parastatals under study revealed that occasions when these five ethnicities have missed representation in the workforce is conspicuously noticeable. In the 185 state corporations under review, the Kikuyu are not employed in only four of them, while the Luo and Luhya are not part of only six parastatals each and the Kalenjin are excluded in only seven organizations. For instance, the Kikuyu are not in the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, the Luo in the National Council of Children’s Services, the Luhya in Northern Water Services Board and the Kalenjin in the retirement Benefits Authority among others. This is an interesting finding as it gives the researcher a hint of how mitigations must be designed to dent the hegemonic tendencies of the big five. The Commission made several recommendations on how these inequalities may be addressed.
The study also revealed that recruitment of regional parastatals incorporated a good neighbourliness principle which saw the inclusion of neighbouring ethnic communities coming in at second or third place. The Tana Water Services Board for instance, which is located in Nyeri, is predominantly Kikuyu but largely includes the neighbouring Meru, Kamba and Embu communities. Another case is the Chemelil Sugar Company, located on the Awasi-Nandi Hills road, which has a majority Luo but incorporates the neighbouring Kalenjin, Luhya and Kisii, in relatively large proportions. While most of the compliant institutions drew most of their employees from the Kikuyu community as demonstrated in Table 4, Table 5 shows a contrary trend among non-compliant institutions. For instance, only one of the ten worst performing institutions i.e. Kenya Building Research Centre has the Kikuyu as the majority with 60%. Although all state corporations must endeavour to comply with section 7(2) of the NCI Act, there are some who must take this call more urgently due to the implications of non-compliance for the country. Value generation and dissemination: The Kenya School of Government and the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development are key institutions in the transmission of values to public servants, current and future generations. Given that representation of diversity is one of the national values and principles of public service, these two institutions ought to lead by example. As a result, their compliance with the NCI Act should be taken as urgent. Fairness and consolidation of Country hood: Parastatals that stand for fairness, promotion of the Kenyan identity and consolidation of country hood should start by being fair and representing the Kenyan people themselves. For example the Competition Authority of Kenya exists to enhance fair competition practices in markets in Kenya. It should therefore adopt fairness in its recruitment to set an example. On the other hand, Brand Kenya Board ought to bring out a positive image and reputation of the Nation. This can be done by allowing the fair participation of all citizens of the different ethnic backgrounds in employment. ‘Illegal Contravention’: It is incomprehensible to imagine that the Judge can violate the very law that he ought to make a decision on in the pursuit of justice. No wonder, we have termed the contravention of the Council of Legal Education as an illegal contravention. The question is how can the institution promote legal education by contravening the very law it seeks to promote? This implies that the Council of Legal Education ought to address this contravention with urgency.
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Revelations across state corporations suggested that employment is highly influenced by politics. As a result, to ensure inclusivity and observance of the law, parastatals should be insulated from political interference and intrusive bureaucrats. There is need for the NCIC and other cohesion stakeholders to facilitate training of all public institutions on the legal requirements for inclusion and the impact of lack of inclusion to service delivery. Employment organs in state corporations should be subjected to modular lessons on representation of diversity as one of the values and principles of the public service. The Kenya School of Government should consider starting a course specifically on this but also infuse the same in the senior management leadership course recommended for senior public servants. Following the legislations discussed in this Report, each parastatal should develop its own inclusive employment policies and practices to ensure representation of the face of Kenya in its recruitment, promotion and training. The functions indicated in the mother Act of certain regional parastatals such as Muhoroni Sugar Company include the provision of employment to locals. Additionally, thelocation of such parastatals in the regions and the heavily labour-based employment they require have been mentioned as some of the factors leading to the gross contravention against the NCI Act. Consequently, the study proposes that regional parastatals should have a lower threshold of representation as opposed to the national parastatals. NCIC should undertake explanatory research to unravel the barriers to inclusion of under-represented communities in public service employment. Parastatals should undertake affirmative action particularly of minority communities to enhance their diversity. NCIC should develop a tool kit on equality and inclusion of ethnic communities in the public sector. This may build or contribute towards the Public Service Diversity Policy, 2016. The National Cohesion and integration Commission should develop a Diversity Competence Program for all public and private service institutions. This program should spell out the specific steps an organization must take for their systems to be considered Diversity
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Compliant. This will include a training programme on skills development, inclusive recruitment procedures and internal diversity nurturing spaces. The National Gender and Equality Commission should engage with SCAC to ensure promotion of gender inclusion in parastatal employment. Finally, there should be drastic and radical review of the recruitment policy in state agencies. There is need that each recruitment in any state agency give 1% opportunities to minority groups.
Revelations across state corporations suggested that employment is highly influenced by politics. As a result, to ensure inclusivity and observance of the law, parastatals should be insulated from political interference and intrusive bureaucrats. There is need for the NCIC and other cohesion stakeholders to facilitate training of all public institutions on the legal requirements for inclusion and the impact of lack of inclusion to service delivery. Employment organs in state corporations should be subjected to modular lessons on representation of diversity as one of the values and principles of the public service. The Kenya School of Government should consider starting a course specifically on this but also infuse the same in the senior management leadership course recommended for senior public servants. Following the legislations discussed in this Report, each parastatal should develop its own inclusive employment policies and practices to ensure representation of the face of Kenya in its recruitment, promotion and training. The functions indicated in the mother Act of certain regional parastatals such as Muhoroni Sugar Company include the provision of employment to locals. Additionally, thelocation of such parastatals in the regions and the heavily labour-based employment they require have been mentioned as some of the factors leading to the gross contravention against the NCI Act. Consequently, the study proposes that regional parastatals should have a lower threshold of representation as opposed to the national parastatals. NCIC should undertake explanatory research to unravel the barriers to inclusion of under-represented communities in public service employment. Parastatals should undertake affirmative action particularly of minority communities to enhance their diversity. NCIC should develop a tool kit on equality and inclusion of ethnic communities in the public sector. This may build or contribute towards the Public Service Diversity Policy, 2016. The National Cohesion and integration Commission should develop a Diversity Competence Program for all public and private service institutions. This program should spell out the specific steps an organization must take for their systems to be considered Diversity
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CHAPTER
ONE
BACKGROUND
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Introduction
The National Cohesion and Integration Commission (NCIC) is established under the National Cohesion and Integration Act No. 12 of 2008 which was enacted after the 2007 post-election crisis and subsequent political negotiations. The Commission’s object and purpose, as provided in Section 25 of the Act is to facilitate and promote equality of opportunity, good relations, harmony and peaceful coexistence between persons of the different ethnic communities of Kenya and advise the Government on all aspects thereof. The establishment of NCIC recognized the need for a national institution to build national identity and values, mitigate ethno-political competition and ethnically motivated violence, eliminate discrimination on ethnic, racial and religious basis and promote national reconciliation and healing. In Kenya’s political history, ethnicity has been effectively used for political gains. Ethnicity in itself has not been a source of conflict in Kenya but has been a convenient peg to hang all other grievances, since it is the most effective unifying element of societies in Africa. In view of its mandate, the Commission is developing various strategies and initiatives to respond to ethnicity, discrimination and inequality as an initial effort towards a more harmonious and integrated Kenyan society. One key mandate of the Commission is to ensure ethnic diversity in public employment. To ensure compliance to section 7 of the National Cohesion and Integration Act, 2008 that States in Part that; “All public establishments shall seek to represent the diversity of the people of Kenya in the employment of staff. No public establishment shall have more than one third of its staff from the same ethnic community”, the commission conducts ethnic audits of all public establishments. In its quest to ensure representation of Kenya’s diverse communities in Kenyan parastatals, the Commission has undertaken a study on the ‘Ethnic and Diversity Audit of Parastatals in Kenya’. The study attempts to assess the observance of Article 232(h) of the Constitution that upholds the values and principles of public service for the representation of Kenya’s diverse communities; and Section 25 of the NCI Act which is to facilitate and promote equality of opportunity, good relations, harmony and peaceful coexistence between persons of the different ethnic communities of Kenya and advise the Government on all aspects thereof. This is part of a huge series of ethnic audits focusing on all public sectors including public universities, Commissions, the mainstream civil service and county governments. Study Purpose and Objectives The main purpose of the study was to assess the ethnic and diversity representation within the Kenyan state corporations. Specifically, the study sought to:
CHAPTER
ONE
BACKGROUND
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4. Establish the proportion of various ethnic groups within the state corporations in Kenya
5. Assess the compliance of state corporations with legal provisions on representation of diversity within the workforce
6. Proffer strategies that can be used to develop inclusive employment practices in Kenyan state corporations
Rationale Freedom from discrimination is a fundamental right espoused in the NCI Act, 2008 and other international legislations such as the UN Declaration on the elimination of all forms of discrimination. It is essential for both workers to choose their employment freely. Bringing equality and equity to the workplace has significant economic benefits, too. Employers who practice equality and equity have access to a larger and more diverse workforce. Workers who enjoy equality have greater access to training, often receive higher wages, and improve the overall quality of the workforce. Similarly, the benefits of a globalized economy are more fairly distributed in a society with equality and equity, leading to greater social stability and broader public support which are essential for economic development. International Labour Organisation (ILO) standards on equality provide tools to eliminate discrimination in all aspects of the workplace and in society as a whole. Outcomes This project is expected to deliver the following: • Provide empirical information upon which decisions can be made on inclusive
employment. • Enhance awareness on the need for inclusive employment. • Encourage diversity in employment in public offices and organizations. Definition of Terms and Concepts
Compliance: Compliance means acting in accordance with a request or a command, rule or instruction. In this context, compliance means the process by which an organization ensures that it observes and complies with the statutory laws including the Constitution, the NCI Act, and the CGA.
Ethnic Group: The definition of ethnic group is borrowed from the NCI Act which holds that it is a group of persons defined by reference to colour, race, religion, or ethnic or national origins, and references to a person’s ethnic group refers to any ethnic group to which the person belongs.
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Inclusion: This study borrows from Miller & Katz’s (2002) definition of inclusion. They defined it more than just the state of included; to a sense of belonging, feeling respected, valued for who you are, feeling a level of supportive energy and commitment from others so that you can do your best.
State Corporation: The Presidential Task Force on Parastatal Reform (2013) defines a state corporation as an entity howsoever incorporated that is solely or majority owned by the government or its agents for commercial purposes. A commercial function for the purpose of this policy is a function the dynamics of which are governed by a competitive profit driven market and that can be performed commercially but also serves a strategic socio-economic purpose as from time to time defined by the President. State Corporations therefore shall include Commercial State Corporations; and Commercial Corporations with strategic functions that are to be defined through the national development planning process. These entities shall be incorporated and managed under the Companies Act Chapter 486.
State Agencies: There are other incorporated entities outside the mainstream civil service established for purposes of public service delivery. These bodies are agencies of the Government established for specified purposes and for purposes of policy and regulation and shall be known as State Agencies. For the avoidance of doubt, a State Agency shall be an entity howsoever incorporated by the Government to undertake a specific Government objective in delivering public service including regulation. These shall include Executive Agencies; Independent Regulatory Agencies and Research Institutions, Public Universities, Tertiary Education and Training Institutions.
County Corporations: A County Corporation is an entity howsoever incorporated that is solely or partly owned by a county government for commercial purposes. A commercial function for the purpose of this policy is a function the dynamics of which are governed by a competitive profit driven market and that can be performed commercially but also serves a strategic socio-economic objective.
4. Establish the proportion of various ethnic groups within the state corporations in Kenya
5. Assess the compliance of state corporations with legal provisions on representation of diversity within the workforce
6. Proffer strategies that can be used to develop inclusive employment practices in Kenyan state corporations
Rationale Freedom from discrimination is a fundamental right espoused in the NCI Act, 2008 and other international legislations such as the UN Declaration on the elimination of all forms of discrimination. It is essential for both workers to choose their employment freely. Bringing equality and equity to the workplace has significant economic benefits, too. Employers who practice equality and equity have access to a larger and more diverse workforce. Workers who enjoy equality have greater access to training, often receive higher wages, and improve the overall quality of the workforce. Similarly, the benefits of a globalized economy are more fairly distributed in a society with equality and equity, leading to greater social stability and broader public support which are essential for economic development. International Labour Organisation (ILO) standards on equality provide tools to eliminate discrimination in all aspects of the workplace and in society as a whole. Outcomes This project is expected to deliver the following: • Provide empirical information upon which decisions can be made on inclusive
employment. • Enhance awareness on the need for inclusive employment. • Encourage diversity in employment in public offices and organizations. Definition of Terms and Concepts
Compliance: Compliance means acting in accordance with a request or a command, rule or instruction. In this context, compliance means the process by which an organization ensures that it observes and complies with the statutory laws including the Constitution, the NCI Act, and the CGA.
Ethnic Group: The definition of ethnic group is borrowed from the NCI Act which holds that it is a group of persons defined by reference to colour, race, religion, or ethnic or national origins, and references to a person’s ethnic group refers to any ethnic group to which the person belongs.
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Organization of Chapters
This Report is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter sets the background and tone of the research by outlining the objectives, rationale and expected outcomes of the study. The second chapter presents a brief literature review on the legal frameworks guiding state corporations in Kenya, their nature, formation and management among others. Chapter three gives a highlight on the methodology used in the study. Chapter Four discusses the overall findings in the study. Chapter Five and six reveals the compliance of state corporations to section 7(2) of the NCI Act, beginning with the compliant institutions in chapter five and the non-compliant ones in chapter six. Chapter seven offers a conclusion and some recommendations to the public sector to ensure not only ensure stricter compliance but also to facilitate more inclusion of minority communities.
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CHAPTER
TWO
ETHNIC DIVERSITY
REQUIREMENTS
IN STATE CORPORATIONS
Organization of Chapters
This Report is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter sets the background and tone of the research by outlining the objectives, rationale and expected outcomes of the study. The second chapter presents a brief literature review on the legal frameworks guiding state corporations in Kenya, their nature, formation and management among others. Chapter three gives a highlight on the methodology used in the study. Chapter Four discusses the overall findings in the study. Chapter Five and six reveals the compliance of state corporations to section 7(2) of the NCI Act, beginning with the compliant institutions in chapter five and the non-compliant ones in chapter six. Chapter seven offers a conclusion and some recommendations to the public sector to ensure not only ensure stricter compliance but also to facilitate more inclusion of minority communities.
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Introduction This chapter lays out the legal framework for state corporations in Kenya. It highly draws from the State Corporations Act, the Reports of the State Corporation Advisory Committee (SCAC) and other literature. It evaluates what a state corporation is, their formation, management, functions and powers among others. Legal Framework for Parastatals Parastatals were first established in Kenya by the colonial government to provide services that were not provided by the private sector. They control key sectors such as agricultural exports, transport and communications, manufacturing and agricultural trade. The government exercises immense control over parastatals, as it has powers to appoint directors and issue directives of a general nature. Currently the Corporations are clustered into eight categories:
Financial Commercial/manufacturing Regulatory bodies Public Universities Training and Research institutions Service institutions Regional Development Authorities Tertiary Education and Training Institutions
Given that the parastatals are divided in categories, their establishment is guided by various legal instruments. Each State Corporation operates under a particular legal instrument – either a stand-alone Act of Parliament, Articles and Memorandum of Association under the Companies Act, or a Legal notice under the State Corporations Act Cap. 446. They are also subject to the Constitution of Kenya 2010, the State Corporations Act (Cap. 446), Public Finance Management Act, Public Audit Act, Public Service Commission Act, Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Act, Ethics and Anti-Corruption Act, Leadership & Integrity Act. Parastatals are subject to direct regulation by Parliament. Parliament scrutinizes them under the legislation that establishes them. In most cases, the government exercises control of parastatals through Cabinet Secretaries. Since all state corporations fall under a ministry, a Cabinet Secretary has powers to give directions of a general character to the organization. Such directions may, for instance, be in relation to matters affecting a national interest; in such a situation, the Cabinet Secretary shall determine what constitutes a national interest. Below is a highlight of legal frameworks governing parastatals in Kenya. The Vision 2030 This is the country’s development blue print covering the period 2008 to 2030. The objective is to transform the country to newly industrialised middle income economy, providing a high
37
quality of life to all citizens. The Vision is divided into three pillars; the Economic pillar aims to improve the prosperity of Kenyans through an economic development programme, covering all the regions of the country and achieve an average GDP growth rate of 10% per annum beginning 2012. The Social Pillar seeks to build a just and cohesive society with social equity in a clean and secure environment. The Political pillar intents to realise a democratic political system founded on issue -based politics that respect the rule of law and protects the rights and freedom of every Kenyan. An efficient, motivated and well trained public service is expected to be one of the major foundations of the Vision. The Vision envisages a public service that is citizen focused and results oriented for purposes of better service delivery and earning the country international accolades. Focus of the Vision is to have a Results Based Management, where implementation of the Vision is tracked and the public servants who excel on merit are rewarded. It’s also expected that reforms will be undertaken to enhance strategic planning in government, continuous improvement, performance contracting and stakeholder engagement. The Constitution of Kenya, 2010 The Constitution was promulgated in 2010. It contains various Articles that speak directly to the legal provisions affecting parastatals. Article 10 highlights the national values governing public officers which include; patriotism, national unity, sharing and devolution of power, the rule of law, democracy and participation of the people; human dignity, equity, social justice, inclusiveness, equality, human rights, non-discrimination and protection of the marginalised; good governance, integrity, transparency, accountability; and sustainable development. Chapter Six on Leadership and Integrity, Article 73(2) provides guiding principles of leadership and integrity which include; selection on the basis of personal integrity, competence and suitability, or election in free and fair elections; (b) objectivity and impartiality in decision making, and in ensuring that decisions are not influenced by nepotism, favouritism, other improper motives or corrupt practices; selfless service based solely on the public interest, accountability to the public for decisions, action, discipline and commitment in service to the people. Devolution is now enshrined in the Constitution. Therefore, every public entity has a responsibility to ensure that services are brought closer to the people. Specifically, the objects of devolution in Article 174 are; to foster national unity by recognising diversity; to protect and promote the interests and rights of minorities and marginalised communities; to promote social and economic development and the provision of proximate, easily accessible services throughout Kenya; to ensure equitable sharing of national and local resources throughout Kenya; and to facilitate the decentralisation of State organs, their functions and services, from the capital of Kenya. To this end, parastatals are required to open offices in various parts of the country and devolve their services.
Introduction This chapter lays out the legal framework for state corporations in Kenya. It highly draws from the State Corporations Act, the Reports of the State Corporation Advisory Committee (SCAC) and other literature. It evaluates what a state corporation is, their formation, management, functions and powers among others. Legal Framework for Parastatals Parastatals were first established in Kenya by the colonial government to provide services that were not provided by the private sector. They control key sectors such as agricultural exports, transport and communications, manufacturing and agricultural trade. The government exercises immense control over parastatals, as it has powers to appoint directors and issue directives of a general nature. Currently the Corporations are clustered into eight categories:
Financial Commercial/manufacturing Regulatory bodies Public Universities Training and Research institutions Service institutions Regional Development Authorities Tertiary Education and Training Institutions
Given that the parastatals are divided in categories, their establishment is guided by various legal instruments. Each State Corporation operates under a particular legal instrument – either a stand-alone Act of Parliament, Articles and Memorandum of Association under the Companies Act, or a Legal notice under the State Corporations Act Cap. 446. They are also subject to the Constitution of Kenya 2010, the State Corporations Act (Cap. 446), Public Finance Management Act, Public Audit Act, Public Service Commission Act, Public Procurement and Asset Disposal Act, Ethics and Anti-Corruption Act, Leadership & Integrity Act. Parastatals are subject to direct regulation by Parliament. Parliament scrutinizes them under the legislation that establishes them. In most cases, the government exercises control of parastatals through Cabinet Secretaries. Since all state corporations fall under a ministry, a Cabinet Secretary has powers to give directions of a general character to the organization. Such directions may, for instance, be in relation to matters affecting a national interest; in such a situation, the Cabinet Secretary shall determine what constitutes a national interest. Below is a highlight of legal frameworks governing parastatals in Kenya. The Vision 2030 This is the country’s development blue print covering the period 2008 to 2030. The objective is to transform the country to newly industrialised middle income economy, providing a high
38 39
Article 232, highlights the values and principles of public service which include; high standards of professional ethics, efficient effective and economic use of resources; equitable provision of services; involvement of people in the policy making process; accountability for administrative acts; fair competition and merit as the basis of appointments and promotions and affording adequate and equal opportunities for appointment, training and advancement, at all levels of the public service. The Public Service (Values and Principles) Act 2015 This Act gives effect to the provisions of Article 232 of the Constitution regarding the values and principles of public service. These values and principles include; High standards of professional ethics, Efficient, effective and economic use of resources, Responsive, prompt, effective, impartial and equitable provision of services, Transparency and provision to the public of timely accurate information, Accountability for administrative acts, and fair competition and merit as the basis of appointments and promotions. State Corporations Act It is a fairly old legislation which was revised in 2012 but not fully aligned to the Constitution 2010. The Act makes provisions for the establishment of state corporations for control and regulations of the said corporations. The Act grants state corporations’ powers to engage and employ such number of staff, including the chief executive, on such terms and conditions of service as the Cabinet Secretary may approve. They may also establish pension, gratuity, superannuation, provident or other funds for the state corporation’s employees and their dependants. The SCAC is the body charged with the responsibility to reviewing and investigating affairs of state corporations and to advise the President. It also advises on establishment, reorganisation, or dissolution of state corporations. The conduct and performance of board members and employees of state corporations is also monitored by SCAC. Other government agencies like the Inspectorate of State Corporations, Performance Contracting Secretariat, State Corporations Appeal Tribunal (SCAT), Auditor General, Salaries and Remuneration Commission and Public Procurement Oversight Authority (Now Public Procurement Regulatory Authority - PPRA) have an oversight role under the state corporations Act and their respective legislations. Taskforce on Parastatal Reforms The President appointed the Taskforce on Parastatal Reforms on 23rd July 2013. The Taskforce was tasked with the responsibility of interrogating the policies on the management and governance of Kenya’s parastatals with the aim of determining how best they would contribute to the pursuit of national development aspirations, facilitating the transformation of our country into a great land of prosperity and opportunity for all.
39
The Taskforce had a key mandate of addressing the sectoral challenges to achieve government policy priorities which included; designing the most appropriate institutional arrangement for the sector taking into account the administrative, governance, managerial and audit needs; Making consideration of the new Constitution and particularly devolution and the mandate of Salaries and Remuneration Commission; developing clear mechanism for the policy direction of the sector with the aim of getting qualified and capable people in boards and senior management, taking into consideration women, youth and special categories. The taskforce identified various challenges facing parastatals which include; lack of clarity on the role that state corporations should play in the economy; Poor linkage of state corporations activity with the national development goals; Inadequate policy and policy coordination leading to poor definition of mandates; Poor governance leading to resource loss and burdening the public purse, Weak human resource and institutional capacity to attract and retain the skill sets needed, and an inadequate performance management framework. These challenges were at the centre of the work of the taskforce which reviewed various proposals on policy and institutional arrangement locally and abroad and made recommendations to the President. The Taskforce presented its Report to the President on 12th November 2013, with the following key recommendations;
Clear definition of Government Owned Entities (GOE) in four clusters (State Corporations, State Agencies, County Corporations and County Agencies)
A clean and updated inventory of GOE Clarity in the Institutional arrangement of GOE (through a Centralized Ownership and
Oversight Model, at the national level, ownership of GOE will be vested in the National Treasury while at the County level will be the County Treasury)
Rationalized legal framework – a single overarching law called the Government Owned Entities Bill 2013, for both national and county government owned entities
Strengthening corporate governance through establishment of the Government Investment Corporation that will exercise ownership, investment and oversight roles for all State Corporations on behalf of the National Government. And a Uniform Code of Governance and Leadership to be developed and adopted
Performance management framework to facilitate a strong customer/client orientation in service delivery and drive performance to the next level
Alignment of the activities of GOE to the national development goals. Implementation of these recommendations is being undertaken through various government led initiatives. Leadership and Integrity Act Enacted in 2012, it gives effect to, and establishes procedures and mechanisms for the effective administration of Chapter Six of the Constitution on Leadership and Integrity. Its implementation is pegged on the values and principles of public service in the Constitution
Article 232, highlights the values and principles of public service which include; high standards of professional ethics, efficient effective and economic use of resources; equitable provision of services; involvement of people in the policy making process; accountability for administrative acts; fair competition and merit as the basis of appointments and promotions and affording adequate and equal opportunities for appointment, training and advancement, at all levels of the public service. The Public Service (Values and Principles) Act 2015 This Act gives effect to the provisions of Article 232 of the Constitution regarding the values and principles of public service. These values and principles include; High standards of professional ethics, Efficient, effective and economic use of resources, Responsive, prompt, effective, impartial and equitable provision of services, Transparency and provision to the public of timely accurate information, Accountability for administrative acts, and fair competition and merit as the basis of appointments and promotions. State Corporations Act It is a fairly old legislation which was revised in 2012 but not fully aligned to the Constitution 2010. The Act makes provisions for the establishment of state corporations for control and regulations of the said corporations. The Act grants state corporations’ powers to engage and employ such number of staff, including the chief executive, on such terms and conditions of service as the Cabinet Secretary may approve. They may also establish pension, gratuity, superannuation, provident or other funds for the state corporation’s employees and their dependants. The SCAC is the body charged with the responsibility to reviewing and investigating affairs of state corporations and to advise the President. It also advises on establishment, reorganisation, or dissolution of state corporations. The conduct and performance of board members and employees of state corporations is also monitored by SCAC. Other government agencies like the Inspectorate of State Corporations, Performance Contracting Secretariat, State Corporations Appeal Tribunal (SCAT), Auditor General, Salaries and Remuneration Commission and Public Procurement Oversight Authority (Now Public Procurement Regulatory Authority - PPRA) have an oversight role under the state corporations Act and their respective legislations. Taskforce on Parastatal Reforms The President appointed the Taskforce on Parastatal Reforms on 23rd July 2013. The Taskforce was tasked with the responsibility of interrogating the policies on the management and governance of Kenya’s parastatals with the aim of determining how best they would contribute to the pursuit of national development aspirations, facilitating the transformation of our country into a great land of prosperity and opportunity for all.
40 41
which, for counties, include the objectives of devolution provided for under Article 174 of the Constitution. The Act places responsibility on every person for its implementation. It spells out the general Leadership and Integrity Code for state officers that incorporates provisions of Chapter six of the Constitution and the Public Officer Ethics Act (No. 4 of 2003). Key general provisions of this Act relate to; the personal responsibility and duties of public officers through their actions; the need for public officers to be professional in their conduct, to maintain financial integrity, to have high standard of moral and adhere to the ethical requirements; to declare gifts received during official duties and avoid being in a situation where conflict of interest with the official duties arises and if so, declare to the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission among other requirements. Mwongozo Guidelines Various studies on governance of public institutions have indicated that weak governance structures exist that have led to mismanagement. The structural weaknesses have led to cases of corruption, tribalism, gender discrimination, nepotism and professional misconduct in management of these institutions. Parastatals in particular suffer from cases of tribalism and nepotism, where one community, and by extension the region, dominates employment opportunities, against the Constitutional expectation of regional balance. To this end, the government came up with Mwogozo, The code of governance for public institutions as a critical building block in entrenching principles and values of public service and best practices in corporate governance. Mwongozo addresses matters of effectiveness of Boards, transparency and disclosure, accountability, risk management, internal controls, ethical leadership and good corporate citizenship. These practices are at the core of the values and principles of Public Service as enshrined under Article 232 of the Constitution of Kenya, 2010. With implementation of this code, it is hoped that it will result in effective and efficient State Corporations that deliver value to Kenyans in a transparent and accountable manner. Legislations on Employment and Labour relations The Employment Act, 2012 provides for the legal framework upon which human capital is legislated and so doing, it defines the fundamental rights of employees, to provide basic conditions of employment of employees, to regulate employment of children, and to provide for matters connected with the foregoing. Key principles of the Act include: Prohibition against forced labour, promotion of equality of opportunity in employment in order to eliminate discrimination in employment; policy statements on sexual harassment, and contractual framework for engagement between employees and the employer. An inside Look into State Corporations in Kenya Formation of State Corporations Parastatals are companies or agencies owned or controlled wholly or partly by the government. In Kenya, State Corporations are formed out of an Act of Parliament, the
41
States Corporations Act (Chapter 446), to meet both commercial and social goals. In the Act, a State Corporation is defined as:
‘a body corporate established by or under an Act of Parliament or other written law; but not-
(i) The Permanent Secretary is incorporated under the Permanent Secretary to the Treasury Incorporation Act;
(ii) A local authority established under the Local Government Act (iii) A cooperative society established under the CooperativeSocieties Act (iv) A building society established in accordance with the Building Societies Act (v) A company incorporated under the Companies Act which is not wholly owned
or controlled by the Government or by a state corporation (vi) The Central Bank of Kenya established under the Central Bank of Kenya Act (vii) A bank or a financial institution licensed under the Banking Act (viii) Any other body corporate established by or under any writtenlaw declared by
the President by notice in the Gazette not to be a state corporation; Functions of State Corporations Parastatals play critical roles in Kenya’s economic growth and development. Generally, State Corporations exist to:
Develop marginal areas Provide education Redistribute income Provide health Exploit social and political objectives
At independence, parastatals were reequipped into agents of indigenization of the economy by Sessional Paper no. 10 of 1965. Most parastatals were established between 1960 and 1970. By 2013, there were over 300 parastatals (The Star, October 10 2013) operating in different sectors including agriculture, transport, communications, manufacturing and trade among others. Parastatal mergers began in 2014, in a bid to adopt a leaner and more efficient structure and avoid the duplication of roles. The mergers, supported by two bills: The Government Owned Entities Bill 2014 (GOE) and the National Sovereign Wealth Fund Bill 2014, saw the number of State Corporations reduced from 262 to 187. The Kenyan government merged 38 parastatal agencies and consolidated them into 14 new agencies, in the quest to reduce the wage bill (Daily Nation, May 2014). Challenges Facing State Corporations
1. Corruption, nepotism, mismanagement 2. Politicization – both the boards and the chief executives are appointed by political
powers, hence likely to influence their operational decisions 3. Weak supervisory mechanism – the State Corporations advisory committee does not
fully play the role of monitoring and evaluating the performance of State Corporations. As per the State Corporations Act, the committee is responsible for reviewing and
which, for counties, include the objectives of devolution provided for under Article 174 of the Constitution. The Act places responsibility on every person for its implementation. It spells out the general Leadership and Integrity Code for state officers that incorporates provisions of Chapter six of the Constitution and the Public Officer Ethics Act (No. 4 of 2003). Key general provisions of this Act relate to; the personal responsibility and duties of public officers through their actions; the need for public officers to be professional in their conduct, to maintain financial integrity, to have high standard of moral and adhere to the ethical requirements; to declare gifts received during official duties and avoid being in a situation where conflict of interest with the official duties arises and if so, declare to the Ethics and Anti-Corruption Commission among other requirements. Mwongozo Guidelines Various studies on governance of public institutions have indicated that weak governance structures exist that have led to mismanagement. The structural weaknesses have led to cases of corruption, tribalism, gender discrimination, nepotism and professional misconduct in management of these institutions. Parastatals in particular suffer from cases of tribalism and nepotism, where one community, and by extension the region, dominates employment opportunities, against the Constitutional expectation of regional balance. To this end, the government came up with Mwogozo, The code of governance for public institutions as a critical building block in entrenching principles and values of public service and best practices in corporate governance. Mwongozo addresses matters of effectiveness of Boards, transparency and disclosure, accountability, risk management, internal controls, ethical leadership and good corporate citizenship. These practices are at the core of the values and principles of Public Service as enshrined under Article 232 of the Constitution of Kenya, 2010. With implementation of this code, it is hoped that it will result in effective and efficient State Corporations that deliver value to Kenyans in a transparent and accountable manner. Legislations on Employment and Labour relations The Employment Act, 2012 provides for the legal framework upon which human capital is legislated and so doing, it defines the fundamental rights of employees, to provide basic conditions of employment of employees, to regulate employment of children, and to provide for matters connected with the foregoing. Key principles of the Act include: Prohibition against forced labour, promotion of equality of opportunity in employment in order to eliminate discrimination in employment; policy statements on sexual harassment, and contractual framework for engagement between employees and the employer. An inside Look into State Corporations in Kenya Formation of State Corporations Parastatals are companies or agencies owned or controlled wholly or partly by the government. In Kenya, State Corporations are formed out of an Act of Parliament, the
42 43
investigating the affairs and advising the president on the establishment, dissolution or reorganization of state corporations
4. Inadequate Resources – most parastatals are underfunded as funds are allocated through line ministries. Though they are permitted to borrow, they are sometimes unable to repay their loans.
Management of State Corporations State corporations are managed by boards. The boards consist of: a chairman appointed by the President, who is a non-executive unless the president
otherwise directs the chief executive the Permanent Secretary of the parent Ministry the Permanent Secretary to the Treasury not more than eleven members, non-employees of the State Corporation, of whom not
more than three shall be public officers, appointed by the Minister Powers of State Corporations Subject to the State Corporations Act, all State Corporations:
(a) Have powers necessary to exercise its functions (b) To borrow money in Kenya or elsewhere only with the consent of the Minister in
charge (c) Engage and employ such number of staff, including the chief executive on such terms
and conditions of service as the Minister may approve (d) In consultation with the Minister, establish pension, gratuity, superannuation or other
funds for the state corporation’s employees or their dependents Privatisation of State Corporations In the last few years, there has been a tendency to relinquish non-performing State Corporations through privatization. Section 25 of the Privatisation Act Cap 2 of 2005 states that the method of privatization may be any of the following –
(a) Public offering of shares; (b) Concessions, leases, management contracts and other forms of public private
partnerships; (c) negotiated sales resulting from the exercise of pre-emptive rights; (d) Sale of assets, including liquidation; (e) Any other method approved by the Cabinet in the approval of a specific privatization
proposal
43
CHAPTER
THREE
METHODOLOGY
investigating the affairs and advising the president on the establishment, dissolution or reorganization of state corporations
4. Inadequate Resources – most parastatals are underfunded as funds are allocated through line ministries. Though they are permitted to borrow, they are sometimes unable to repay their loans.
Management of State Corporations State corporations are managed by boards. The boards consist of: a chairman appointed by the President, who is a non-executive unless the president
otherwise directs the chief executive the Permanent Secretary of the parent Ministry the Permanent Secretary to the Treasury not more than eleven members, non-employees of the State Corporation, of whom not
more than three shall be public officers, appointed by the Minister Powers of State Corporations Subject to the State Corporations Act, all State Corporations:
(a) Have powers necessary to exercise its functions (b) To borrow money in Kenya or elsewhere only with the consent of the Minister in
charge (c) Engage and employ such number of staff, including the chief executive on such terms
and conditions of service as the Minister may approve (d) In consultation with the Minister, establish pension, gratuity, superannuation or other
funds for the state corporation’s employees or their dependents Privatisation of State Corporations In the last few years, there has been a tendency to relinquish non-performing State Corporations through privatization. Section 25 of the Privatisation Act Cap 2 of 2005 states that the method of privatization may be any of the following –
(a) Public offering of shares; (b) Concessions, leases, management contracts and other forms of public private
partnerships; (c) negotiated sales resulting from the exercise of pre-emptive rights; (d) Sale of assets, including liquidation; (e) Any other method approved by the Cabinet in the approval of a specific privatization
proposal
44 45
Introduction This chapter describes in detail the strategy that was used by the researcher in conducting the research. It includes the following research design, sampling and sampling procedures, and description of research instruments, data collections procedures and data analysis procedures. Research Design The design of this study will be based on survey research in which data will be collected for the objectives of the study. The research is based on the study of the ethnic composition of employees within state corporations. The choice of this research design as opposed to other research designs was motivated by the following factors. First, survey research provides for a suitable instrument for collecting a large amount of data. Secondly, it provides a practical framework for collecting a large sample of composing groups and thirdly, survey studies have strong data reliability. Target Population A population is any set of persons or objects that possesses at least one common characteristic (Busha& Harter, 1980). The target population of this study included all state corporations in Kenya included in the 2013 SCAC Report on the existing parastatals. Sample Size and Sampling Procedures A sample is a smaller group or sub-group obtained from the accessible population (Mugenda and Mugenda, 1999). This subgroup is carefully selected to be representative of the whole population with the relevant characteristics. Sampling is the process of selecting a number of individuals for a study in such a way that the individuals selected represent the large group from which they were selected. This study uses the census method to collect data from all state corporations in Kenya.The National Sovereign Wealth Fund Bill 2014 and the Government Owned Entities Bill 2014 recommended mergers that reduced state corporations from 262 listed by SCAC to187. Description of Data Collection Instruments According to Mugenda and Mugenda (1999) questionnaires give a detailed answer to complex problems. Additionally, questionnaires are also a popular method for data collection in deduction because of the relative ease and cost-effectiveness with which they are constructed and administered. Questionnaires give a relatively objective data and therefore, are most effective. In this study, Questionnaires were used as the main instrument of data collection from state corporations. The information was generated and analysed from the data received from the various parastatals in Kenya. A letter and questionnaire were sent to all the parastatals asking them to provide details for their employees covering date of employment, district of origin, ethnic affiliation, among others. Letters were sent to187 parastatals out of which 168were analysed.
45
Reliability of Research Instrument Mugenda and Mugenda (1999) define reliability as a measure of the degree to which a research instrument yields consistent results or data after repeated trials. An instrument is reliable when it can measure a variable accurately and obtain the same results over a period of time. Reliability was calculated with the help of the Statistical Package for SocialSciences (SPSS). A correlation coefficient greater or equal to 0.5was accepted. Data Analysis Procedure Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used for data analysis. Quantitative data from the questionnaire was coded and entered into the computer for computation of descriptive statistics. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0) was used to run descriptive analyses to produce frequency distribution and percentages. Tables were used to summarize data. Ethical Considerations The conducting of research requires not only expertise and diligence, but also honesty and integrity. This is done to recognise and protect the rights of human subjects. To render the study ethical, the rights to self-determination, anonymity, confidentiality and informed consent were observed. The mandate to conduct the research study was obtained from section 25(2p) of the National Cohesion and Integration Act which states that ‘Without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1), the Commission shall undertake research and studies and make recommendations to the Government on any issue relating to ethnic affairs including whether ethnic relations are improving’. Considering the right to self-determination, each institution was advised to ask for the ethnicity of their employees from them. As such, each public employee was allowed to identify oneself. The Commission treats the data received from state corporations with confidentiality and does not share this raw data without the permission of the submitting entity. Ethnic Diversity in Kenya There are more than 42 ethnic communities in Kenya. Language and cultural background are the main criteria for ethnic identification in Kenya. There are three main language groups in which the ethnic communities in Kenya can be grouped:
• Bantu-speaking • Nilotic-speaking • Cushitic-speaking
There are other distinct language groups such as the Arabs, Asians, Europeans and Americans. For the purpose of including all communities, this audit uses the Housing and Population Census, 2009 to operationalize the ethnic categories as follows
Introduction This chapter describes in detail the strategy that was used by the researcher in conducting the research. It includes the following research design, sampling and sampling procedures, and description of research instruments, data collections procedures and data analysis procedures. Research Design The design of this study will be based on survey research in which data will be collected for the objectives of the study. The research is based on the study of the ethnic composition of employees within state corporations. The choice of this research design as opposed to other research designs was motivated by the following factors. First, survey research provides for a suitable instrument for collecting a large amount of data. Secondly, it provides a practical framework for collecting a large sample of composing groups and thirdly, survey studies have strong data reliability. Target Population A population is any set of persons or objects that possesses at least one common characteristic (Busha& Harter, 1980). The target population of this study included all state corporations in Kenya included in the 2013 SCAC Report on the existing parastatals. Sample Size and Sampling Procedures A sample is a smaller group or sub-group obtained from the accessible population (Mugenda and Mugenda, 1999). This subgroup is carefully selected to be representative of the whole population with the relevant characteristics. Sampling is the process of selecting a number of individuals for a study in such a way that the individuals selected represent the large group from which they were selected. This study uses the census method to collect data from all state corporations in Kenya.The National Sovereign Wealth Fund Bill 2014 and the Government Owned Entities Bill 2014 recommended mergers that reduced state corporations from 262 listed by SCAC to187. Description of Data Collection Instruments According to Mugenda and Mugenda (1999) questionnaires give a detailed answer to complex problems. Additionally, questionnaires are also a popular method for data collection in deduction because of the relative ease and cost-effectiveness with which they are constructed and administered. Questionnaires give a relatively objective data and therefore, are most effective. In this study, Questionnaires were used as the main instrument of data collection from state corporations. The information was generated and analysed from the data received from the various parastatals in Kenya. A letter and questionnaire were sent to all the parastatals asking them to provide details for their employees covering date of employment, district of origin, ethnic affiliation, among others. Letters were sent to187 parastatals out of which 168were analysed.
46 47
1. Suba 2. Embu 3. Kamba 4. Kikuyu 5. Kisii 6. Kuria 7. Luo 8. Maasai 9. Mbeere 10. Meru 11. Nubi 12. Samburu 13. Taita 14. Taveta 15. Teso 16. Turkana 17. Tharaka 18. Luhyia (so stated)
• Bakhayo • Banyore • Banyala • Bukusu • Idakho • Isukha • Tiriki • Kabras
• Marachi • Marama • Kisa • Maragoli • Samia • Tachoni • Batsotso
• Wanga • Tura
19. Kalenjin (so stated) • Keiyo • Nandi • Kipsigis • Tugen
47
• Pokot • Marakwet • Njems • Arror • Bung’omek • Cherangany’ • Dorobo • El Molo • Endo • Ogiek • Sabaot • Samor • Sengwer • Senger • Terik • Endorois
20. Mijikenda (so stated) • Giriama • Digo • Rabai • Chonyi • Duruma • Kauma • Kambe • Ribe • Jibana • Boni • Dahalo • Pokomo • Waata
21. Swahili (so stated) • Amu • Bajuni • Chitundu • Jomvu • Munyoyaya • Mvita • Ngare • Pate • Siu • Vumba • Wachangamwe
1. Suba 2. Embu 3. Kamba 4. Kikuyu 5. Kisii 6. Kuria 7. Luo 8. Maasai 9. Mbeere 10. Meru 11. Nubi 12. Samburu 13. Taita 14. Taveta 15. Teso 16. Turkana 17. Tharaka 18. Luhyia (so stated)
• Bakhayo • Banyore • Banyala • Bukusu • Idakho • Isukha • Tiriki • Kabras
• Marachi • Marama • Kisa • Maragoli • Samia • Tachoni • Batsotso
• Wanga • Tura
19. Kalenjin (so stated) • Keiyo • Nandi • Kipsigis • Tugen
48 49
• Wafaza • Wakatwa • Wakilifi • Wakilindini • Wamtwapa • Washaka • Watangana • Watikuu
22. Kenyan Somali (so stated) • Ajuran • Degodia • Gurreh • Hawiyah • Murile • Ogaden
23. Ilchamus 24. Njemps 25. Borana 26. Burji 27. Dasanech 28. Gabra 29. Galla 30. Gosha 31. Konso 32. Orma 33. Rendille 34. Sakuye 35. Waat 36. Galjeel 37. Kenyan Arabs 38. Kenyan Asians 39. Kenyan Europeans 40. Kenyan Americans 41. Isaak 42. Leysan
Source: Republic of Kenya (2010) 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census Vol II Government Printer
49
CHAPTER FOUR
REPORTING RESEARCH
FINDINGS
• Wafaza • Wakatwa • Wakilifi • Wakilindini • Wamtwapa • Washaka • Watangana • Watikuu
22. Kenyan Somali (so stated) • Ajuran • Degodia • Gurreh • Hawiyah • Murile • Ogaden
23. Ilchamus 24. Njemps 25. Borana 26. Burji 27. Dasanech 28. Gabra 29. Galla 30. Gosha 31. Konso 32. Orma 33. Rendille 34. Sakuye 35. Waat 36. Galjeel 37. Kenyan Arabs 38. Kenyan Asians 39. Kenyan Europeans 40. Kenyan Americans 41. Isaak 42. Leysan
Source: Republic of Kenya (2010) 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census Vol II Government Printer
50 51
Introduction In this chapter the results of the data analysis are presented. The data were collected and then processed in response to the objectives outlined in chapter one of this Report. Two fundamental goals drove the collection of the data and the subsequent data analysis. Those goals were to establish the proportion of various ethnic groups within the state corporations in Kenya and to assess the compliance of state corporations with legal provisions on representation of diversity within the workforce. These objectives were accomplished. The findings presented in this chapter demonstrate the potential for merging theory and practice. Overall Ethnic Composition of Employees in Parastatals The study audited 185 state corporations. Some are national with one office in Nairobi, others are regional with their headquarters in the counties while others operate nationally with offices in several counties and a head office in Nairobi. Table 1 below shows the general composition of employees in parastatals by ethnic groups. Table 1: General Ethnic Composition of Employees in Parastatals
Ethnic group Number Percentage 1. Kikuyu 20785 20.62 2. Kalenjin 15887 15.76 3. Luhya 15135 15.02 4. Luo 13999 13.89 5. Kamba 9246 9.17 6. Kisii 6285 6.24 7. Mijikenda 5289 5.25 8. Meru 3869 3.84 9. Taita 2031 2.02 10. Somali 1551 1.54 11. Maasai 1460 1.45 12. Embu 1368 1.36 13. Borana 559 0.55 14. Teso 532 0.53 15. Swahili 527 0.52 16. Turkana 452 0.45 17. Samburu 391 0.39 18. Gabra 224 0.22 19. Kuria 178 0.18 20. Suba 158 0.16
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21. Kenyan Arabs 146 0.14 22. Rendille 138 0.14 23. Nubi 101 0.10 24. Mbeere 100 0.10 25. Taveta 96 0.10 26. Orma 95 0.09 27. Foreigner 36 0.04 28. Burji 32 0.03 29. Other Kenyans 26 0.03 30. Tharaka 18 0.02 31. Kenyan Asian 18 0.02 32. Njemps 15 0.01 33. Galla 13 0.01 34. Sakuye 12 0.01 35. Ilchamus 10 0.01 36. Dasnech 3 0.003 37. Waat 2 0.002 38. Gosha 2 0.002
Total 100,789 100.00 Inclusion of Minority Communities Table 1 demonstrates that the composition of employees in all parastatals is highly diverse. This is the sub-sector with the highest inclusion of minority communities such as the Gosha, Waat and Dasenach who are rarely found in the other public sub-sectors such as counties, Commissions, Universities and the national mainstream civil service. Compliance with the NCI Act The sub-sector draws most of their employees from the Kikuyu community who form 20.62% of the entire workforce. This is in compliance with the provisions of section 7(2) of the NCI Act. The Big Six Syndrome The first six ethnic groups are also the biggest communities represented by their high proportion in national population. Nevertheless, these communities comprising of the Kikuyu, the Kalenjin, the Luhya, the Luo, the Kamba and the Kisii form 74.46% of parastatal employment. This leaves 25.5% of opportunities available for the over 36 ethnic communities.
Introduction In this chapter the results of the data analysis are presented. The data were collected and then processed in response to the objectives outlined in chapter one of this Report. Two fundamental goals drove the collection of the data and the subsequent data analysis. Those goals were to establish the proportion of various ethnic groups within the state corporations in Kenya and to assess the compliance of state corporations with legal provisions on representation of diversity within the workforce. These objectives were accomplished. The findings presented in this chapter demonstrate the potential for merging theory and practice. Overall Ethnic Composition of Employees in Parastatals The study audited 185 state corporations. Some are national with one office in Nairobi, others are regional with their headquarters in the counties while others operate nationally with offices in several counties and a head office in Nairobi. Table 1 below shows the general composition of employees in parastatals by ethnic groups. Table 1: General Ethnic Composition of Employees in Parastatals
Ethnic group Number Percentage 1. Kikuyu 20785 20.62 2. Kalenjin 15887 15.76 3. Luhya 15135 15.02 4. Luo 13999 13.89 5. Kamba 9246 9.17 6. Kisii 6285 6.24 7. Mijikenda 5289 5.25 8. Meru 3869 3.84 9. Taita 2031 2.02 10. Somali 1551 1.54 11. Maasai 1460 1.45 12. Embu 1368 1.36 13. Borana 559 0.55 14. Teso 532 0.53 15. Swahili 527 0.52 16. Turkana 452 0.45 17. Samburu 391 0.39 18. Gabra 224 0.22 19. Kuria 178 0.18 20. Suba 158 0.16
52 53
Ethnic Representation in Parastatal Employment in Comparison with National Population Table 2 and Figure 1 below highlight a comparison between representation of ethnic groups within parastatal employment and national population. The table ascertains the finding that this sub-sector has included most minority communities such as the Gosha, Waat, Galla and Dasenach among others. Table 2: The Variance between representation in parastatal employment and national population
Ethnic Group Percentage in National
Population percentage in parastatal employment variance
Kenyan Somali 6.4 1.54 -4.86 Turkana 2.6 0.45 -2.15 Kamba 10.4 9.17 -1.23 Maasai 2.2 1.45 -0.75 Meru 4.4 3.84 -0.56 Kuria 0.7 0.18 -0.52 Tharaka 0.5 0.002 -0.498 Teso 0.9 0.53 -0.37 Mbeere 0.4 0.1 -0.3 Suba 0.4 0.16 -0.24 Samburu 0.6 0.39 -0.21 Orma 0.2 0.009 -0.191 Gosha 0.1 0.002 -0.098 Kenyan Asian 0.1 0.03 -0.07 Burji 0.1 0.03 -0.07 Dasenach 0.01 0.003 -0.007 Gabbra 0.2 0.22 0.02 Rendille 0.1 0.14 0.04
Kenyan Arab 0.1 0.14 0.04 Taveta 0.1 0.1 0 Galla 0 0.01 0.01 Sakuye 0 0.01 0.01 Ilchamus 0 0.01 0.01 Waat 0.002 0.002 0 Gosha 0.002 0.002 0 Njemps 0.01 0.01 0
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Nubi 0.01 0.1 0.09 Borana 0.4 0.55 0.15 Kisii 5.9 6.24 0.34 Swahili 0.3 0.52 0.22 Embu 0.9 1.36 0.46 Mijikenda 5.2 5.25 0.05 Luhya 14.2 15.02 0.82 Taita 0.7 2.02 1.32 Kikuyu 17.7 20.62 2.92 Kalenjin 13.3 15.76 2.46 Luo 10.8 13.89 3.09
Ethnic Representation in Parastatal Employment in Comparison with National Population Table 2 and Figure 1 below highlight a comparison between representation of ethnic groups within parastatal employment and national population. The table ascertains the finding that this sub-sector has included most minority communities such as the Gosha, Waat, Galla and Dasenach among others. Table 2: The Variance between representation in parastatal employment and national population
Ethnic Group Percentage in National
Population percentage in parastatal employment variance
Kenyan Somali 6.4 1.54 -4.86 Turkana 2.6 0.45 -2.15 Kamba 10.4 9.17 -1.23 Maasai 2.2 1.45 -0.75 Meru 4.4 3.84 -0.56 Kuria 0.7 0.18 -0.52 Tharaka 0.5 0.002 -0.498 Teso 0.9 0.53 -0.37 Mbeere 0.4 0.1 -0.3 Suba 0.4 0.16 -0.24 Samburu 0.6 0.39 -0.21 Orma 0.2 0.009 -0.191 Gosha 0.1 0.002 -0.098 Kenyan Asian 0.1 0.03 -0.07 Burji 0.1 0.03 -0.07 Dasenach 0.01 0.003 -0.007 Gabbra 0.2 0.22 0.02 Rendille 0.1 0.14 0.04
Kenyan Arab 0.1 0.14 0.04 Taveta 0.1 0.1 0 Galla 0 0.01 0.01 Sakuye 0 0.01 0.01 Ilchamus 0 0.01 0.01 Waat 0.002 0.002 0 Gosha 0.002 0.002 0 Njemps 0.01 0.01 0
54 55
Figure 1: Com
parison of Parastatal Employm
ent Ratios w
ith National Po
pulation Ratio
s
0 5 10 15 20 25
Kenyan Somali
Turkana
Kamba
Maasai
Meru
Kuria
Tharaka
Teso
Mbeere
Suba
Samburu
Orma
Gosha
Kenyan Asian
Burji
Dasenach
Gabbra
Rendille
Kenyan Arab
Taveta
Galla
Sakuye
Ilchamus
Waat
Gosha
Njemps
Nubi
Borana
Kisii
Swahili
Embu
Mijikenda
Luhya
Taita
Kikuyu
Kalenjin
Luo
PercentageParastatal E
mploym
ent V
s Nation
al Popu
lation
55
The representation of ethnic groups within parastatal employment seems to follow the trend of their national population composition. Nevertheless, three things have been noted; overrepresentation, balanced representation and underrepresentation. Over-representation Over represented communities were those whose proportion of employees in parastatals was higher than their proportion in national population. On the overall, the bigger communities seemed to be overrepresented. All communities forming more than 11% of the national population i.e. the Luo, the Kalenjin, Kikuyu and Luhya were overrepresented in parastatal employment by more than 1%. This means that people born in these communities have an advantage of getting jobs over the smaller communities particularly if tribalism takes precedence over merit and representation of diversity. Other over-represented ethnic communities in parastatal employment include the Taita, the Mijikenda, the Embu, the Swahili, the Kisii and the Borana as demonstrated in Table 2 above. Balanced Ethnic Groups A few groups have near-similar proportions in both parastatal employment and national population. These include the Gabbra, Rendille, Kenyan Arab, Taveta, Galla and Sakuye. Under-Represented Ethnic Communities Contrary to the bigger communities’ representation in employment, the smaller communities’ inclusion in parastatal employment is questionable. The rations of the following communities in employment of parastatals fell short of their proportion in national population. They include the Kenyan Somali, Turkana, Kamba, Maasai, Meru, Kuria, Tharaka, Teso, Mbeere, Suba, Samburu, Orma, Gosha, Kenyan Asian, Burji and the Dasenach. Excluded Communities Although the parastatals are lauded to be the most inclusive sub-sector given that they include some of the minority communities not seen in the other sub-sectors, they still have missed out on some ethnic groups such as the Leysan among others. State Corporations as Big Employers State corporations are big employers since their retention capacity is almost half of the mainstream civil service which stood at 211,000 in 2011 (NCIC, 2011) and the county public service which numbered 211,000 in 2014 (NCIC, 2015). The table 3 below shows that biggest employer among parastatals is the Kenya Power and Lighting Company leading at 10,648
Figure 1: Com
parison of Parastatal Employm
ent Ratios w
ith National Po
pulation Ratio
s
0 5 10 15 20 25
Kenyan Somali
Turkana
Kamba
Maasai
Meru
Kuria
Tharaka
Teso
Mbeere
Suba
Samburu
Orma
Gosha
Kenyan Asian
Burji
Dasenach
Gabbra
Rendille
Kenyan Arab
Taveta
Galla
Sakuye
Ilchamus
Waat
Gosha
Njemps
Nubi
Borana
Kisii
Swahili
Embu
Mijikenda
Luhya
Taita
Kikuyu
Kalenjin
Luo
Percentage
Parastatal E
mploym
ent V
s Nation
al Popu
lation
56 57
followed byKenya Ports Authority, Kenya Forest Service, Kenya Wildlife Service, Kenyatta National Hospital and the Kenya Revenue Authority with over four thousand employees. This shows that one parastatal chief exercises more influence on job hiring and promotion than a principle secretary given that ministries do not actually hire their own employees. Nevertheless, there are some state corporations that have very few employees. This is illustrated by the Policy Holders Compensation Fund which has only four employees. Others include theIndustrial Property Tribunal, the Kenya National Assurance and the Nairobi centre for international arbitrationwhich have less than seven employees each. Some of the reasons that make ethnic inclusion in parastatals a critical issue especially in the top management isthe fact that these institutions control huge resources, employ big numbers and deliver services in multiple areas from energy to agriculture and medicine to transport among others. Table 3: Number of employees in each State Corporation
Parastatal No. of Employees
1. Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited 10,648 2. Kenya Ports Authority 6543 3. Kenya Forest Service 5,067 4. Kenya Wildlife Service 4760 5. Kenyatta National Hospital 4541 6. Kenya Revenue Authority 4442 7. Postal Corporation of Kenya 3595 8. Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization 3230 9. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital 3118 10. KENGEN 2411 11. National Youth Service 2282 12. Kenya Medical Training College 1,941 13. Kenya Airports Authority 1,936 14. Mumias Sugar Company 1670 15. National Hospital Insurance Fund 1657 16. Kenya Pipeline Company 1640 17. New KCC 1576 18. National Social Security Fund 1400 19. East African Portland Cement Company 1290
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20. Nzoia Sugar Company 1231 21. South Nyanza Sugar Company Limited (Sony Sugar) 1087 22. Kenya Dairy Board 1052 23. National Museums of Kenya (NMK) 1046 24. National Cereals and Produce Board 972 25. Kenya Forestry Research Institute 967 26. Kenya Medical Research Institute 937 27. Kenya Broadcasting Corporation 935 28. Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) 860 29. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute 840 30. Kenya Post Office Savings Bank 786 31. Geothermal Development Company 784 32. Water Resource management authority 783 33. Chemelil Sugar Company 766 34. AFFA 744 35. Muhoroni Sugar Company 716 36. Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA) 674 37. Kenya Rural Roads Authority 668 38. Kenya National Library Service 664 39. Kenya Seed Company 596 40. National Transport and safety Authority 536 41. Kerio Valley Development Authority 527 42. Kenya Utalii College 524 43. Kenya National Bureau of statistics 509 44. Agricultural Finance Corporation 497 45. Kenya National Highway Authority 482 46. Kenya Meat Commission 434 47. Kenya National Examinations Council 415 48. Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) 414 49. Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) 411 50. Tana and Athi Rivers Development Authority 383 51. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) 380 52. Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) 370 53. Agricultural Development Corporation (ADC) 344 54. NG – CDF Board 326 55. Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited 325 56. Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited 309
followed byKenya Ports Authority, Kenya Forest Service, Kenya Wildlife Service, Kenyatta National Hospital and the Kenya Revenue Authority with over four thousand employees. This shows that one parastatal chief exercises more influence on job hiring and promotion than a principle secretary given that ministries do not actually hire their own employees. Nevertheless, there are some state corporations that have very few employees. This is illustrated by the Policy Holders Compensation Fund which has only four employees. Others include theIndustrial Property Tribunal, the Kenya National Assurance and the Nairobi centre for international arbitrationwhich have less than seven employees each. Some of the reasons that make ethnic inclusion in parastatals a critical issue especially in the top management isthe fact that these institutions control huge resources, employ big numbers and deliver services in multiple areas from energy to agriculture and medicine to transport among others. Table 3: Number of employees in each State Corporation
Parastatal No. of Employees
1. Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited 10,648 2. Kenya Ports Authority 6543 3. Kenya Forest Service 5,067 4. Kenya Wildlife Service 4760 5. Kenyatta National Hospital 4541 6. Kenya Revenue Authority 4442 7. Postal Corporation of Kenya 3595 8. Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization 3230 9. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital 3118 10. KENGEN 2411 11. National Youth Service 2282 12. Kenya Medical Training College 1,941 13. Kenya Airports Authority 1,936 14. Mumias Sugar Company 1670 15. National Hospital Insurance Fund 1657 16. Kenya Pipeline Company 1640 17. New KCC 1576 18. National Social Security Fund 1400 19. East African Portland Cement Company 1290
58 59
57. Kenya Medical Supplies Agency 306 58. National Drought Management Authority 293 59. Kenya Ferry Services (KFS) 289 60. Lake Basin Development Authority 286 61. Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation 282 62. Consolidated Bank of Kenya Limited 281 63. Agro Chemical & Food Co. Ltd (ACFC) 278 64. Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) 270 65. Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited 256 66. National Housing Corporation 254 67. Communication authority of Kenya 242 68. Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation (KOFC) 223 69. National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) 219 70. The Coast Water Services Board (CWSB) 218 71. Tourism Fund 212 72. Kenya Institute of Special Education 211 73. National Oil Corporation of Kenya 208 74. Kenya Literature Bureau 207 75. Kenya School of Government (KSG) 207 76. Kenya Railways Corporation 191 77. Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute 181 78. Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited 178 79. Numerical Machining Complex (NMC) 169 80. Bomas of Kenya Limited 161 81. Export Processing Zones Authority 161 82. Rural Electrification Authority 154 83. EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority (ENNDA) 152 84. Coast Development Authority (CDA) 151 85. Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) 140 86. KASNEB 135 87. Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre 134 88. Sports Stadia 129 89. Bukura Agricultural College 126 90. National AIDS Control Council (NACC) 125 91. Jomo Kenyatta Foundation 120 92. Higher Education Loans Board, HELB 114 93. Kenyatta International Convention Centre 112
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94. EwasoNg’iroSouth Water Service Board 109 95. National Construction Authority 102 96. Anti-Counterfeit Agency 102 97. Kenya Water Institute 102 98. National Council for Persons with Disabilities 100
99. Centre for Mathematics, Science and Technology (CEMASTEA) 100
100. National Council for Population and Development 97 101. Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited 95
102. The National Authority for the Campaign against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA) 95
103. The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) 91 104. Micro and Small Enterprises Authority (MSEA) 91 105. Tana Water Services Board (TWSB) 91 106. Kenya Institute of Mass Communication 91 107. Kenya Industrial Property Institute 88 108. Kenya Maritime Authority 84 109. Capital Markets Authority 78 110. Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) 77
111. Development Bank of Kenya 76 112. Railway Training Institute 75 113. Energy Regulatory Commission 74 114. National Council for Law Reporting (NCLR)/ Kenya Law 72 115. Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority 72
116. Insurance Regulatory Authority 72 117. Kenya Tourism Board 72
118. Golf Hotel Kakamega 70 119. Commission for University Education (CUE) 69
120. Kenya National Trading Corporation 68 121. Kenya Investment Authority 67
122. Pest Control Products Board 64 123. Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) 61
124. Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) 61
125. Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) 60 126. NGO Coordination Board 57 127. Tourism Regulatory Authority 56
57. Kenya Medical Supplies Agency 306 58. National Drought Management Authority 293 59. Kenya Ferry Services (KFS) 289 60. Lake Basin Development Authority 286 61. Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation 282 62. Consolidated Bank of Kenya Limited 281 63. Agro Chemical & Food Co. Ltd (ACFC) 278 64. Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) 270 65. Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited 256 66. National Housing Corporation 254 67. Communication authority of Kenya 242 68. Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation (KOFC) 223 69. National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) 219 70. The Coast Water Services Board (CWSB) 218 71. Tourism Fund 212 72. Kenya Institute of Special Education 211 73. National Oil Corporation of Kenya 208 74. Kenya Literature Bureau 207 75. Kenya School of Government (KSG) 207 76. Kenya Railways Corporation 191 77. Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute 181 78. Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited 178 79. Numerical Machining Complex (NMC) 169 80. Bomas of Kenya Limited 161 81. Export Processing Zones Authority 161 82. Rural Electrification Authority 154 83. EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority (ENNDA) 152 84. Coast Development Authority (CDA) 151 85. Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) 140 86. KASNEB 135 87. Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre 134 88. Sports Stadia 129 89. Bukura Agricultural College 126 90. National AIDS Control Council (NACC) 125 91. Jomo Kenyatta Foundation 120 92. Higher Education Loans Board, HELB 114 93. Kenyatta International Convention Centre 112
60 61
128. Public Procurement Oversight Authority 55 129. Athi Water Services Board 55 130. Export Promotion Council 53
131. Kenya Roads Board 53 132. Community Development Trust Fund (CDTF) 53 133. Retirement Benefits Authority 51 134. Kenya Film Classification Board 51 135. Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) 51 136. TANATHI Water Services Board 50
137. National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI) 49
138. Tourism Finance Corporation 48 139. Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) 48 140. Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board 48
141. Women Enterprise Fund 47 142. Kenya Law Reform Commission 44 143. The Local Authorities Provident Fund 41 144. Water Services Trust Fund 40 145. Kenya Tourist Development Corporation 40 146. Kenya Copyright Board 38 147. Witness Protection Agency 38 148. Rift Valley Water Services Board (RVWSB) 37 149. National Biosafety Authority (NBA) 36 150. Kenya Accreditation Service 36
151. Kenya university and college central placement 33 152. National quality control laboratory 33 153. Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority(UFAA) 32 154. Northern Water Services board 31 155. Technical and vocational education and training 31 156. Kenya Vision 2030 Board 29 157. Privatization Commission 28 158. Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) 28 159. Kenya national commission for UNESCO 28 160. Kenya Year Book Editorial Board 27 161. Brand Kenya Board 27 162. Coffee Development Fund 26 163. National Environment Trust Fund (NETFUND) 24
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164. Competition Authority of Kenya 24 165. School Equipment Production Unit (SEPU) 24 166. Kenya Film Commission (KFC) 23 167. Kenya Leather Development Council 22 168. Anti-FGM Board 22 169. Industrial Development Bank Capital Limited 21 170. Kenya veterinary board 21
171. KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority 17 172. The Council of Legal Education 17 173. Kenya academy of sports 17 174. Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund 15 175. Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd 15 176. Water Appeal Boards (WAB) 15 177. National Council for Children's Services (NCCS) 15 178. Kenya Building Research Centre 15 179. National Crime Research Centre 14 180. Kenya Institute of Supplies Management (KISM) 11 181. Institute of Human Resource 10 182. Kenya National Assurance 7 183. Nairobi centre for international arbitration 7 184. Industrial Property Tribunal 6 185. Policy Holders Compensation Fund 4
Individual Compliance among Parastatals Of the 185 state corporations surveyed, 129 complied with the NCI Act since the majority ethnic group in their employment did not exceed 33.3%. Compliant Institutions Areas of Operation Table 4 below illustrates that state corporations with offices in different counties were more compliant. All the ten most compliant institutions have offices in more than one county. The National Social Security Fund operates in 35 counties while the National Council for Persons with Disabilities have offices in 37 counties. Dominant Ethnic Group in most State Corporations Table 4 also shows that 65% of the complying state corporations have drawn the majority of their employees from the Kikuyu ethnic group. This may be attributed to the fact that the
128. Public Procurement Oversight Authority 55 129. Athi Water Services Board 55 130. Export Promotion Council 53
131. Kenya Roads Board 53 132. Community Development Trust Fund (CDTF) 53 133. Retirement Benefits Authority 51 134. Kenya Film Classification Board 51 135. Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) 51 136. TANATHI Water Services Board 50
137. National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI) 49
138. Tourism Finance Corporation 48 139. Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) 48 140. Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board 48
141. Women Enterprise Fund 47 142. Kenya Law Reform Commission 44 143. The Local Authorities Provident Fund 41 144. Water Services Trust Fund 40 145. Kenya Tourist Development Corporation 40 146. Kenya Copyright Board 38 147. Witness Protection Agency 38 148. Rift Valley Water Services Board (RVWSB) 37 149. National Biosafety Authority (NBA) 36 150. Kenya Accreditation Service 36
151. Kenya university and college central placement 33 152. National quality control laboratory 33 153. Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority(UFAA) 32 154. Northern Water Services board 31 155. Technical and vocational education and training 31 156. Kenya Vision 2030 Board 29 157. Privatization Commission 28 158. Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) 28 159. Kenya national commission for UNESCO 28 160. Kenya Year Book Editorial Board 27 161. Brand Kenya Board 27 162. Coffee Development Fund 26 163. National Environment Trust Fund (NETFUND) 24
62 63
Kikuyu are also the majority in national population. However, the representation of the community in any one parastatal where it is a majority is not below its national population percentage, even among the compliant institutions. The least representation of the Kikuyu community is 17.3% in the Kenya Wildlife Service while their national population percentage stands at 17%. The fact that the Kikuyu are the majority in the employment of most institutions and that the community is not underrepresented in any of the offices where they are a majority maybe the main contributors to their general overrepresentation in state corporations. Surviving In Compliance The Table 4 also demonstrates that the largest ethnic group among the employees of four state corporations is composed of 33.3% of the staffing. These institutions include the Kenya Yearbook Editorial Board, the National Council for Children’s Services, the Industrial property Tribunal and the National Environment Trust Fund. They are on the edge of compliance as the constitution of their employees is right on the threshold stipulated in Section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Consequently, these parastatals must actively monitor they subsequent recruitment to ensure continuous compliance. Compliance by Institutions with Inclusion Mandates The study revealed that institutions with inclusion mandates complied with the NCI Act, with one placed at 33.3% edge. These included the National Council for Children’s Services with 33.3%, Kenya Institute of Special Education with 32.7%, Women Enterprise Fund with 27.7%, Youth Enterprise Development Fund with 25.3% and National Council for Persons with Disabilities with 18.0%. Regional Parastatals Table 4 indicates that very few state corporations with regional mandates have complied with the NCI Act. Only two institutions were in the compliant category. These include the KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority and theNorthern Water Services Board. Table 4: Parastatals 2015/16 that have complied with the NCI Act 2008
Parastatal Percentage of the highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
1. Export Processing Zones Authority 16.8 Luhya 2. Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited 17.2 Kalenjin 3. Kenya Wildlife Service 17.3 Kikuyu 4. Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited 17.4 Kalenjin 5. National Social Security Fund 17.5 Kamba
63
Parastatal Percentage of the highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
6. National Drought Management Authority 17.7 Somali 7. Bomas of Kenya Limited 18 Luo
8. National Council for Persons with Disabilities 18 Kikuyu
9. National Museums of Kenya (NMK) 18 Kikuyu 10. Witness Protection Agency 18.4 Kikuyu 11. National Housing Corporation 18.9 Luhya
12. Industrial Development Bank Capital Limited 19 Kikuyu
13. Kenya Medical Training College 19.1 Kikuyu
14. Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited 19.4 Kikuyu
15. Northern Water Services board 19.4 Kamba 16. TVET 19.4 Kikuyu 17. Kenya Literature Bureau 19.6 Luo
18. National Council for Population and Development 19.6 Luhya
19. Kenya Medical Supplies Agency 19.9 Kikuyu 20. NG CDF Board 19.9 Kikuyu 21. National Hospital Insurance Fund 20.1 Kikuyu 22. East African Portland Cement Company 20.2 Kamba 23. Communication Authority of Kenya 20.2 Luhya 24. Geothermal Development Company 20.4 Kikuyu 25. Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) 20.8 Kikuyu 26. Kenya Tourism Board 20.8 Luo 27. Tourism Fund 20.8 Kalenjin
28. Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) 21 Kikuyu
29. Coast Development Authority (CDA) 21.1 Mijikenda 30. Higher Education Loans Board, HELB 21.1 Kikuyu 31. Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited 21.1 Kikuyu 32. NGO Coordination Board 21.1 Luo 33. Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited 21.2 Kamba 34. Energy Regulatory Commission 21.6 Kikuyu 35. Kenya National Trading Corporation 22.1 Kikuyu
Kikuyu are also the majority in national population. However, the representation of the community in any one parastatal where it is a majority is not below its national population percentage, even among the compliant institutions. The least representation of the Kikuyu community is 17.3% in the Kenya Wildlife Service while their national population percentage stands at 17%. The fact that the Kikuyu are the majority in the employment of most institutions and that the community is not underrepresented in any of the offices where they are a majority maybe the main contributors to their general overrepresentation in state corporations. Surviving In Compliance The Table 4 also demonstrates that the largest ethnic group among the employees of four state corporations is composed of 33.3% of the staffing. These institutions include the Kenya Yearbook Editorial Board, the National Council for Children’s Services, the Industrial property Tribunal and the National Environment Trust Fund. They are on the edge of compliance as the constitution of their employees is right on the threshold stipulated in Section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Consequently, these parastatals must actively monitor they subsequent recruitment to ensure continuous compliance. Compliance by Institutions with Inclusion Mandates The study revealed that institutions with inclusion mandates complied with the NCI Act, with one placed at 33.3% edge. These included the National Council for Children’s Services with 33.3%, Kenya Institute of Special Education with 32.7%, Women Enterprise Fund with 27.7%, Youth Enterprise Development Fund with 25.3% and National Council for Persons with Disabilities with 18.0%. Regional Parastatals Table 4 indicates that very few state corporations with regional mandates have complied with the NCI Act. Only two institutions were in the compliant category. These include the KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority and theNorthern Water Services Board. Table 4: Parastatals 2015/16 that have complied with the NCI Act 2008
Parastatal Percentage of the highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
1. Export Processing Zones Authority 16.8 Luhya 2. Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited 17.2 Kalenjin 3. Kenya Wildlife Service 17.3 Kikuyu 4. Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited 17.4 Kalenjin 5. National Social Security Fund 17.5 Kamba
64 65
Parastatal Percentage of the highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
36. Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) 22.2 Kikuyu 37. National Biosafety Authority (NBA) 22.2 Kikuyu 38. National Construction Authority 22.5 Kikuyu 39. Kenya Utalii College 22.7 Kikuyu 40. Rural Electrification Authority 22.7 Kikuyu 41. Anti FGm Board 22.7 Kikuyu 42. AFFA 23.1 Kalenjin 43. Kenya Film Classification Board 23.5 Kalenjin 44. Kenya Academy of Sports 23.5 Kisii 45. Kenya Airports Authority 23.8 Kikuyu 46. National Youth Service 23.8 Kikuyu 47. Kenya Veterinary Board 23.8 Luo 48. Kenya Forest Service 24 Kikuyu 49. Kenya Railways Corporation 24.1 Kikuyu
50. The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) 24.2 Kikuyu
51. National Quality Control Lab 24.2 Kikuyu 52. The Local Authorities Provident Fund 24.4 Kikuyu 53. Kenya National Highway Authority 24.5 Kalenjin 54. Postal Corporation of Kenya 24.6 Kalenjin 55. Jomo Kenyatta Foundation 25 Kikuyu 56. Kenya Industrial Property Institute 25 Kikuyu 57. Kenya Maritime Authority 25 Mijikenda 58. Kenya Tourist Development Corporation 25 Kikuyu 59. Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) 25 Kikuyu 60. Pest Control Products Board 25 Kikuyu 61. Policy Holders Compensation Fund 25 Kikuyu 62. Railway Training Institute 25 Luhya 63. Tourism Finance Corporation 25 Kikuyu 64. Kenya National for Unesco 25 Kikuyu 65. Kenya National Examinations Council 25.3 Kamba 66. Kenya Investment Authority 25.4 Kalenjin 67. Water resource management authority 26.2 Luo 68. Kenya Copyright Board 26.3 Luhya 69. National Oil Corporation of Kenya 26.4 Kikuyu
65
Parastatal Percentage of the highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
70. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics 26.5 Kikuyu
71. Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited 26.5 Kikuyu
72. Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute 26.5 Kalenjin
73. National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) 26.5 Kamba
74. Kenya Broadcasting Corporation 26.6 Kikuyu 75. Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd 26.7 Luo 76. Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund 26.7 Luhya 77. Water Appeal Boards (WAB) 26.7 Luhya 78. Kenya Medical Research Institute 26.8 Kikuyu 79. Tourism Regulatory Authority 26.8 Kikuyu 80. Capital Markets Authority 26.9 Kikuyu 81. Coffee Development Fund 27 Kikuyu
82. Kenya Institute of Supplies Management (KISM) 27 Kikuyu
83. Kenya Pipeline Company 27.1 Kalenjin 84. Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA) 27.3 Kikuyu 85. Kenya Law Reform Commission 27.3 Kamba 86. Kenya Leather Development Council 27.3 Kikuyu 87. Public Procurement Oversight Authority 27.3 Kikuyu 88. Retirement Benefits Authority 27.5 Luo
89. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) 27.6 Kikuyu
90. Women Enterprise Fund 27.7 Kikuyu 91. National Council for Law Reporting (NCLR) 27.8 Kikuyu 92. Export Promotion Council 28.2 Kikuyu 93. Kenya National Library Service 28.3 Kikuyu
94. Tana and Athi Rivers Development Authority 28.3 Kikuyu
95. Kenyatta International Convention Centre 28.5 Luhya
96. Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) 28.6 Kikuyu
97. National Crime Research Centre 28.6 Kikuyu 98. Nairobi centre for International Arbitration 28.6 Luhya/Kikuyu
Parastatal Percentage of the highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
36. Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) 22.2 Kikuyu 37. National Biosafety Authority (NBA) 22.2 Kikuyu 38. National Construction Authority 22.5 Kikuyu 39. Kenya Utalii College 22.7 Kikuyu 40. Rural Electrification Authority 22.7 Kikuyu 41. Anti FGm Board 22.7 Kikuyu 42. AFFA 23.1 Kalenjin 43. Kenya Film Classification Board 23.5 Kalenjin 44. Kenya Academy of Sports 23.5 Kisii 45. Kenya Airports Authority 23.8 Kikuyu 46. National Youth Service 23.8 Kikuyu 47. Kenya Veterinary Board 23.8 Luo 48. Kenya Forest Service 24 Kikuyu 49. Kenya Railways Corporation 24.1 Kikuyu
50. The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) 24.2 Kikuyu
51. National Quality Control Lab 24.2 Kikuyu 52. The Local Authorities Provident Fund 24.4 Kikuyu 53. Kenya National Highway Authority 24.5 Kalenjin 54. Postal Corporation of Kenya 24.6 Kalenjin 55. Jomo Kenyatta Foundation 25 Kikuyu 56. Kenya Industrial Property Institute 25 Kikuyu 57. Kenya Maritime Authority 25 Mijikenda 58. Kenya Tourist Development Corporation 25 Kikuyu 59. Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) 25 Kikuyu 60. Pest Control Products Board 25 Kikuyu 61. Policy Holders Compensation Fund 25 Kikuyu 62. Railway Training Institute 25 Luhya 63. Tourism Finance Corporation 25 Kikuyu 64. Kenya National for Unesco 25 Kikuyu 65. Kenya National Examinations Council 25.3 Kamba 66. Kenya Investment Authority 25.4 Kalenjin 67. Water resource management authority 26.2 Luo 68. Kenya Copyright Board 26.3 Luhya 69. National Oil Corporation of Kenya 26.4 Kikuyu
66 67
Parastatal Percentage of the highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
99. National AIDS Control Council (NACC) 28.8 Kikuyu 100. Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board 29 Kikuyu 101. Numerical Machining Complex (NMC) 29 Luo 102. Insurance Regulatory Authority 29.2 Kikuyu 103. Anti-Counterfeit Agency 29.4 Kalenjin 104. KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority 29.4 Luo 105. Sports stadia 29.5 Kikuyu 106. Water Services Trust Fund 30 Kikuyu 107. Development Bank of Kenya 30 Kikuyu
108. Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) 30.4 Luo
109. Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority 30.6 Luo 110. Kenya Revenue Authority 30.7 Kikuyu
111. Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) 30.9 Kikuyu
112. Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority(UFAA) 31.3 Kikuyu
113. Commission for University Education (CUE) 31.9 Kikuyu
114. Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization 32.1 Kikuyu
115. Privatization Commission 32.1 Kikuyu 116. Kenya Forestry Research Institute 32.3 Kikuyu 117. Consolidated Bank of Kenya Limited 32.4 Kikuyu 118. Kenya Water Institute 32.4 Kikuyu
119. Kenya university and college central placement service 32.4 Kikuyu
120. National Transport and safety Authority 32.5 Kikuyu 121. KENGEN 32.5 Kikuyu 122. Kenya Dairy Board 32.6 Kikuyu 123. Kenya Institute of Special Education 32.7 Kikuyu 124. National Cereals and Produce Board 32.8 Kalenjin 125. Kenyatta National Hospital 32.9 Kikuyu 126. Industrial Property Tribunal 33.3 Kikuyu 127. Kenya Year Book Editorial Board 33.3 Kikuyu 128. National Council for Children's Services 33.3 Kikuyu
67
Parastatal Percentage of the highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
(NCCS)
129. National Environment Trust Fund (NETFUND) 33.3 Kikuyu
Contravening Institutions Regional Mandates Table 5 shows that the ten worst performing Parastatals in regard to complying with the NCI Act have mandates that cover certain regions or counties and not the whole country. As a result, they draw heavily on the local communities within their operation when it comes to recruitment. For instance the Nzoia Sugar Company which is located in Bungoma County and serves farmers in Bungoma and Kakamega counties has 89% of its employees from the Luhya community while the Kerio Valley Development Authority located in Eldoret has recruited 79.1% of its staff from the Kalenjin community. Dominant Community While most of the compliant institutions drew most of their employees from the Kikuyu community as demonstrated in Table 4, Table 5 shows a contrary trend among non-compliant institutions. For instance, only one of the ten worst performing institutions i.e. Tana Water Services Board has the Kikuyu as the majority with 76.9%. Critical State Corporations Although all state corporations must endeavour to comply with section 7(2) of the NCI Act, there are some who must take this call more urgently due to the implications of non-compliance for the country. Value generation and dissemination The Kenya School of Government and the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development are key institutions in the transmission of values to public servants, current and future generations. Given that representation of diversity is one of the national values and principles of the public service, these two institutions ought to lead by example. As a result, their compliance with the NCI Act should be prioritized. Fairness and consolidation of Country hood Parastatals that advocate for fairness, promotion of the Kenyan identity and consolidation of country hood should start by being fair and representing the Kenyan people themselves. For example the Competition Authority of Kenya exists to enhance fair competition
Parastatal Percentage of the highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
99. National AIDS Control Council (NACC) 28.8 Kikuyu 100. Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board 29 Kikuyu 101. Numerical Machining Complex (NMC) 29 Luo 102. Insurance Regulatory Authority 29.2 Kikuyu 103. Anti-Counterfeit Agency 29.4 Kalenjin 104. KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority 29.4 Luo 105. Sports stadia 29.5 Kikuyu 106. Water Services Trust Fund 30 Kikuyu 107. Development Bank of Kenya 30 Kikuyu
108. Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) 30.4 Luo
109. Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority 30.6 Luo 110. Kenya Revenue Authority 30.7 Kikuyu
111. Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) 30.9 Kikuyu
112. Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority(UFAA) 31.3 Kikuyu
113. Commission for University Education (CUE) 31.9 Kikuyu
114. Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization 32.1 Kikuyu
115. Privatization Commission 32.1 Kikuyu 116. Kenya Forestry Research Institute 32.3 Kikuyu 117. Consolidated Bank of Kenya Limited 32.4 Kikuyu 118. Kenya Water Institute 32.4 Kikuyu
119. Kenya university and college central placement service 32.4 Kikuyu
120. National Transport and safety Authority 32.5 Kikuyu 121. KENGEN 32.5 Kikuyu 122. Kenya Dairy Board 32.6 Kikuyu 123. Kenya Institute of Special Education 32.7 Kikuyu 124. National Cereals and Produce Board 32.8 Kalenjin 125. Kenyatta National Hospital 32.9 Kikuyu 126. Industrial Property Tribunal 33.3 Kikuyu 127. Kenya Year Book Editorial Board 33.3 Kikuyu 128. National Council for Children's Services 33.3 Kikuyu
68 69
practices in markets in Kenya. It should therefore adopt fairness in its recruitment to set an example. On the other hand, Brand Kenya Board ought to bring out a positive image and reputation of the Nation. This can bedone by allowing the fair participation of all citizens of the different ethnic backgrounds in employment. ‘Illegal Contravention’ It is incomprehensible to imagine that the Judge can violate the very law that he ought to make a decision on in the pursuit of justice. No wonder, we have termed the contravention of the Council of Legal Education as an illegal contravention. The question is how can the institution promote legal education by contravening the very law it seeks to promote? This implies that the Council of Legal Education ought to address this contravention with urgency. Table 5: Parastatals 2015/16 that have contravened the NCI Act Parastatal Percentage
ofthe highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
1. Nzoia Sugar Company 89 Luhya 2. Kerio Valley Development Authority 79.1 Kalenjin 3. Tana Water Services Board (TWSB) 76.9 Kikuyu 4. Mumias Sugar Company 76.8 Luhya 5. South Nyanza Sugar Company Limited (Sony Sugar) 76.2 Luo 6. TANATHI Water Services Board 76 Kamba 7. Muhoroni Sugar Company 73.2 Luo 8. Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) 72.5 Luhya 9. Golf Hotel Kakamega 71.4 Luhya 10. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital 68.1 Kalenjin 11. Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) 63.3 Luo 12. Kenya Building Research Centre 60 Kikuyu 13. The Coast Water Services Board (CWSB) 58.7 Mijikenda 14. Agro Chemical & Food Co. Ltd (ACFC) 57.9 Luo 15. Bukura Agricultural College 56.3 Luhya 16. Kenya Accountants and Secretaries National
Examinations Board 56.3 Kikuyu
17. Lake Basin Development Authority 53.5 Luo 18. Kenya Ferry Services (KFS) 52.3 Mijikenda 19. EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority (ENNDA) 50 Somali 20. Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation (KOFC) 49.8 Kalenjin 21. EwasoNg'iro South water service Board 49.5 Maasai
69
Parastatal Percentage ofthe highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
22. Rift Valley Water Services Board (RVWSB) 48.6 Kalenjin 23. Chemelil Sugar Company 48.4 Luo 24. Kenya Seed Company 45.1 Kalenjin 25. Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre 44.8 Kikuyu 26. Centre for Mathematics, Science and Technology
(CEMASTEA) 43 Kikuyu
27. Kenya National Assurance 42.8 Kalenjin 28. School Equipment Production Unit (SEPU) 41.7 Kikuyu 29. Kenya Meat Commission 41 Kamba 30. Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) 40 Luo 31. Institute of human resource management 40 kikuyu 32. Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation 39.6 Kalenjin 33. Kenya School of Government (KSG) 39.1 Kikuyu 34. Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) 38.9 Kikuyu 35. The National Authority for the Campaign against Alcohol
and Drug Abuse (NACADA) 38.9 Kikuyu
36. Competition Authority of Kenya 37.5 Kikuyu 37. Kenya Post Office Savings Bank 37.5 Kalenjin 38. Kenya Institute of Mass Communication 37.4 Kikuyu 39. Brand Kenya Board 37 Kikuyu 40. Kenya rural roads authority 36.7 kikuyu 41. Athi Water Services Board 36.4 Kikuyu 42. Kenya Ports Authority 36.3 Mijikenda 43. Kenya Accreditation Services 36.1 Kikuyu 44. Community Development Trust Fund 35.8 Kikuyu 45. Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) 35.7 Kikuyu 46. The Council of Legal Education 35.3 Luhya 47. Agricultural Development Corporation (ADC) 35 Kalenjin 48. Kenya Film Commission (KFC) 34.8 Kikuyu 49. National Commission for Science, Technology and
Innovation (NACOSTI) 34.7 Kikuyu
50. Kenya Vision 2030 Board 34.5 Kikuyu 51. Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis
(KIPPRA) 34.4 Kikuyu
52. Micro and Small Enterprises Authority (MSEA) 34.1 Kikuyu
practices in markets in Kenya. It should therefore adopt fairness in its recruitment to set an example. On the other hand, Brand Kenya Board ought to bring out a positive image and reputation of the Nation. This can bedone by allowing the fair participation of all citizens of the different ethnic backgrounds in employment. ‘Illegal Contravention’ It is incomprehensible to imagine that the Judge can violate the very law that he ought to make a decision on in the pursuit of justice. No wonder, we have termed the contravention of the Council of Legal Education as an illegal contravention. The question is how can the institution promote legal education by contravening the very law it seeks to promote? This implies that the Council of Legal Education ought to address this contravention with urgency. Table 5: Parastatals 2015/16 that have contravened the NCI Act Parastatal Percentage
ofthe highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
1. Nzoia Sugar Company 89 Luhya 2. Kerio Valley Development Authority 79.1 Kalenjin 3. Tana Water Services Board (TWSB) 76.9 Kikuyu 4. Mumias Sugar Company 76.8 Luhya 5. South Nyanza Sugar Company Limited (Sony Sugar) 76.2 Luo 6. TANATHI Water Services Board 76 Kamba 7. Muhoroni Sugar Company 73.2 Luo 8. Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) 72.5 Luhya 9. Golf Hotel Kakamega 71.4 Luhya 10. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital 68.1 Kalenjin 11. Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) 63.3 Luo 12. Kenya Building Research Centre 60 Kikuyu 13. The Coast Water Services Board (CWSB) 58.7 Mijikenda 14. Agro Chemical & Food Co. Ltd (ACFC) 57.9 Luo 15. Bukura Agricultural College 56.3 Luhya 16. Kenya Accountants and Secretaries National
Examinations Board 56.3 Kikuyu
17. Lake Basin Development Authority 53.5 Luo 18. Kenya Ferry Services (KFS) 52.3 Mijikenda 19. EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority (ENNDA) 50 Somali 20. Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation (KOFC) 49.8 Kalenjin 21. EwasoNg'iro South water service Board 49.5 Maasai
70 71
Parastatal Percentage ofthe highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
53. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute 34 Luo 54. Kenya Roads Board 34 Kikuyu 55. Kenya School of Law 33.8 Luhya 56. New KCC 33.5 Kikuyu
Diversity in Parastatals Despite the arguments surrounding ethnic categorization in Kenya, there is no parastatal that has all the recognized forty two ethnic groups in Kenya. The Kenya Ports Authority has recruited the highest number of ethnic groups i.e. 34. It is followed by the Kenya Forest Service, the Kenya Airports Authority and the Kenya Revenue Authority who all have 30 ethnic groups within their staffing. Table 6: Representation of Parastatals 2015/16 with the Number of ethnic groups
Parastatal No.of Ethnic groups
1. Kenya Ports Authority 34 2. Kenya Forest Service 30 3. Kenya Revenue Authority 30 4. Kenya Airports Authority 30 5. Postal Corporation of Kenya 29 6. Kenyatta National Hospital 28 7. National Hospital Insurance Fund 28 8. Kenya Pipeline Company 27 9. National Transport and safety Authority 27 10. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital 26 11. Kenya Medical Training College 26 12. Kenya Wildlife Service 25 13. Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization 25 14. National Museums of Kenya (NMK) 25 15. National Youth Service 24 16. National Social Security Fund 23 17. Kenya Broadcasting Corporation 22 18. National Drought Management Authority 22 19. KENGEN 22 20. Kenya Medical Research Institute 21 21. Kenya National Bureau of statistics 21
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Parastatal No.of Ethnic groups
22. The National Authority for the Campaign against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA) 21
23. NG-CDF Board 21 24. Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited 20 25. AFFA 20 26. Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA) 20 27. Agricultural Finance Corporation 20 28. Water Resource Management Authority 20 29. Kenya Dairy Board 19 30. Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) 19 31. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute 19 32. Kenya Utalii College 19 33. Kenya National Examinations Council 19 34. East African Portland Cement Company 18 35. Kenya Forestry Research Institute 18 36. Kenya Post Office Savings Bank 18 37. Kenya National Library Service 18 38. Agricultural Development Corporation (ADC) 18 39. Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) 18 40. The Coast Water Services Board (CWSB) 18 41. Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited 18 42. New KCC 17 43. Tana and Athi Rivers Development Authority 17 44. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) 17 45. Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited 17 46. Bomas of Kenya Limited 17 47. Communications Authority of Kenya 17 48. National Cereals and Produce Board 16 49. Kenya Meat Commission 16 50. Consolidated Bank of Kenya Limited 16 51. Tourism Fund 16 52. Kenya Literature Bureau 16 53. National Council for Persons with Disabilities 16 54. Public Oversight Authority 16 55. Kenya Rural Roads Authority 16 56. Geothermal Development Company 15
Parastatal Percentage ofthe highest Ethnic Group
Highest ethnic group
53. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute 34 Luo 54. Kenya Roads Board 34 Kikuyu 55. Kenya School of Law 33.8 Luhya 56. New KCC 33.5 Kikuyu
Diversity in Parastatals Despite the arguments surrounding ethnic categorization in Kenya, there is no parastatal that has all the recognized forty two ethnic groups in Kenya. The Kenya Ports Authority has recruited the highest number of ethnic groups i.e. 34. It is followed by the Kenya Forest Service, the Kenya Airports Authority and the Kenya Revenue Authority who all have 30 ethnic groups within their staffing. Table 6: Representation of Parastatals 2015/16 with the Number of ethnic groups
Parastatal No.of Ethnic groups
1. Kenya Ports Authority 34 2. Kenya Forest Service 30 3. Kenya Revenue Authority 30 4. Kenya Airports Authority 30 5. Postal Corporation of Kenya 29 6. Kenyatta National Hospital 28 7. National Hospital Insurance Fund 28 8. Kenya Pipeline Company 27 9. National Transport and safety Authority 27 10. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital 26 11. Kenya Medical Training College 26 12. Kenya Wildlife Service 25 13. Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization 25 14. National Museums of Kenya (NMK) 25 15. National Youth Service 24 16. National Social Security Fund 23 17. Kenya Broadcasting Corporation 22 18. National Drought Management Authority 22 19. KENGEN 22 20. Kenya Medical Research Institute 21 21. Kenya National Bureau of statistics 21
72 73
Parastatal No.of Ethnic groups
57. Chemelil Sugar Company 15 58. Kenya Seed Company 15 59. Kerio Valley Development Authority 15 60. Kenya National Highway Authority 15 61. Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) 15 62. Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited 15 63. National Oil Corporation of Kenya 15 64. Kenya School of Government (KSG) 15 65. Kenya Railways Corporation 15 66. EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority (ENNDA) 15 67. National Council for Population and Development 15 68. Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited 15 69. South Nyanza Sugar Company Limited (Sony Sugar) 14 70. Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) 14 71. Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited 14 72. National Housing Corporation 14 73. Kenya Institute of Special Education 14 74. Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute 14 75. Export Processing Zones Authority 14 76. KASNEB 14 77. National AIDS Control Council (NACC) 14 78. Tourism Regulatory Authority 14 79. Kenya Film Classification Board 14 80. Kenya Medical Supplies Agency 13 81. Kenya Ferry Services (KFS) 13 82. Agro Chemical & Food Co. Ltd (ACFC) 13 83. National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) 13 84. Rural Electrification Authority 13 85. Higher Education Loans Board, HELB 13 86. The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) 13 87. Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) 13 88. Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) 13 89. Mumias Sugar Company 12 90. Nzoia Sugar Company 12 91. Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation (KOFC) 12
73
Parastatal No.of Ethnic groups
92. Numerical Machining Complex (NMC) 12 93. Jomo Kenyatta Foundation 12 94. Anti-Counterfeit Agency 12 95. Kenya Industrial Property Institute 12 96. Kenya Maritime Authority 12 97. Capital Markets Authority 12 98. Railway Training Institute 12 99. Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority 12 100. Kenya Tourism Board 12 101. Export Promotion Council 12 102. Kenya Roads Board 12 103. Tourism Finance Corporation 12 104. Kenya Tourist Development Corporation 12 105. Muhoroni Sugar Company 11 106. Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) 11 107. Coast Development Authority (CDA) 11 108. Kenyatta International Convention Centre 11 109. National Construction Authority 11 110. Micro and Small Enterprises Authority (MSEA) 11 111. Kenya Institute of Mass Communication 11 112. Kenya National Trading Corporation 11 113. Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) 11
114. National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI) 11
115. Women Enterprise Fund 11 116. Kenya Copyright Board 11 117. Kenya Vision 2030 Board 11 118. National Quality Control Laboratory 11 119. Sports stadia 11 120. Lake Basin Development Authority 10 121. Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre 10 122. EwasoNg’iro North Water Service Board 10 123. Centre for Mathematics, Science and Technology (CEMASTEA) 10 124. Energy Regulatory Commission 10 125. Insurance Regulatory Authority 10 126. Pest Control Products Board 10
Parastatal No.of Ethnic groups
57. Chemelil Sugar Company 15 58. Kenya Seed Company 15 59. Kerio Valley Development Authority 15 60. Kenya National Highway Authority 15 61. Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) 15 62. Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited 15 63. National Oil Corporation of Kenya 15 64. Kenya School of Government (KSG) 15 65. Kenya Railways Corporation 15 66. EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority (ENNDA) 15 67. National Council for Population and Development 15 68. Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited 15 69. South Nyanza Sugar Company Limited (Sony Sugar) 14 70. Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) 14 71. Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited 14 72. National Housing Corporation 14 73. Kenya Institute of Special Education 14 74. Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute 14 75. Export Processing Zones Authority 14 76. KASNEB 14 77. National AIDS Control Council (NACC) 14 78. Tourism Regulatory Authority 14 79. Kenya Film Classification Board 14 80. Kenya Medical Supplies Agency 13 81. Kenya Ferry Services (KFS) 13 82. Agro Chemical & Food Co. Ltd (ACFC) 13 83. National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) 13 84. Rural Electrification Authority 13 85. Higher Education Loans Board, HELB 13 86. The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) 13 87. Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) 13 88. Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) 13 89. Mumias Sugar Company 12 90. Nzoia Sugar Company 12 91. Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation (KOFC) 12
74 75
Parastatal No.of Ethnic groups
127. NGO Coordination Board 10 128. Community Development Trust Fund (CDTF) 10 129. The Local Authorities Provident Fund 10 130. Water Services Trust Fund 10 131. Witness Protection Agency 10 132. National Biosafety Authority (NBA) 10 133. Northern Water Services board 10 134. Coffee Development Fund 10 135. Industrial Development Bank Capital Limited 10 136. Anti-FGM Board 10
137. Technical and Vocational Education and Training Authority 10
138. Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) 9 139. Bukura Agricultural College 9 140. Kenya Water Institute 9 141. Commission for University Education (CUE) 9 142. Kenya Investment Authority 9 143. Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) 9 144. Athi Water Services Board 9 145. Retirements Benefits Authority 9 146. Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board 9 147. Kenya Law Reform Commission 9 148. Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) 9 149. National Environment Trust Fund (NETFUND) 9 150. Competition Authority of Kenya 9 151. Kenya Leather Development Council 9 152. Policy Holders Compensation Fund 9
153. Kenya University and College Central Placement 9
154. Kenya Vetinary Board 9 155. Development Bank of Kenya 9 156. Kenya National Commission for UNESCO 9 157. Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation 8 158. Tana Water Services Board (TWSB) 8 159. National Council for Law Reporting (NCLR)/ Kenya Law 8 160. Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority(UFAA) 8
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Parastatal No.of Ethnic groups
161. Privatization Commission 8 162. Kenya Year Book Editorial Board 8 163. National Crime Research Centre 8 164. Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) 7 165. TANATHI Water Services Board 7 166. Rift Valley Water Services Board (RVWSB) 7 167. Kenya Accreditation Service 7 168. Brand Kenya Board 7 169. School Equipment Production Unit (SEPU) 7 170. Kenya Film Commission (KFC) 7 171. KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority 7 172. Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund 7 173. Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd 7 174. Water Appeal Boards (WAB) 7 175. National Council for Children's Services (NCCS) 7 176. Kenya Academy of Sports 7 177. The Council of Legal Education 6 178. Golf Hotel Kakamega 6 179. Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) 5 180. Industrial Property Tribunal 5 181. Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration 5 182. Kenyan Building Research Centre 4 183. Kenya Institute of Supplies Management (KISM) 4 184. Kenya National Assurance 4 185. Institute of Human Resource 4
Diversity among CEOs of Parastatals The research also sought to find out the ethnic composition of the CEOs of parastatals. Table 8 below outlines the heads of parastatals and their ethnic affiliation. Tables 7and 8 illustrate that the ethnic representation among CEOs in state corporations is within the limits stipulated in the NCI Act since the highest ethnic group represented, the Kikuyu,stands at 22.2%. Moreover, the appointment of CEOs in parastatals has accommodated minority communities such as the Suba, Teso, Turkana and Maasai among others. Nevertheless, the CEOs who are numbering 185 are drawn from only eighteen ethnic groups. This begs the
Parastatal No.of Ethnic groups
127. NGO Coordination Board 10 128. Community Development Trust Fund (CDTF) 10 129. The Local Authorities Provident Fund 10 130. Water Services Trust Fund 10 131. Witness Protection Agency 10 132. National Biosafety Authority (NBA) 10 133. Northern Water Services board 10 134. Coffee Development Fund 10 135. Industrial Development Bank Capital Limited 10 136. Anti-FGM Board 10
137. Technical and Vocational Education and Training Authority 10
138. Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) 9 139. Bukura Agricultural College 9 140. Kenya Water Institute 9 141. Commission for University Education (CUE) 9 142. Kenya Investment Authority 9 143. Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) 9 144. Athi Water Services Board 9 145. Retirements Benefits Authority 9 146. Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board 9 147. Kenya Law Reform Commission 9 148. Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) 9 149. National Environment Trust Fund (NETFUND) 9 150. Competition Authority of Kenya 9 151. Kenya Leather Development Council 9 152. Policy Holders Compensation Fund 9
153. Kenya University and College Central Placement 9
154. Kenya Vetinary Board 9 155. Development Bank of Kenya 9 156. Kenya National Commission for UNESCO 9 157. Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation 8 158. Tana Water Services Board (TWSB) 8 159. National Council for Law Reporting (NCLR)/ Kenya Law 8 160. Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority(UFAA) 8
76 77
question of whether representation of the face of Kenya as obligated by the Constitution is actually fulfilled especially when over twenty five ethnic groups are excluded from this opportunity while over 40 members are drawn from one ethnic group. Table 7: Ethnic Groups of Parastatal Heads Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 41 22.2 Kalenjin 30 16.2 Luo 30 16.2 Luhya 25 13.5 Kisii 12 6.5 Kamba 10 5.4 Meru 9 4.9 Somali 8 4.3 Maasai 6 3.2 Mijikenda 3 1.6 Embu 3 1.6 Swahili 2 1.1 Asian 1 0.5 Suba 1 0.5 Teso 1 0.5 Tharaka 1 0.5 Turkana 1 0.5 Foreigner 1 0.5 Total 185 100.0
Table 8: The Ethnic Affiliation of Parastatals Heads
Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
1. Kenya Copyright Board Luhya Luhya 2. Export Promotion Council Luo Kikuyu
3. National Council for Law Reporting (NCLR)/ Kenya Law Kalenjin Kikuyu
4. Kenya Investment Authority Meru Kalenjin 5. Kenya Maritime Authority Kikuyu Mijikenda 6. Kenya Forestry Research Institute Luhya Kikuyu 7. Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited Mijikenda Kamba 8. The Local Authorities Provident Fund Kalenjin Kikuyu
77
Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
9. Kenya Forest Service Kikuyu Kikuyu 10. Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund Kikuyu Luhya 11. Kenya Medical Supplies Agency Kikuyu Kikuyu 12. Kenya Medical Training College Luo Kikuyu 13. Kenya Institute of Special Education Kalenjin Kikuyu 14. Kenya Airports Authority Kikuyu Kikuyu 15. Kenya Industrial Property Institute Luo Kikuyu 16. Kenya Literature Bureau Luo Luo 17. Kenya National Examinations Council Kamba Kamba 18. Agricultural Finance Corporation Luhya Kalenjin
19. KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority Kalenjin Luo
20. Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited Kalenjin Kikuyu
21. Kenya Revenue Authority Kikuyu Kikuyu 22. Kenya Leather Development Council Kikuyu Kikuyu 23. National Construction Authority Luo Kikuyu 24. National Biosafety Authority (NBA Kalenjin Kikuyu
25. National Council for Persons with Disabilities Somali Kikuyu
26. Pest Control Products Board Luo Kikuyu 27. Retirements Benefits Authority Luo Luo 28. Water Services Trust Fund Somali Kikuyu
29. Industrial Development Bank Capital Limited Maasai Kikuyu
30. Jomo Kenyatta Foundation Luhya Kikuyu 31. Tourism Finance Corporation Kikuyu Kikuyu
32. Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Kalenjin Kikuyu
33. Kenya Medical Research Institute Maasai Kikuyu
34. Tana and Athi Rivers Development Authority Kikuyu Kikuyu
35. Geothermal Development Company Luhya Kikuyu 36. Kenya Utalii College Kisii Kikuyu 37. National Crime Research Centre Suba Kikuyu 38. Kenya Year Book Editorial Board Kisii Kikuyu
question of whether representation of the face of Kenya as obligated by the Constitution is actually fulfilled especially when over twenty five ethnic groups are excluded from this opportunity while over 40 members are drawn from one ethnic group. Table 7: Ethnic Groups of Parastatal Heads Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 41 22.2 Kalenjin 30 16.2 Luo 30 16.2 Luhya 25 13.5 Kisii 12 6.5 Kamba 10 5.4 Meru 9 4.9 Somali 8 4.3 Maasai 6 3.2 Mijikenda 3 1.6 Embu 3 1.6 Swahili 2 1.1 Asian 1 0.5 Suba 1 0.5 Teso 1 0.5 Tharaka 1 0.5 Turkana 1 0.5 Foreigner 1 0.5 Total 185 100.0
Table 8: The Ethnic Affiliation of Parastatals Heads
Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
1. Kenya Copyright Board Luhya Luhya 2. Export Promotion Council Luo Kikuyu
3. National Council for Law Reporting (NCLR)/ Kenya Law Kalenjin Kikuyu
4. Kenya Investment Authority Meru Kalenjin 5. Kenya Maritime Authority Kikuyu Mijikenda 6. Kenya Forestry Research Institute Luhya Kikuyu 7. Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited Mijikenda Kamba 8. The Local Authorities Provident Fund Kalenjin Kikuyu
78 79
Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
39. Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority Kamba Luo 40. Tourism Regulatory Authority Kalenjin Kikuyu 41. National Youth Service Kikuyu Kikuyu 42. Kenya Law Reform Commission Luo Kamba 43. AFFA Meru Kalenjin 44. Higher Education Loans Board, HELB Meru Kikuyu 45. Postal Corporation of Kenya Kisii Kalenjin 46. Kenya Accreditation Service Kalenjin Kikuyu 47. National Oil Corporation of Kenya Swahili Kikuyu 48. National Cereals and Produce Board Kalenjin Kalenjin
49. National Council for Population and Development Embu Luhya
50. NGO Coordination Board Luo Luo 51. National Housing Corporation Kikuyu Luhya 52. National Hospital Insurance Fund Kikuyu Kikuyu 53. Northern Water Services board Somali Kamba 54. Insurance Regulatory Authority Kamba Kikuyu
55. Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited Kamba Kikuyu
56. National Social Security Fund Kalenjin Kamba 57. Policy Holders Compensation Fund Kikuyu Kikuyu 58. Kenya National Trading Corporation Kikuyu Kikuyu
59. Kenyatta International Convention Centre Luhya Luhya
60. Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited Meru Kikuyu 61. Capital Markets Authority Meru Kikuyu 62. Kenyatta National Hospital Kalenjin Kikuyu 63. National Transport and safety Authority Maasai Kikuyu 64. Kenya Railways Corporation Kikuyu Kikuyu 65. Kenya Pipeline Company Kalenjin Kalenjin 66. Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd Luo Luo 67. Kenya National Highway Authority Luo Kalenjin 68. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Kikuyu Kikuyu 69. Energy Regulatory Commission Kikuyu Kikuyu
70. Commission for University Education (CUE Kalenjin Kikuyu
79
Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
71. Privatization Commission Kalenjin Kikuyu
72. Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) Kisii Kikuyu
73. Anti-Counterfeit Agency Turkana Kalenjin 74. Water Appeal Boards (WAB) Luhya Luhya 75. Bomas of Kenya Limited Somali Luo 76. Tourism Fund Luhya Kalenjin 77. Kenya Tourism Board Kikuyu Luo
78. National Council for Children's Services (NCCS) Somali Kikuyu
79. National Museums of Kenya (NMK) Tharaka Kikuyu 80. Women Enterprise Fund Meru Kikuyu
81. Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) Kikuyu Kikuyu
82. Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) Luhya Kikuyu
83. Kenya Broadcasting Corporation Kikuyu Kikuyu 84. Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) Kisii Kikuyu 85. Kenya Film Classification Board Kamba Kalenjin 86. Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited Kisii Kalenjin 87. Industrial Property Tribunal Luo Kikuyu
88. Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) Kisii Luo
89. Kenya National Library Service Kisii Kikuyu 90. Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) Kamba Kikuyu 91. Kenya Water Institute Luo Kikuyu 92. Kenya Wildlife Service Kalenjin Kikuyu 93. Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) Maasai Kikuyu 94. National AIDS Control Council (NACC) Kamba Kikuyu
95. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) Kikuyu Kikuyu
96. National Environment Trust Fund (NETFUND) Kikuyu Kikuyu
97. Numerical Machining Complex (NMC) Luo Luo
98. National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) Kikuyu Kamba
Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
39. Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority Kamba Luo 40. Tourism Regulatory Authority Kalenjin Kikuyu 41. National Youth Service Kikuyu Kikuyu 42. Kenya Law Reform Commission Luo Kamba 43. AFFA Meru Kalenjin 44. Higher Education Loans Board, HELB Meru Kikuyu 45. Postal Corporation of Kenya Kisii Kalenjin 46. Kenya Accreditation Service Kalenjin Kikuyu 47. National Oil Corporation of Kenya Swahili Kikuyu 48. National Cereals and Produce Board Kalenjin Kalenjin
49. National Council for Population and Development Embu Luhya
50. NGO Coordination Board Luo Luo 51. National Housing Corporation Kikuyu Luhya 52. National Hospital Insurance Fund Kikuyu Kikuyu 53. Northern Water Services board Somali Kamba 54. Insurance Regulatory Authority Kamba Kikuyu
55. Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited Kamba Kikuyu
56. National Social Security Fund Kalenjin Kamba 57. Policy Holders Compensation Fund Kikuyu Kikuyu 58. Kenya National Trading Corporation Kikuyu Kikuyu
59. Kenyatta International Convention Centre Luhya Luhya
60. Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited Meru Kikuyu 61. Capital Markets Authority Meru Kikuyu 62. Kenyatta National Hospital Kalenjin Kikuyu 63. National Transport and safety Authority Maasai Kikuyu 64. Kenya Railways Corporation Kikuyu Kikuyu 65. Kenya Pipeline Company Kalenjin Kalenjin 66. Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd Luo Luo 67. Kenya National Highway Authority Luo Kalenjin 68. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics Kikuyu Kikuyu 69. Energy Regulatory Commission Kikuyu Kikuyu
70. Commission for University Education (CUE Kalenjin Kikuyu
80 81
Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
99. East African Portland Cement Company Kamba Kamba 100. Public Procurement Oversight Authority Luo Kikuyu 101. Rural Electrification Authority Kikuyu Kikuyu
102. The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) Luhya Kikuyu
103. Witness Protection Agency Kisii Kikuyu 104. Export Processing Zones Authority Luhya Luhya 105. Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA) Kikuyu Kikuyu 106. Kenya Ferry Services (KFS) Mijikenda Mijikenda 107. Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre Luhya Kikuyu 108. Kenya National Assurance Meru Kalenjin 109. Agro Chemical&Food Co. Ltd(ACFC) Asian Luo 110. Athi Water Services Board Foreigner Kikuyu 111. Consolidated Bank of Kenya Limited Kamba Kikuyu
112. EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority (ENNDA) Somali Somali
113. Kerio Valley Development Authority Kalenjin Kalenjin 114. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital Kalenjin Kalenjin
115. Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation Kalenjin Kalenjin
116. Nzoia Sugar Company Luhya Luhya
117. The National Authority for the Campaign against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA)
Teso Kikuyu
118. Kenya Post Office Savings Bank Kikuyu Kalenjin
119. Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) Luhya Luo
120. Kenya Seed Company Kalenjin Kalenjin
121. Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation (KOFC) Kalenjin Kalenjin
122. Kenya School of Government (KSG) Luhya Kikuyu 123. Competition Authority of Kenya Kikuyu Kikuyu
124. Agricultural Development Corporation (ADC) Kalenjin Kalenjin
125. Brand Kenya Board Kikuyu Kikuyu 126. New KCC Kalenjin Kikuyu
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Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
127. Lake Basin Development Authority Luo Luo 128. Mumias Sugar Company Luo Luhya
129. Centre for Mathematics, Science and Technology (CEMASTEA) Kikuyu Kikuyu
130. Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) Luo Kikuyu
131. Kenya Institute of Supplies Management (KISM) Luhya Kikuyu
132. The Council of Legal Education Luhya Luhya 133. Kenyan Building Research Centre Kikuyu Kikuyu 134. Kenya Roads Board Luo Kikuyu 135. Kenya Vision 2030 Board Kikuyu Kikuyu
136. School Equipment Production Unit (SEPU) Luhya Kikuyu
137. Muhoroni Sugar Company Luo Luo
138. National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI) Kalenjin Kikuyu
139. South Nyanza Sugar Company Limited (Sony Sugar) Luo Luo
140. TANATHI Water Services Board Kamba Kamba 141. The Coast Water Services Board (CWSB) Kisii Mijikenda
142. Micro and Small Enterprises Authority (MSEA) Kikuyu Kikuyu
143. Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) Luhya Luo
144. Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) Luhya Luhya
145. Tana Water Services Board (TWSB) Meru Kikuyu
146. Rift Valley Water Services Board (RVWSB) Kalenjin Kalenjin
147. Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) Kikuyu Kikuyu
148. Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) Luhya Kikuyu
149. Bukura Agricultural College Luhya Luhya 150. Chemelil Sugar Company Luo Luo 151. Coast Development Authority (CDA) Kikuyu Mijikenda
Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
99. East African Portland Cement Company Kamba Kamba 100. Public Procurement Oversight Authority Luo Kikuyu 101. Rural Electrification Authority Kikuyu Kikuyu
102. The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) Luhya Kikuyu
103. Witness Protection Agency Kisii Kikuyu 104. Export Processing Zones Authority Luhya Luhya 105. Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA) Kikuyu Kikuyu 106. Kenya Ferry Services (KFS) Mijikenda Mijikenda 107. Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre Luhya Kikuyu 108. Kenya National Assurance Meru Kalenjin 109. Agro Chemical&Food Co. Ltd(ACFC) Asian Luo 110. Athi Water Services Board Foreigner Kikuyu 111. Consolidated Bank of Kenya Limited Kamba Kikuyu
112. EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority (ENNDA) Somali Somali
113. Kerio Valley Development Authority Kalenjin Kalenjin 114. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital Kalenjin Kalenjin
115. Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation Kalenjin Kalenjin
116. Nzoia Sugar Company Luhya Luhya
117. The National Authority for the Campaign against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA)
Teso Kikuyu
118. Kenya Post Office Savings Bank Kikuyu Kalenjin
119. Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) Luhya Luo
120. Kenya Seed Company Kalenjin Kalenjin
121. Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation (KOFC) Kalenjin Kalenjin
122. Kenya School of Government (KSG) Luhya Kikuyu 123. Competition Authority of Kenya Kikuyu Kikuyu
124. Agricultural Development Corporation (ADC) Kalenjin Kalenjin
125. Brand Kenya Board Kikuyu Kikuyu 126. New KCC Kalenjin Kikuyu
82 83
Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
152. Community Development Trust Fund Kalenjin Kikuyu 153. Kenya Film Commission (KFC) Kikuyu Kikuyu 154. Kenya Meat Commission Kalenjin Kamba
155. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute Swahili Luo
156. Kenya Ports Authority Kikuyu Mijikenda
157. Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute Luhya Kalenjin
158. Retirement Benefits Authority Luo Luo 159. Kenya Institute of Mass Communication Meru Kikuyu 160. Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited Kikuyu Kalenjin 161. Kenya Dairy Board Kikuyu Kikuyu 162. Kenya Tourist Development Corporation Luhya Kikuyu 163. Kenya Nuclear Electric Board Luo Kikuyu
164. Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority(UFAA) Kikuyu Kikuyu
165. EwasoNg’iro South Development Authority (ENSDA) Maasai Maasai
166. National Disaster Management Authority Luo Somali 167. Coffee Development Fund Kalenjin Kikuyu 168. Kenya School of Law Luo Luhya
169. National Government Constituencies Development Fund Board (NG-CDF BOARD)
Somali Kikuyu
170. Golf Hotel Kakamega Luo Luhya 171. National Quality Control Laboratories Kalenjin Kikuyu 172. Development Bank of Kenya Luo Kikuyu 173. Anti FGM Board Maasai Kikuyu 174. Kenya National Commission for Unesco Embu Kikuyu
175. Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration Kikuyu Kikuyu
176. Kenya Veterinary Board Luo Luo 177. Kenya Academy of Sports Kisii Kisii 178. Communications Authority of Kenya Luhya Luhya 179. TVET Kalenjin Kikuyu 180. Water Resource Management Authority Somali Luo
83
Parastatal
181. Institute of Human Resource Management
182. Kenya Rural Roads Authority
183. Kengen
184. Kenya university and college central placement service
185. Sports Stadia Gender Representation among CEOs of Parastatals87.3% of the CEOs are male while only 12.7% are female. The gender representation among CEOs of parastatals goes against the stipulation of Article 27(8) of the Constitution which states that not more than twobe of the same gender.
Figure 2: Gender Representation Dominant Communities in Regional ParastatalsIn this study, regional Parastatals are state corporations whiclimited to one part of the country. Most of them are located in the counties. Findings demonstrate that parastatals that are headquartered in particular regions in the country tend to have more of the locals than any other ethnic workforce. Domination of public service by “indigenous ethnic groups” seems like a practice
Percentage
87.6
Gender Representation of Parastatal CEOs
Male
Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
Institute of Human Resource Kisii Kikuyu
Kenya Rural Roads Authority Luo KikuyuEmbu Kikuyu
Kenya university and college central Kikuyu Kikuyu
Mijikenda Kikuyu
ender Representation among CEOs of Parastatals 87.3% of the CEOs are male while only 12.7% are female. The gender representation among CEOs of parastatals goes against the stipulation of Article 27(8) of the Constitution which states that not more than two-thirds of the members of elective or appointive bodies shall
: Gender Representation
in Regional Parastatals In this study, regional Parastatals are state corporations which have mandates that are
part of the country. Most of them are located in the counties.
Findings demonstrate that parastatals that are headquartered in particular regions in the country tend to have more of the locals than any other ethnic representation in the workforce. Domination of public service by “indigenous ethnic groups” seems like a practice
Percentage
12.4
Gender Representation of Parastatal CEOs
Male Female
Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
Kikuyu
Kikuyu Kikuyu
Kikuyu
Kikuyu
87.3% of the CEOs are male while only 12.7% are female. The gender representation among CEOs of parastatals goes against the stipulation of Article 27(8) of the Constitution which
thirds of the members of elective or appointive bodies shall
h have mandates that are
Findings demonstrate that parastatals that are headquartered in particular regions in the representation in the
workforce. Domination of public service by “indigenous ethnic groups” seems like a practice
Parastatal Ethnic Group of CEO Majority Ethnic Group among Staff
152. Community Development Trust Fund Kalenjin Kikuyu 153. Kenya Film Commission (KFC) Kikuyu Kikuyu 154. Kenya Meat Commission Kalenjin Kamba
155. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute Swahili Luo
156. Kenya Ports Authority Kikuyu Mijikenda
157. Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute Luhya Kalenjin
158. Retirement Benefits Authority Luo Luo 159. Kenya Institute of Mass Communication Meru Kikuyu 160. Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited Kikuyu Kalenjin 161. Kenya Dairy Board Kikuyu Kikuyu 162. Kenya Tourist Development Corporation Luhya Kikuyu 163. Kenya Nuclear Electric Board Luo Kikuyu
164. Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority(UFAA) Kikuyu Kikuyu
165. EwasoNg’iro South Development Authority (ENSDA) Maasai Maasai
166. National Disaster Management Authority Luo Somali 167. Coffee Development Fund Kalenjin Kikuyu 168. Kenya School of Law Luo Luhya
169. National Government Constituencies Development Fund Board (NG-CDF BOARD)
Somali Kikuyu
170. Golf Hotel Kakamega Luo Luhya 171. National Quality Control Laboratories Kalenjin Kikuyu 172. Development Bank of Kenya Luo Kikuyu 173. Anti FGM Board Maasai Kikuyu 174. Kenya National Commission for Unesco Embu Kikuyu
175. Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration Kikuyu Kikuyu
176. Kenya Veterinary Board Luo Luo 177. Kenya Academy of Sports Kisii Kisii 178. Communications Authority of Kenya Luhya Luhya 179. TVET Kalenjin Kikuyu 180. Water Resource Management Authority Somali Luo
84 85
that is acceptable, but not necessarily healthy to the ethnic diversity debate. For instance Kenya Meat Commission which is situated in MachakosCounty, has majority of its staff from the Kamba ethnic community at 41%. EwasoNgiro North Development Authority, head quartered in Isiolo, has 50% of its workforce from the Somali Community. The Agro Chemical and Food Company, which is resident in Nyanza (Kisumu) has 57.9% of its workforce from the Luo community. Lastly, the Athi Water Services has 20 out of the 55 staff from the Kikuyu community. Incorporation of Neighbouring Communities The study also revealed that recruitment of regional parastatals incorporated a good neighbourliness principle which saw the inclusion of neighbouring ethnic communities coming in at second or third place. The Tana Water Services Board for instance, which is located in Nyeri, is predominantly Kikuyu but largely includes the neighbouring Meru, Kamba and Embu communities. Another case is the Chemelil Sugar company, located on the Awasi-Nandi Hills road, which has a majority Luo but incorporates the neighbouring Kalenjin, Luhya and Kisii, in relatively large proportions. The Ethnicity of Chief Executive Officer and Ethnic Balance Table 7 indicates that in over 36.8% of the parastatals, the ethnic group of the largest number of employees is similar to that of the chief executive officer. Kenya Building Research Centre has a CEO from the Kikuyu community and has 9 out of the 15 employees from the same ethnic group, which makes it 60%. The Council of Legal Education (CLE), has a Luhya CEO, and the institution has employed 17 staff members, 6 being from the Luhya community. The Lake Basin Development Authority, apart from being headquartered in Kisumu, has a Luo CEO, and has recruited 53.5% of its employees from the Luo community. The Kikuyu Factor in State Corporation Employment One very conspicuous ethnic factor in the employment gradient of parastatals is the presence of Kikuyu employees in nearly all institutions. Parastatals that are on either side of the compliance divide have a considerable number of employees from the Kikuyu community. Apart from the Coast Development Authority, where the Kikuyu community is not represented, in other institutions it appears among the first four. This should however be discussed on the backdrop of their dominance in national population as well. The Big Tribe Syndrome: The public employment conundrum The big five in Kenya are currently considered as the Kikuyu, Luo, Luhya, Kalenjin and Kamba. These five ethnicities, save for where some communities like the Kisii feature, are predominant in every parastatal. Close scrutiny of the parastatals under study revealed that
85
occasions when these five ethnicities have missed representation in the workforce is conspicuously noticeable. In the 168 state corporations under review, the Kikuyu are not employed in only four of them, while the Luo and Luhya are not part of only six parastatals each and the Kalenjin are excluded in only seven organizations. For instance, the Kikuyu are not in the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, the Luo in the National Council of Children’s Services, the Luhya in Northern Water Services Board and the Kalenjin in the retirement Benefits Authority among others. This is an interesting finding as it gives the researcher a hint of how mitigations must be designed to dent the hegemonic tendencies of the big five. CEOs from Minority Ethnicities and the high presence of Big Tribes There are certain patterns that are fast emerging from these findings. First is that parastatals which are headquartered in regions where the CEOs come from an indigenous ethnic group, the likelihood that the locals will outnumber other employees is just as high. Secondly, the practice of region situate and indigenous ethnic group is observable even where CEOs are of minority origin, like the EwasoNg’iro Development Authority, where the CEO is a Somali and the majority members of staff are Somali at 50% and Borana at 21.7%. Thirdly, there is another trend that shows, a CEO from the minority groups but the institution largely staffed with members of the big tribes. The study cannot state with certainty if this is as a result of having more qualified professionals from those ethnicities or if the same can be attributed to the political and especially the electoral power map. Representation in ‘Sensitive’ Parastatals Some parastatals have sensitive mandates hence need to be even more inclusive. These mandates include health, security, power etc. Theinstitutions include the Kenya Ordinance which manufactures bullets, the Kenya Power and Lighting Company, the National Transport and Safety Authority, KEMRI, Kenya Airports Authority and the Kenya Civil Aviation Authority among others. Financial Allocation vs Ethnic Representation in Parastatals This section highlights the gross estimates of 2016/2017 to parastatals and relates them to the highest ethnic group represented in the parastatal.
that is acceptable, but not necessarily healthy to the ethnic diversity debate. For instance Kenya Meat Commission which is situated in MachakosCounty, has majority of its staff from the Kamba ethnic community at 41%. EwasoNgiro North Development Authority, head quartered in Isiolo, has 50% of its workforce from the Somali Community. The Agro Chemical and Food Company, which is resident in Nyanza (Kisumu) has 57.9% of its workforce from the Luo community. Lastly, the Athi Water Services has 20 out of the 55 staff from the Kikuyu community. Incorporation of Neighbouring Communities The study also revealed that recruitment of regional parastatals incorporated a good neighbourliness principle which saw the inclusion of neighbouring ethnic communities coming in at second or third place. The Tana Water Services Board for instance, which is located in Nyeri, is predominantly Kikuyu but largely includes the neighbouring Meru, Kamba and Embu communities. Another case is the Chemelil Sugar company, located on the Awasi-Nandi Hills road, which has a majority Luo but incorporates the neighbouring Kalenjin, Luhya and Kisii, in relatively large proportions. The Ethnicity of Chief Executive Officer and Ethnic Balance Table 7 indicates that in over 36.8% of the parastatals, the ethnic group of the largest number of employees is similar to that of the chief executive officer. Kenya Building Research Centre has a CEO from the Kikuyu community and has 9 out of the 15 employees from the same ethnic group, which makes it 60%. The Council of Legal Education (CLE), has a Luhya CEO, and the institution has employed 17 staff members, 6 being from the Luhya community. The Lake Basin Development Authority, apart from being headquartered in Kisumu, has a Luo CEO, and has recruited 53.5% of its employees from the Luo community. The Kikuyu Factor in State Corporation Employment One very conspicuous ethnic factor in the employment gradient of parastatals is the presence of Kikuyu employees in nearly all institutions. Parastatals that are on either side of the compliance divide have a considerable number of employees from the Kikuyu community. Apart from the Coast Development Authority, where the Kikuyu community is not represented, in other institutions it appears among the first four. This should however be discussed on the backdrop of their dominance in national population as well. The Big Tribe Syndrome: The public employment conundrum The big five in Kenya are currently considered as the Kikuyu, Luo, Luhya, Kalenjin and Kamba. These five ethnicities, save for where some communities like the Kisii feature, are predominant in every parastatal. Close scrutiny of the parastatals under study revealed that
86 87
Table 9: Gross Estimates 2016/2017 vs Highest Ethnic Group in Parastatals
State Corporations Gross Estimates 2016/2017 Percentage
Largest Ethnic Group
1. Kenya Roads Board 26,178,000,000 34 Kikuyu 2. Kenya Revenue Authority 15,358,008,761 30.7 Kikuyu 3. Higher Education Loans Board, HELB 9,142,881,825 21.1 Kikuyu 4. Kenyatta National Hospital 8,677,461,541 32.9 Kikuyu 5. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital 5,544,676,867 68.1 Kalenjin 6. Kenya Forest Service 5,137,308,628 24 Kikuyu 7. National Transport and safety Authority 4,315,487,127 32.5 Kikuyu 8. Kenya Wildlife Service 3,915,248,200 17.3 Kikuyu 9. Kenya Medical Training College 3,542,077,941 19.1 Kikuyu
10. Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization 2,890,661,407 32.1 Kikuyu
11. National Youth Service 2,301,142,089 23.8 Kikuyu 12. Sports Kenya 1,909,849,946 29.5 Kikuyu 13. Kenya National Bureau of statistics 1,883,333,297 26.5 Kikuyu 14. Kenya Medical Research Institute 1,799,462,265 26.8 Kikuyu 15. AFFA 1,754,500,955 23.1 Kalenjin 16. Kenya National Examinations Council 1,527,000,000 25.3 Kamba 17. Kenya Forestry Research Institute 1,461,480,997 32.3 Kikuyu
18. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) 1,200,155,194 27.6 Kikuyu
19. Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) 1,083,724,600 38.9 Kikuyu
20. National Museums of Kenya (NMK) 899,545,000 18 Kikuyu 21. Kenya Utalii College 854,068,000 22.7 Kikuyu 22. National Drought Management Authority 708,613,561 17.7 Somali 23. Geothermal Development Company 667,730,000 20.4 Kikuyu 24. Kenya Tourism Board 662,750,000 20.8 Luo
25. Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) 634,335,779 30.4 Luo
26. The Coast Water Services Board (CWSB) 630,945,000 58.7 Mijikenda 27. Kenya National Library Service 614,780,000 28.3 Kikuyu 28. National AIDS Control Council (NACC) 584,000,000 28.8 Kikuyu 29. Kenya School of Law 561,000,000 33.8 Luhya
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State Corporations Gross Estimates 2016/2017 Percentage
Largest Ethnic Group
30. New KCC 500,000,000 33.5 Kikuyu 31. Athi Water Services Board 500,000,000 36.4 Kikuyu
32. Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) 491,338,899 21 Kikuyu
33. Rural Electrification Authority 478,720,000 22.7 Kikuyu
34. Water Resources Management Authority 457,000,000 26.2 Luo
35. The National Authority for the Campaign against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA) 448,159,510 38.9 Kikuyu
36. Public Procurement Oversight Authority 390,000,000 27.3 Kikuyu 37. Witness Protection Agency 379,542,900 18.4 Kikuyu 38. Kenya Medical Supplies Agency 376,998,150 19.9 Kikuyu 39. Kenya Broadcasting Corporation 375,000,000 26.6 Kikuyu 40. National National Commission for UNESCO 374,750,556 25 Kikuyu 41. Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA) 356,000,003 27.3 Kikuyu
42. Tana and Athi Rivers Development Authority 348,808,409 28.3 Kikuyu
43. Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute 340,000,000 34 Luo
44. Competition Authority of Kenya 340,000,000 37.5 Kikuyu 45. Kenya Film Classification Board 338,254,600 23.5 Kalenjin 46. Bomas of Kenya Limited 331,757,000 18 Luo 47. Kenya law Reform Commission 330,000,000 27.3 Kamba 48. Export Promotion Council 304,860,000 28.2 Kikuyu
49. Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited 301,100,000 19.4 Kikuyu
50. The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) 291,488,800 24.2 Kikuyu
51. National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) 278,864,220 26.5 Kamba
52. Kenya Institute of Special Education 269,000,000 32.7 Kikuyu
53. Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) 266,903,213 30.9 Kikuyu
54. Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund 264,952,100 26.7 Luhya
55. National Council for Law Reporting (NCLR)/ Kenya Law 255,000,000 27.8 Kikuyu
56. Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) 238,545,000 34.4 Kikuyu
Table 9: Gross Estimates 2016/2017 vs Highest Ethnic Group in Parastatals
State Corporations Gross Estimates 2016/2017 Percentage
Largest Ethnic Group
1. Kenya Roads Board 26,178,000,000 34 Kikuyu 2. Kenya Revenue Authority 15,358,008,761 30.7 Kikuyu 3. Higher Education Loans Board, HELB 9,142,881,825 21.1 Kikuyu 4. Kenyatta National Hospital 8,677,461,541 32.9 Kikuyu 5. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital 5,544,676,867 68.1 Kalenjin 6. Kenya Forest Service 5,137,308,628 24 Kikuyu 7. National Transport and safety Authority 4,315,487,127 32.5 Kikuyu 8. Kenya Wildlife Service 3,915,248,200 17.3 Kikuyu 9. Kenya Medical Training College 3,542,077,941 19.1 Kikuyu
10. Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization 2,890,661,407 32.1 Kikuyu
11. National Youth Service 2,301,142,089 23.8 Kikuyu 12. Sports Kenya 1,909,849,946 29.5 Kikuyu 13. Kenya National Bureau of statistics 1,883,333,297 26.5 Kikuyu 14. Kenya Medical Research Institute 1,799,462,265 26.8 Kikuyu 15. AFFA 1,754,500,955 23.1 Kalenjin 16. Kenya National Examinations Council 1,527,000,000 25.3 Kamba 17. Kenya Forestry Research Institute 1,461,480,997 32.3 Kikuyu
18. National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) 1,200,155,194 27.6 Kikuyu
19. Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) 1,083,724,600 38.9 Kikuyu
20. National Museums of Kenya (NMK) 899,545,000 18 Kikuyu 21. Kenya Utalii College 854,068,000 22.7 Kikuyu 22. National Drought Management Authority 708,613,561 17.7 Somali 23. Geothermal Development Company 667,730,000 20.4 Kikuyu 24. Kenya Tourism Board 662,750,000 20.8 Luo
25. Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) 634,335,779 30.4 Luo
26. The Coast Water Services Board (CWSB) 630,945,000 58.7 Mijikenda 27. Kenya National Library Service 614,780,000 28.3 Kikuyu 28. National AIDS Control Council (NACC) 584,000,000 28.8 Kikuyu 29. Kenya School of Law 561,000,000 33.8 Luhya
88 89
State Corporations Gross Estimates 2016/2017 Percentage
Largest Ethnic Group
57. National coordinating Agency for population and Development 235,979,270 19.6 Luhya
58. Kenya Investment Authority 235,000,000 25.4 Kalenjin 59. Commission for University Education (CUE) 227,497,163 31.9 Kikuyu 60. Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) 225,844,800 25 Kikuyu 61. Anti-Counterfeit Agency 225,402,000 29.4 Kalenjin 62. Rift Valley Water Services Board (RVWSB) 221,223,000 48.6 Kalenjin 63. Kenya Institute of Mass Communication 207,450,000 37.4 Kikuyu 64. Tourism Regulatory Authority 201,000,000 26.8 Kikuyu 65. Kenya Water Institute 200,880,000 32.4 Kikuyu 66. Kenya Rural Roads Authority 200,000,000 36.7 kikuyu 67. Kerio Valley Development Authority 193,675,184 79.1 Kalenjin 68. National Quality Control Laboratories 189,766,648 24.2 Kikuyu 69. Privatization Commission 170,000,000 32.1 Kikuyu 70. National Crime Research Centre 160,000,000 28.6 Kikuyu 71. Lake Basin Development Authority 157,221,717 53.5 Luo
72. Ewaso Ngiro South Development Authority 138,291,291 49.5 Maasai
73. Kenya Copyright Board 134,000,000 26.3 Luhya 74. NGO Coordination Board 125,150,000 21.1 Luo 75. Ewaso ngiro north water service Board 118,879,281 50 Somali
76. National Environmental Trust Fund (NETFUND) 117,977,600 33.3 Kikuyu
77. Women Enterprise Fund 115,222,500 27.7 Kikuyu 78. Kenya Accreditation Service 115,038,400 36.1 Kikuyu
79. Technical and Vocational Education Training Authority 110,000,000 19.4 Kikuyu
80. Northern Water Services board 105,532,000 19.4 Kamba 81. Brand Kenya Board 105,000,000 37 Kikuyu
82. National Council for Persons with Disabilities 100,400,000 18 Kikuyu
83. Tana Water Services Board (TWSB) 96,490,000 76.9 Kikuyu 84. Numerical Machining Complex (NMC) 95,068,000 29 Luo 85. KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority 95,000,000 29.4 Luo 86. Kenya Building Research Centre 92,582,719 60 Kikuyu 87. Anti-Female Genital Mutilation Board 92,000,000 22.7 Kikuyu
89
State Corporations Gross Estimates 2016/2017 Percentage
Largest Ethnic Group
88. Bukura Agricultural College 89,485,998 56.3 Luhya 89. National Biosafety Authority (NBA) 88,577,120 22.2 Kikuyu 90. Pest Control Products Board 82,424,796 25 Kikuyu 91. Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board 81,000,000 29 Kikuyu
92. Lake Victoria North Water Services Board (LVNWSB) 77,000,000 72.5 Luhya
93. Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited 76,900,000 17.2 Kalenjin
94. Micro and Small Enterprises Authority (MSEA) 75,833,821 34.1 Kikuyu
95. TANATHI Water Services Board 75,515,780 76 Kamba
96. Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) 75,000,000 63.3 Luo
97. Kenya Film Commission (KFC) 74,422,000 34.8 Kikuyu
98. National Council for Children's Services (NCCS) 70,000,000 33.3 Kikuyu
99. Coast Development Authority (CDA) 67,942,460 21.1 Mijikenda 100. Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) 65,000,000 35.7 Kikuyu 101. Kenya School of Government (KSG) 56,000,000 39.1 Kikuyu
102. Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority(UFAA) 55,000,000 31.3 Kikuyu
103. Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority 53,200,000 30.6 Luo 104. Kenya Ferry Services (KFS) 50,976,000 52.3 Mijikenda 105. Export Processing Zones Authority 50,800,000 16.8 Luhya 106. Kenya Year Book Editorial Board 49,150,000 33.3 Kikuyu 107. Kenya Dairy Board 38,900,000 32.6 Kikuyu 108. Kenya Leather Development Council 35,600,000 27.3 Kikuyu 109. Water Services Trust Fund 27,000,000 30 Kikuyu 110. Water Appeal Boards (WAB) 20,200,000 26.7 Luhya 111. Industrial Property Tribunal 15,652,554 33.3 Kikuyu 112. National Construction Authority 15,000,000 22.5 Kikuyu 113. Kenya Academy of sports 9,500,000 23.5 Kisii 114. Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre 6,000,000 44.8 Kikuyu 115. Kenya Veterinary Board(KVB) 5,500,000 23.8 Luo 116. Kenya Industrial Property Institute 2,850,000 25 Kikuyu 117. Kenya Maritime Authority 1,314,118 25 Mijikenda
State Corporations Gross Estimates 2016/2017 Percentage
Largest Ethnic Group
57. National coordinating Agency for population and Development 235,979,270 19.6 Luhya
58. Kenya Investment Authority 235,000,000 25.4 Kalenjin 59. Commission for University Education (CUE) 227,497,163 31.9 Kikuyu 60. Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) 225,844,800 25 Kikuyu 61. Anti-Counterfeit Agency 225,402,000 29.4 Kalenjin 62. Rift Valley Water Services Board (RVWSB) 221,223,000 48.6 Kalenjin 63. Kenya Institute of Mass Communication 207,450,000 37.4 Kikuyu 64. Tourism Regulatory Authority 201,000,000 26.8 Kikuyu 65. Kenya Water Institute 200,880,000 32.4 Kikuyu 66. Kenya Rural Roads Authority 200,000,000 36.7 kikuyu 67. Kerio Valley Development Authority 193,675,184 79.1 Kalenjin 68. National Quality Control Laboratories 189,766,648 24.2 Kikuyu 69. Privatization Commission 170,000,000 32.1 Kikuyu 70. National Crime Research Centre 160,000,000 28.6 Kikuyu 71. Lake Basin Development Authority 157,221,717 53.5 Luo
72. Ewaso Ngiro South Development Authority 138,291,291 49.5 Maasai
73. Kenya Copyright Board 134,000,000 26.3 Luhya 74. NGO Coordination Board 125,150,000 21.1 Luo 75. Ewaso ngiro north water service Board 118,879,281 50 Somali
76. National Environmental Trust Fund (NETFUND) 117,977,600 33.3 Kikuyu
77. Women Enterprise Fund 115,222,500 27.7 Kikuyu 78. Kenya Accreditation Service 115,038,400 36.1 Kikuyu
79. Technical and Vocational Education Training Authority 110,000,000 19.4 Kikuyu
80. Northern Water Services board 105,532,000 19.4 Kamba 81. Brand Kenya Board 105,000,000 37 Kikuyu
82. National Council for Persons with Disabilities 100,400,000 18 Kikuyu
83. Tana Water Services Board (TWSB) 96,490,000 76.9 Kikuyu 84. Numerical Machining Complex (NMC) 95,068,000 29 Luo 85. KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority 95,000,000 29.4 Luo 86. Kenya Building Research Centre 92,582,719 60 Kikuyu 87. Anti-Female Genital Mutilation Board 92,000,000 22.7 Kikuyu
90 91
CHAPTER
FIVE
PARASTATALS THAT
COMPLY WITH THE NCI
ACT, 2008
91
Introduction
This chapter highlights the state corporations that have complied with the NCI Act, 2008. Section 7(2) of the Act stipulates that no public establishment shall have more than one third of its staff from one ethnic group. This threshold is set to complement other diversity legislation set out in Articles 10, 27 and 232 of the Constitution of Kenya. Export Processing Zones Authority The Export Processing Zones Authority was established 1990, by the EPZ Act CAP 517, Laws of Kenya. The Authority’s mandate is to promote and facilitate export oriented investments and to develop an enabling environment for such investments. The EPZ Authority is a State Corporation, under the Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development. The Export Processing Zones Authority has 161 employees. The majority of them belong to the Luhya community and form 16.8% of the staff. The EPZ Authority thus complies with the NCI Act. Table 10:Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 27 16.8 Kalenjin 27 16.8 Kikuyu 25 15.5 Kamba 18 11.2 Luo 15 9.3 Embu 15 9.3 Maasai 9 5.6 Kisii 8 5.0 Meru 6 3.7 Somali 3 1.9 Mijikenda 3 1.9 Orma 3 1.9 Samburu 1 0.6 Swahili 1 0.6 Total 161 100
Senior staff The Export Processing Zones Authority has ten senior staff and the highest ethnic group with 30% belong to the Kikuyu community.
CHAPTER
FIVE
PARASTATALS THAT
COMPLY WITH THE NCI
ACT, 2008
92 93
Table 11:Ethnic representation of senior staff in EPZA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 3 30 Luo 2 20 Kisii 2 20 Luhya 2 20 Kalenjin 1 10 Total 10 100 Kenya Industrial Estates Limited Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited was established in 1967 as a subsidiary of Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) with a major role of promoting indigenous entrepreneurship by financing and developing small scale and micro enterprises. KIE Limited was established to facilitate development and incubation of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) countrywide by establishing industrial parks, providing credit and business development services (BDS) in a sustainable manner. Kenya Industrial Estates has 256 members of staff. KIE complies with the NCI Act as the Kalenjin make up 17.2% of staff. Table 12: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KIE Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 44 17.2 Kamba 35 13.7 Kikuyu 35 13.7 Kisii 33 12.9 Luhya 32 12.5 Luo 32 12.5 Mijikenda 17 6.6 Meru 11 4.3 Somali 7 2.6 Borana 4 1.6 Maasai 2 0.8 Suba 1 0.4 Embu 1 0.4 Nubi 1 0.4 Teso 1 0.4 Total 256 100
Senior staff KIE has 38 senior staff, majority of whom are draw from the Kikuyucommunity at 21.1%.
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Table 13:Ethnic representation of senior staff at KIE
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 8 21.1 Kalenjin 7 18.4 Luo 6 15.8 Kamba 5 13.2 Luhya 4 10.5 Kisii 3 7.9 Mijikenda 2 5.3 Meru 1 2.6 Taita 1 2.6 Teso 1 2.6 Total 38 100 Kenya Wildlife Service Established by an Act of Parliament Cap 376, the Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) is mandated to conserve and manage wildlife in Kenya, and to enforce related laws and regulations. KWS has 4760 members of staff. The KWS complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 17.3%. Table 14: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 823 17.3 Kalenjin 765 16.1 Kamba 482 10.1 Luo 462 9.7 Luhya 364 7.6 Mijikenda 303 6.4 Meru 232 4.9 Kisii 202 4.2 Maasai 168 3.5 Somali 161 3.4 Borana 136 2.9 Turkana 113 2.4 Taita 112 2.4 Samburu 105 2.2 Embu 78 1.6 Swahili 58 1.2 Rendile 54 1.1 Teso 36 0.8
Table 11:Ethnic representation of senior staff in EPZA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 3 30 Luo 2 20 Kisii 2 20 Luhya 2 20 Kalenjin 1 10 Total 10 100 Kenya Industrial Estates Limited Kenya Industrial Estates (KIE) Limited was established in 1967 as a subsidiary of Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) with a major role of promoting indigenous entrepreneurship by financing and developing small scale and micro enterprises. KIE Limited was established to facilitate development and incubation of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) countrywide by establishing industrial parks, providing credit and business development services (BDS) in a sustainable manner. Kenya Industrial Estates has 256 members of staff. KIE complies with the NCI Act as the Kalenjin make up 17.2% of staff. Table 12: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KIE Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 44 17.2 Kamba 35 13.7 Kikuyu 35 13.7 Kisii 33 12.9 Luhya 32 12.5 Luo 32 12.5 Mijikenda 17 6.6 Meru 11 4.3 Somali 7 2.6 Borana 4 1.6 Maasai 2 0.8 Suba 1 0.4 Embu 1 0.4 Nubi 1 0.4 Teso 1 0.4 Total 256 100
Senior staff KIE has 38 senior staff, majority of whom are draw from the Kikuyucommunity at 21.1%.
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Orma 35 0.7 Gabra 29 0.6 Kuria 24 0.5 Nubi 8 0.2 Sekuye 7 0.1 Shangila 2 0.06 Njemps 1 0.04 Total 4760 100
Senior staff KWS has 38 senior staff and the highest ethnic group composed of 21.6% belongs to the Kikuyu community. Table 15:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KWS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 8 21.6 Luhya 7 18.9 Luo 5 13.5 Borana 3 8.1 Kamba 3 8.1 Kalenjin 3 8.1 Rendille 2 5.4 Embu 1 2.7 Kisii 1 2.7 Maasai 1 2.7 Meru 1 2.7 Mijikenda 1 2.7 Somali 1 2.7 Total 37 100.0
Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited is an oil refining company based in Mombasa which was originally set up by Shell and BPto serve the East African region in the supply of a wide variety ofoilproducts. TheCompanywasincorporatedin 1960, under the name East AfricanOil Refineries Limited. The Company has 178 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act as it has recruited 17.4% of its employees from the Mijikenda community.
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Table 16: Ethnic distribution of Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited staff
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Mijikenda 31 17.4 Kikuyu 28 15.7 Luo 26 14.6 Taita 26 14.6 Luhya 23 12.9 Kamba 17 9.6 Kalenjin 8 4.5 Meru 5 2.8 Kisii 3 1.7 Swahili 2 1 Kenya Arab 2 1 Taveta 1 0.6 Turkana 1 0.6 Maasai 1 0.6 Embu 1 0.6 Somali 1 0.6 Borana 1 0.6 Kenyan Asian 1 0.6 Total 178 100
Senior staff The Kenya Petroleum Refineries Ltd has 17 senior staff and the highest ethnic group is drawn from the Kikuyu community at 35.3%. Table 17:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at the Kenya Petroleum Refineries
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 6 35.3 Luo 3 17.5 Luhya 2 11.8 Mijikenda 2 11.8 Kamba 1 5.9 Kisii 1 5.9 Swahili 1 5.9 Taveta 1 5.9 Total 17 100 The National Social Security Fund (NSSF) NSSF was established in 1965 by an Act of Parliament i.e. CAP 258 Laws of Kenya. The National Social Security Fund is a friendly service organization which exists for the public
Orma 35 0.7 Gabra 29 0.6 Kuria 24 0.5 Nubi 8 0.2 Sekuye 7 0.1 Shangila 2 0.06 Njemps 1 0.04 Total 4760 100
Senior staff KWS has 38 senior staff and the highest ethnic group composed of 21.6% belongs to the Kikuyu community. Table 15:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KWS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 8 21.6 Luhya 7 18.9 Luo 5 13.5 Borana 3 8.1 Kamba 3 8.1 Kalenjin 3 8.1 Rendille 2 5.4 Embu 1 2.7 Kisii 1 2.7 Maasai 1 2.7 Meru 1 2.7 Mijikenda 1 2.7 Somali 1 2.7 Total 37 100.0
Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited Kenya Petroleum Refineries Limited is an oil refining company based in Mombasa which was originally set up by Shell and BPto serve the East African region in the supply of a wide variety ofoilproducts. TheCompanywasincorporatedin 1960, under the name East AfricanOil Refineries Limited. The Company has 178 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act as it has recruited 17.4% of its employees from the Mijikenda community.
96 97
good. It offers social protection to all Kenyan workers. It provides social security protection to workers in the formal and informal sectors. NSSF register members, receive their contributions, manage funds of the scheme, process and ultimately pay out benefits to eligible members or dependants. The NSSF has 1,401 employees. NSSF complies with the NCI Act as the Kamba, who are the largest, make up 17.5% of staff. Table 18: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kamba 245 17.5 Kikuyu 228 16.3 Kalenjin 215 15.4 Luo 206 14.7 Luhya 174 12.4 Kisii 102 7.3 Mijikenda 43 3.1 Meru 36 2.6 Taita 33 2.4 Kenyan Somali 34 2.4 Embu 23 1.6 Maasai 23 1.6 Teso 12 0.9 Turkana 10 0.7 Swahili 3 0.2 Kuria 3 0.2 Mbeere 3 0.2 Nubi 1 0.1 Samburu 2 0.1 Njemps 1 0.1 Borana 1 0.1 Rendille 2 0.1 Total 1400 100
Senior staff NSSF has 64 senior staff with the largest ethnic group forming 21.9% being drawn from the Kalenjin community.
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Table 19:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NSSF
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 14 21.9 Luo 10 15.6 Kamba 8 12.5 Luhya 7 10.9 Kikuyu 6 9.4 Kisii 4 6.3 Meru 3 4.7 Embu 2 3.1 Maasai 2 3.1 Taita 2 3.1 Teso 2 3.1 Somali 2 3.1 Kuria 1 1.6 Swahili 1 1.6 Total 64 100.0
The National Drought Management Authority (NDMA) The National Drought Management Authority (NDMA) is a public body established by the National Drought Management Authority Act, 2016. It previously operated under the State Corporations Act (Cap 446) of the Laws of Kenya by Legal Notice Number 171 of November 24, 2011. The Act gives the NDMA the mandate to exercise overall coordination over all matters relating to drought management including implementation of policies and programmes relating to drought management. NDMA has 293 members of staff. The Authority complies with the NCI Act having the largest group as the Somali forming 17.7%. Table 20: Ethnic Staff Composition at NDMA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Somali 52 17.7 Kikuyu 38 13.0 Kamba 30 10.2 Borana 26 8.9 Luhya 20 6.8 Kalenjin 19 6.5 Luo 16 5.5 Taita 16 5.5 Meru 15 5.1
good. It offers social protection to all Kenyan workers. It provides social security protection to workers in the formal and informal sectors. NSSF register members, receive their contributions, manage funds of the scheme, process and ultimately pay out benefits to eligible members or dependants. The NSSF has 1,401 employees. NSSF complies with the NCI Act as the Kamba, who are the largest, make up 17.5% of staff. Table 18: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kamba 245 17.5 Kikuyu 228 16.3 Kalenjin 215 15.4 Luo 206 14.7 Luhya 174 12.4 Kisii 102 7.3 Mijikenda 43 3.1 Meru 36 2.6 Taita 33 2.4 Kenyan Somali 34 2.4 Embu 23 1.6 Maasai 23 1.6 Teso 12 0.9 Turkana 10 0.7 Swahili 3 0.2 Kuria 3 0.2 Mbeere 3 0.2 Nubi 1 0.1 Samburu 2 0.1 Njemps 1 0.1 Borana 1 0.1 Rendille 2 0.1 Total 1400 100
Senior staff NSSF has 64 senior staff with the largest ethnic group forming 21.9% being drawn from the Kalenjin community.
98 99
Mijikenda 12 4.1 Samburu 9 3.1 Turkana 9 3.1 Maasai 7 2.4 Kisii 6 2.0 Tharaka 6 2.0 Swahili 4 1.4 Embu 3 1.0 Rendille 2 0.7 Gabbra 2 0.7 Sakuye 1 0.3 Total 293 100
Senior staff
NDMA has ten senior staff and the highest ethnic group is Luo who form 20% of all employees.
Table 21:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NDMA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 2 20.0 Somali 1 10.0 Kikuyu 1 10.0 Rendile 1 10.0 Samburu 1 10.0 Kamba 1 10.0 Boran 1 10.0 Sakuye 1 10.0 Luhya 1 10.0 Total 10 100.0
National Council for Persons with Disability The National Council for Persons with Disability is mandated to mainstream disability issues in all aspects of socio-cultural, economic and political development. The institution has 100 members of staff. NCPWD complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu is the largest community making up 18% of the staff population.
99
Table 22: NCPWD Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 18 18 Luhya 16 16 Luo 16 16 Kalenjin 8 8 Kisii 6 6 Maasai 6 6 Meru 6 6 Somali 6 6 Embu 5 5 Kamba 4 4
Borana 3 3 Taita 3 3 Rendille 1 1
Samburu 1 1
Turkana 1 1
Total 100 100 Senior staff NCPWD has six senior staff members. Most of them belong to the Kikuyu community at 83.3%. Table 23:Ethnic representation of highest ethnic group at NCPWD Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 5 83.3 Kuria 1 16.7 Total 6 100.0 Bomas of Kenya Limited Established in 1971 as a subsidiary of the Kenya Tourist Development Cooperation (KTDC), Bomas of Kenya was established to Preserve, Maintain and Promote the Rich Diverse cultural values of various ethnic groups of Kenya and to act as a tourist attraction centre thus Bomas of Kenya is expected to preserve the authenticity of the Kenya’s Cultural values and to portray them in the pure form. Bomas of Kenya Limited has 161 employees. The Bomas of Kenya complies with the NCI Act as the Luo make up 18%. Table 24: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Mijikenda 12 4.1 Samburu 9 3.1 Turkana 9 3.1 Maasai 7 2.4 Kisii 6 2.0 Tharaka 6 2.0 Swahili 4 1.4 Embu 3 1.0 Rendille 2 0.7 Gabbra 2 0.7 Sakuye 1 0.3 Total 293 100
Senior staff
NDMA has ten senior staff and the highest ethnic group is Luo who form 20% of all employees.
Table 21:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NDMA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 2 20.0 Somali 1 10.0 Kikuyu 1 10.0 Rendile 1 10.0 Samburu 1 10.0 Kamba 1 10.0 Boran 1 10.0 Sakuye 1 10.0 Luhya 1 10.0 Total 10 100.0
National Council for Persons with Disability The National Council for Persons with Disability is mandated to mainstream disability issues in all aspects of socio-cultural, economic and political development. The institution has 100 members of staff. NCPWD complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu is the largest community making up 18% of the staff population.
100 101
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 29 18.0 Kikuyu 27 16.8 Luhya 26 16.1 Kamba 17 10.6 Kalenjin 16 9.9 Mijikenda 10 6.2 Meru 6 3.7 Embu 6 3.7 Samburu 5 3.2 Turkana 4 2.5 Somali 4 2.5 Kisii 4 2.5 Maasai 3 1.9 Borana 1 0.6 Taita 1 0.6 Kuria 1 0.6 Nubi 1 0.6 Total 161 100
Senior staff Bomas of Kenya has 14 employees as their senior staff and the highest ethnic group is Kikuyu at 42.95. Table 25:Ethnic representation of senior staff at Bomas
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 6 42.9 Kalenjin 3 21.4 Luhya 2 14.4 Turkana 1 7.1 Kamba 1 7.1 Somali 1 7.1 Total 14 100 National Museums of Kenya The National Museums of Kenya (NMK) is a state corporation established by an Act of Parliament, the National Museums and Heritage Act, 2006 no. 6 of 2006. NMK is a multi-disciplinary institution whose role is to collect, preserve, study, document and present Kenya’s past and present cultural and natural heritage. This is for the purposes of enhancing
101
knowledge, appreciation, respect and sustainable utilization of these resources for the benefit of Kenya and the world, for now and posterity. The National Museums has 1046 members of staff. The National Museums of Kenya complies with the NCI Act as the largest community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 18% of the staff population Table 26: Ethnic distribution of National Museum staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 188 18.0 Luo 144 13.8 Swahili 128 12.2 Luhya 106 10.1 Kamba 96 9.2 Mijikenda 90 8.6 Kalenjin 86 8.2 Meru 47 4.5 Somali 40 3.8 Kisii 39 3.7 Maasai 21 2.0 Turkana 18 1.6 Taita 10 1.0 Borana 9 0.9 Samburu 5 0.5 Rendille 4 0.4 Embu 3 0.3 Nubi 3 0.3 Teso 3 0.3 Burji 2 0.2 Suba 2 0.2 Dasenach 1 0.1 Gabbra 1 0.1 Total 1046 100
Senior staff NMK has 31 senior staff. The highest ethnic group is Kamba at 22.6%. Table 27:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NMK
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kamba 7 22.6 Kikuyu 6 19.4
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 29 18.0 Kikuyu 27 16.8 Luhya 26 16.1 Kamba 17 10.6 Kalenjin 16 9.9 Mijikenda 10 6.2 Meru 6 3.7 Embu 6 3.7 Samburu 5 3.2 Turkana 4 2.5 Somali 4 2.5 Kisii 4 2.5 Maasai 3 1.9 Borana 1 0.6 Taita 1 0.6 Kuria 1 0.6 Nubi 1 0.6 Total 161 100
Senior staff Bomas of Kenya has 14 employees as their senior staff and the highest ethnic group is Kikuyu at 42.95. Table 25:Ethnic representation of senior staff at Bomas
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 6 42.9 Kalenjin 3 21.4 Luhya 2 14.4 Turkana 1 7.1 Kamba 1 7.1 Somali 1 7.1 Total 14 100 National Museums of Kenya The National Museums of Kenya (NMK) is a state corporation established by an Act of Parliament, the National Museums and Heritage Act, 2006 no. 6 of 2006. NMK is a multi-disciplinary institution whose role is to collect, preserve, study, document and present Kenya’s past and present cultural and natural heritage. This is for the purposes of enhancing
102 103
Luo 5 16.1 Luhya 5 16.1 Taita 3 9.7 Kisii 2 6.5 Somali 1 3.2 Mijikenda 1 3.2 Meru 1 3.2 Total 31 100.0
National Housing Corporation National Housing Corporation (NHC) is a State Owned Corporation established in 1967 through an Act of Parliament. NHC is therefore totally owned by the Government of Kenya though it is run by an independent Board of Directors. The NHC Mission is to play a leading role in efficient provision of adequate and affordable housing and related services.The NHC has 254 staff. It complies with the NCI Act as the Luhya are 18.9% of the general staff. Table 28: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 48 18.9 Kikuyu 44 17.3 Luo 42 16.5 Kalenjin 34 13.4 Kisii 24 9.4 Taita 17 6.7 Kamba 16 6.3 Meru 14 5.5 Mijikenda 5 2 Embu 3 1.2 Borana 3 1.2 Maasai 2 0.8 Teso 1 0.4 Kuria 1 0.4 Total 254 100
Senior staff NHC has 30 senior staff and the highest ethnic group is Kikuyu at 7%. Table 29:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NHC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 23.3
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Kisii 6 20 Luhya 5 16.7 Luo 4 13.3 Kalenjin 3 10 Embu 2 6.7 Meru 2 6.7 Kamba 1 3.3 Total 30 100 Industrial Development Bank Capital Limited (IDB) IDB Capital Limited is a Development Finance Institution established by the Government of Kenya in 1973.It’s mandate is to further the economic development of Kenya by assisting in the promotion, establishment, expansion and modernization of medium and large scale industrial enterprises. IDB has 21 employees. IDB Capital Limited complies with the NCI Act as the largest group of employees are drawn from the Luhya, Luo and Kikuyu communities at 19% each. Table 30: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Luhya 4 19 Kikuyu 4 19 Luo 4 19 Kalenjin 2 9.5 Kamba 2 9.5 Meru 1 4.8 Teso 1 4.8 Mijikenda 1 4.8 Kisii 1 4.8 Maasai 1 4.8 Total 21 100
Senior staff IDB has five senior staff, each belonging to one ethic group. Table 31:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at IDB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Maasai 1 20 Luo 1 20 Meru 1 20 Kikuyu 1 20
Luo 5 16.1 Luhya 5 16.1 Taita 3 9.7 Kisii 2 6.5 Somali 1 3.2 Mijikenda 1 3.2 Meru 1 3.2 Total 31 100.0
National Housing Corporation National Housing Corporation (NHC) is a State Owned Corporation established in 1967 through an Act of Parliament. NHC is therefore totally owned by the Government of Kenya though it is run by an independent Board of Directors. The NHC Mission is to play a leading role in efficient provision of adequate and affordable housing and related services.The NHC has 254 staff. It complies with the NCI Act as the Luhya are 18.9% of the general staff. Table 28: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 48 18.9 Kikuyu 44 17.3 Luo 42 16.5 Kalenjin 34 13.4 Kisii 24 9.4 Taita 17 6.7 Kamba 16 6.3 Meru 14 5.5 Mijikenda 5 2 Embu 3 1.2 Borana 3 1.2 Maasai 2 0.8 Teso 1 0.4 Kuria 1 0.4 Total 254 100
Senior staff NHC has 30 senior staff and the highest ethnic group is Kikuyu at 7%. Table 29:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NHC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 23.3
104 105
Teso 1 20 Total 5 100
Kenya Medical Training College Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC) started in 1927. In 1990, it became a Semi-Autonomous Government Agency through an Act of Parliament, Cap.261, Legal Notice No. 14, Laws of Kenya. The core mandate of KMTC is to train and develop middle health professionals. KMTC has 1,941staff members. The KMTC has complied with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu, the largest ethnic group, make up 19.1% of the staff population. Table 32: KMTC Staff Distribution by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 371 19.1 Luo 336 17.3 Kalenjin 299 15.4 Kamba 235 12.1 Luhya 219 11.2 Kisii 199 10.2 Meru 85 4.3 Mijikenda 43 2.2 Embu 36 1.9 Swahili 24 1.2 Taita 21 1.1 Turkana 17 0.9 Kenyan Somali 15 0.8 Maasai 11 0.6 Borana 9 0.5 Teso 6 0.3 Mbeere 5 0.3 Kuria 4 0.2 Taveta 1 0.1 Gabbra 2 0.1 Gosha 1 0.1 Kenyan Arabs 1 0.1 Total 1940 100
Senior staff KMTC has 56 senior staff members. The largest group is comprised of 25% and belong to the Kikuyu community.
105
Table 33:Ethnic representation of senior staff at KMTC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 14 25.0 Luo 11 19.6 Luhya 10 17.9 Kalenjin 8 14.3 Kamba 7 12.5 Meru 2 3.6 Swahili 1 1.8 Foreigners 1 1.8 Kisii 1 1.8 Mbeere 1 1.8 Total 56 100.0
Technical and Vocational Educationand Training Authority
The Technical and Vocational Education and Training Authority (TVETA) is a State Corporation established under the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Act, 2013 that was Publicized in a Special Issue of the Kenya Gazette Supplement No. 44 (Acts No. 29) on 25th January 2013 and commenced on 24th June 2013. The mandate of the Authority is to regulate TVET sector through Licensing, Registration and Accreditation of institutions, programs and trainers.
TVET has 31 employees. The Authority complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act because it has employed only 19.4% from the Kikuyu community.
General staff
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 6 19.4 Kisii 5 16.1 Luo 5 16.1 Luhya 4 12.9 Kamba 3 10.4 Kalenjin 4 12.3 Mbeere 1 3.2 Orma 1 3.2 Suba 1 3.2 Embu 1 3.2 Total 31 100.0
Teso 1 20 Total 5 100
Kenya Medical Training College Kenya Medical Training College (KMTC) started in 1927. In 1990, it became a Semi-Autonomous Government Agency through an Act of Parliament, Cap.261, Legal Notice No. 14, Laws of Kenya. The core mandate of KMTC is to train and develop middle health professionals. KMTC has 1,941staff members. The KMTC has complied with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu, the largest ethnic group, make up 19.1% of the staff population. Table 32: KMTC Staff Distribution by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 371 19.1 Luo 336 17.3 Kalenjin 299 15.4 Kamba 235 12.1 Luhya 219 11.2 Kisii 199 10.2 Meru 85 4.3 Mijikenda 43 2.2 Embu 36 1.9 Swahili 24 1.2 Taita 21 1.1 Turkana 17 0.9 Kenyan Somali 15 0.8 Maasai 11 0.6 Borana 9 0.5 Teso 6 0.3 Mbeere 5 0.3 Kuria 4 0.2 Taveta 1 0.1 Gabbra 2 0.1 Gosha 1 0.1 Kenyan Arabs 1 0.1 Total 1940 100
Senior staff KMTC has 56 senior staff members. The largest group is comprised of 25% and belong to the Kikuyu community.
106 107
Senior staff
TVETA has four senior staff which are fairly distributed since each of the seior staff belong to a different ethnic group.
Table 34:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at TVETA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kalenjin 1 25 Kisii 1 25 Embu 1 25 Kikuyu 1 25 Total 4 100
Kenya Electric Transmission Company (KETRACO) Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited (KETRACO) is registered under the Companies Act, Cap 486 pursuant to Sessional paper No. 4 of 2004 on Energy. KETRACO is mandated to design, construct, operate and maintain new high voltage electricity transmission infrastructure that will form the backbone of the National Transmission Grid, in line with Kenya Vision 2030. Hence, it exists to plan, design, build and maintain electricity transmission lines and associated substations. KETRACO has 309 members of staff. KETRACO complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu, the largest group, make up 19.4%. Table 35: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group of KETRACO Staff Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 60 19.4 Kalenjin 44 14.2 Luo 40 12.9 Kamba 39 12.7 Luhya 34 11.1 Maasai 24 7.8 Swahili 23 7.4 Meru 22 7.1 Taita 4 1.3 Embu 4 1.3 Teso 3 1.0 Somali 3 1.0 Borana 3 1.0 Mijikenda 2 0.6 Samburu 1 0.3
107
Turkana 1 0.3 Rendille 1 0.3 Kisii 1 0.3 Total 309 100
Senior staff KETRACO has 31 senior staff and the largest ethnic group is Meru at 10%. Table 36:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KETRACO
Ethnic group Frequency Percentage Meru 10 32.2 Kamba 6 19.4 Luo 6 19.4 Kikuyu 6 19.4 Luhya 2 6.5 Kalenjin 1 3.1 Total 31 100 National Council for Population and Development NCPD is a semi-autonomous government agency under the Ministry of State for Planning, National Development and Vision 2030 with the responsibility of promoting and coordinating population and development activities in Kenya. Founded in 1982, NCPD is financed through government funds and support from development partners. The Government of Kenya established the National Council for Population and Development (NCPD) to improve people’s well-being and help preserve natural resources by mobilizing political and financial support for population, family planning and reproductive health policies and programmes. The Council has 97 employees. NCPD complies with the NCI Act as the largest group, the Luhya, make up 19.6%. Table 37: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 19 19.6 Kikuyu 16 16.6 Luo 15 15.6 Meru 8 8.2 Kalenjin 8 8.2 Kisii 8 8.2
Senior staff
TVETA has four senior staff which are fairly distributed since each of the seior staff belong to a different ethnic group.
Table 34:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at TVETA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kalenjin 1 25 Kisii 1 25 Embu 1 25 Kikuyu 1 25 Total 4 100
Kenya Electric Transmission Company (KETRACO) Kenya Electricity Transmission Company Limited (KETRACO) is registered under the Companies Act, Cap 486 pursuant to Sessional paper No. 4 of 2004 on Energy. KETRACO is mandated to design, construct, operate and maintain new high voltage electricity transmission infrastructure that will form the backbone of the National Transmission Grid, in line with Kenya Vision 2030. Hence, it exists to plan, design, build and maintain electricity transmission lines and associated substations. KETRACO has 309 members of staff. KETRACO complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu, the largest group, make up 19.4%. Table 35: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group of KETRACO Staff Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 60 19.4 Kalenjin 44 14.2 Luo 40 12.9 Kamba 39 12.7 Luhya 34 11.1 Maasai 24 7.8 Swahili 23 7.4 Meru 22 7.1 Taita 4 1.3 Embu 4 1.3 Teso 3 1.0 Somali 3 1.0 Borana 3 1.0 Mijikenda 2 0.6 Samburu 1 0.3
108 109
Kamba 7 7.2 Mijikenda 4 4.1 Embu 3 3.1 Somali 3 3.1 Teso 2 2.1 Taita 1 1.0 Turkana 1 1.0 Tharaka 1 1.0 Borana 1 1.0 Total 97 100
Senior staff NCPD has eight senior staff of their total employees.There is fair distribution since six of them are drawn from the Kisii,Luo and Embu communities equally . Table 38:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NCPD
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kisii 2 25.0 Luo 2 25.0 Embu 2 25.0 Luhya 1 12.5 Kamba 1 12.5 Total 8 100 Kenya Literature Bureau The Kenya Literature Bureau is mandated to publish quality educational and knowledge materials at affordable prices, promote local authorship and provide shareholder value. KLB has 209 members of staff. KLB complies with the NCI Act as the Luo, the largest percentage, make up 19.6% of employees Table 39: KLB Ethnic Representation among Staff Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luo 41 19.6 Kalenjin 32 15.3 Kikuyu 30 14.4 Kamba 29 13.9 Luhya 26 12.4 Meru 23 11.0 Maasai 8 3.8 Kisii 7 3.3
109
Mijikenda 3 1.3 Taita 2 1.0 Teso 2 1.0 Embu 2 1.0 Rendille 2 1.0 Suba 1 0.5 Turkana 1 0.5 Total 209 100
Senior staff
KLB has 37 senior staff. The highest groups are from 24.3% equally drawing from theLuhya and Luo communities.
Table 40:Ethnic representation of senior staff at KLB
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luhya 9 24.3 Luo 9 24.3 Kikuyu 5 13.6 Kalenjin 4 10.8 Kamba 4 10.8 Kisii 1 2.7 Meru 1 2.7 Mijikenda 1 2.7 Rendile 1 2.7 Suba 1 2.7 Turkana 1 2.7 Total 37 100
NGO Coordination Board The Non-Governmental Organizations Co-ordination Board simply referred to as the NGOs Co-ordination Board was established by an Act of Parliament in 1990 and commenced its business on June 15, 1992. The main reason for the creation of the Board was to streamline the registration and Co-ordination of NGOs. The board has 56 employees.The Non-Governmental Organizations Co-ordination Board complies with the NCI Act as the Luo are 19.6% of employees.
Kamba 7 7.2 Mijikenda 4 4.1 Embu 3 3.1 Somali 3 3.1 Teso 2 2.1 Taita 1 1.0 Turkana 1 1.0 Tharaka 1 1.0 Borana 1 1.0 Total 97 100
Senior staff NCPD has eight senior staff of their total employees.There is fair distribution since six of them are drawn from the Kisii,Luo and Embu communities equally . Table 38:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NCPD
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kisii 2 25.0 Luo 2 25.0 Embu 2 25.0 Luhya 1 12.5 Kamba 1 12.5 Total 8 100 Kenya Literature Bureau The Kenya Literature Bureau is mandated to publish quality educational and knowledge materials at affordable prices, promote local authorship and provide shareholder value. KLB has 209 members of staff. KLB complies with the NCI Act as the Luo, the largest percentage, make up 19.6% of employees Table 39: KLB Ethnic Representation among Staff Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luo 41 19.6 Kalenjin 32 15.3 Kikuyu 30 14.4 Kamba 29 13.9 Luhya 26 12.4 Meru 23 11.0 Maasai 8 3.8 Kisii 7 3.3
110 111
Table 41: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luo 11 19.6 Kikuyu 10 17.9 Luhya 9 16.1 Kisii 8 14.3 Kalenjin 5 8.9 Kamba 4 7.1 Maasai 4 7.1 Suba 2 3.6 Mijikenda 2 3.6 Teso 1 1.8 Total 56 100
Senior staff NGO coordination board has eleven senior staff, most of whom are drawn from the Luo ethic group forming 36.4%. Table 42:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NGO Coordination Board
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 4 36.4 Kikuyu 3 27.2 Kalenjin 1 9.1 Kamba 1 9.1 Kisii 1 9.1 Suba 1 9.1 Total 11 100
National Government Constituencies Development Fund Board (NG-CDF BOARD) NG-CDF Board is the organ of the Kenyan Government responsible for the overall management of the constituency development fund (CDF) at the National level. It ensures that the administration of the fund is done efficiently and effectively. NG-CDF has 326 members of staff. The institution has complied with section 7(2) of the NCI Act since most of its employees drawn from one ethnic group form 19.9%.
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 65 19.9 Luo 47 15.4 Kalenjin 44 13.5
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Luhya 43 13.2 Kamba 27 8.3 Somali 22 6.7 Kisii 19 5.0 Meru 10 3.1 Mijikenda 9 2.8 Maasai 8 2.5 Boran 5 1.5 Turkana 5 1.5 Pokot 4 1.2 Swahili 4 1.2 Taita 4 1.2 Samburu 3 0.9 Bajun 2 0.6 Kuria 2 0.6 Suba 1 0.3 Rendille 1 0.3 Tharaka 1 0.3 Total 326 100.0
Senior staff
NG-CDF has 13 senior staff. Most of them who belong to the Kikuyu community form 46.1%.
Table 43:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NG-CDF
Ethnic Group Number Percent Kikuyu 6 46.1 Kamba 2 15.4 Luhya 2 15.4 Luo 2 15.4 Samburu 1 7.7 Total 13 100.0
National Hospital Insurance Fund National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF) is a State Parastatal that was established in 1966 as a department under the Ministry of Health. The original Act of Parliament that set up this Fund in 1966 has over the years been reviewed to accommodate the changing healthcare needs of the Kenyan population, employment and restructuring in the health sector. Currently an NHIF Act No 9 of 1998 governs the Fund. It is mandated to provide accessible, affordable, sustainable and quality health insurance for all Kenyan citizens.
Table 41: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luo 11 19.6 Kikuyu 10 17.9 Luhya 9 16.1 Kisii 8 14.3 Kalenjin 5 8.9 Kamba 4 7.1 Maasai 4 7.1 Suba 2 3.6 Mijikenda 2 3.6 Teso 1 1.8 Total 56 100
Senior staff NGO coordination board has eleven senior staff, most of whom are drawn from the Luo ethic group forming 36.4%. Table 42:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NGO Coordination Board
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 4 36.4 Kikuyu 3 27.2 Kalenjin 1 9.1 Kamba 1 9.1 Kisii 1 9.1 Suba 1 9.1 Total 11 100
National Government Constituencies Development Fund Board (NG-CDF BOARD) NG-CDF Board is the organ of the Kenyan Government responsible for the overall management of the constituency development fund (CDF) at the National level. It ensures that the administration of the fund is done efficiently and effectively. NG-CDF has 326 members of staff. The institution has complied with section 7(2) of the NCI Act since most of its employees drawn from one ethnic group form 19.9%.
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 65 19.9 Luo 47 15.4 Kalenjin 44 13.5
112 113
The National Health and Insurance Fund has 1,657 employees. NHIF complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 20.1% of the employees Table 44: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at NHIF Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 333 20.1 Kalenjin 312 18.8 Kamba 237 14.3 Luhya 175 10.6 Kisii 167 10.2 Luo 125 7.5 Meru 93 5.6 Somali 81 4.9 Maasai 20 1.2 Mijikenda 18 1.1 Embu 17 1.0 Taita 17 1.0 Borana 10 0.6 Arab 7 0.4 Samburu 7 0.4 Swahili 6 0.4 Nubi 5 0.3 Teso 5 0.3 Ilchamus 4 0.2 Njemps 4 0.2 Kuria 3 0.2 Mbeere 3 0.2 Rendille 3 0.2 Sakuye 2 0.1 Gabbra 1 0.1 Other Kenyans 1 0.1 Total 1,656 100
Senior staff NHIF has 76 employees in senior management positions.The biggest number of employees from one ethnic group, the Kikuyu, comprise 26.3% of all staff.
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Table 45:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NHIF
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 20 26.3 Kalenjin 18 23.7 Kisii 9 11.8 Kamba 7 9.2 Luhya 5 6.6 Luo 4 5.3 Meru 4 5.3 Somali 3 3.9 Maasai 2 2.6 Taita 2 2.6 Digo 1 1.3 Njemps 1 1.3 Total 76 100.0
East African Portland Cement Company The East African Portland Cement Company is a quasi parastatal as almost 40% of its shares is owned by private firms. As a cement manufacturing company, the East African Portland Cement Company exists to produce world class cement, thereby providing the 'lifeblood' of the construction industry in Kenya. The institution has 1290 members of staff. The East African Portland Cement Company complies with the NCI Act as the Kamba, the majority, make up 20.1%. Table 46: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kamba 260 20.1 Masaai 244 18.9 Kikuyu 198 15.3 Kalenjin 194 15.0 Luo 148 11.5 Luhya 97 7.5 Mijikenda 35 2.7 Meru 33 2.6 Taita 26 2.0 Kisii 25 1.9 Somali 11 0.9 Foreigner 5 0.4 Swahili 4 0.3
The National Health and Insurance Fund has 1,657 employees. NHIF complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 20.1% of the employees Table 44: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at NHIF Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 333 20.1 Kalenjin 312 18.8 Kamba 237 14.3 Luhya 175 10.6 Kisii 167 10.2 Luo 125 7.5 Meru 93 5.6 Somali 81 4.9 Maasai 20 1.2 Mijikenda 18 1.1 Embu 17 1.0 Taita 17 1.0 Borana 10 0.6 Arab 7 0.4 Samburu 7 0.4 Swahili 6 0.4 Nubi 5 0.3 Teso 5 0.3 Ilchamus 4 0.2 Njemps 4 0.2 Kuria 3 0.2 Mbeere 3 0.2 Rendille 3 0.2 Sakuye 2 0.1 Gabbra 1 0.1 Other Kenyans 1 0.1 Total 1,656 100
Senior staff NHIF has 76 employees in senior management positions.The biggest number of employees from one ethnic group, the Kikuyu, comprise 26.3% of all staff.
114 115
Borana 3 0.2 Embu 2 0.2 Suba 2 0.2 Turkana 2 0.2 Samburu 1 0.1 Total 1290 100
Senior staff East Africa Portland has 26 senior staff. The largest number belongs to the Maasai community and form 23.1% of the staff.
Table 47:Ethnic representation of senior staff at EAPC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Maasai 6 23.1 Kalenjin 5 19.3 Kikuyu 4 15.4 Kamba 3 11.5 Luo 2 7.7 Meru 2 7.7 Luhya 2 7.7 Embu 1 3.8 Mijikenda 1 3.8 Total 26 100.0
Communication Authority of Kenya (CAK) Established in 1999 by the Kenya Information and Communications Act, 1998, CAK is responsible for facilitating the development of the Information and Communications sectors including; broadcasting, multimedia, telecommunications, electronic commerce, postal and courier services.
The Authority has 242 staff members. It has complied with section 7(2) of the NCI Act. This is because majority of its staff from one ethnic community form 20.2% of the staff population. They belong to the Luhya community.
General staff
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 49 20.2 Kalenjin 49 20.2 Kikuyu 44 18.2 Kamba 23 9.5 Luo 23 9.5 Kisii 15 6.2
115
Meru 10 4.1 Taita 7 2.9 Embu 6 2.5 Maasai 3 1.2 Arab 2 0.8 Borana 2 0.8 Mijikenda 3 1.2 Samburu 2 0.8 Somali 2 0.8 Gabra 1 0.4 Nubi 1 0.4 Total 242 100.0
Senior staff The Commuicatio Authority of Kenya has 26 senior staff members. Most of them belong to the Kalenjin community and comprise of 26.9% of all staff.
Table 48:Ethnic representation of senior staff at CAK
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 7 26.9 Kamba 5 19.2 Luhya 4 15.4 Kisii 2 7.7 Kikuyu 2 7.7 Embu 2 7.7 Luo 2 7.7 Somali 1 3.8 Mijikenda 1 3.8 Total 26 100.0
Geothermal Development Company The Geothermal Development Company (GDC) was established under Sessional paper No. 4 of 2004, and the energy Act No.12 of 2006, as a Special Purpose Vehicle to fast track the development of geothermal resources in the country. Geothermal energy is an indigenous, abundant, reliable and environmentally- friendly source of electricity. GDC has 784 employees. It complies with the NCI Act as the largest percentage, the Kikuyu, comprise of 20.4% of the staff population. Table 49: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 160 20.4
Borana 3 0.2 Embu 2 0.2 Suba 2 0.2 Turkana 2 0.2 Samburu 1 0.1 Total 1290 100
Senior staff East Africa Portland has 26 senior staff. The largest number belongs to the Maasai community and form 23.1% of the staff.
Table 47:Ethnic representation of senior staff at EAPC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Maasai 6 23.1 Kalenjin 5 19.3 Kikuyu 4 15.4 Kamba 3 11.5 Luo 2 7.7 Meru 2 7.7 Luhya 2 7.7 Embu 1 3.8 Mijikenda 1 3.8 Total 26 100.0
Communication Authority of Kenya (CAK) Established in 1999 by the Kenya Information and Communications Act, 1998, CAK is responsible for facilitating the development of the Information and Communications sectors including; broadcasting, multimedia, telecommunications, electronic commerce, postal and courier services.
The Authority has 242 staff members. It has complied with section 7(2) of the NCI Act. This is because majority of its staff from one ethnic community form 20.2% of the staff population. They belong to the Luhya community.
General staff
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 49 20.2 Kalenjin 49 20.2 Kikuyu 44 18.2 Kamba 23 9.5 Luo 23 9.5 Kisii 15 6.2
116 117
Luo 131 16.7 Kalenjin 125 15.9 Luhya 112 14.3 Meru 54 6.9 Kamba 47 6.0 Maasai 39 5.0 Kisii 33 4.2 Somali 28 3.6 Taita 25 3.2 Mijikenda 9 1.1 Turkana 8 1.0 Embu 7 0.9 Njemps 4 0.5 Teso 2 0.3 Total 784 100
Senior staff GDC has 57 senior staff and the highest ethnic group being Luhya at 19.3%. Table 50:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at GDC
Ethnic group Number Percentage Luhya 11 19.3 Luo 11 19.3 Kikuyu 9 15.8 Kalenjin 8 14.0 Kamba 7 12.3 Kisii 4 7.0 Meru 4 7.0 Taita 2 3.5 Maasai 1 1.8 Total 57 100.0
Kenya Tourism Board The Kenya Tourism Board exists to develop, implement and co-ordinate a National Tourism marketing strategy at the local, National, Regional and international levels as a premier tourist destination. The Board identifies tourism market needs and trends and advise tourism stakeholders accordingly. The Kenya Tourism Board has 72 employees. The Kenya Tourism Board complies with the NCI Act as the Luo, the largest ethnic community, make up 20.8%
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Table 51: Ethnic distribution of KTB staff Ethnicity Frequency Percentage Luo 15 20.8 Kikuyu 14 19.4 Kalenjin 13 18.1 Kamba 12 16.7 Meru 6 8.3 Luhya 5 6.9 Maasai 2 2.8 Taita 1 1.4 Kenyan Arab 1 1.4 Embu 1 1.4 Swahili 1 1.4 Teso 1 1.4 Total 72 100
Senior staff Kenya Tourism Board has 14 senior staff. 28.6% of them belong to the Kikuyu community. Table 52:Ethnic representation of senior staff at KTB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 28.6 Luhya 2 14.4 Kamba 2 14.4 Kalenjin 1 7.1 Luo 1 7.1 Teso 1 7.1 Meru 1 7.1 Embu 1 7.1 Maasai 1 7.1 Total 14 100
Kenya Bureau of Standards The Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) is a statutory body established under the Standards Act (CAP 496) of the laws of Kenya. KEBS is the policy-making body for supervising and controlling the administration and financial management of the Bureau.
Luo 131 16.7 Kalenjin 125 15.9 Luhya 112 14.3 Meru 54 6.9 Kamba 47 6.0 Maasai 39 5.0 Kisii 33 4.2 Somali 28 3.6 Taita 25 3.2 Mijikenda 9 1.1 Turkana 8 1.0 Embu 7 0.9 Njemps 4 0.5 Teso 2 0.3 Total 784 100
Senior staff GDC has 57 senior staff and the highest ethnic group being Luhya at 19.3%. Table 50:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at GDC
Ethnic group Number Percentage Luhya 11 19.3 Luo 11 19.3 Kikuyu 9 15.8 Kalenjin 8 14.0 Kamba 7 12.3 Kisii 4 7.0 Meru 4 7.0 Taita 2 3.5 Maasai 1 1.8 Total 57 100.0
Kenya Tourism Board The Kenya Tourism Board exists to develop, implement and co-ordinate a National Tourism marketing strategy at the local, National, Regional and international levels as a premier tourist destination. The Board identifies tourism market needs and trends and advise tourism stakeholders accordingly. The Kenya Tourism Board has 72 employees. The Kenya Tourism Board complies with the NCI Act as the Luo, the largest ethnic community, make up 20.8%
118 119
KEBS has 860 employees. KEBS complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 20.8%. Inclusion of minority groups such as the Nubi and Suba is also impressive. Table 53: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KEBS Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 179 20.8 Luo 147 17.1 Luhya 130 15.1 Kamba 116 13.5 Kalenjin 99 11.5 Kisii 93 10.8 Meru 23 2.7 Mijikenda 19 2.2 Somali 19 2.2 Taita 16 1.9 Embu 10 1.2 Maasai 3 0.3 Suba 1 0.1 swahili 1 0.1 Kuria 1 0.1 Taveta 1 0.1 Mbeere 1 0.1 Nubi 1 0.1 Total 860 100.0
Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) Established through an Act of Parliament in November 2011, IPOA is mandated to provide civilian oversight over the work of the police in Kenya through conducting impartial and independent investigations, inspections, audits and monitoring of the National Police Service to prevent impunity and enhance professionalism in the interest of the public. IPOA has 77 members of staff. IPOA complies with the NCI Act. The largest community, the Kikuyu, make up 20.8% of staff. Table 54: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 16 20.8 Luo 12 15.6 Luhya 9 11.7
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Kalenjin 11 14.3 Kamba 7 9.0 Meru 6 7.8 Taita 5 6.5 Kisii 4 5.2 Embu 2 2.6 Kenyan Somali 2 2.6 Borana 1 1.3 Kuria 1 1.3 Maasai 1 1.3 Total 77 100
Senior staff
IPOA has fourteen senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kamba who comprise 21.5% of the senior staff.
Table 55:Ethnic representation of senior staff at IPOA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kamba 3 21.5 Kikuyu 3 21.5 Luhya 2 14.3 Kalenjin 2 14.3 Luo 1 7.1 Meru 1 7.1 Kenyan Somali 1 7.1 Borana 1 7.1 Total 14 100
Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited (Kenya Re) Kenya Reinsurance Corporation Limited (Kenya Re) is the oldest Reinsurer in Eastern and Central Africa. Kenya Re was established under an Act of Parliament in December 1970 under the State Reinsurance Corporation Act of the laws of Kenya Chapter 485 in January 1971. Kenya Re’s core activity is providing reinsurance services for most classes of business. Kenya Re has 95 members of staff. Kenya Re complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 21% of employees.
KEBS has 860 employees. KEBS complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 20.8%. Inclusion of minority groups such as the Nubi and Suba is also impressive. Table 53: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KEBS Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 179 20.8 Luo 147 17.1 Luhya 130 15.1 Kamba 116 13.5 Kalenjin 99 11.5 Kisii 93 10.8 Meru 23 2.7 Mijikenda 19 2.2 Somali 19 2.2 Taita 16 1.9 Embu 10 1.2 Maasai 3 0.3 Suba 1 0.1 swahili 1 0.1 Kuria 1 0.1 Taveta 1 0.1 Mbeere 1 0.1 Nubi 1 0.1 Total 860 100.0
Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) Established through an Act of Parliament in November 2011, IPOA is mandated to provide civilian oversight over the work of the police in Kenya through conducting impartial and independent investigations, inspections, audits and monitoring of the National Police Service to prevent impunity and enhance professionalism in the interest of the public. IPOA has 77 members of staff. IPOA complies with the NCI Act. The largest community, the Kikuyu, make up 20.8% of staff. Table 54: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 16 20.8 Luo 12 15.6 Luhya 9 11.7
120 121
Table 56: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 20 21 Luo 11 11.5 Kisii 10 10.5 Kamba 10 10.5 Luhya 10 10.5 Meru 10 10.5 Kalenjin 7 7.4 Foreigner 5 5.3 Embu 3 3.2 Teso 3 3.2 Mijikenda 2 2.1 Taita 2 2.1 Somali 1 1.1 Maasai 1 1.1 Total 95 100
Senior staff Kenya Re has 28 senior staff. . The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise 25% of the senior staff.
Table 57:Ethnic representation of senior staff at Kenya Re
Ethnic group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 7 25.0 Luhya 5 17.9 Kamba 4 14.3 Luo 3 10.7 Kisii 3 10.7 Meru 3 10.7 Mijikenda 1 3.6 Foreigner 1 3.6 Embu 1 3.6 Total 28 100.0 Higher Education Loans Board The Higher Education Loans Boardis a State Corporation under the then Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology. HELB was established by an Act of Parliament (Cap 213A) in 1995.The mandate of the Board is to disburse loans, bursaries and scholarship to students pursuing higher education in recognized institution.
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HELB has 114 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act as the largest ethnic group, the Kikuyu, in its staff forms 21.1%. Table 58: Ethnic profiling of staff at HELB Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 24 21.1 Kalenjin 21 18.4 Luhya 14 12.3 Luo 12 10.5 Kamba 10 8.8 Kisii 8 7 Kuria 8 7 Meru 7 6.1 Taita 3 2.6 Maasai 3 2.6 Borana 2 1.8 Samburu 1 0.9 Embu 1 0.9 Total 114 100
Senior staff HELB has 17 senior staff. . The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise35.3% of the senior staff.
Table 59: Ethnic Representation among Senior Staff at HELB
Ethnic group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 6 35.3 Kalenjin 3 17.6 Kisii 3 17.6 Kamba 2 11.8 Luhya 2 11.8 Embu 1 5.9 Total 17 100 Coast Development Authority Coast Development Authority (CDA) is a state corporation established by an Act of Parliament No. 20 of 1990 (cap 449) of the Laws of Kenya to plan and co-ordinate the implementation of development projects in the whole of the Coast province and the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and for connected purposes.
Table 56: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 20 21 Luo 11 11.5 Kisii 10 10.5 Kamba 10 10.5 Luhya 10 10.5 Meru 10 10.5 Kalenjin 7 7.4 Foreigner 5 5.3 Embu 3 3.2 Teso 3 3.2 Mijikenda 2 2.1 Taita 2 2.1 Somali 1 1.1 Maasai 1 1.1 Total 95 100
Senior staff Kenya Re has 28 senior staff. . The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise 25% of the senior staff.
Table 57:Ethnic representation of senior staff at Kenya Re
Ethnic group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 7 25.0 Luhya 5 17.9 Kamba 4 14.3 Luo 3 10.7 Kisii 3 10.7 Meru 3 10.7 Mijikenda 1 3.6 Foreigner 1 3.6 Embu 1 3.6 Total 28 100.0 Higher Education Loans Board The Higher Education Loans Boardis a State Corporation under the then Ministry of Higher Education, Science and Technology. HELB was established by an Act of Parliament (Cap 213A) in 1995.The mandate of the Board is to disburse loans, bursaries and scholarship to students pursuing higher education in recognized institution.
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The Coast Development Authority has 19 employees. 21.1% of them belong to the Mijikenda ethnic group. CODA complies with the stipulation of section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 60: Staff Ethnic Balancing in CODA Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Mijikenda 4 21.1 Taita 3 15.8 Embu 3 15.8 Kamba 3 15.8 Luhya 2 10.5
Kenyan Somali 2 10.5
Kenyan Arabs 2 10.5
Total 19 100 Senior staff CDA has Eight senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Mijikendawho comprise50% of the senior staff.
Table 61:Ethnic representation of senior staff at CDA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Mijikenda 4 50.0 Taita 3 37.5 Luhya 1 12.5 Total 8 100.0 Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited (KSLH) is a government parastatal mandated with the provision of premium hotel and lodge accommodation, current conference and business meeting venues, customised beach and safari experiences as well as high value niche products. Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited has 327 members of staff. 21.2% of these staffs are drawn from the Kamba community. As a result, the Hotels comply with the provision of section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 62: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Ltd Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kamba 69 21.1 Mijikenda 64 19.6
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Taita 53 16.1 Kikuyu 31 9.5 Luo 31 9.5 Luhya 26 8.0 Kalenjin 14 4.3 Kisii 13 4.0 Meru 11 3.4 Embu 5 1.5 Maasai 5 1.5 Foreigners 2 0.6 Samburu 1 0.3 Kenyan Somali 1 0.3 Kenyan Arabs 1 0.3 Total 327 100
Senior staff KSLH has nine senior staff. . The largest ethnic group is Taitawho comprise44.4% of the senior staff.
Table 63:Ethnic representation of senior staff at KSLH
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Taita 4 44.4 Mijikenda 1 11.1 Luhya 1 11.1 Meru 1 11.1 Kikuyu 1 11.1 Kalenjin 1 11.1 Total 9 100
Tourism Fund Tourism Fund is a body corporate established under the Tourism Act, 2011 which came into operation on 1st September, 2012 vide special issue Kenya Gazette Supplement No. 93 of 24thAugust, 2012.The Fund is the legal successor to Catering and Tourism Development Levy Trustees. The Tourism Fund has 212 employees. It complies with the NCI Act as the largest group is composed of 20.8% from the Kalenjin community.
The Coast Development Authority has 19 employees. 21.1% of them belong to the Mijikenda ethnic group. CODA complies with the stipulation of section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 60: Staff Ethnic Balancing in CODA Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Mijikenda 4 21.1 Taita 3 15.8 Embu 3 15.8 Kamba 3 15.8 Luhya 2 10.5
Kenyan Somali 2 10.5
Kenyan Arabs 2 10.5
Total 19 100 Senior staff CDA has Eight senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Mijikendawho comprise50% of the senior staff.
Table 61:Ethnic representation of senior staff at CDA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Mijikenda 4 50.0 Taita 3 37.5 Luhya 1 12.5 Total 8 100.0 Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited (KSLH) is a government parastatal mandated with the provision of premium hotel and lodge accommodation, current conference and business meeting venues, customised beach and safari experiences as well as high value niche products. Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Limited has 327 members of staff. 21.2% of these staffs are drawn from the Kamba community. As a result, the Hotels comply with the provision of section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 62: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Kenya Safari Lodges and Hotels Ltd Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kamba 69 21.1 Mijikenda 64 19.6
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Table 64: Ethnic composition of Staff at the Tourism Fund Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 45 21.2 Luo 39 18.4 Luhya 35 16.6 Kikuyu 24 11.3 Kisii 15 7.1 Mijikenda 9 4.2 Kamba 9 4.2 Meru 6 2.8 Kenyan Somali 6 2.8 Maasai 6 2.8 Suba 5 2.4 Taita 5 2.4 Swahili 4 1.9 Kenyan Arabs 2 0.9 Samburu 1 0.5 Embu 1 0.5 Total 212 100
Senior staff Tourism Fund has 22 senior staff. . The largest ethnic group is Luowho comprise31.8% of the senior staff.
Table 65: Ethnic Composition of Senior Staff at Tourism Fund
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 7 31.8 Kikuyu 5 22.7 Kalenjin 2 9.2 Kamba 2 9.1 Luhya 2 9.1 Kisii 2 9.1 Mijikenda 1 4.5 Suba 1 4.5 Total 22 100 Energy Regulatory Commission Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) was established under the Energy Act, 2006. Following the operationalization of the Energy Act, 2006, with effect from July 7 2007, the Electricity Regulatory Board (ERB)became Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC). The Commission is
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mandated to; Regulate the electrical energy, petroleum and related products, renewable energy and other forms of energy; Protect the interests of consumer, investor and other stakeholder interests; Monitor the observance of the principles of fair competition in the energy sector, in coordination with other statutory authorities, among other functions. ERC has 74 employees. ERC complies with the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 21.6% of staff. Table 66: Ethnic Composition of General Staff at ERC Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 16 21.6 Luhya 13 17.6 Kalenjin 12 16.2 Luo 11 14.9 Meru 9 12.2 Kamba 5 6.8 Kisii 5 6.8 Swahili 1 1.3 Somali 1 1.3 Taita 1 1.3 Total 74 100
Senior staff ERC has thirteen senior staff. . The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise38.5% of the senior staff.
Table 67:Ethnic representation of senior staff at ERC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 5 38.5 Kamba 3 23.1 Luo 2 15.4 Luhya 2 15.4 Kisii 1 7.6 Total 13 100.0
Kenya Utalii College The Kenya Utalii College is the Secretariat for Africa's only Association of Hospitality and Tourism Schools (AHTSA) which has a membership of more than 27 Hospitality schools drawn from over 15 countries. It is also an East African Legislative Assembly (EALA) accredited Center of Excellence in Hospitality and Tourism training.
Table 64: Ethnic composition of Staff at the Tourism Fund Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 45 21.2 Luo 39 18.4 Luhya 35 16.6 Kikuyu 24 11.3 Kisii 15 7.1 Mijikenda 9 4.2 Kamba 9 4.2 Meru 6 2.8 Kenyan Somali 6 2.8 Maasai 6 2.8 Suba 5 2.4 Taita 5 2.4 Swahili 4 1.9 Kenyan Arabs 2 0.9 Samburu 1 0.5 Embu 1 0.5 Total 212 100
Senior staff Tourism Fund has 22 senior staff. . The largest ethnic group is Luowho comprise31.8% of the senior staff.
Table 65: Ethnic Composition of Senior Staff at Tourism Fund
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 7 31.8 Kikuyu 5 22.7 Kalenjin 2 9.2 Kamba 2 9.1 Luhya 2 9.1 Kisii 2 9.1 Mijikenda 1 4.5 Suba 1 4.5 Total 22 100 Energy Regulatory Commission Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) was established under the Energy Act, 2006. Following the operationalization of the Energy Act, 2006, with effect from July 7 2007, the Electricity Regulatory Board (ERB)became Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC). The Commission is
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The Kenya Utalii College has 524 members of staff. The majority of them belong to the Kikuyu community who form 22.7% of the entire staff population. The College complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 68: Ethnic profiling among staff at the Utalii College Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 115 21.9 Kamba 69 13.1 Luhya 57 10.9 Luo 51 9.7 Meru 48 9.1 Kalenjin 43 8.2 Mijikenda 55 10.5 Taita 32 6.1 Samburu 8 1.5 Embu 7 1.3 Galla 7 1.3 Rendille 7 1.3 Teso 5 1.0 Kisii 4 0.8 Maasai 3 0.6 Mbeere 3 0.6 Taveta 2 0.4 Kenyan Somali 2 0.3 Tharaka 1 0.2 Gabbra 1 0.2 Waat 1 0.2 Kenyan Arabs 1 0.2 Foreigners 1 0.2 Swahili 1 0.2 Kuria 1 0.2 Total 525 100
Senior staff Kenya Utalii College has 43 senior staff. . The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise 26% of the senior staff.
Table 69:Ethnic representation of senior staff At Utalii College
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 11 26
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Kamba 9 21 Luhya 6 14 Luo 4 9 Meru 3 7 Kalenjin 3 7 Maasai 2 5 Taita 2 5 Kisii 1 2 Other kenyans 1 2 Foreigners 1 2 Totals 43 100
Kenya National Trading Corporation Kenya National Trading Corporation (KNTC) Limited is a state corporation charged with the mandate of promoting wholesale, retail and e-commerce business, promotion and development of SMEs and strengthening the supply chain among other. The total number of employees at KNTC is 68. The Kenya National Trading Corporation complies with the NCI Act as the largest community the Kikuyu make up 22.1% Table 70: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 15 22.1 Luhya 14 20.6 Luo 13 19.1 Kalenjin 9 13.1 Meru 5 7.3 Kamba 4 5.9 Kisii 4 5.9 Taita 1 1.5 Teso 1 1.5 Mijikenda 1 1.5 Somali 1 1.5 Total 68 100
Senior staff KNTC has fourteen senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise28.6% of the senior staff.
The Kenya Utalii College has 524 members of staff. The majority of them belong to the Kikuyu community who form 22.7% of the entire staff population. The College complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 68: Ethnic profiling among staff at the Utalii College Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 115 21.9 Kamba 69 13.1 Luhya 57 10.9 Luo 51 9.7 Meru 48 9.1 Kalenjin 43 8.2 Mijikenda 55 10.5 Taita 32 6.1 Samburu 8 1.5 Embu 7 1.3 Galla 7 1.3 Rendille 7 1.3 Teso 5 1.0 Kisii 4 0.8 Maasai 3 0.6 Mbeere 3 0.6 Taveta 2 0.4 Kenyan Somali 2 0.3 Tharaka 1 0.2 Gabbra 1 0.2 Waat 1 0.2 Kenyan Arabs 1 0.2 Foreigners 1 0.2 Swahili 1 0.2 Kuria 1 0.2 Total 525 100
Senior staff Kenya Utalii College has 43 senior staff. . The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise 26% of the senior staff.
Table 69:Ethnic representation of senior staff At Utalii College
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 11 26
128 129
Table 71:Ethnic representation of senior staff at KNTC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 28.6 Kalenjin 3 21.4 Luo 2 14.3 Luhya 2 14.3 Meru 2 14.3 Kamba 1 7.1 Total 14 100.0
National Biosafety Authority The National Biosafety Authority (NBA) was established by the Biosafety Act No. 2 of 2009 to exercise general supervision and control over the transfer, handling and use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The institution has 36 members of staff. The National Biosafety Authority complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 22.2%. Table 72: NBA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic
Group Number Percentage
1 Kikuyu 8 22.2 2 Kalenjin 7 194 3 Meru 6 16.7 4 Kamba 4 11.1 5 Luhya 3 8.3 6 Luo 3 8.3 7 Kisii 2 5.6 8 Kuria 1 2.8 9 Embu 1 2.8 10 Swahili 1 2.8 Total 36 100
Senior Staff NBA has six senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise33.2% of the senior staff.
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Table 73:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NBA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 2 33.2 Kalenjin 1 16.7 Luo 1 16.7 Kamba 1 16.7 Swahili 1 16.7 Total 6 100.0
Kenya Urban Roads Authority Established under the Kenya Roads Act, 2007, the Kenya Urban Roads Authority (KURA) is mandated to Manage, Develop, Rehabilitate and maintain all public roads in the cities and municipalities in Kenya except where those roads are national roads. KURA has 270 employees. KURA complies with the NCI Act as the largest community the Kikuyu make up 22.2%. Table 74: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percent Kikuyu 60 22.2 Kalenjin 54 20.0 Maasai 27 10.0 Luo 23 8.5 Kamba 22 8.1 Kisii 21 7.8 Luhya 19 7.0 Meru 18 6.8 Somali 7 2.6 Mijikenda 4 1.5 Taita 3 1.1 Borana 3 1.1 Kuria 2 0.7 Teso 2 0.7 Swahili 2 0.7 Embu 1 0.4 Ilchamus 1 0.4 Samburu 1 0.4 Total 270 100
Table 71:Ethnic representation of senior staff at KNTC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 28.6 Kalenjin 3 21.4 Luo 2 14.3 Luhya 2 14.3 Meru 2 14.3 Kamba 1 7.1 Total 14 100.0
National Biosafety Authority The National Biosafety Authority (NBA) was established by the Biosafety Act No. 2 of 2009 to exercise general supervision and control over the transfer, handling and use of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The institution has 36 members of staff. The National Biosafety Authority complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 22.2%. Table 72: NBA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic
Group Number Percentage
1 Kikuyu 8 22.2 2 Kalenjin 7 194 3 Meru 6 16.7 4 Kamba 4 11.1 5 Luhya 3 8.3 6 Luo 3 8.3 7 Kisii 2 5.6 8 Kuria 1 2.8 9 Embu 1 2.8 10 Swahili 1 2.8 Total 36 100
Senior Staff NBA has six senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise33.2% of the senior staff.
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Senior staff KURA has 39 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise28.2% of the senior staff.
Table 75:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KURA
National Construction Authority The National Construction Authority is mandated to streamline, overhaul and regulate the construction industry in Kenya and establish a code of conduct for the industry. The institution has 102 members of staff. The National Construction Authority has complies with the NCI Act as the largest community the Kikuyu make up 22.5% Table 76: NCA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 23 22.5 Kisii 18 17.6 Kalenjin 19 18.6 Luo 15 14.8 Kamba 10 9.8 Luhya 9 8.8 Meru 3 2.9 Kenyan Somali 2 2.0 Taita 1 1.0 Borana 1 1.0 Maasai 1 1.0 Total 102 100
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 11 28.2 Kalenjin 7 17.9 Luo 5 12.8 Meru 4 10.3 Somali 3 7.7 Kamba 3 7.7 Kisii 2 5.0 Maasai 1 2.6 Luhya 1 2.6 Borana 1 2.6 Teso 1 2.6 Total 39 100
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Senior staff NCA has 14 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luowho comprise28.8% of the senior staff.
Table 77:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NCA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 4 28.8 Kalenjin 3 21.4 Kikuyu 3 21.4 Kamba 1 7.1 Kisii 1 7.1 Luhya 1 7.1 Meru 1 7.1 Total 14 100 Anti FGM Board The Anti-FGM board is a body designed to tackle female genital mutilation in Kenya. The Board has complied with the provisions of section 7(2) of the NCI Act. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise22.7%.
General staff
Ethnic Group Number Percent Kikuyu 5 22.7 Luo 5 22.7 Kalenjin 3 13.6 Kamba 2 9.1 Maasai 2 9.1 Kenyan asian 1 4.5 Kisii 1 4.5 Luhya 1 4.5 Somali 1 4.5 Meru 1 4.5 Total 22 100.0
Senior staff ANTI-FGM has five senior staff and it is fairly distributed among five ethnic groups being the Maasai,Luo,Kalenjin,Kamba and Kisii at 20% each. Table 78:Ethnic representation of senior staff
Ethnic Group Number Percent Maasai 1 20
Senior staff KURA has 39 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise28.2% of the senior staff.
Table 75:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KURA
National Construction Authority The National Construction Authority is mandated to streamline, overhaul and regulate the construction industry in Kenya and establish a code of conduct for the industry. The institution has 102 members of staff. The National Construction Authority has complies with the NCI Act as the largest community the Kikuyu make up 22.5% Table 76: NCA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 23 22.5 Kisii 18 17.6 Kalenjin 19 18.6 Luo 15 14.8 Kamba 10 9.8 Luhya 9 8.8 Meru 3 2.9 Kenyan Somali 2 2.0 Taita 1 1.0 Borana 1 1.0 Maasai 1 1.0 Total 102 100
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 11 28.2 Kalenjin 7 17.9 Luo 5 12.8 Meru 4 10.3 Somali 3 7.7 Kamba 3 7.7 Kisii 2 5.0 Maasai 1 2.6 Luhya 1 2.6 Borana 1 2.6 Teso 1 2.6 Total 39 100
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Luo 1 20 Kalenjin 1 20 Kamba 1 20 Kisii 1 20 Total 5 100.0
Rural Electrification Authority The Rural Electrification Authority was established under Section 66 of the Energy Act, 2006 (No 12 of 2006) as a body corporate. The Authority was created in order to accelerate the pace of rural electrification in the country, a function which was previously undertaken by the Ministry of Energy. It is mandated to accelerate the pace of rural electrification in order to promote sustainable socio-economic development. REA has 154 employees. Rural Electrification Authority complies with the NCI Act in general staff composition as the Kikuyu make up 22.7%. Table 79: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 35 22.7 Luo 21 13.6 Kisii 20 13.0 Kalenjin 20 13.0 Kamba 18 11.7 Luhya 15 9.7 Meru 12 7.8 Mijikenda 4 2.6 Somali 3 1.9 Embu 2 1.4 Taita 2 1.4 Swahili 1 0.6 Teso 1 0.6 Total 154 100
Senior staff REA has fifteen senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise40% of the senior staff.
Table 80:Ethnic representation of senior staff at REA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 6 40.0 Luo 3 20.0 Kalenjin 2 13.2
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Kisii 1 6.7 Luhya 1 6.7 Mijikenda 1 6.7 Kamba 1 6.7 Total 15 100 Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Authority (AFFA) The Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Authority (AFFA) was established through an Act of Parliament, the Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Authority Act of 2013. Among other functions, AFFA is mandated to promote best practices in, and regulate, the production, processing, marketing, grading, storage, collection, transportation and warehousing of agricultural and aquatic products excluding livestock products as may be provided for under the Crops Act, and the Fisheries Act. The Authority is the successor to the institutions existing before the commencement of the AFFA Act and the Crops Act. These are the Coconut Development Authority, Kenya Sugar Board, Tea Board of Kenya, Coffee Board of Kenya, Horticultural Crops Development Authority, Pyrethrum Board of Kenya, Cotton Development Authority and Sisal Board of Kenya. These now function as the following Directorates of AFFA: Food Directorate; Horticultural Crops Directorate; Tea Directorate; Coffee Directorate; Sugar Directorate; Nuts and Oil Crops Directorate; Fibre Crops Directorate; Pyrethrum Directorate; and Fisheries Directorate. AFFA has 744 employees. AFFA complies with the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kalenjin, comprise of 23.1% of the staff population Table 81: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 172 23.1 Kikuyu 152 20.4 Luo 107 14.4 Luhya 90 12.1 Kamba 63 8.5 Kisii 56 7.5 Meru 30 4.0 Mijikenda 23 3.1 Embu 17 2.3 Taita 9 1.2 Teso 7 0.9 Suba 4 0.5 Kuria 3 0.4 Maasai 3 0.4 Swahili 2 0.3 Somali 2 0.3
Luo 1 20 Kalenjin 1 20 Kamba 1 20 Kisii 1 20 Total 5 100.0
Rural Electrification Authority The Rural Electrification Authority was established under Section 66 of the Energy Act, 2006 (No 12 of 2006) as a body corporate. The Authority was created in order to accelerate the pace of rural electrification in the country, a function which was previously undertaken by the Ministry of Energy. It is mandated to accelerate the pace of rural electrification in order to promote sustainable socio-economic development. REA has 154 employees. Rural Electrification Authority complies with the NCI Act in general staff composition as the Kikuyu make up 22.7%. Table 79: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 35 22.7 Luo 21 13.6 Kisii 20 13.0 Kalenjin 20 13.0 Kamba 18 11.7 Luhya 15 9.7 Meru 12 7.8 Mijikenda 4 2.6 Somali 3 1.9 Embu 2 1.4 Taita 2 1.4 Swahili 1 0.6 Teso 1 0.6 Total 154 100
Senior staff REA has fifteen senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise40% of the senior staff.
Table 80:Ethnic representation of senior staff at REA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 6 40.0 Luo 3 20.0 Kalenjin 2 13.2
134 135
Borana 1 0.1 Mbeere 1 0.1 Nubi 1 0.1 Turkana 1 0.1 Total 744 100
Senior staff AFFA has 86 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjinwho comprise22.1% of the senior staff.
Table 82:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at AFFA
Ethnic group Number Percentage Kalenjin 19 22.1 Luhya 14 16.3 Luo 13 15. Kikuyu 11 12.8 Kamba 7 8.1 Meru 4 4.7 Maasai 3 3.5 Kisii 3 3.5 Mijikenda 3 3.5 Embu 2 2.3 Teso 2 2.3 Rendille 1 1.2 Borana 1 1.2 Mbeere 1 1.2 Other kenyans 1 1.2 Foreigners 1 1.2 Total 86 100.0
Kenya Film Classification Board Established in the 1930’s as a statutory body with a regulatory role under part III of the films and Stage plays act cap. 222 of the laws of Kenya, the Kenya Film Classification Board (KFCB) ismandated to classify films for public exhibition and to ensure that they conform to national aspirations. The Kenya Film Classification Board has 51 employees. The KFCB complies with the NCI Act as the Kalenjin, the largest community, make up 24%.
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Table 83: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 12 23.5 Luhya 9 17.6 Kikuyu 9 17.6 Kisii 5 9.8 Kamba 4 7.8 Taita 2 3.9 Somali 2 3.9 Luo 2 3.9 Mijikenda 1 2.0 Borana 1 2.0 Maasai 1 2.0 Embu 1 2.0 Kuria 1 2.0 Meru 1 2.0 Total 51 100
Senior staff
Kenya Film Classification Board has Five senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luhyawho comprise40% of the senior staff.
Table 84:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KFCB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 2 40.0 Kalenjin 1 20.0 Kikuyu 1 20.0 Kamba 1 20.0 Total 5 100
Agricultural Finance Corporation (AFC) The Agricultural Finance Corporation (AFC), a wholly owned Government Development Finance Institution (DFI), was established in 1963 initially as a subsidiary of the Land and Agricultural Bank. In 1969, it was incorporated as a full – fledged financial institution under the Agricultural Finance Corporation Act, Cap 323 of the laws of Kenya. It was then tasked in assisting in the effective and peaceful transfer of land to indigenous farmers, as well as injecting new capital to farm owners to spur development. After successful implementation of this task, AFC was further reconstituted in 1969 to assume a wider mandate by taking over the functions of the Land and Agricultural Bank of Kenya.
Borana 1 0.1 Mbeere 1 0.1 Nubi 1 0.1 Turkana 1 0.1 Total 744 100
Senior staff AFFA has 86 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjinwho comprise22.1% of the senior staff.
Table 82:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at AFFA
Ethnic group Number Percentage Kalenjin 19 22.1 Luhya 14 16.3 Luo 13 15. Kikuyu 11 12.8 Kamba 7 8.1 Meru 4 4.7 Maasai 3 3.5 Kisii 3 3.5 Mijikenda 3 3.5 Embu 2 2.3 Teso 2 2.3 Rendille 1 1.2 Borana 1 1.2 Mbeere 1 1.2 Other kenyans 1 1.2 Foreigners 1 1.2 Total 86 100.0
Kenya Film Classification Board Established in the 1930’s as a statutory body with a regulatory role under part III of the films and Stage plays act cap. 222 of the laws of Kenya, the Kenya Film Classification Board (KFCB) ismandated to classify films for public exhibition and to ensure that they conform to national aspirations. The Kenya Film Classification Board has 51 employees. The KFCB complies with the NCI Act as the Kalenjin, the largest community, make up 24%.
136 137
AFC has 497 employees. The Corporation complies with the provisions of the NCI Act as the largest community, the Kalenjin, forms 23.5% of the employees. Table 85: AFC Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 117 23.5 Kikuyu 82 16.5 Luhya 80 16.1 Luo 50 10.1 Kamba 40 8.1 Kisii 30 6.1 Meru 19 3.8 Maasai 18 3.6 Mijikenda 14 2.8 Other Kenyan 12 2.4 Taita 11 2.2 Gabbra 7 1.4 Nubi 3 0.6 Embu 3 0.6 Somali 3 0.6 Borana 3 0.6 Mbeere 2 0.4 Burji 1 0.2 Rendille 1 0.2 Kuria 1 0.2 Total 497 100
Senior staff AFC has 58 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjinwho comprise25.9% of the senior staff.
Table 86:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at AFC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 15 25.9 Luhya 11 19.0 Luo 11 19.0 Kikuyu 8 13.8 Kamba 4 6.9
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Maasai 3 5.2 Meru 3 5.2 Kisii 2 3.4 Mijikenda 2 3.4 Embu 1 1.7 Rendille 1 1.7 Borana 1 1.7 Teso 1 1.7 Total 58 100.0
Kenya Academy of Sports The academy was formed as a major sports institution to establish and manage sports training academies; coordinate sports courses and promote research and development of sports. The academy was also formed inorder to take over the functions of the Kenya National Sports Institute.
The Academy has 17 staff members. It complies with the NCI Act as its highest group of employees comprising of 23.5% from the Kisii community.
General staff Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kisii 4 23.5 Kamba 3 17.6 Kikuyu 3 17.6 Meru 3 17.6 Luhya 2 11.9 Borana 1 5.9 Luo 1 5.9 TOTAL 17 100.0
Senior staff Kenya Academy of Sports has four senior staff who are fairly distributed since they belong to four different ethic groups. Table 87:Ethnic representation of senior staff at KAS
Ethnic group frequency percentage Kikuyu 1 25.0 Meru 1 25.0 Luo 1 25.0 Kisii 1 25.0 Total 4 100.0
AFC has 497 employees. The Corporation complies with the provisions of the NCI Act as the largest community, the Kalenjin, forms 23.5% of the employees. Table 85: AFC Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 117 23.5 Kikuyu 82 16.5 Luhya 80 16.1 Luo 50 10.1 Kamba 40 8.1 Kisii 30 6.1 Meru 19 3.8 Maasai 18 3.6 Mijikenda 14 2.8 Other Kenyan 12 2.4 Taita 11 2.2 Gabbra 7 1.4 Nubi 3 0.6 Embu 3 0.6 Somali 3 0.6 Borana 3 0.6 Mbeere 2 0.4 Burji 1 0.2 Rendille 1 0.2 Kuria 1 0.2 Total 497 100
Senior staff AFC has 58 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjinwho comprise25.9% of the senior staff.
Table 86:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at AFC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 15 25.9 Luhya 11 19.0 Luo 11 19.0 Kikuyu 8 13.8 Kamba 4 6.9
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Kenya Veterinary Board The Kenya Veterinary Board (KVB) is the statutory Board overseeing the training, registration and licensing of Veterinary Surgeons and Veterinary Para-professionals and for matters relating to animal health services and animal welfare as mandated by the Veterinary Surgeons & Veterinary Paraprofessional Act 29 of 2011.
The Board has 21 members of staff. It complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act due to the fact that most of the employees at the Board form 23.8%. They belong to the Luo community.
General staff
Ethnic Group Frequency percentage Luo 5 23.8 Kamba 3 14.3 Kalenjin 3 14.3 Luhya 2 9.5 Kisii 2 9.5 Kikuyu 2 9.5 Meru 2 9.5 Mbeere 1 4.8 Taita 1 4.8 Total 21 100.0
Senior staff Kenya Veterinary Boards has Five senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luowho comprise40% of the senior staff.
Table 88:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KVB
Ethnic Group Frequency percentage Luo 2 40 Meru 1 20 Luhya 1 20 Kamba 1 20 Total 5 100
National Youth Service The NYS was established in 1964 through an Act of Parliament to train the youth in important national matters such as service in the armed forces, national reconstruction programmes and disaster response.In 2013, the government of Kenya began the restructuring of the NYS in order to effectively execute its mandate. This is in order for the
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youth to participate actively in the country’s development goals. The new NYS will be launched on the 10th of September 2014. The National Youth Service has 2,282 members of staff. 23.8% of them belong to the Kikuyu community. The Service complies with the NCI Act. Table 89: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the NYS Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 543 23.8 Luhya 335 14.7 Kalenjin 303 13.3 Kamba 259 11.3 Luo 231 10.1 Kisii 165 7.2 Meru 104 4.6 Kenyan Somali 57 2.5 Mijikenda 51 2.2 Taita 43 1.9 Embu 39 1.7 Teso 27 1.2 Turkana 26 1.1 Borana 24 1.1 Maasai 20 0.9 Kuria 19 0.8 Gabbra 8 0.4 Nubi 4 0.2 Samburu 5 0.2 Burji 4 0.2 Orma 5 0.2 Rendille 5 0.2 Other Kenyans 2 0.5 Taveta 1 0.04 Ilchamus 1 0.04 Foreigner 1 0.04 Total 2282 100
Senior Staff
NYS has 66 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise27.3% of the senior staff.
Kenya Veterinary Board The Kenya Veterinary Board (KVB) is the statutory Board overseeing the training, registration and licensing of Veterinary Surgeons and Veterinary Para-professionals and for matters relating to animal health services and animal welfare as mandated by the Veterinary Surgeons & Veterinary Paraprofessional Act 29 of 2011.
The Board has 21 members of staff. It complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act due to the fact that most of the employees at the Board form 23.8%. They belong to the Luo community.
General staff
Ethnic Group Frequency percentage Luo 5 23.8 Kamba 3 14.3 Kalenjin 3 14.3 Luhya 2 9.5 Kisii 2 9.5 Kikuyu 2 9.5 Meru 2 9.5 Mbeere 1 4.8 Taita 1 4.8 Total 21 100.0
Senior staff Kenya Veterinary Boards has Five senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luowho comprise40% of the senior staff.
Table 88:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KVB
Ethnic Group Frequency percentage Luo 2 40 Meru 1 20 Luhya 1 20 Kamba 1 20 Total 5 100
National Youth Service The NYS was established in 1964 through an Act of Parliament to train the youth in important national matters such as service in the armed forces, national reconstruction programmes and disaster response.In 2013, the government of Kenya began the restructuring of the NYS in order to effectively execute its mandate. This is in order for the
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Table 90:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NYS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 18 27.3 Luhya 12 18.2 Kamba 11 16.7 Kalenjin 7 10.6 Luo 5 7.6 Meru 4 6.1 Taita 3 4.5 Kisii 1 1.5 Kuria 1 1.5 Mijikenda 1 1.5 Somali 1 1.5 Rendille 1 1.5 Other kenyan 1 1.5 Total 66 100.0
Kenya Airports Authority The Kenya Airports Authority (KAA), established in 1991 under KAA Act, Chapter 395 of the Laws of Kenya, provides facilitative infrastructure for aviation services between Kenya and the outside world. Its main functions are;
• Administer, control and manage aerodromes, • Provide and maintain facilities necessary for efficient operations of aircrafts, • Provide rescue and firefighting equipment and services, • Approve the establishment of private airstrips and control of operations thereof.
The Kenya Airports Authority has 1,936 employees. KAA Complies with the NCI Act in the general composition of staff as the largest community, the Kikuyu, make up 23.8%. Table 91: Kenya Airports Authority Staff Ethnic Distribution
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 461 23.8 Kalenjin 366 19 Luo 226 11.7 Luhya 199 10.2 Kamba 165 8.5 Kisii 118 6.1 Meru 89 4.6 Mijikenda 81 4.2
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Taita 40 2.1 Embu 36 1.9 Somali 34 1.7 Maasai 25 1.4 Turkana 18 0.9 Suba 12 0.6 Teso 12 0.6 Orma 11 0.5 Swahili 10 0.5 Taveta 7 0.4 Samburu 5 0.3 Borana 4 0.2 Nubi 4 0.2 Arab 3 0.14 Gabbra 3 0.14 Kuria 3 0.14 Rendille 2 0.08 Galla 1 0.05 Mbeere 1 0.05 Total 1936 100
Senior staff Kenya Airports Authority has 28 senior staff and the largest ethnic group being Kikuyu at 33.3% Table 92:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KAA Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 9 33.3 Kalenjin 5 18.5 Luo 3 11.1 Kamba 2 7.4 Suba 1 3.7 Embu 1 3.7 Kisii 1 3.7 Maasai 1 3.7 Meru 1 3.7 Luhya 1 3.7 Kenyan Arab 1 3.7 Mijikenda 1 3.7 Total 27 100.0
Table 90:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at NYS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 18 27.3 Luhya 12 18.2 Kamba 11 16.7 Kalenjin 7 10.6 Luo 5 7.6 Meru 4 6.1 Taita 3 4.5 Kisii 1 1.5 Kuria 1 1.5 Mijikenda 1 1.5 Somali 1 1.5 Rendille 1 1.5 Other kenyan 1 1.5 Total 66 100.0
Kenya Airports Authority The Kenya Airports Authority (KAA), established in 1991 under KAA Act, Chapter 395 of the Laws of Kenya, provides facilitative infrastructure for aviation services between Kenya and the outside world. Its main functions are;
• Administer, control and manage aerodromes, • Provide and maintain facilities necessary for efficient operations of aircrafts, • Provide rescue and firefighting equipment and services, • Approve the establishment of private airstrips and control of operations thereof.
The Kenya Airports Authority has 1,936 employees. KAA Complies with the NCI Act in the general composition of staff as the largest community, the Kikuyu, make up 23.8%. Table 91: Kenya Airports Authority Staff Ethnic Distribution
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 461 23.8 Kalenjin 366 19 Luo 226 11.7 Luhya 199 10.2 Kamba 165 8.5 Kisii 118 6.1 Meru 89 4.6 Mijikenda 81 4.2
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Kenya Forest Service Kenya Forest Service is a State Corporation established in February 2007 under the Forest Act 2005 to conserve, develop and sustainably manage forest resources for Kenya's social-economic development. The Kenya Forestry Service has 5,067 members of staff. KFS complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 24% as the largest group. Table 93: Kenya Forest Service Staff Ethnic Audit Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 1214 24.0 Kalenjin 1146 22.6 Luhya 559 11.0 Luo 427 8.4 Kamba 378 7.5 Meru 318 6.3 Kisii 261 5.2 Mijikenda 214 4.2 Taita 102 2.0 Maasai 90 1.8 Embu 88 1.7 Kenyan Somali 78 1.5 Turkana 68 1.3 Borana 52 1.0 Mbeere 23 0.5 Rendille 14 0.3 Burji 12 0.2 Swahili 8 0.2 Taveta 3 0.1 Tharaka 6 0.1 Orma 3 0.1 Njemps 2 0.04 Gosha 1 0.02 Total 5,067 100.0
Senior staff Kenya Forestry Service has 97 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise40.2% of the senior staff.
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Table 94:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KFS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 39 40.2 Kamba 15 15.5 Luo 11 11.3 Luhya 11 11.3 Kalenjin 10 10.3 Kisii 3 3.1 Embu 2 2.1 Taita 2 2.1 Mijikenda 2 2.1 Meru 1 1.0 Somali 1 1.0 Total 97 100.0
National Quality Control Laboratories NQCL began in 1978 as an initiative of the Ministry of Health looking into the possibilities of improving drug control activities through the development of a quality control laboratory.The Laboratory was established as a legal entity through an Act of Parliament; CAP 244 Section 35D (Pharmacy & Poisons (Amendment) Act, 1992).
NQCL has 33 members of staff. The Lab has complied with section 7(2) of the NCI Act since only 24.2% of its employees are drawn from one ethnic group, the Kikuyu.
General staff
Ethnic Group Number Percent Kikuyu 8 24.2 Kisii 6 18.2 Kalenjin 4 12.1 Luo 4 12.1 Luhya 3 9.1 Kamba 2 6.1 Maasai 2 6.1 Mijikenda 1 3.0 Meru 1 3.0 Orma 1 3.0 Taita 1 3.0 Total 33 100.0
Kenya Forest Service Kenya Forest Service is a State Corporation established in February 2007 under the Forest Act 2005 to conserve, develop and sustainably manage forest resources for Kenya's social-economic development. The Kenya Forestry Service has 5,067 members of staff. KFS complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 24% as the largest group. Table 93: Kenya Forest Service Staff Ethnic Audit Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 1214 24.0 Kalenjin 1146 22.6 Luhya 559 11.0 Luo 427 8.4 Kamba 378 7.5 Meru 318 6.3 Kisii 261 5.2 Mijikenda 214 4.2 Taita 102 2.0 Maasai 90 1.8 Embu 88 1.7 Kenyan Somali 78 1.5 Turkana 68 1.3 Borana 52 1.0 Mbeere 23 0.5 Rendille 14 0.3 Burji 12 0.2 Swahili 8 0.2 Taveta 3 0.1 Tharaka 6 0.1 Orma 3 0.1 Njemps 2 0.04 Gosha 1 0.02 Total 5,067 100.0
Senior staff Kenya Forestry Service has 97 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise40.2% of the senior staff.
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Senior staff NQCl has eleven senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise45.4% of the senior staff.
Table 95:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NQCL
Ethnic Group Number Percent Kikuyu 5 45.4 Kalenjin 2 18.2 Luhya 2 18.2 Kisii 1 9.1 Meru 1 9.1 Total 11 100.0
Youth Enterprise Development Fund The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) was established in 2006. The institution has a mandate of reducing unemployment among the youth who account for over 61% of the unemployed in the country. YEDF has 91 employees. YEDF complies with the NCI Act as the largest number of employees, the Kikuyu make up 24.2%. Table 96: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 22 24.2 Luhya 16 17.6 Kalenjin 10 11.0 Luo 9 9.9 Kenyan Somali 8 8.8 Kamba 8 8.8 Kisii 6 6.5 Meru 3 3.3 Kuria 3 3.3 Suba 2 2.2 Embu 2 2.2 Teso 1 1.1 Turkana 1 1.1 Total 91 100
Senior staff YEDF has eight senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjinwho comprise37.5% of the senior staff.
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Table 97:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at YEDF
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kalenjin 3 37.5 Luhya 3 37.5 Luo 1 12.5 Kikuyu 1 12.5 Total 8 100 Local Authorities Provident Fund (LAPFUND) LAPFUND is a State Corporation operating under an Act of Parliament Cap. 272 Laws of Kenya, the County Government Act 2012 (section 132), the Urban Areas and Cities Act 2011 (Section 49), the RBA Act, 1997 and the Regulations 2000. LAPFUND is a Defined Contribution Retirement Benefits Scheme catering for all employees of County Governments, Urban Areas, Cities and Towns (formerly Local Authorities) and associated institutions, including all Members of the County Assemblies; elected or nominated, where Members contribute 12% while the Sponsors contributes 15% of the Member’s gross salary (basic salary plus house allowance). Lapfund has 41 members of staff. 24.4% of them belong to the Kikuyu community. Lapfund complies with the NCI Act. Table 98: Ethnic Composition of staff at LAPFUND Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 10 24.4 Luhya 8 19.5 Kalenjin 6 14.5 Kamba 5 12.3 Luo 5 12.3 Borana 2 4.9 Kisii 2 4.9 Taita 1 2.4 Embu 1 2.4 Maasai 1 2.4 Total 41 100
Senior staff LAPFUND has ten senior staff and it is fairly distributed with Kamba,Kikuyu,Luhya and Kalenjin at 20% respectively.
Senior staff NQCl has eleven senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise45.4% of the senior staff.
Table 95:Ethnic representation of senior staff at NQCL
Ethnic Group Number Percent Kikuyu 5 45.4 Kalenjin 2 18.2 Luhya 2 18.2 Kisii 1 9.1 Meru 1 9.1 Total 11 100.0
Youth Enterprise Development Fund The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) was established in 2006. The institution has a mandate of reducing unemployment among the youth who account for over 61% of the unemployed in the country. YEDF has 91 employees. YEDF complies with the NCI Act as the largest number of employees, the Kikuyu make up 24.2%. Table 96: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 22 24.2 Luhya 16 17.6 Kalenjin 10 11.0 Luo 9 9.9 Kenyan Somali 8 8.8 Kamba 8 8.8 Kisii 6 6.5 Meru 3 3.3 Kuria 3 3.3 Suba 2 2.2 Embu 2 2.2 Teso 1 1.1 Turkana 1 1.1 Total 91 100
Senior staff YEDF has eight senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjinwho comprise37.5% of the senior staff.
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Table 99:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at Lapfund
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kamba 2 20.0 Kikuyu 2 20.0 Luhya 2 20.0 Kalenjin 2 20.0 Maasai 1 10.0 Borana 1 10.0 Total 10 100
Kenya National Highways Authority Established under the Kenya Roads Act of 2007, Kenya National Highway Authority (KENHA) is mandated to manage, develop, rehabilitate and maintain national roads. KENHA also implements road policies ensures adherence to the rules and guidelines on axle load control prescribed under the traffic act, ensures that the quality of roads works is in accordance with such standards and collects all such data related to the use of national roads as may be necessary for efficient forward planning. KENHA has 482 employees. KENHA complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 24.5%. Table 100: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 118 24.5 Luo 112 23.2 Kalenjin 64 13.3 Luhya 54 11.2 Kisii 40 8.3 Kamba 34 7.1 Taita 21 4.4 Somali 13 2.7 Meru 9 1.9 Mijikenda 7 1.5 Maasai 4 0.7 Teso 2 0.4 Swahili 1 0.2 Rendille 1 0.2 Sakuye 1 0.2 Kuria 1 0.2 Total 482 100
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Senior staff KENHA has 38 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luowho comprise34% of the senior staff.
Table 101:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KENHA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 13 34 Kikuyu 8 21 Kisii 6 16 Kalenjin 4 11 Luhya 3 8 Kamba 2 5 Taita 2 5 Total 38 100
Kenya National commission for UNESCO KNATCOM was established in 1964 under the then ministry of education. It was subsequent to Kenya’s membership to UNESCO in April 7, 1964, in line with the UNESCO constitution of 1945 as the 73rd member. The commission has a mandate of promoting Kenya’s national interests in UNESCO and UNESCO’s international interests in Kenya both globally and regionally. KNATCOM is also the point of contact for the Association for Development of Education for Africa and the Commonwealth.
KNATCOM has 28 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act’s provision on inclusive employment. 25% of its staff is drawn from the Kikuyu community.
General staff
Ethnic Group Number percentage Kikuyu 7 25.0 Luo 5 17.9 Luhya 4 14.3 Kisii 3 10.7 Kamba 2 7.1 Kalenjin 2 7.1 Meru 2 7.1 Maasai 2 7.1 Embu 1 3.6 Total 28 100.0
Senior staff
KNATCOM has seven senior staff and the largest ethnic group being Kisii at 28.5%
Table 99:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at Lapfund
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kamba 2 20.0 Kikuyu 2 20.0 Luhya 2 20.0 Kalenjin 2 20.0 Maasai 1 10.0 Borana 1 10.0 Total 10 100
Kenya National Highways Authority Established under the Kenya Roads Act of 2007, Kenya National Highway Authority (KENHA) is mandated to manage, develop, rehabilitate and maintain national roads. KENHA also implements road policies ensures adherence to the rules and guidelines on axle load control prescribed under the traffic act, ensures that the quality of roads works is in accordance with such standards and collects all such data related to the use of national roads as may be necessary for efficient forward planning. KENHA has 482 employees. KENHA complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 24.5%. Table 100: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 118 24.5 Luo 112 23.2 Kalenjin 64 13.3 Luhya 54 11.2 Kisii 40 8.3 Kamba 34 7.1 Taita 21 4.4 Somali 13 2.7 Meru 9 1.9 Mijikenda 7 1.5 Maasai 4 0.7 Teso 2 0.4 Swahili 1 0.2 Rendille 1 0.2 Sakuye 1 0.2 Kuria 1 0.2 Total 482 100
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Table 102: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KNATCOM
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kisii 2 28.5 Embu 1 14.3 Luo 1 14.3 Kamba 1 14.3 Kikuyu 1 14.3 Maasai 1 14.3 Total 7 100.0
Policy Holders Compensation Fund Policy Holders Compensation Fund was established through a legal notice No.105 by the minister of finance in 2004, through the powers conferred by section 179(2) of the insurance act. The primary purpose of the fund is to protect policy holders of an insolvent insurance company by providing them with compensation for unsettled claims. The Policy Holders Compensation Fund has 4 staff. The staff are diverse with each ethnic group making up 25%. Table 103: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1. Kikuyu 1 25.0 2. Mijikenda 1 25.0 3. Kalenjin 1 25.0 4. Luo 1 25.0
Total 4 100 Senior staff Policy Holders Compensation Fund has only one senior staff who is from the Kikuyu community. Table 104: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at PHCF
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 1 100
Kenya Industrial Property Institute Kenya Industrial Property Institute (KIPI) is a Government parastatal under the Ministry of Trade and Industry. The Institute was established on 2nd May 2002 upon the coming into force of the Industrial Property Act 2001. Previously the Institute existed as Kenya Industrial Property Office (KIPO), which was established in February 1990 after enactment of the
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Industrial Property Act, CAP 509 of the Laws of Kenya. Its mandate is to administer industrial property rights through; protection, provision of information and training, and promotion of inventive and innovative activities for social economic development. KIPI has 88 employees. KIPI complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 25%. Table 105: KIPI Ethnic Representation among Staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 22 25 Luhya 16 18.3 Luo 16 18.3 Kalenjin 11 12.5 Kisii 10 11.3 Kamba 5 5.7 Taita 3 3.4 Borana 1 1.1 Embu 1 1.1 Meru 1 1.1 Mijikenda 1 1.1 Teso 1 1.1 Total 88 100
Senior staff
KIPI has seven senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise42.9% of the senior staff.
Table 106: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KIPI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 42.9 Luo 2 28.6 Kalenjin 1 14.25 Kisii 1 14.25 Total 7 100
Jomo Kenyatta Foundation The Jomo Kenyatta Foundation was incorporated under the Companies Act, Cap. 486, Laws of Kenya as a company limited by guarantee and having no share capital on 2nd March 1966. The initial working capital was sourced from various donors. By 1972, the Foundation had fully repaid the loans and has since remained a self-financing and self-reliant institution. The
Table 102: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KNATCOM
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kisii 2 28.5 Embu 1 14.3 Luo 1 14.3 Kamba 1 14.3 Kikuyu 1 14.3 Maasai 1 14.3 Total 7 100.0
Policy Holders Compensation Fund Policy Holders Compensation Fund was established through a legal notice No.105 by the minister of finance in 2004, through the powers conferred by section 179(2) of the insurance act. The primary purpose of the fund is to protect policy holders of an insolvent insurance company by providing them with compensation for unsettled claims. The Policy Holders Compensation Fund has 4 staff. The staff are diverse with each ethnic group making up 25%. Table 103: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1. Kikuyu 1 25.0 2. Mijikenda 1 25.0 3. Kalenjin 1 25.0 4. Luo 1 25.0
Total 4 100 Senior staff Policy Holders Compensation Fund has only one senior staff who is from the Kikuyu community. Table 104: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at PHCF
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 1 100
Kenya Industrial Property Institute Kenya Industrial Property Institute (KIPI) is a Government parastatal under the Ministry of Trade and Industry. The Institute was established on 2nd May 2002 upon the coming into force of the Industrial Property Act 2001. Previously the Institute existed as Kenya Industrial Property Office (KIPO), which was established in February 1990 after enactment of the
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Jomo Kenyatta Foundation was established in the wake of Kenya's determination to take control of the country's educational publishing system and thus prevent huge capital flight. The mandate given to the JKF at that point in time was wide and even extended to the East African Community. Jomo Kenyatta Foundation has 120 employees. Jomo Kenyatta Foundation complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 25% of all staff. Table 107: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 30 25.0 Luhya 25 20.8 Kalenjin 19 15.8 Kisii 14 11.9 Kamba 12 10.0 Luo 9 7.5 Meru 6 5.0 Samburu 1 0.8 Taita 1 0.8 Embu 1 0.8 Mijikenda 1 0.8 Maasai 1 0.8 Total 120 100
Senior staff JKF has nine senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin who comprise33.4% of the senior staff.
Table 108:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at JKF
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 3 33.4 Luhya 2 22.2 Luo 2 22.2 Kamba 1 11.1 Meru 1 11.1 Total 9 100 Kenya Tourist Development Corporation Kenya Tourist Development Corporationwas established in 1965 to develop tourism facilities and finance private investors with the aim of providing concession credit to entrepreneurs in
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the tourism sector. Loans are, therefore, given to new tourist enterprises at concessional rates. KTDC has 40 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act since the largest group among its employment comprises 25% of the staff. This group is drawn from the Kikuyu community. Table 109: Ethnic composition of staff at KTDC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Kikuyu 10 25 Kalenjin 5 12.5 Kamba 5 12.5 Kisii 4 10 Luhya 3 7.5 Mijikenda 3 7.5 Luo 3 7.5 Taita 2 5 Embu 2 5 Meru 1 2.5 Kenyan Arabs 1 2.5
Maasai 1 2.5 Total 40 100
Senior staff
KTDC has six senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin who comprise50% of the senior staff.
Table 110: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KTDC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 50.0 Kamba 1 16.7 Mijikenda 1 16.7 Kalenjin 1 16.7 Total 6 100
Pest Control Products Board Pest Control Products Board serves to execute the Pest Control Products Act of the government of Kenya, of 1983 which regulates importation, exportation, manufacture, distributionand use of products used for the control of pests and of the organic function of plants and animals.
Jomo Kenyatta Foundation was established in the wake of Kenya's determination to take control of the country's educational publishing system and thus prevent huge capital flight. The mandate given to the JKF at that point in time was wide and even extended to the East African Community. Jomo Kenyatta Foundation has 120 employees. Jomo Kenyatta Foundation complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 25% of all staff. Table 107: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 30 25.0 Luhya 25 20.8 Kalenjin 19 15.8 Kisii 14 11.9 Kamba 12 10.0 Luo 9 7.5 Meru 6 5.0 Samburu 1 0.8 Taita 1 0.8 Embu 1 0.8 Mijikenda 1 0.8 Maasai 1 0.8 Total 120 100
Senior staff JKF has nine senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin who comprise33.4% of the senior staff.
Table 108:Ethnic representation of Senior staff at JKF
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 3 33.4 Luhya 2 22.2 Luo 2 22.2 Kamba 1 11.1 Meru 1 11.1 Total 9 100 Kenya Tourist Development Corporation Kenya Tourist Development Corporationwas established in 1965 to develop tourism facilities and finance private investors with the aim of providing concession credit to entrepreneurs in
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Pest Control Products Board has 64 members of staff. The Pest Control Products Boardcomplies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 25% Table 111: Pest Control Products Board Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 16 25.0 Luhya 10 15.6 Luo 9 14.1 Meru 8 12.5 Kamba 6 9.4 Kisii 6 9.4 Kalenjin 5 7.8 Mijikenda 2 3.0 Embu 1 1.6 Swahili 1 1.6 Total 64 100
Senior staff Pest Control Products Board has eleven senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise27.3% of the senior staff. Table 112: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at PCPB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 27.3 Meru 3 27.3 Luo 2 18.2 Kisii 2 18.2 Kamba 1 9.1 Total 11 100
Kenya Water Tower Agency Formed through a Kenya Gazette notice No.17, 2012, the Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) is mandated to coordinate and oversee the protection, rehabilitation, conservation and to sustainably manage water towers in the country. KWTA has 48 employees. KWTA complies with the NCI Act as the largest group, the Kikuyu, make up 25%.
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Table 113: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 12 25.0 Luo 7 14.6 Luhya 6 12.5 Kamba 5 10.4 Kalenjin 4 8.3 Somali 4 8.3 Maasai 3 6.3 Kisii 2 4.1 Kuria 1 2.1 Samburu 1 2.1 Mijikenda 1 2.1 Meru 1 2.1 Rendille 1 2.1 Total 48 100
Senior staff KWTA has fourteen senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 28.7% of the senior staff.
Table 114: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KWTA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage kikuyu 4 28.7 maasai 2 14.3 kalenjin 2 14.3 kamba 2 14.3 luhya 1 7.1 samburu 1 7.1 kisii 1 7.1 kuria 1 7.1 Total 14 100.0
Tourism Finance Corporation Tourism Finance Corporation (TFC) is a corporate body established in 1965 through an Act of Parliament, Cap 382 of the Laws of Kenya. The Corporation is a specialized Development Financial Institution (DFI) with the mandate of facilitating and providing affordable development funding and advisory services for long-term investment in Kenya’s tourism industry. In fulfilment of this mandate, the Corporation has continued to provide project and
Pest Control Products Board has 64 members of staff. The Pest Control Products Boardcomplies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 25% Table 111: Pest Control Products Board Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 16 25.0 Luhya 10 15.6 Luo 9 14.1 Meru 8 12.5 Kamba 6 9.4 Kisii 6 9.4 Kalenjin 5 7.8 Mijikenda 2 3.0 Embu 1 1.6 Swahili 1 1.6 Total 64 100
Senior staff Pest Control Products Board has eleven senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise27.3% of the senior staff. Table 112: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at PCPB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 27.3 Meru 3 27.3 Luo 2 18.2 Kisii 2 18.2 Kamba 1 9.1 Total 11 100
Kenya Water Tower Agency Formed through a Kenya Gazette notice No.17, 2012, the Kenya Water Tower Agency (KWTA) is mandated to coordinate and oversee the protection, rehabilitation, conservation and to sustainably manage water towers in the country. KWTA has 48 employees. KWTA complies with the NCI Act as the largest group, the Kikuyu, make up 25%.
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loan funding to prospective investors besides offering business advisory services, in the form of consultancy services, market valuations, business plans and feasibility studies. TFC has 48 members of staff. Tourism Finance Corporation complies with the NCI Act as the largest community, the Kikuyu, comprises of 25% of the staff community Table 115: Ethnic distribution of TFC staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 12 25.0 Kisii 6 12.5 Kamba 5 10.3 Kalenjin 5 10.3 Embu 4 8.3 Mijikenda 3 6.3 Luhya 3 6.3 Luo 3 6.3 Meru 2 4.2 Suba 2 4.2 Taita 2 4.2 Maasai 1 2.1 Total 48 100
Senior staff
TFC has ten senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise30% of the senior staff.
Table 116: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at TFC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 30.0 Kalenjin 2 20.0 Suba 2 20.0 Embu 1 10.0 Kamba 1 10.0 Luo 1 10.0 Total 10 100
155
Kenya Maritime Authority Kenya Maritime Authority was established with the mandate to regulate, coordinate and oversee activities in the maritime industry for maximum socio-economic benefits in line with national standards and international conventions. The statutes that guide the operations of Kenya Maritime Authority are the KMA Act 2006 and the Merchant Shipping Act, 2009 which came into effect on 1st September 2009. Establishment of KMA therefore marked a major milestone in Kenya's maritime industry. Kenya Maritime Authority has 84 employees. The Kenya Maritime Authority has complied with the NCI Act, 2008 as the majority ethnic group, the Mijikenda, is 25% of its workforce. Table 117: KMA Staff Distribution by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Mijikenda 21 25.0 Luo 16 19.0 Luhya 9 10.7 Kamba 9 10.7 Kikuyu 8 9.5 Kalenjin 7 8.3 Kisii 6 7.1 Taita 4 4.9 Meru 1 1.2 Embu 1 1.2 Swahili 1 1.2 Maasai 1 1.2 Total 84 100
Senior staff KMA has nine senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise33.4% of the senior staff.
Table 118: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KMA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 33.4 Mijikenda 2 22.2 Luo 2 22.2 Kamba 1 11.1 Kalenjin 1 11.1 Total 9 100
loan funding to prospective investors besides offering business advisory services, in the form of consultancy services, market valuations, business plans and feasibility studies. TFC has 48 members of staff. Tourism Finance Corporation complies with the NCI Act as the largest community, the Kikuyu, comprises of 25% of the staff community Table 115: Ethnic distribution of TFC staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 12 25.0 Kisii 6 12.5 Kamba 5 10.3 Kalenjin 5 10.3 Embu 4 8.3 Mijikenda 3 6.3 Luhya 3 6.3 Luo 3 6.3 Meru 2 4.2 Suba 2 4.2 Taita 2 4.2 Maasai 1 2.1 Total 48 100
Senior staff
TFC has ten senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise30% of the senior staff.
Table 116: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at TFC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 30.0 Kalenjin 2 20.0 Suba 2 20.0 Embu 1 10.0 Kamba 1 10.0 Luo 1 10.0 Total 10 100
156 157
Railway Training Institute The Railway training was inaugurated on the 29th June 1956,as a skill development centre for developing Human resources for the then East African Railways and Harbours. Over the years the Institute has undergone a series of transformation through which a number of reforms have been implemented. After the dissolution of the East Africa Railwaysand Harbours in 1976, the Institute became fully owned by Kenya Railways Corporation offering only Railways courses. The Institute has 75 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act since the largest group of employees is composed of 25% and is drawn from the Luhya community. Table 119: Ethnic Profiling of Staff at RTI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 19 25.3 Kikuyu 15 20.0 Kamba 13 17.3 Luo 9 12.1 Kalenjin 6 8.1 Kisii 5 6.7 Meru 3 4.0 Kuria 1 1.3 Samburu 1 1.3 Somali 1 1.3 Embu 1 1.3 Mijikenda 1 1.3 Total 75 100
Senior staff RTI has ten senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise40% of the senior staff.
Table 120: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at RTI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 40.0 Luhya 4 40.0 Kamba 1 10.0 Meru 1 10.0 Total 10 100
157
Kenya National Examination Council TheKenya National Examinations Council (also referred to as KNEC or the Council)was established in 1980 under the Kenya National Examinations Council Act Cap 225A of the Laws of Kenya. This Act (Cap 225A of 1980) wasrepealed in 2012and replaced withKNEC Act No. 29 of 2012. The Kenya National Examination Council has 415 members of staff. KNEC complies with the NCI Act as the Kamba make up 25.3%. Table 121: KNEC Ethnic Representation among Staff Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kamba 105 25.3 Kikuyu 79 19.0 Luhya 68 16.4 Luo 43 10.4 Meru 28 6.7 Kisii 26 6.3 Kalenjin 23 5.5 Mijikenda 8 1.9 Somali 7 1.8 Embu 7 1.8 Taita 6 1.4 Samburu 4 1.0 Borana 3 0.7 Teso 2 0.5 Taveta 2 0.5 Maasai 1 0.2 Turkana 1 0.2 Nubi 1 0.2 Swahili 1 0.2 Total 415 100
Senior Staff KNEC has nine senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise33.4% of the senior staff.
Table 122: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KNEC Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 33.4 Mijikenda 2 22.2
Railway Training Institute The Railway training was inaugurated on the 29th June 1956,as a skill development centre for developing Human resources for the then East African Railways and Harbours. Over the years the Institute has undergone a series of transformation through which a number of reforms have been implemented. After the dissolution of the East Africa Railwaysand Harbours in 1976, the Institute became fully owned by Kenya Railways Corporation offering only Railways courses. The Institute has 75 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act since the largest group of employees is composed of 25% and is drawn from the Luhya community. Table 119: Ethnic Profiling of Staff at RTI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 19 25.3 Kikuyu 15 20.0 Kamba 13 17.3 Luo 9 12.1 Kalenjin 6 8.1 Kisii 5 6.7 Meru 3 4.0 Kuria 1 1.3 Samburu 1 1.3 Somali 1 1.3 Embu 1 1.3 Mijikenda 1 1.3 Total 75 100
Senior staff RTI has ten senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise40% of the senior staff.
Table 120: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at RTI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 40.0 Luhya 4 40.0 Kamba 1 10.0 Meru 1 10.0 Total 10 100
158 159
Luo 2 22.2 Kamba 1 11.1 Kalenjin 1 11.1 Total 9 100
Postal Corporation in Kenya In 1977, following the break-up of the East African Community, the Kenya Posts and Telecommunications Corporation (KP&TC) was established. KP&TC was split to create, among others, the Postal Corporation of Kenya (PCK) whose mandate under the Postal Corporation Act of 1998 is to provide and operate postal services, postal financial services. The Postal Corporation has 3,605 employees. It complies with the NCI Act since the majority, the Kalenjin form 24.6% of the staff population Table 123: Ethnic Composition among staff at the Postal Corporation of Kenya Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 914 25.4 Kikuyu 683 18.9 Luo 482 13.4 Luhya 395 11.0 Kamba 249 6.9 Kisii 243 6.7 Mijikenda 159 4.4 Taita 114 3.2 Meru 81 2.2 Embu 69 1.9 Nubi 41 1.1 Swahili 35 1.0 Maasai 33 0.9 Borana 27 0.7 Kenyan Somali 21 0.6 Kenyan Arabs 13 0.4 Samburu 12 0.3 Rendille 8 0.2 Gabra 7 0.2 Turkana 6 0.2 Teso 5 0.1 Kenyan Asians 2 0.1 Kuria 2 0.1 Burji 1 0.03
159
Orma 1 0.03 Mbeere 1 0.03 Kuria 1 0.03 Total 3605 100
Senior staff Postal Corporation has 131 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin who comprise22.1% of the senior staff.
Table 124: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at Postal Corp Ethnic Group Number Percentage
Kalenjin 29 22.1 Kikuyu 25 19.1 Luo 16 12.2 Kamba 12 9.2 Kisii 11 8.4 Luhya 10 7.6 Embu 8 6.1 Meru 5 3.8 Taita 4 3.1 Swahili 4 3.1 Maasai 2 1.5 Somali 2 1.5 Kenyan Asian 1 0.8 Mijikenda 1 0.8 Turkana 1 0.8 Total 131 100.0 Kenya Investment Authority The Kenya Investment Authority the successor organisation of the former Investment Promotion Centre (IPC) was created by the Investment Promotion Act No. 6 of 2004. Its main objective is promoting investments in Kenya. It is responsible for facilitating the implementation of new investment projects, providing After Care services for new and existing investments, as well as organizing investment promotion activities both locally and internationally. The core functions of KenInvest include; Policy Advocacy; Investment Promotion; Investment Facilitation which includes Investor Tracking and After Care Services.
Luo 2 22.2 Kamba 1 11.1 Kalenjin 1 11.1 Total 9 100
Postal Corporation in Kenya In 1977, following the break-up of the East African Community, the Kenya Posts and Telecommunications Corporation (KP&TC) was established. KP&TC was split to create, among others, the Postal Corporation of Kenya (PCK) whose mandate under the Postal Corporation Act of 1998 is to provide and operate postal services, postal financial services. The Postal Corporation has 3,605 employees. It complies with the NCI Act since the majority, the Kalenjin form 24.6% of the staff population Table 123: Ethnic Composition among staff at the Postal Corporation of Kenya Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 914 25.4 Kikuyu 683 18.9 Luo 482 13.4 Luhya 395 11.0 Kamba 249 6.9 Kisii 243 6.7 Mijikenda 159 4.4 Taita 114 3.2 Meru 81 2.2 Embu 69 1.9 Nubi 41 1.1 Swahili 35 1.0 Maasai 33 0.9 Borana 27 0.7 Kenyan Somali 21 0.6 Kenyan Arabs 13 0.4 Samburu 12 0.3 Rendille 8 0.2 Gabra 7 0.2 Turkana 6 0.2 Teso 5 0.1 Kenyan Asians 2 0.1 Kuria 2 0.1 Burji 1 0.03
160 161
Generally, the institution advocates for a conducive investment climate, provides accurate information for investment. The Kenya Investment Authority has 67 staff members. The Kenya Investment Authority complies with the NCI Act as the highest percentage, the Kalenjin, only make up 25.4% of the staff. Table 125: Employee Ethnic Representation at the Kenya Investment Authority Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 17 25.4 Kikuyu 12 17.9 Kamba 10 14.9 Luo 10 14.9 Luhya 8 11.9 Meru 4 6 Kisii 3 4.5 Embu 2 3 Taita 1 1.5 Total 67 100
Senior staff
Kenya Investment Authority has 16 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin who comprise31.0% of the senior staff.
Table 126: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KIA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 5 31.0 Kamba 3 18.8 Kikuyu 2 12.5 Meru 2 12.5 Kisii 1 6.3 Luhya 1 6.3 Luo 1 6.3 Taita 1 6.3 Total 16 100
Water Resources Management Authority Established under the water act (2002), water resource management authority is a state corporation under the ministry of environment responsible for being the lead agency in
161
management of water resources in the country and its overall development objective is to ensure rational, effective management of the water resources and equitable access for the various competing needs.
WARMA has 783 staff members. The Authority complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act as the largest umber of its employees who are drawn from the Luo community form 26.2%.
General staff
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 205 26.2 Kikuyu 165 21.1 Kamba 103 13.2 Luhya 97 12.4 Kalenjin 58 7.4 Meru 49 6.3 Kisii 45 5.7 Embu 18 2.2 Maasai 14 1.7 Kenya Somali 7 0.9 Taita 6 0.8 Borana 3 0.4 Mijikenda 3 0.4 Suba 2 0.3 Teso 2 0.3 Turkana 2 0.3 Kenyan Arab 1 0.1 Kuria 1 0.1 Swahili 1 0.1 Samburu 1 0.1 Total 783 100
Senior staff
WARMA has 34 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise32.4% of the senior staff.
Table 127: Ethic Representation among Senior Staff at WARMA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 11 32.4
Generally, the institution advocates for a conducive investment climate, provides accurate information for investment. The Kenya Investment Authority has 67 staff members. The Kenya Investment Authority complies with the NCI Act as the highest percentage, the Kalenjin, only make up 25.4% of the staff. Table 125: Employee Ethnic Representation at the Kenya Investment Authority Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 17 25.4 Kikuyu 12 17.9 Kamba 10 14.9 Luo 10 14.9 Luhya 8 11.9 Meru 4 6 Kisii 3 4.5 Embu 2 3 Taita 1 1.5 Total 67 100
Senior staff
Kenya Investment Authority has 16 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin who comprise31.0% of the senior staff.
Table 126: Ethnic representation of Senior staff at KIA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 5 31.0 Kamba 3 18.8 Kikuyu 2 12.5 Meru 2 12.5 Kisii 1 6.3 Luhya 1 6.3 Luo 1 6.3 Taita 1 6.3 Total 16 100
Water Resources Management Authority Established under the water act (2002), water resource management authority is a state corporation under the ministry of environment responsible for being the lead agency in
162 163
Luhya 5 14.7 Luo 4 11.8 Kisii 4 11.8 Kamba 3 8.8 Embu 3 8.8 Meru 1 2.9 Nandi 1 2.9 Suba 1 2.9 Mijikenda 1 2.9 Total 34 100.0 Kenya Copyright Board The Kenya Copyright Board was created as a statutory body in 2001 and took over the functions of the Copyright Section in the Department of the Registrar General. It is mandated to enforce copyright and related rights in Kenya. The Board coordinates and oversees the implementation of laws and international treaties to which Kenya is a party. Kenya Copyright Board has 38 employees. The Kenya Copyright Board complies with the NCI Act as the Luhya make up 26.3%. Table 128: Staff Representation by Ethnic Groups in the Kenya Copyright Board Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 10 26.3 Kikuyu 8 21.1 Kalenjin 6 15.8 Kamba 4 10.5 Luo 4 10.5 Meru 2 5.4 Tharaka 1 2.6 Embu 1 2.6 Somali 1 2.6 Kisii 1 2.6 Total 38 100
Senior staff Kenya Copyright body has seven senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luhya who comprise42.9% of the senior staff.
163
Table 129: Ethnic Representation in the Senior Management of Kenya Copyright Board
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 3 42.9 Kalenjin 1 14.3 Kamba 1 14.3 Embu 1 14.3 Kikuyu 1 14.3 Total 7 100
National Oil Corporation of Kenya National Oil is State Corporation under the Ministry of Energy incorporated in April 1981 and charged with participation in all aspects of the petroleum industry. National Oil has a 100% Government of Kenya shareholding. It became operational in 1984 and its initial operations were limited to exploration activities delegated from the Ministry of Energy. In 1988, National Oil went downstream and actively started participating in the importation and sale of petroleum products including crude oil, white fuels, lubricants and LPG. The company has 208 employees. National Oil Corporation of Kenya complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 26.4%. Table 130: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Audit Frequency Percent Kikuyu 55 26.4 Luo 38 18.3 Luhya 25 12 Kalenjin 23 11.1 Kamba 21 10.1 Meru 16 7.7 Kisii 12 5.8 Swahili 5 2.4 Taita 3 1.4 Teso 3 1.4 Mijikenda 3 1.4 Nubi 1 0.5 Borana 1 0.5 Maasai 1 0.5 Mbeere 1 0.5 Total 208 100
Luhya 5 14.7 Luo 4 11.8 Kisii 4 11.8 Kamba 3 8.8 Embu 3 8.8 Meru 1 2.9 Nandi 1 2.9 Suba 1 2.9 Mijikenda 1 2.9 Total 34 100.0 Kenya Copyright Board The Kenya Copyright Board was created as a statutory body in 2001 and took over the functions of the Copyright Section in the Department of the Registrar General. It is mandated to enforce copyright and related rights in Kenya. The Board coordinates and oversees the implementation of laws and international treaties to which Kenya is a party. Kenya Copyright Board has 38 employees. The Kenya Copyright Board complies with the NCI Act as the Luhya make up 26.3%. Table 128: Staff Representation by Ethnic Groups in the Kenya Copyright Board Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 10 26.3 Kikuyu 8 21.1 Kalenjin 6 15.8 Kamba 4 10.5 Luo 4 10.5 Meru 2 5.4 Tharaka 1 2.6 Embu 1 2.6 Somali 1 2.6 Kisii 1 2.6 Total 38 100
Senior staff Kenya Copyright body has seven senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luhya who comprise42.9% of the senior staff.
164 165
Senior staff National Oil Corporation has 34 senior staff and the largest ethnic group being Kikuyu at 20.6% Table 131: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at National Oil Corp
Ethnic group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 7 20.6 Luo 7 20.6 Luhya 6 17.6 Kalenjin 5 14.7 Kamba 3 8.8 Meru 3 8.8 Swahili 2 5.95 Kisii 1 2.95 Total 34 100 Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited The Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited is mandated to plan for sufficient electricity generation and transmission capacity to meet demand; building and maintaining the power distribution and transmission network and retailing of electricity to its customers. The institution has 10648 members of staff. KPLC complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 26.5%. Table 132: KPLC Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 2821 26.5 Kalenjin 1579 14.8 Luo 1462 13.7 Luhya 1295 12.2 Kamba 1045 9.8 Kisii 898 8.4 Mijikenda 465 4.4 Meru 362 3.4 Embu 254 2.4 Somali 235 2.2 Maasai 68 0.7 Taita 68 0.7 Turkana 24 0.2 Kuria 20 0.2
165
Swahili 19 0.2 Borana 15 0.1 Samburu 15 0.1 Kenyan Asian 1 0.01 Rendille 1 0.01 Teso 1 0.01 Total 10648 100
Senior staff KPLC has 118 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise32.2% of the senior staff.
Table 133: Ethnic Profiling of senior staff at KPLC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 38 32.2 Luo 21 17.8 Luhya 16 13.6 Kisii 9 7.6 Kamba 8 6.8 Kalenjin 8 6.8 Mijikenda 7 5.9 Meru 5 4.2 Embu 2 1.7 Maasai 2 1.7 Somali 1 0.8 Turkana 1 0.8 Total 118 100.0
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics The Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) is the official statistical Agency for the Government of Kenya and a Semi-Autonomous Government Agency incorporated under the Ministry of State for Planning, National Development and Vision 2030. Established by the Statistics Act of 2006 to replace the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), the core mandate of KNBS is collection, compilation, analysis, publication and dissemination of statistical information for public use, with an additional role of coordinating, monitoring and supervising the National Statistical System (NSS). KNBS has 509 members of staff. KNBS complies with the NCI Act. There are 135 Kikuyu out of 509 employees, who make up 26.5% of all the staff.
Senior staff National Oil Corporation has 34 senior staff and the largest ethnic group being Kikuyu at 20.6% Table 131: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at National Oil Corp
Ethnic group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 7 20.6 Luo 7 20.6 Luhya 6 17.6 Kalenjin 5 14.7 Kamba 3 8.8 Meru 3 8.8 Swahili 2 5.95 Kisii 1 2.95 Total 34 100 Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited The Kenya Power and Lighting Company Limited is mandated to plan for sufficient electricity generation and transmission capacity to meet demand; building and maintaining the power distribution and transmission network and retailing of electricity to its customers. The institution has 10648 members of staff. KPLC complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 26.5%. Table 132: KPLC Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 2821 26.5 Kalenjin 1579 14.8 Luo 1462 13.7 Luhya 1295 12.2 Kamba 1045 9.8 Kisii 898 8.4 Mijikenda 465 4.4 Meru 362 3.4 Embu 254 2.4 Somali 235 2.2 Maasai 68 0.7 Taita 68 0.7 Turkana 24 0.2 Kuria 20 0.2
166 167
Table 134: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 135 26.5 Luo 75 14.7 Kamba 70 13.8 Luhya 65 12.8 Kalenjin 48 9.4 Kisii 43 8.4 Mijikenda 21 4.1 Meru 20 3.9 Embu 8 1.6 Taita 6 1.2 Maasai 4 0.8 Taveta 2 0.4 Teso 2 0.4 Bajuni 2 0.4 Kuria 2 0.4 Mbeere 2 0.4 Kenyan Somali 1 0.2 Gabra 1 0.2 Pokot 1 0.2 Luo 1 0.2 Total 509 100
Senior staff KNBS has 55 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise36.4% of the senior staff. Table 135: Ethnic Representation among Seior staff at KNBS Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 20 36.4 Kamba 9 16.4 Luo 8 14.5 Luhya 5 9.1 Kisii 4 7.3 Kalenjin 4 7.3 Somali 2 3.6 Embu 1 1.8 Maasai 1 1.8 Meru 1 1.8 Total 55 100.0
167
Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute The Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute (KEVEVAPI) derives it mandate under the State Corporations Act, Cap 446 of the laws of Kenya through legal notice No. 223 of 4th June, 1990. The institution seeks to produce safe, efficacious and affordable veterinary vaccines through undertaking research, providing information, marketing and distribution for improvement of the livestock industry. KEVAVAPI has 181 employees. The Kenya Veterinary Vaccines Production Institute complies with the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kalenjin comprise of 26.5% of the staff population. Table 136: Ethnic distribution of general staff at KEVAVAPI
Ethnicity Number Percentage 1. Kalenjin 48 26.5 2. Kikuyu 35 19.3 3. Kamba 34 18.8 4. Luhya 22 12.2 5. Luo 15 8.3 6. Kisii 8 4.4 7. Meru 6 3.3 8. Maasai 3 1.7 9. Embu 2 1.1 10. Rendille 2 1.1 11. Taita 2 1.1 12. Turkana 2 1.1 13. Samburu 1 0.6 14. Teso 1 0.6
Total 181 100 Senior staff
KEVAVAPI has four senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise50% of the senior staff.
Table 137: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEVAVAPI
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 2 50.0 Kalenjin 1 25.0 Luo 1 25.0 Total 4 100.0
Table 134: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 135 26.5 Luo 75 14.7 Kamba 70 13.8 Luhya 65 12.8 Kalenjin 48 9.4 Kisii 43 8.4 Mijikenda 21 4.1 Meru 20 3.9 Embu 8 1.6 Taita 6 1.2 Maasai 4 0.8 Taveta 2 0.4 Teso 2 0.4 Bajuni 2 0.4 Kuria 2 0.4 Mbeere 2 0.4 Kenyan Somali 1 0.2 Gabra 1 0.2 Pokot 1 0.2 Luo 1 0.2 Total 509 100
Senior staff KNBS has 55 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyuwho comprise36.4% of the senior staff. Table 135: Ethnic Representation among Seior staff at KNBS Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 20 36.4 Kamba 9 16.4 Luo 8 14.5 Luhya 5 9.1 Kisii 4 7.3 Kalenjin 4 7.3 Somali 2 3.6 Embu 1 1.8 Maasai 1 1.8 Meru 1 1.8 Total 55 100.0
168 169
Kenya Broadcasting Corporation Established by an Act of parliament CAP 221 of the laws of Kenya, Kenya Broadcasting Corporation is a state corporation established to provide independent and impartial broadcasting services of information, education and entertainment, to the public through high quality broadcast. KBC has 935 employees. KBC complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 26.6%. The institution has also included minority groups such as the Rendille. Table 138: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group
Frequency Percent
Kikuyu 249 26.6 Luhya 163 17.4 Kamba 100 10.7 Luo 98 10.5 Kisii 86 9.2 Mijikenda 42 4.5 Kalenjin 44 4.7 Meru 36 3.9 Taita 24 2.6 Teso 21 2.2 Embu 18 1.9 Borana 14 1.5 Maasai 10 1.1 Samburu 5 0.5 Rendille 5 0.5 Suba 3 0.3 Turkana 3 0.3 Kenyan Somali
3 0.3
Kuria 3 0.3 Mbeere 3 0.3 Burji 2 0.2 Swahili 2 0.2 Orma 1 0.1 Total 935 100.0
Senior staff KBC has 81 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 29.6% of the senior staff.
169
Table 139: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KBC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 24 29.6 Luo 12 14.8 Luhya 11 13.6 Kamba 9 11.1 Kisii 6 7.4 Mijikenda 3 3.7 Embu 3 3.7 Meru 3 3.7 Taita 3 3.7 Suba 2 2.5 Kalenjin 2 2.5 Mbeere 1 1.2 Kuria 1 1.2 Maasai 1 1.2 Total 81 100.0
Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund was established on March 11, 2003 by Ministry of Local Government through a Gazette notice No. 1558. The institution was established to coordinate rehabilitation activities for street families in Kenya, educate the public, mobilise resources and manage a fund to support rehabilitation activities at local authority level. The institution has 15 employees. The Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund complies with the NCI Act as the largest ethnic group, the Luhya, comprise of 26.7% of staff. Table 140: Ethnic distribution of SFRTF staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1. Luhya 4 26.7 2. Kamba 3 20.0 3. Kikuyu 2 13.3 4. Kisii 2 13.3 5. Meru 2 13.3 6. Luo 1 6.7 7. Mijikenda 1 6.7
Total 15 100
Kenya Broadcasting Corporation Established by an Act of parliament CAP 221 of the laws of Kenya, Kenya Broadcasting Corporation is a state corporation established to provide independent and impartial broadcasting services of information, education and entertainment, to the public through high quality broadcast. KBC has 935 employees. KBC complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 26.6%. The institution has also included minority groups such as the Rendille. Table 138: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group
Frequency Percent
Kikuyu 249 26.6 Luhya 163 17.4 Kamba 100 10.7 Luo 98 10.5 Kisii 86 9.2 Mijikenda 42 4.5 Kalenjin 44 4.7 Meru 36 3.9 Taita 24 2.6 Teso 21 2.2 Embu 18 1.9 Borana 14 1.5 Maasai 10 1.1 Samburu 5 0.5 Rendille 5 0.5 Suba 3 0.3 Turkana 3 0.3 Kenyan Somali
3 0.3
Kuria 3 0.3 Mbeere 3 0.3 Burji 2 0.2 Swahili 2 0.2 Orma 1 0.1 Total 935 100.0
Senior staff KBC has 81 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 29.6% of the senior staff.
170 171
Senior staff Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund has only one senior staff who belongs to the Kikuyu community. Table 141: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Street Families Rehabilitation Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 1 100
Kenya National Shipping Line Limited Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd was formed in 1989 under the Merchant Shipping Act and is the only National Carrier of the Kenya Government. As the National Carrier, its mandated to handle exports and imports to and from Kenya with an objective of promoting the development of maritime transport sector within the region and beyond. The Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd has 15 employees. The Kenya National Shipping Line Limited complies with the NCI Act as the Luo make up 26.7% of employees. Table 142: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Luo 4 26.7 Luhya 2 13.3 Kalenjin 2 13.3 Mijikenda 2 13.3 Kamba 2 13.3 Kikuyu 2 13.3 Meru 1 6.7 Total 15 100
Senior staff Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd has five senior staff and all belong to different ethnic communities. Table 143: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNSL
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 1 20 Kikuyu 1 20 Kamba 1 20 Meru 1 20 Luhya 1 20 Total 5 100
171
Water Appeal Board The Water Appeals Board was established in 2005 in Nairobi following the reforms of the Water Act, 2002 to settle water related disputes and conflicts. The Water Appeal Board has 15 members of staff. It complies with the requirements of the NCI Act since the largest ethnic group of its employees who are drawn from the Luhya community from only 26.7%. Table 144: Ethnic composition of staff at the Water Appeal Board Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 4 26.7 Kamba 3 20 Meru 2 13.3 Kikuyu 2 13.3 Kisii 2 13.3 Mijikenda 1 6.7 Luo 1 6.7 Total 15 100
Senior staff
Water Appeal Board has two senior staff,both from the Luhya community.
Table 145: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Water Appeal Board
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 2 100 Total 2 100
Tourism Regulatory Authority Tourism Regulatory Authority (TRA) is a corporate body established under section 4 of the Tourism Act No.28 of 2011 and is mandated to regulate the tourism sector in Kenya. This entails developing regulations, standards and guidelines that are necessary to ensure an all-round quality service delivery in the tourism sector. The Tourism Regulatory Authority has 56 members of staff. The Kikuyu is the largest community among staff with 26.8%. The Authority complies with diversity legislation as set out in section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 146: Staff profiling by ethnic group in the Tourism Regulatory Authority Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Senior staff Street Families Rehabilitation Trust Fund has only one senior staff who belongs to the Kikuyu community. Table 141: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Street Families Rehabilitation Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 1 100
Kenya National Shipping Line Limited Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd was formed in 1989 under the Merchant Shipping Act and is the only National Carrier of the Kenya Government. As the National Carrier, its mandated to handle exports and imports to and from Kenya with an objective of promoting the development of maritime transport sector within the region and beyond. The Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd has 15 employees. The Kenya National Shipping Line Limited complies with the NCI Act as the Luo make up 26.7% of employees. Table 142: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Luo 4 26.7 Luhya 2 13.3 Kalenjin 2 13.3 Mijikenda 2 13.3 Kamba 2 13.3 Kikuyu 2 13.3 Meru 1 6.7 Total 15 100
Senior staff Kenya National Shipping Line Ltd has five senior staff and all belong to different ethnic communities. Table 143: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNSL
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 1 20 Kikuyu 1 20 Kamba 1 20 Meru 1 20 Luhya 1 20 Total 5 100
172 173
Kikuyu 15 26.8 Luo 9 16.1 Luhya 6 10.7 Kalenjin 6 10.7 Kisii 4 7.1 Meru 3 5.4 Mijikenda 3 5.4 Kamba 3 5.4 Embu 2 3.6 Nubi 1 1.8 Samburu 1 1.8 Taita 1 1.8 Borana 1 1.8 Pokomo 1 1.8 Total 56 100
Kenya Medical Research Institute Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) is a State Corporation established through the Science and Technology (Amendment) Act of 1979, which has since been amended to Science, Technology and Innovation Act 2013. The 1979 Act established KEMRI as a National body responsible for carrying out health research in Kenya. KEMRI has 937 members of staff. KEMRI complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 26.8%. Worth noting also is the inclusion of minority communities such as Taveta and Turkana. Table 147: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 251 26.8 Luo 141 15 Luhya 127 13.6 Kalenjin 119 12.7 Kamba 76 8.1 Kisii 64 6.8 Meru 44 4.7 Mijikenda 31 3.3 Teso 17 1.8 Embu 13 1.4 Somali 12 1.3 Taita 11 1.2 Kuria 10 1.1
173
Maasai 7 0.7 Samburu 6 0.6 Borana 3 0.3 Kenyan Asian 1 0.1 Russian 1 0.1 Swahili 1 0.1 Taveta 1 0.1 Turkana 1 0.1 Total 937 100
Senior staff KEMRI has 34 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 32% of the senior staff.
Table 148: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEMRI Ethnic Group Number Percentage kikuyu 11 32 Luo 7 21 Luhya 6 18 Kalenjin 3 9 Taita 2 6 Mijikenda 2 6 Embu 1 3 Sakuye 1 3 Kamba 1 3 Total 34 100
Capital Markets Authority Capital Markets Authority is mandated to regulate and supervise the capital markets industry. The institution has 78 members of staff.. Capital Markets Authority complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 26.9%. Table 149: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1 Kikuyu 21 26.9 2 Kamba 11 14.1 3 Kalenjin 10 12.8 4 Luhya 8 10.3 5 Kisii 7 9.0 6 Luo 5 6.4
Kikuyu 15 26.8 Luo 9 16.1 Luhya 6 10.7 Kalenjin 6 10.7 Kisii 4 7.1 Meru 3 5.4 Mijikenda 3 5.4 Kamba 3 5.4 Embu 2 3.6 Nubi 1 1.8 Samburu 1 1.8 Taita 1 1.8 Borana 1 1.8 Pokomo 1 1.8 Total 56 100
Kenya Medical Research Institute Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) is a State Corporation established through the Science and Technology (Amendment) Act of 1979, which has since been amended to Science, Technology and Innovation Act 2013. The 1979 Act established KEMRI as a National body responsible for carrying out health research in Kenya. KEMRI has 937 members of staff. KEMRI complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 26.8%. Worth noting also is the inclusion of minority communities such as Taveta and Turkana. Table 147: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 251 26.8 Luo 141 15 Luhya 127 13.6 Kalenjin 119 12.7 Kamba 76 8.1 Kisii 64 6.8 Meru 44 4.7 Mijikenda 31 3.3 Teso 17 1.8 Embu 13 1.4 Somali 12 1.3 Taita 11 1.2 Kuria 10 1.1
174 175
7 Maasai 4 5.1 8 Meru 4 5.1 9 Taita 2 2.6 10 Embu 2 2.6 11 Borana 2 2.6 12 Mijikenda 2 2.6 Total 78 100
Senior staff Capital Markets Authority has 21 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 33.3% of the senior staff. Table 150: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Capital Markets Authority
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 33.3 luhya 5 23.8 Embu 2 9.5 Maasai 2 9.5 Kalenjin 1 4.8 Kalenjin 1 4.8 Mijikenda 1 4.8 Meru 1 4.8 Luo 1 4.8 Total 21 100
Coffee Development Fund Established in 2006 under Section 34 of the Coffee Act No. 9 of 2001, the Coffee Development Fund is mandated to enable the coffee industry to access affordable credit facilities in a sustainable manner for the purpose of improving coffee quality and quantity and to stabilize farmers’ income. Coffee Development Fund has 26 employees. Coffee Development Fund complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 27%. Table 151: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1 Kikuyu 7 27 2 Kalenjin 6 23 3 Luo 4 15
175
4 Kisii 2 8 5 Luhya 2 8 6 Kamba 1 4 7 Suba 1 4 8 Mijikenda 1 4
9 Teso 1 4 10 Maasai 1 4 Total 26 100
Senior staff CDF has 21 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 33.3% of the senior staff. Table 152: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CDF
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 33.3 luhya 5 23.8 Embu 2 9.5 Maasai 2 9.5 Kalenjin 1 4.8 Kalenjin 1 4.8 Mijikenda 1 4.8 Meru 1 4.8 Luo 1 4.8 Total 21 100
Kenya Pipeline Company The Kenya Pipeline Company (KPC) Limited is a State Corporation established under the Companies Act (CAP 486) of the Laws of Kenya on 6th September, 1973. Kenya Pipeline Company is mandated to provide efficient, reliable, safe and cost effective means of transporting petroleum products from Mombasa to the hinterland. In pursuit of this objective, the Company constructed pipeline network, storage and loading facilities for transportation, storage and distribution of petroleum products. KPC has 1641 members of staff. The Kenya Pipeline Company complies with the NCI Act as the Kalenjin comprise 27% of employees at the company. Table 153: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kalenjin 444 27.1
7 Maasai 4 5.1 8 Meru 4 5.1 9 Taita 2 2.6 10 Embu 2 2.6 11 Borana 2 2.6 12 Mijikenda 2 2.6 Total 78 100
Senior staff Capital Markets Authority has 21 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 33.3% of the senior staff. Table 150: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Capital Markets Authority
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 33.3 luhya 5 23.8 Embu 2 9.5 Maasai 2 9.5 Kalenjin 1 4.8 Kalenjin 1 4.8 Mijikenda 1 4.8 Meru 1 4.8 Luo 1 4.8 Total 21 100
Coffee Development Fund Established in 2006 under Section 34 of the Coffee Act No. 9 of 2001, the Coffee Development Fund is mandated to enable the coffee industry to access affordable credit facilities in a sustainable manner for the purpose of improving coffee quality and quantity and to stabilize farmers’ income. Coffee Development Fund has 26 employees. Coffee Development Fund complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 27%. Table 151: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1 Kikuyu 7 27 2 Kalenjin 6 23 3 Luo 4 15
176 177
Kikuyu 312 19.0 Luo 234 14.3 Luhya 173 10.5 Kamba 108 6.6 Kisii 87 5.3 Taita 67 4.1 Meru 55 3.4 Mijikenda 52 3.2 Kenyan Somali 28 1.7 Embu 23 1.4 Maasai 18 1.1 Suba 7 0.4 Samburu 6 0.4 Turkana 6 0.4 Gabra 3 0.2 Rendille 4 0.2 Kuria 4 0.2 Nubi 1 0.1 Taveta 2 0.1 Teso 1 0.1 Swahili 1 0.1 Borana 1 0.1 Orma 2 0.1 Kenyan Arabs 1 0.1 Mbeere 1 0.1 Total 1641 100.0
Senior staff KPC has 118 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 32.2% of the senior staff.
Table 154: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KPC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 38 32.2 Luo 21 17.8 Luhya 16 13.6 Kisii 9 7.6 Kamba 8 6.8 Kalenjin 8 6.8 Mijikenda 7 5.9 Meru 5 4.2 Embu 2 1.7
177
Maasai 2 1.7 Somali 1 0.8 Turkana 1 0.8 Total 118 100.0
Kenya Medical Supplies Agency (KEMSA) The Kenya Medical Supplies Agency (KEMSA) is a specialized medical logistics provider for Ministries of Medical Services/Public Health-supported health facilities and programmes. The Agency was formed on 11th February 2000 as a result of recommendations of a health stakeholders’ forum dubbed “Strategies for Reforming the Drug and Medical Supplies Systems in Kenya” held between June 7 and 10, 1998. KEMSA has 1641 employees. KEMSA complies with the NCI ACT as the largest group the Kalenjin are 27%. Table 155: KEMSA Staff Distribution by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 443 27 Kikuyu 312 19 Luo 234 14.3 Luhya 173 10.5 Kamba 108 6.6 Kisii 87 5.3 Taita 67 4.1 Meru 55 3.4 Mijikenda 52 3.2 Kenyan Somali 28 1.7
Embu 23 1.4 Maasai 18 1.1 Suba 7 0.4 Samburu 6 0.4 Turkana 6 0.4 Gabra 3 0.2 Rendille 4 0.2 Kuria 4 0.2 Nubi 1 0.1 Taveta 2 0.1 Teso 1 0.1 Swahili 1 0.1 Borana 1 0.1 Orma 2 0.1
Kikuyu 312 19.0 Luo 234 14.3 Luhya 173 10.5 Kamba 108 6.6 Kisii 87 5.3 Taita 67 4.1 Meru 55 3.4 Mijikenda 52 3.2 Kenyan Somali 28 1.7 Embu 23 1.4 Maasai 18 1.1 Suba 7 0.4 Samburu 6 0.4 Turkana 6 0.4 Gabra 3 0.2 Rendille 4 0.2 Kuria 4 0.2 Nubi 1 0.1 Taveta 2 0.1 Teso 1 0.1 Swahili 1 0.1 Borana 1 0.1 Orma 2 0.1 Kenyan Arabs 1 0.1 Mbeere 1 0.1 Total 1641 100.0
Senior staff KPC has 118 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 32.2% of the senior staff.
Table 154: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KPC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 38 32.2 Luo 21 17.8 Luhya 16 13.6 Kisii 9 7.6 Kamba 8 6.8 Kalenjin 8 6.8 Mijikenda 7 5.9 Meru 5 4.2 Embu 2 1.7
178 179
Kenyan Arabs 1 0.1
Pokot 1 0.1 Mbeere 1 0.1 Total 1641 100
Senior staff KEMSA has 16 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 31.3% of the senior staff.
Table 156:Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEMSA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 5 31.3 Luhya 4 25.0 Luo 2 12.5 Meru 2 12.5 Kamba 1 6.3 Teso 1 6.2 Embu 1 6.2 Total 16 100 National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation The National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) was formed out of the State Corporations’ Act vide Legal Notice No. 270 of 24th June, 1988 Cap 446 of the Laws of Kenya. NWCPC is mandated to develop state schemes such as construct dams, drill boreholes. The institution has county 1,640 members of staff. NWCPC complies with the NCI Act as the Kamba make up 27.1% Table 157: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 444 27.1 Kikuyu 313 19.1 Luo 234 14.3 Luhya 171 10.4 Kamba 108 6.6 Kisii 87 5.3 Taita 67 4.1 Meru 56 3.4 Mijikenda 53 3.2 Somali 28 1.7 Embu 22 1.3
179
Maasai 18 1.1 Samburu 6 0.4 Turkana 6 0.4 Suba 5 0.3 Kuria 4 0.2 Rendile 4 0.2 Gabra 3 0.18 Orma 2 0.12 Taveta 2 0.12 Arab 1 0.06 Borana 1 0.06 Foreigner 1 0.06 Mbeere 1 0.06 Nubian 1 0.06 Teso 1 0.06 Swahili 1 0.06 Total 1640 100
Senior staff NWPC has 25 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kamba who comprise 36.0% of the senior staff.
Table 158: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NWPC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kamba 9 36.0 Luhya 4 16.0 Kikuyu 3 12.0 Kalenjin 3 12.0 Meru 2 8.0 Luo 2 8.0 Kisii 2 8.0 Total 25 100 Kenya Civil Aviation Authority The Kenya Civil Aviation Authority (KCAA) was established on 24th October 2002 by the Civil Aviation (Amendment) Act of 2002. The institution is mandated to plan, develop, manage, regulate and operate a safe, economically sustainable and efficient civil aviation system in Kenya, in accordance with the provisions of the Civil Aviation Act, 2013. KCAA has 674 employees. 27.3% of the staff are drawn from the Kikuyu community. The KCAA complies with the provision of section 7(2) of the NCI Act.
Kenyan Arabs 1 0.1
Pokot 1 0.1 Mbeere 1 0.1 Total 1641 100
Senior staff KEMSA has 16 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 31.3% of the senior staff.
Table 156:Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEMSA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 5 31.3 Luhya 4 25.0 Luo 2 12.5 Meru 2 12.5 Kamba 1 6.3 Teso 1 6.2 Embu 1 6.2 Total 16 100 National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation The National Water Conservation Pipeline Corporation (NWCPC) was formed out of the State Corporations’ Act vide Legal Notice No. 270 of 24th June, 1988 Cap 446 of the Laws of Kenya. NWCPC is mandated to develop state schemes such as construct dams, drill boreholes. The institution has county 1,640 members of staff. NWCPC complies with the NCI Act as the Kamba make up 27.1% Table 157: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 444 27.1 Kikuyu 313 19.1 Luo 234 14.3 Luhya 171 10.4 Kamba 108 6.6 Kisii 87 5.3 Taita 67 4.1 Meru 56 3.4 Mijikenda 53 3.2 Somali 28 1.7 Embu 22 1.3
180 181
Table 159: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KCAA Ethnic Group Number Percentage 1 Kikuyu 184 27.3 2 Luo 112 16.6 3 Luhya 89 13.2 4 Kamba 88 13.1 5 Kalenjin 77 11.4 6 Kisii 41 6.1 7 Mijikenda 21 3.1 8 Meru 18 2.7 9 Taita 12 1.8 10 Embu 9 1.3 11 Maasai 5 0.7 12 Somali 4 0.6 13 Samburu 3 0.4 14 Turkana 3 0.4 15 Swahili 2 0.3 16 Galla 2 0.3 17 Borana 1 0.1 18 Mbeere 1 0.1 19 Suba 1 0.1 20 Taveta 1 0.1 Total 674 100
Senior staff KCCA has 71 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 22% of the senior staff.
Table 160: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KCCA
Ethnic Group Number percentage Kikuyu 22 31.0 Luo 12 16.9 Luhya 11 15.5 Kamba 11 15.5 Kalenjin 4 5.6 Kisii 4 5.6 Meru 2 2.8 Taita 2 2.8
181
Mijikenda 1 1.4 Mbeere 1 1.4 Embu 1 1.4 Total 71 100.0
Kenya Leather Development Council The Kenya Leather Development Council (KLDC) was established under the State Corporations Act Chapter 446 of the Laws of Kenya vide Legal Notice No. 114 of 9th September 2011 to provide advisory services to the Minister on matters related to processing of and trade in hides, skins, leather and leather goods for planning purposes among others. Kenya Leather Development Council has 22 members of staff. KLDC complies with the NCI Act since the largest group in its employment, the Kikuyu, are composed of 27.3%. KLDC complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 27.3% of the total number of employees. General staff Table: KLDC Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1 Kikuyu 6 27.3 2 Luo 4 18.2 3 Luhya 4 18.2 4 Kalenjin 3 13.6 5 Mijikenda 1 4.5 6 Kuria 1 4.5 7 Meru 1 4.5 8 Kisii 1 4.5 9 Maasai 1 4.5 Total 22 100
Senior staff KLDC has only one senior staff and the only ethnic group being Kikuyu. Table 161: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KLDC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 1 100
Table 159: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KCAA Ethnic Group Number Percentage 1 Kikuyu 184 27.3 2 Luo 112 16.6 3 Luhya 89 13.2 4 Kamba 88 13.1 5 Kalenjin 77 11.4 6 Kisii 41 6.1 7 Mijikenda 21 3.1 8 Meru 18 2.7 9 Taita 12 1.8 10 Embu 9 1.3 11 Maasai 5 0.7 12 Somali 4 0.6 13 Samburu 3 0.4 14 Turkana 3 0.4 15 Swahili 2 0.3 16 Galla 2 0.3 17 Borana 1 0.1 18 Mbeere 1 0.1 19 Suba 1 0.1 20 Taveta 1 0.1 Total 674 100
Senior staff KCCA has 71 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 22% of the senior staff.
Table 160: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KCCA
Ethnic Group Number percentage Kikuyu 22 31.0 Luo 12 16.9 Luhya 11 15.5 Kamba 11 15.5 Kalenjin 4 5.6 Kisii 4 5.6 Meru 2 2.8 Taita 2 2.8
182 183
Public Procurement Oversight Authority The Public Procurement Oversight Authority was formed out of The Public Procurement and Disposal Act of 2005. PPOA is mandated to enhance national socio-economic development by facilitating and ensuring the implementation of an effective and efficient public procurement and disposal system. The Public Procurement Oversight Authority has 55 employees. PPOA complies with the NCI Act. The Kikuyu, the largest community make up 27.3% of staff Table 162: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 15 27.3 Luo 7 12.7 Luhya 6 10.9 Kamba 5 9.1 Embu 3 5.5 Mijikenda 3 5.5 Kalenjin 3 5.5 Teso 2 3.6 Taita 2 3.6 Meru 2 3.6 Kisii 2 3.6 Turkana 1 1.8
Kenyan Somali 1 1.8
Borana 1 1.8 Galla 1 1.8 Kuria 1 1.8 Total 55 100
Senior staff PPOA has 12 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 33.3% of the senior staff. Table 163: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at PPOA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 33.3 Luo 4 33.3 Luhya 2 16.8 Kalenjin 1 8.3 Mijikenda 1 8.3 Total 12 100
183
Kenya Law Reform Commission The Kenya law Reform Commission is an independent government commission established in 1982 through the enactment of the Law Reform Commission Act (Chapter 3 of the laws of Kenya). KLRC serves as the primary Law Reform agency in Kenya and part of its mandate is to offer technical advice to government agencies on the review of laws for which they take responsibility. KLRC has 44 members of staff. KLRC complies with the NCI Act, as the largest community, the Kamba comprise of 27.3% of the total workforce Table 164: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnicity Number Percentage 1. Kamba 12 27.3 2. Kikuyu 8 18.2 3. luhya 8 18.2 4. Luo 7 15.9 5. Kalenjin 3 6.8 6. Basuba 2 4.5 7. Meru 2 4.5 8. Kisii 1 2.3 9. Mbeere 1 2.3
Total 44 100
Senior staff
KLRC has nine senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luhya who comprise 33.35% of the senior staff.
Table 165: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KLRC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 3 33.35 Luo 3 33.35 Kikuyu 1 11.1 Kalenjin 1 11.1 Kamba 1 11.1 Total 9 100
Kenya Railways Corporation Established by an Act of Parliament (Cap 397) of the Laws of Kenya, Kenya Railways Corporation is mandated to provide a coordinated and integrated system within Kenya of rail and inland waterways transport services and inland port facilities. Kenya Railways
Public Procurement Oversight Authority The Public Procurement Oversight Authority was formed out of The Public Procurement and Disposal Act of 2005. PPOA is mandated to enhance national socio-economic development by facilitating and ensuring the implementation of an effective and efficient public procurement and disposal system. The Public Procurement Oversight Authority has 55 employees. PPOA complies with the NCI Act. The Kikuyu, the largest community make up 27.3% of staff Table 162: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 15 27.3 Luo 7 12.7 Luhya 6 10.9 Kamba 5 9.1 Embu 3 5.5 Mijikenda 3 5.5 Kalenjin 3 5.5 Teso 2 3.6 Taita 2 3.6 Meru 2 3.6 Kisii 2 3.6 Turkana 1 1.8
Kenyan Somali 1 1.8
Borana 1 1.8 Galla 1 1.8 Kuria 1 1.8 Total 55 100
Senior staff PPOA has 12 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 33.3% of the senior staff. Table 163: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at PPOA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 33.3 Luo 4 33.3 Luhya 2 16.8 Kalenjin 1 8.3 Mijikenda 1 8.3 Total 12 100
184 185
Corporation promotes, facilitates and participates in the National and Metropolitan Railway development. Kenya Railways Corporation has 121 members of staff. Kenya Railways Corporation complies with the NCI Act. The highest percentage, the Kikuyu, make up 27.3% of employees Table 166: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 33 27.3 Kamba 22 18.2 Luhya 19 15.7 Luo 19 15.7 Kalenjin 9 7.4 Meru 3 2.5 Mijikenda 5 4.1 Taita 2 1.7 Embu 2 1.7 Kisii 2 1.7 Taveta 1 0.8 Teso 1 0.8 Somali 1 0.8 Kuria 1 0.8 Maasai 1 0.8 Total 121 100
Senior staff KRC has 13 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Meru who comprise 23.0% of the senior staff.
Table 167: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KRC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Meru 3 23.0 Kalenjin 2 15.4 Kamba 2 15.4 Kikuyu 2 15.4 Luhya 1 7.7 Luo 1 7.7 Mijikenda 1 7.7 Taita 1 7.7 Total 13 100
185
Retirement Benefits Authority Retirements Benefits Authority is mandated to develop, safeguard and deliver value to the retirement benefits sector through excellence in service delivery. The institution has 55 members of staff. RBA complies with the NCI Act as the largest community, the Luo, make up 27.5%. Table 168: RBA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 14 27.5 Kikuyu 8 15.7 Kalenjn 6 11.8 Kamba 6 11.8 Kisii 6 11.8 Meru 5 9.8
Luhya 4 7.8 Suba 1 2.0 Mijikenda 1 2.0 Total 51 100
Senior staff
RBA has 14 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luo who comprise 28.6% of the senior staff.
Table 169: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at RBA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 4 28.6 Kikuyu 3 21.4 Luhya 3 21.4 Kamba 2 14.3 Kalenjin 2 14.3 Total 14 100
National Environment Management Authority The National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) is established under the Environmental Management and Coordination Act (EMCA) No. 8 of 1999, as the principal instrument of government in the implementation of all policies relating to the environment. NEMA isestablished to exercise general supervision and co-ordination over all matters
Corporation promotes, facilitates and participates in the National and Metropolitan Railway development. Kenya Railways Corporation has 121 members of staff. Kenya Railways Corporation complies with the NCI Act. The highest percentage, the Kikuyu, make up 27.3% of employees Table 166: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 33 27.3 Kamba 22 18.2 Luhya 19 15.7 Luo 19 15.7 Kalenjin 9 7.4 Meru 3 2.5 Mijikenda 5 4.1 Taita 2 1.7 Embu 2 1.7 Kisii 2 1.7 Taveta 1 0.8 Teso 1 0.8 Somali 1 0.8 Kuria 1 0.8 Maasai 1 0.8 Total 121 100
Senior staff KRC has 13 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Meru who comprise 23.0% of the senior staff.
Table 167: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KRC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Meru 3 23.0 Kalenjin 2 15.4 Kamba 2 15.4 Kikuyu 2 15.4 Luhya 1 7.7 Luo 1 7.7 Mijikenda 1 7.7 Taita 1 7.7 Total 13 100
186 187
relating to the environment. It seeks to provide a healthy and clean environment to Kenyans. NEMA has 380 employees. NEMA complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 27.6 % of the staff. Table 170: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 105 27.6 Luhya 57 15 Luo 44 11.6 Kalenjin 42 10.8 Kamba 41 10.5 Kisii 40 10.5 Meru 14 3.7 Taita 10 2.6
Mijikenda 7 1.6
Somali 6 1.4 Maasai 5 1.3 Swahili 3 0.8 Rendille 3 0.8 Samburu 1 0.3 Gabra 1 0.3 Kuria 1 0.3 Total 380 100
Senior staff NEMA has 16 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 43.8% of the senior staff.
Table 171: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NEMA Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 43.8 Luo 4 25 Kamba 2 12.5 Luhya 2 12.5 Kisii 1 6.3 Total 16 100
Women Enterprise Fund The Women Enterprise Fund has 47 members of staff. Most of them belong to the Kikuyu community which comprises of 27.7% of the staff. Women Enterprise Fund complies with
187
section 7(2) of the NCI Act which requires every public establishment to have not more than 33.3% of its staff from one ethnic community. Table 172: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Women Enterprise Fund
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Kikuyu 13 27.7 Luo 12 25.5 Luhya 5 10.6 Meru 4 8.5 Kisii 4 8.5 Kalenjin 3 6.4 Kamba 2 4.3 Embu 1 2.1 Swahili 1 2.1
Kenyan Somali 1 2.1
Maasai 1 2.1 Total 47 100
Senior staff WEF has seven senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 57.1% of the senior staff.
Table 173: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at WEF
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 4 57.1 Meru 2 28.6 Nandi 1 14.3 Total 7 100.0
National Council for Law Reporting (NCLR) The National Council for Law Reporting is a state corporation established by the National Council for Law Reporting Act, 1994. The statutory mandate of the Council is to publish the official Kenya Law Reports, which are compilations of the decisions of the superior courts of Kenya, and the revision and updating the Laws of Kenya. The National Council has 72 members of staff. The majority of employees are drawn from the Kikuyu community. They form 27.8%. Thus, the Council complies with the requirement of section 7(2) of the NCI Act.
relating to the environment. It seeks to provide a healthy and clean environment to Kenyans. NEMA has 380 employees. NEMA complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 27.6 % of the staff. Table 170: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 105 27.6 Luhya 57 15 Luo 44 11.6 Kalenjin 42 10.8 Kamba 41 10.5 Kisii 40 10.5 Meru 14 3.7 Taita 10 2.6
Mijikenda 7 1.6
Somali 6 1.4 Maasai 5 1.3 Swahili 3 0.8 Rendille 3 0.8 Samburu 1 0.3 Gabra 1 0.3 Kuria 1 0.3 Total 380 100
Senior staff NEMA has 16 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 43.8% of the senior staff.
Table 171: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NEMA Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 43.8 Luo 4 25 Kamba 2 12.5 Luhya 2 12.5 Kisii 1 6.3 Total 16 100
Women Enterprise Fund The Women Enterprise Fund has 47 members of staff. Most of them belong to the Kikuyu community which comprises of 27.7% of the staff. Women Enterprise Fund complies with
188 189
Table 174: Staff Ethnic Composition at the NCLR Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 20 27.8 Luhya 14 19.4 Luo 14 19.4 Meru 5 6.9 Kalenjin 5 6.9 Kamba 5 6.9 Kisii 5 6.9 Teso 4 5.6 Total 72 100
Senior staff NCLR has 12 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luhya who comprise 33.0% of the senior staff.
Table 175: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCLR
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 4 33.0 Kikuyu 3 25.0 Luo 3 25.0 Kalenjin 1 8.0 Kamba 1 8.0 Total 12 100
Anti-Counterfeit Agency Established under the Anti-Counterfeit Act of 2008 as a State Corporation, the Anti-Counterfeit Agency is mandated to enlighten and inform the public on matters relating to counterfeiting, combat counterfeiting, trade and other dealings in counterfeit goods, devise and promote training programs to combat counterfeiting and co-ordinate with national, regional or international organizations involved in combating counterfeiting. The Anti-Counterfeit Agency has 102 members of staff. The Anti-counterfeit Agency has complied with the NCI Act as the Kalenjin who make up the largest percentage are only 27.8%. Table 176: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 15 27.8 Kikuyu 10 18.5 Kamba 7 13.0
189
Luo 5 9.3 Meru 3 5.6 Turkana 3 5.6 Luhya 3 5.6 Kenyan Somali 3 5.6 Kisii 3 5.6 Taita 1 1.7 Mijikenda 1 1.7 Total 54 100
Senior staff ACA has 4 senior staff who are drawn from four different ethnic communities. Table 177: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ACA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kamba 1 25.0 Kalenjin 1 25.0 Kikuyu 1 25.0 Luo 1 25.0 Total 4 100 Kenya National Library Services Kenya National Library Service (KNLS) Board is a statutory body of the Government of Kenya established by an Act of Parliament, Cap 225 of the Laws of Kenya in April 1965. The Board‘s mandate is to develop, promote, establish and equip libraries in Kenya. The State Corporations Act Cap 446 of the laws of Kenya also guides the Board in its operations. KNLS has 685 employees. It complies with the NCI Act as the largest community, the Kikuyu, is 28.3% Table 178: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Kikuyu 194 28.3 Kalenjin 103 15 Luo 77 11.2
Kenyan Somali 72 10.5
Kamba 54 7.9 Luhya 46 6.7
Table 174: Staff Ethnic Composition at the NCLR Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 20 27.8 Luhya 14 19.4 Luo 14 19.4 Meru 5 6.9 Kalenjin 5 6.9 Kamba 5 6.9 Kisii 5 6.9 Teso 4 5.6 Total 72 100
Senior staff NCLR has 12 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luhya who comprise 33.0% of the senior staff.
Table 175: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCLR
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 4 33.0 Kikuyu 3 25.0 Luo 3 25.0 Kalenjin 1 8.0 Kamba 1 8.0 Total 12 100
Anti-Counterfeit Agency Established under the Anti-Counterfeit Act of 2008 as a State Corporation, the Anti-Counterfeit Agency is mandated to enlighten and inform the public on matters relating to counterfeiting, combat counterfeiting, trade and other dealings in counterfeit goods, devise and promote training programs to combat counterfeiting and co-ordinate with national, regional or international organizations involved in combating counterfeiting. The Anti-Counterfeit Agency has 102 members of staff. The Anti-counterfeit Agency has complied with the NCI Act as the Kalenjin who make up the largest percentage are only 27.8%. Table 176: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 15 27.8 Kikuyu 10 18.5 Kamba 7 13.0
190 191
Kisii 43 6.3 Mijikenda 29 4.2 Meru 19 2.8 Taita 12 1.8 Borana 11 1.6 Embu 10 1.5 Maasai 6 0.9 Gabra 3 0.4 Teso 2 0.3 Turkana 2 0.3 Rendille 1 0.1 Mbeere 1 0.1 Total 685 100
Senior staff KNLS has 25 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 28.0% of the senior staff.
Table 179: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNLS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 28 Kamba 5 20 Kisii 3 12 Luhya 2 8 Kalenjin 2 8 Luo 2 8 Maasai 1 4 Teso 1 4 Embu 1 4 Meru 1 4 Total 25 100
Export Promotion Council The Export Promotion Council (EPC) was established on 19th August 1992 through Legal Notice No. 4342, with the mandate of developing and promoting Kenya’s exports. It is registered as a company limited by guarantee without share capital. This gives EPC the autonomy and flexibility to develop and implement its programmes as well as raise resources from international development partners. Export promotion Council has 53 members of staff. Export Promotion Council complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 28.3% of the staff population.
191
Table 180: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 15 28.3 Luhya 7 13.2 Luo 7 13.2 Kalenjin 5 9.4 Kamba 5 9.4 Embu 3 5.7 Maasai 3 5.7 Meru 2 3.8 Mijikenda 2 3.8 Kisii 2 3.8 Taita 1 1.9 Borana 1 1.9 Total 53 100
Senior staff EPC has 17 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luo who comprise 29.4% of the senior staff. Table 181: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at EPC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 5 29.4 Kikuyu 3 17.6 Kamba 3 17.6 Embu 2 11.8 Luhya 2 11.8 Kisii 1 5.9 Maasai 1 5.9 Total 17 100
Tana and Athi Rivers Development Authority (TARDA) The Tana and Athi River Development Authority has 382 members of staff. The majority belong to the Kikuyu community and they comprise 28.3% of the entire staff. TARDA complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 182: Ethnic profiling among staff at TARDA Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 108 28.3 Kamba 93 24.3 Pokomo 45 11.8
Kisii 43 6.3 Mijikenda 29 4.2 Meru 19 2.8 Taita 12 1.8 Borana 11 1.6 Embu 10 1.5 Maasai 6 0.9 Gabra 3 0.4 Teso 2 0.3 Turkana 2 0.3 Rendille 1 0.1 Mbeere 1 0.1 Total 685 100
Senior staff KNLS has 25 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 28.0% of the senior staff.
Table 179: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNLS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 28 Kamba 5 20 Kisii 3 12 Luhya 2 8 Kalenjin 2 8 Luo 2 8 Maasai 1 4 Teso 1 4 Embu 1 4 Meru 1 4 Total 25 100
Export Promotion Council The Export Promotion Council (EPC) was established on 19th August 1992 through Legal Notice No. 4342, with the mandate of developing and promoting Kenya’s exports. It is registered as a company limited by guarantee without share capital. This gives EPC the autonomy and flexibility to develop and implement its programmes as well as raise resources from international development partners. Export promotion Council has 53 members of staff. Export Promotion Council complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 28.3% of the staff population.
192 193
Kalenjin 24 6.3 Luo 24 6.3 Mijikenda 19 5 Meru 16 4.2 Kisii 14 3.7 Luhya 13 3.4 Maasai 10 2.6 Mbeere 6 1.6 Orma 5 1.3 Embu 2 0.5 Borana 2 0.5 Teso 1 0.3 Total 382 100
Senior staff TARDA has 14 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 50.0% of the senior staff.
Table 183: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at TARDA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 50.0 Kamba 2 14.3 Kalenjin 2 14.3 Luo 1 7.1 Luhya 1 7.1 Borana 1 7.1 Total 14 100.0
Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration Through an act of parliament in 2013 (act no.26) , the Nairobi Center for International Arbitration was established as a center for promotion of international commercial arbitration and other alternative forms of dispute resolution. It is a dispute resolution service provider.
The Centre has seven members of staff. It complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act. The largest group in the Centre’s workforce comprises of 28.6% and is drawn from the Kikuyu community.
General staff
Table 184: Ethnic Representation of staff at the Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration
Ethnic Group Number Percent Kikuyu 2 28.6 Luhya 2 28.6
193
Kisii 1 14.3 Kamba 1 14.3 Embu 1 14.3 Total 7 100.0
Senior staff
The Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration has two senior staff and both are from the Kikuyu community. Table 185: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Centre
Ethnic Group Number Percentage kikuyu 2 100 Total 2 100
National Crime Research Centre The National Crime Research Centre, a State Corporation under the Office of the Attorney General and Department of Justice, was established by an Act of Parliament, the National Crime Research Act CAP 62 Laws of Kenya. NCRC was operationalized in 2010 after its delinking from the former State Law Office. The centre strives to foster co-ordination in international and regional research, sharing information, infrastructure and mutual assistance. It offers practical cost effective solutions to crime that are geared towards improving people's lives. NCRC has 14 members of staff. The NCRC complies with the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 28.6% of the staff population Table 186: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 28.6 Kisii 3 21.4 Luhya 2 14.3 Suba 1 7.1 Kamba 1 7.1 Mijikenda 1 7.1 Kalenjin 1 7.1 Luo 1 7.1 Total 14 100
Senior staff
Kalenjin 24 6.3 Luo 24 6.3 Mijikenda 19 5 Meru 16 4.2 Kisii 14 3.7 Luhya 13 3.4 Maasai 10 2.6 Mbeere 6 1.6 Orma 5 1.3 Embu 2 0.5 Borana 2 0.5 Teso 1 0.3 Total 382 100
Senior staff TARDA has 14 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 50.0% of the senior staff.
Table 183: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at TARDA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 50.0 Kamba 2 14.3 Kalenjin 2 14.3 Luo 1 7.1 Luhya 1 7.1 Borana 1 7.1 Total 14 100.0
Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration Through an act of parliament in 2013 (act no.26) , the Nairobi Center for International Arbitration was established as a center for promotion of international commercial arbitration and other alternative forms of dispute resolution. It is a dispute resolution service provider.
The Centre has seven members of staff. It complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act. The largest group in the Centre’s workforce comprises of 28.6% and is drawn from the Kikuyu community.
General staff
Table 184: Ethnic Representation of staff at the Nairobi Centre for International Arbitration
Ethnic Group Number Percent Kikuyu 2 28.6 Luhya 2 28.6
194 195
NRC has two senior staff who are from two different communities, the Suba and the Kamba. Table 187: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCRC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Suba 1 50 Kamba 1 50 Total 2 100
Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) Established in 1954 under its own Act of Parliament Cap 445 of the Laws of Kenya, Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation is mandated to provide creative and flexible financial solutions tailored to meet your unique investment need. ICDC has 63 members of staff. ICDC complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 28.6% of the staff population. Table 188: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 18 28.6 Kalenjin 11 17.5 Kisii 8 12.7 Luo 7 11.1 Kamba 6 9.5 Luhya 5 7.9 Meru 2 3.2 Mijikenda 2 3.2 Taita 1 1.6 Embu 1 1.6 Pokomo 1 1.6 Maasai 1 1.6 Total 63 100
Senior staff ICDC has twelve senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 41.9% of the senior staff.
195
Table 189: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ICDC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 5 41.9 Kamba 1 8.3 Kisii 1 8.3 Luhya 1 8.3 Luo 1 8.3 Maasai 1 8.3 Meru 1 8.3 Taita 1 8.3 Total 12 100
National AIDs Control Council The National AIDS Control Council (NACC) was established under Section 3 of the State Corporations Act Cap 446 through the National AIDS Control Council Order, 1999 published vide Legal Notice No. 170 of 1999. NACC is a non-commercial organization mandated to provide policy and a strategic framework for mobilizing and coordinating resources for the prevention of HIV transmission and provision of care and support to the infected and affected people in Kenya. NACC has 125 employees. NACC complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 28.8% Table 190: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Number Percentage
Kikuyu 36 28.8 Luo 23 18.4
Kalenjin 17 13.6 Luhya 17 13.6
Kamba 9 7.2 Kisii 9 7.2 Meru 5 4 Somali 2 1.6 Teso 2 1.6
Kuria 1 0.8 Maasai 1 0.8 Mijikenda 1 0.8
NRC has two senior staff who are from two different communities, the Suba and the Kamba. Table 187: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCRC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Suba 1 50 Kamba 1 50 Total 2 100
Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC) Established in 1954 under its own Act of Parliament Cap 445 of the Laws of Kenya, Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation is mandated to provide creative and flexible financial solutions tailored to meet your unique investment need. ICDC has 63 members of staff. ICDC complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 28.6% of the staff population. Table 188: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 18 28.6 Kalenjin 11 17.5 Kisii 8 12.7 Luo 7 11.1 Kamba 6 9.5 Luhya 5 7.9 Meru 2 3.2 Mijikenda 2 3.2 Taita 1 1.6 Embu 1 1.6 Pokomo 1 1.6 Maasai 1 1.6 Total 63 100
Senior staff ICDC has twelve senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 41.9% of the senior staff.
196 197
Taita 1 0.8 Turkana 1 0.8 125 100
Senior staff NACC has eleven senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luo who comprise 27.2% of the senior staff.
Table 191: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 3 27.2 Kalenjin 2 18.2 Kamba 2 18.2 Kikuyu 2 18.2 Kisii 1 9.1 Teso 1 9.1 Total 11 100
Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board TheKenya Nuclear Electricity Boardis a State Corporation in the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, established under the State Corporations' Act Chapter 446of the Laws of Kenya through LegalNotice No. 131 ofof 16th November 2012. KNEB has 48 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act as it draws 29% of its staff from the Kikuyu community. Table 192: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KNEB Ethnic group Number Percentage Kikuyu 14 29 Luhya 8 17 Luo 7 15 Kalenjin 6 13 Meru 5 10 Kamba 5 10 Kisii 1 2 Samburu 1 2 Swahili 1 2 Total 48 100
197
Senior staff KNEB has eight senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu who comprise 37.5% of the senior staff. Table 193: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNEB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 37.5 Luo 2 25.0 Kalenjin 2 25.0 Luhya 1 12.5 Total 8 100
Numerical Machining Complex Numerical Machining Complex (NMC) Ltd is a Parastatal established in 1995under the Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise development. The mandate of NMC is manufacturing motor vehicle spare parts and metal-based engineering products. The company offers mechanical and engineering services to the Agricultural, Industrial and Automotive sectors in the East Africa market. NMC has 169 employees. NMC complies with the NCI Act as the Luo make up 29% Table 194: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage 1 Luo 49 29.0 2 Kikuyu 38 22.5 3 Luhya 22 13.0 4 Kalenjin 21 12.4 5 Kisii 11 6.5 6 Meru 10 5.9 7 Kamba 10 5.9 8 Mijikenda 3 1.8 9 Somali 2 1.2 10 Swahili 1 0.6 11 Taita 1 0.6 12 Suba 1 0.6 Total 169 100
Senior staff NMC has 4 senior staff who are all from different communities i.e.the Kikuyu,Luo,Meru and Kisii.
Taita 1 0.8 Turkana 1 0.8 125 100
Senior staff NACC has eleven senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luo who comprise 27.2% of the senior staff.
Table 191: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 3 27.2 Kalenjin 2 18.2 Kamba 2 18.2 Kikuyu 2 18.2 Kisii 1 9.1 Teso 1 9.1 Total 11 100
Kenya Nuclear Electricity Board TheKenya Nuclear Electricity Boardis a State Corporation in the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, established under the State Corporations' Act Chapter 446of the Laws of Kenya through LegalNotice No. 131 ofof 16th November 2012. KNEB has 48 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act as it draws 29% of its staff from the Kikuyu community. Table 192: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KNEB Ethnic group Number Percentage Kikuyu 14 29 Luhya 8 17 Luo 7 15 Kalenjin 6 13 Meru 5 10 Kamba 5 10 Kisii 1 2 Samburu 1 2 Swahili 1 2 Total 48 100
198 199
Table 195: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NMC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 1 25.0 Luo 1 25.0 Meru 1 25.0 Kisii 1 25.0 Total 4 100.0 Insurance Regulatory Authority The Insurance Regulatory Authority is a statutory government agency established under the Insurance Act (Amendment) 2006, CAP 487 of the Laws of Kenya to regulate, supervise and develop the insurance industry. It is governed by a Board of Directors which is vested with the fiduciary responsibility overseeing operations of the Authority and ensuring that they are consistent with provisions of the Insurance Act. The Authority's mandate is to regulate, supervise and develop the insurance industry in Kenya. IRA has 72 members of staff. IRA complies with the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 29.2% of the staff population Table 196: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1. Kikuyu 21 29.2 2. Luo 15 20.8 3. Kamba 9 12.5 4. Kalenjin 8 11.1 5. Luhya 7 9.7 6. Kisii 5 6.9 7. Embu 3 4.2 8. Meru 2 2.8 9. Maasai 1 1.4 10. Somali 1 1.4
Total 72 100 Senior staff
Insurance Regulatory Authority has 13 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 30.8% of the senior staff.
Table 197: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at IRA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 30.8
199
Kamba 3 23.0 Luhya 2 15.4 Kalenjin 2 15.4 Luo 1 7.7 Kisii 1 7.7 Total 13 100
KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority has 17 members of staff. KonzaTechnopolis Development Authority complies with the NCI Act as the Luo make up 29.4% Table 198: Konza Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1 Luo 5 29.4 2 Kikuyu 5 29.4 3 Luhya 3 17.6 4 Kisii 1 5.9 5 Kamba 1 5.9 6 Teso 1 5.9 7 Taita 1 5.9 Total 17 100
Sports Stadia Management Board The Sports Stadia Management Board is a parastatal whose mandate is to manage and maintain sports facilities, market the facilities for maximum utilization and revenue generation. The Sports Stadia has 129 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act with the largest group, the Kikuyu, forming 29.5% of the employees. Table 199: Ethnic composition at the Sports Stadia
Ethnic group Number Percentage Kikuyu 38 29.5 Luo 27 20.9 Luhya 15 11.6 Kalenjin 14 10.9 Kamba 13 10.1 Kisii 7 5.1 Embu 4 3.1
Table 195: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NMC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 1 25.0 Luo 1 25.0 Meru 1 25.0 Kisii 1 25.0 Total 4 100.0 Insurance Regulatory Authority The Insurance Regulatory Authority is a statutory government agency established under the Insurance Act (Amendment) 2006, CAP 487 of the Laws of Kenya to regulate, supervise and develop the insurance industry. It is governed by a Board of Directors which is vested with the fiduciary responsibility overseeing operations of the Authority and ensuring that they are consistent with provisions of the Insurance Act. The Authority's mandate is to regulate, supervise and develop the insurance industry in Kenya. IRA has 72 members of staff. IRA complies with the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 29.2% of the staff population Table 196: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1. Kikuyu 21 29.2 2. Luo 15 20.8 3. Kamba 9 12.5 4. Kalenjin 8 11.1 5. Luhya 7 9.7 6. Kisii 5 6.9 7. Embu 3 4.2 8. Meru 2 2.8 9. Maasai 1 1.4 10. Somali 1 1.4
Total 72 100 Senior staff
Insurance Regulatory Authority has 13 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 30.8% of the senior staff.
Table 197: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at IRA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 30.8
200 201
Taita 4 3.1 Meru 3 2.4 Mijikenda 3 2.4 Swahili 1 0.9 Total 129 100
Senior staff Sports Stadia Management Board has eight senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kamba which comprises 25.0% of the senior staff.
Table 200: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Sports Stadia
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 2 25.0 Kamba 2 25.0 Mijikenda 1 12.5 Kikuyu 1 12.5 Luo 1 12.5 Kalenjin 1 12.5 Totals 8 100.0
Development Bank of Kenya The bank was founded in 1963 as a non-banking financial institution with an aim to promote and develop commercially viable projects in Kenya. In 1964 it started its financing operation, converted to a commercial bank and began accepting customer deposits.
The Bank has 76 members of staff. It complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act. The largest group of employees is drawn from the Kikuyu community and it forms 30% of the entire workforce.
General staff
Table 201: Ethnic Representation among staff at DBK
Ethnic Group Number percent Kikuyu 23 30 Luo 15 20 Luhya 15 20 Kamba 6 8 Kisii 5 7 Meru 6 8 Kalenjin 4 5
201
Swahili 1 1 Taita 1 1 Total 76 100
Senior staff
Development Bank of Kenya has 14 senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 35.7% of the senior staff.
Table 202: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at DBK
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 5 35.7 kikuyu 3 21.5 Kamba 2 14.3 Luhya 2 14.3 Meru 1 7.1 Taita 1 7.1 Total 14 100.0
Water Services Trust Fund Water Services Trust Fund is mandated to assist in financing the provision of water services to areas of Kenya which are without adequate water services. The institution has 40 members of staff. The Chief executive Officer is Somali. Water Services Trust Fund complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 30% of staff population. Table 203: water Services Trust Fund Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Kikuyu 12 30 Luhya 8 20 Kamba 7 17.5 Kalenjin 4 10 Luo 3 7.5 Kenyan Somali 2 5
Meru 1 2.5 Embu 1 2.5 Gabra 1 2.5 Kisii 1 2.5 Total 40 100
Taita 4 3.1 Meru 3 2.4 Mijikenda 3 2.4 Swahili 1 0.9 Total 129 100
Senior staff Sports Stadia Management Board has eight senior staff. The largest ethnic group is Kamba which comprises 25.0% of the senior staff.
Table 200: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Sports Stadia
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 2 25.0 Kamba 2 25.0 Mijikenda 1 12.5 Kikuyu 1 12.5 Luo 1 12.5 Kalenjin 1 12.5 Totals 8 100.0
Development Bank of Kenya The bank was founded in 1963 as a non-banking financial institution with an aim to promote and develop commercially viable projects in Kenya. In 1964 it started its financing operation, converted to a commercial bank and began accepting customer deposits.
The Bank has 76 members of staff. It complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act. The largest group of employees is drawn from the Kikuyu community and it forms 30% of the entire workforce.
General staff
Table 201: Ethnic Representation among staff at DBK
Ethnic Group Number percent Kikuyu 23 30 Luo 15 20 Luhya 15 20 Kamba 6 8 Kisii 5 7 Meru 6 8 Kalenjin 4 5
202 203
Senior staff
Water Service Trust Fund has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 28.6% of the senior staff.
Table 204: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at WSTF
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 28.6 Luhya 4 28.6 Kalenjin 2 14.4 Kisii 1 7.1 Meru 1 7.1 Kenyan Somali 1 7.1 Gabra 1 7.1 Total 14 100
Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute The Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) is the National Industrial Research, Technology and Innovation Institution under the Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development. It was established in 1979 under the Science and Technology Act Cap.250, Laws of Kenya (which has since been repealed by the Science, Technology and Innovation Act, 2013), as a multidisciplinary Institution to conduct Research and Development in Industrial and Allied Technologies that have positive impact on National Development. KIRDI has 370 employees. KIRDI complies with the NCI Act as the Luo community make up 25.4% Table 205: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luo 99 30.4 Kikuyu 63 19.3 Luhya 61 18.7 Kisii 34 10.4 Kalenjin 32 9.8 Kamba 18 5.5 Meru 7 2.1 Taita 3 0.9 Teso 3 0.9 Kenyan Somali 2 0.6
Maasai 2 0.6
203
Mijikenda 1 0.3 Mbeere 1 0.3 Total 326 100
Senior staff KIRDI has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 29.0% of the senior staff. Table 206: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KIRDI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 29 Luo 4 29 Kisii 2 14 Luhya 2 14 Mbeere 1 7 Meru 1 7 Total 14 100
Sacco Society Regulatory Authority The Sacco Societies Regulatory Authority (SASRA) is a statutory state corporation established under the Sacco Societies Act (Cap 490B) of the Laws of Kenya (the Act) which came into full operation upon the gazettement of the Sacco Societies (Deposit-taking Sacco Business) Regulations, 2010 (the Regulations 2010) on 18th June 2010. The principal mandate of the Authority under the Act as read with the aforesaid Regulations, 2010 has been to license Sacco Societies to undertake deposit-taking Sacco business in Kenya (popularly known as Front Office Service Activity or FOSA), and to supervise and regulate such Sacco Societies in Kenya among other things. SASRA has 72 members of staff. The majority belong to the Kikuyu community and they make up 30.6% of the entire staff. SASRA complies with the NCI Act which requires that no public establishment should have more than one third of its staff from one ethnic group. Table 207: Staff ethnic balancing at SASRA Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Luo 22 30.6 Kikuyu 13 18.1 Kamba 9 12.5 Luhya 7 9.7 Kalenjin 7 9.7 Meru 5 6.9 Kisii 4 5.6
Senior staff
Water Service Trust Fund has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 28.6% of the senior staff.
Table 204: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at WSTF
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 28.6 Luhya 4 28.6 Kalenjin 2 14.4 Kisii 1 7.1 Meru 1 7.1 Kenyan Somali 1 7.1 Gabra 1 7.1 Total 14 100
Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute The Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI) is the National Industrial Research, Technology and Innovation Institution under the Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development. It was established in 1979 under the Science and Technology Act Cap.250, Laws of Kenya (which has since been repealed by the Science, Technology and Innovation Act, 2013), as a multidisciplinary Institution to conduct Research and Development in Industrial and Allied Technologies that have positive impact on National Development. KIRDI has 370 employees. KIRDI complies with the NCI Act as the Luo community make up 25.4% Table 205: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luo 99 30.4 Kikuyu 63 19.3 Luhya 61 18.7 Kisii 34 10.4 Kalenjin 32 9.8 Kamba 18 5.5 Meru 7 2.1 Taita 3 0.9 Teso 3 0.9 Kenyan Somali 2 0.6
Maasai 2 0.6
204 205
Suba 1 1.4 Taita 1 1.4 Embu 1 1.4 Rendille 1 1.4 Pokot 1 1.4 Total 72 100
Senior staff
SASRA has eight senior staffmembers. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 37.5% of the senior staff. Table 208: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at SASRA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 3 37.5 Kikuyu 2 25.0 Luhya 2 25.0 Kamba 1 12.5 Total 8 100
Kenya Revenue Authority The Kenya Revenue Authority is mandated to collect all revenue on behalf of the government.The institution has 4442 members of staff. KRA complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 30.6% of staff. Worth noting is the inclusion of minority communities such as the Ilchamus, Njemps and the Burji. However, there is a huge gap between the first and second communities (17.6%). Table 209: KRA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 1361 30.6 Luhya 581 13.1 Luo 552 12.4 Kamba 493 11.1 Kisii 385 8.7 Kalenjin 365 8.2 Meru 215 4.8 Mijikenda 141 3.1 Taita 108 2.4 Embu 57 1.3 Kenyan Somali 40 0.9 Maasai 42 0.9
205
Swahili 16 0.3 Suba 14 0.3 Teso 13 0.3 Samburu 7 0.2 Kenyan Arabs 9 0.2 Mbeere 9 0.2 Nubi 4 0.1 Taveta 3 0.1 Turkana 4 0.1 Borana 3 0.1 Burji 3 0.1 Kuria 4 0.1 Ilchamus 2 0 Njemps 2 0 Orma 1 0 Rendille 1 0 Kenyan Asians 1 0 Total 4442 100
Senior staff KRA has 191 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 33.5% of the senior staff.
Table 210: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KRA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 64 33.5 Luo 28 14.7 Luhya 26 13.6 Kamba 20 10.5 Kisii 20 10.5 Kalenjin 15 7.9 Meru 8 4.2 Embu 2 1.0 Taita 2 1.0 Suba 1 0.5 Mbeere 1 0.5 Samburu 1 0.5 Mijikenda 1 0.5 Somali 1 0.5
Suba 1 1.4 Taita 1 1.4 Embu 1 1.4 Rendille 1 1.4 Pokot 1 1.4 Total 72 100
Senior staff
SASRA has eight senior staffmembers. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 37.5% of the senior staff. Table 208: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at SASRA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 3 37.5 Kikuyu 2 25.0 Luhya 2 25.0 Kamba 1 12.5 Total 8 100
Kenya Revenue Authority The Kenya Revenue Authority is mandated to collect all revenue on behalf of the government.The institution has 4442 members of staff. KRA complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 30.6% of staff. Worth noting is the inclusion of minority communities such as the Ilchamus, Njemps and the Burji. However, there is a huge gap between the first and second communities (17.6%). Table 209: KRA Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 1361 30.6 Luhya 581 13.1 Luo 552 12.4 Kamba 493 11.1 Kisii 385 8.7 Kalenjin 365 8.2 Meru 215 4.8 Mijikenda 141 3.1 Taita 108 2.4 Embu 57 1.3 Kenyan Somali 40 0.9 Maasai 42 0.9
206 207
Kenyan Arab 1 0.5 Total 191 100.0
Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service is a state Corporation in the Agricultural Sector, established under the Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service Act of 2011. It was established as a regulatory body for the protection of plants, seeds and plant varieties, as well as agricultural produce. Hence, KEPHIS seeks to assure the quality of agricultural inputs and produce to prevent adverse impact on the economy, the environment and human health. KEPHIS has 414 employees. KEPHIS complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu, who are the highest number among the staff, make up 30.9%. However, there is a huge gap between the first and second communities, of about 15.2%. Table 211: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 128 30.9 Luhya 65 15.7 Kalenjin 54 13 Kamba 54 13 Kisii 36 8.7 Luo 33 8 Meru 15 3.6 Embu 12 2.9 Mijikenda 5 1.2 Taita 4 1 Maasai 4 1 Teso 3 0.7 Borana 1 0.2 Total 414 100
Senior staff KEPHIS has 22 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 32.0% of the senior staff. Table 212: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEPHIS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 32 Kalenjin 4 18
207
Luhya 4 18 Kisii 3 14 Embu 2 9 Luo 2 9 TOTAL 22 100
Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority (UFAA) The Unclaimed Financial Assets Authority is an Authority created under the Unclaimed Financial Assets Act, No. 40 of 2011 to administer unclaimed financial assets. The primary mandate of the Authority is to receive unclaimed financial assets from the holders of such assets, safeguard and re-unite the assets with their rightful owners. UFAA has 32 staff members and complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Its largest number of employees belongs to the Kikuyu community and forms 31.3%. Table 213: Ethnic Representation among Staff at UFAA Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 10 31.3 Luhya 6 18.8 Kalenjin 5 15.6 Luo 4 12.5 Kamba 3 9.4 Embu 2 6.3 Meru 1 3.1 Somali 1 3.1 Total 32 100.0
Senior staff
UFAA has eight senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 50.0% of the senior staff. Table 214: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at UFAA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 4 50.0 Kikuyu 2 25.0 Other Kenyan 1 12.5 Kalenjin 1 12.5 Total 8 100
Kenyan Arab 1 0.5 Total 191 100.0
Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service (KEPHIS) Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service is a state Corporation in the Agricultural Sector, established under the Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Service Act of 2011. It was established as a regulatory body for the protection of plants, seeds and plant varieties, as well as agricultural produce. Hence, KEPHIS seeks to assure the quality of agricultural inputs and produce to prevent adverse impact on the economy, the environment and human health. KEPHIS has 414 employees. KEPHIS complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu, who are the highest number among the staff, make up 30.9%. However, there is a huge gap between the first and second communities, of about 15.2%. Table 211: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 128 30.9 Luhya 65 15.7 Kalenjin 54 13 Kamba 54 13 Kisii 36 8.7 Luo 33 8 Meru 15 3.6 Embu 12 2.9 Mijikenda 5 1.2 Taita 4 1 Maasai 4 1 Teso 3 0.7 Borana 1 0.2 Total 414 100
Senior staff KEPHIS has 22 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 32.0% of the senior staff. Table 212: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEPHIS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 7 32 Kalenjin 4 18
208 209
Commission for University Education The Commission for University Education (CUE) was established under the Universities Act, No. 42 of 2012, as the successor to the Commission for Higher Education. It is the Government agency mandated to regulate university education in Kenya. CUE has 69 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act sine majority of its employees who are from the Kikuyu community form only 31.9% of the entire workforce. Table 215: Ethnic Profiling of Staff at CUE Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 22 31.9 Luhya 11 15.9 Luo 9 13 Kamba 8 11.6 Meru 7 10.1 Kalenjin 6 8.7 Embu 3 4.3 Maasai 2 2.9 Kisii 1 1.4 Total 69 100
Senior staff CUE has eight senior staffmembers. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 37.5% of the senior staff. Table 216: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CUE
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 3 37.5 Kamba 2 25.0 Luhya 2 25.0 Kalenjin 1 12.5 Total 8 100
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization KALRO is a corporate body created under the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Act of 2013 to establish suitable legal and institutional framework for coordination of agricultural research in Kenya. Its formation was aimed at restructuring agricultural and livestock research into a dynamic, innovative, responsive and well-coordinated system driven by a common vision and goal.
209
KALRO has 3230 employees. KALRO complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu, the largest community make up 32.1%. There is a huge gap between the first and second community groups (15.3%). Worth noting, however, is the inclusion of minority communities such as the Nubian Table 217: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 1036 32.1 Luhya 547 16.9 Kamba 296 9.2 Kalenjin 296 9.2 Luo 286 8.9 Kisii 245 7.6 Meru 145 4.5 Embu 110 3.4 Mijikenda 71 2.2 Teso 53 1.6 Taita 28 0.9 Kenyan Somali 21 0.7
Borana 20 0.6 Samburu 16 0.5 Gabra 17 0.5 Maasai 17 0.5 Burji 5 0.2 Rendille 6 0.2 Nubi 2 0.1 Taveta 4 0.1 Turkana 3 0.1 Kuria 4 0.1 Tharaka 1 0 Swahili 1 0 Kenyan Asians 1 0
Total 3230 100 Senior staff KALRO has 64 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 35.9% of the senior staff.
Commission for University Education The Commission for University Education (CUE) was established under the Universities Act, No. 42 of 2012, as the successor to the Commission for Higher Education. It is the Government agency mandated to regulate university education in Kenya. CUE has 69 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act sine majority of its employees who are from the Kikuyu community form only 31.9% of the entire workforce. Table 215: Ethnic Profiling of Staff at CUE Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 22 31.9 Luhya 11 15.9 Luo 9 13 Kamba 8 11.6 Meru 7 10.1 Kalenjin 6 8.7 Embu 3 4.3 Maasai 2 2.9 Kisii 1 1.4 Total 69 100
Senior staff CUE has eight senior staffmembers. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 37.5% of the senior staff. Table 216: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CUE
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 3 37.5 Kamba 2 25.0 Luhya 2 25.0 Kalenjin 1 12.5 Total 8 100
Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization KALRO is a corporate body created under the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Act of 2013 to establish suitable legal and institutional framework for coordination of agricultural research in Kenya. Its formation was aimed at restructuring agricultural and livestock research into a dynamic, innovative, responsive and well-coordinated system driven by a common vision and goal.
210 211
Table 218: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KALRO
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 23 35.9 Luhya 13 20.3 Kalenjin 9 14.1 Meru 6 9.4 Luo 4 6.3 Kisii 3 4.7 Kamba 2 3.1 Gabra 1 1.6 Taita 1 1.6 Taveta 1 1.6 Samburu 1 1.6 Total 64 100.0
Privatization Commission The Privatization Commission complies with the stipulation of Section 7 (2) of the NCI Act because the highest ethnic group among its staff who are drawn from the Kikuyu community form 32.1%. Table 219: Ethnic Composition among staff at the Privatization Commission Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 9 32.1 Kamba 7 25 Luo 5 17.9 Luhya 2 7.1 Kalenjin 2 7.1 Meru 1 3.6 Embu 1 3.6 Kisii 1 3.6 Total 28 100
Senior staff Privitazation Commission has two senior staff who are from the Kamba and Luhya commuities.
Table 220: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Privatization Commission
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kamba 1 50.0 Luhya 1 50.0 Total 2 100
211
Kenya Forestry Research Institute The Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI) is a state corporation established in 1986 and mandated to undertake research in forestry and allied natural resources. The institute conducts research and development activities under five thematic areas namely: Forest productivity and Improvement; Biodiversity and Environment Management; Forest Products Development; Social-economics, Policy and Governance and Technical Support Services. Kenya Forestry Research Institute has 967 members of staff. KEFRI complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 32.3% Table 221: KEFRI Staff Distribution by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage
Kikuyu 312 32.3 Luo 202 20.9 Luhya 118 12.2 Kamba 108 11.2 Kalenjin 76 7.9 Kisii 60 6.2 Mijikenda 29 3.0 Meru 15 1.6 Borana 11 1.1 Taita 10 1.0 Suba 5 0.5 Teso 5 0.5 Embu 4 0.4 Somali 4 0.4 Maasai 3 0.3 Turkana 3 0.3 Orma 1 0.1 Samburu 1 0.1 TOTAL 967 100 Senior staff KEFRI has 51 senior staffmembers. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 33.0% of the senior staff. Table 222: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEFRI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 17 33 Luo 11 22
Table 218: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KALRO
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 23 35.9 Luhya 13 20.3 Kalenjin 9 14.1 Meru 6 9.4 Luo 4 6.3 Kisii 3 4.7 Kamba 2 3.1 Gabra 1 1.6 Taita 1 1.6 Taveta 1 1.6 Samburu 1 1.6 Total 64 100.0
Privatization Commission The Privatization Commission complies with the stipulation of Section 7 (2) of the NCI Act because the highest ethnic group among its staff who are drawn from the Kikuyu community form 32.1%. Table 219: Ethnic Composition among staff at the Privatization Commission Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 9 32.1 Kamba 7 25 Luo 5 17.9 Luhya 2 7.1 Kalenjin 2 7.1 Meru 1 3.6 Embu 1 3.6 Kisii 1 3.6 Total 28 100
Senior staff Privitazation Commission has two senior staff who are from the Kamba and Luhya commuities.
Table 220: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Privatization Commission
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kamba 1 50.0 Luhya 1 50.0 Total 2 100
212 213
Kalenjin 6 11 Kisii 5 10 Luhya 4 8 Kamba 3 6 Taita 2 4 Meru 1 2 Teso 1 2 Borana 1 2 Total 51 100.0
Kenya University and College Central Placement Service The Kenya university and college central placement service is a state Corporation under Section 55 of the Universities Act No. 42 of 2012 with its functions being to, among others co-ordinate the placement of Government Sponsored Students to Universities and Colleges.
The Service has 34 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act since the biggest number of employees does not exceed the 33.3% threshold stipulated in Article 7(2). 32.4% of the employees belong to the Kikuyu community.
General staff
Table 223: Ethnic Representation among staff at KUCCPS
Ethnic Group frequency percentage Kikuyu 11 32.4 Luhya 5 14.7 Luo 4 11.8 Kisii 4 11.8 Kamba 3 8.8 Embu 3 8.8 Meru 1 3 Nandi 1 3 Suba 1 3 Mijikenda 1 3 Total 34 100 Senior staff KUCCPS has five senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 80% of the senior staff. Table 224: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KUCCPS
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 4 80
213
Kisii 1 20 Total 5 100
Kenya Water Institute Established under the KEWI ACT (No.11 of 2001), the Institute is a semi-autonomous corporate body serving the entire water sector in Kenya. The Applied Water Research (AWR) department was merged with Training department to form the new KEWI in 2003. KEWI is mandated to offer first class training, research, consultancy and outreach services in the water, sanitation, irrigation and related Sectors for sustainable development. KEWI has 102 employees. KEWI complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 32.4% of the workforce. Table 225: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage 1 Kikuyu 33 32.4 2 Kamba 23 22.5 3 Luhya 13 12.7 4 Luo 12 11.8 5 Meru 7 6.9 6 Kisii 6 5.9 7 Mijikenda 4 3.9 8 Kalenjin 3 2.9 9 Samburu 1 1.0 Total 102 100
Senior staff KEWI has 9 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kamba which comprises 22.2% of the senior staff. Table 226: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEWI
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kamba 2 22.2 Kikuyu 3 33.3 Luo 1 11.2 Luhya 2 22.2 kalenjin 1 11.1 Total 9 100.0
Consolidated Bank of Kenya Limited Consolidated Bank of Kenya Limited was incorporated on 7th December, 1989. This was in an effort to stabilize the financial sector through the acquisition of nine insolvent
Kalenjin 6 11 Kisii 5 10 Luhya 4 8 Kamba 3 6 Taita 2 4 Meru 1 2 Teso 1 2 Borana 1 2 Total 51 100.0
Kenya University and College Central Placement Service The Kenya university and college central placement service is a state Corporation under Section 55 of the Universities Act No. 42 of 2012 with its functions being to, among others co-ordinate the placement of Government Sponsored Students to Universities and Colleges.
The Service has 34 members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act since the biggest number of employees does not exceed the 33.3% threshold stipulated in Article 7(2). 32.4% of the employees belong to the Kikuyu community.
General staff
Table 223: Ethnic Representation among staff at KUCCPS
Ethnic Group frequency percentage Kikuyu 11 32.4 Luhya 5 14.7 Luo 4 11.8 Kisii 4 11.8 Kamba 3 8.8 Embu 3 8.8 Meru 1 3 Nandi 1 3 Suba 1 3 Mijikenda 1 3 Total 34 100 Senior staff KUCCPS has five senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 80% of the senior staff. Table 224: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KUCCPS
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 4 80
214 215
institutions and thereafter restructuring them into a viable, professionally run commercial bank. Consolidated bank has 274 employees. Consolidated Bank complies with the NCI Act since the majority of its employees who belong to the Kikuyu community form 32.4%. Table 227: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 91 32.4 Luhya 34 12.1 Kamba 30 10.7 Kalenjin 29 10.3 Luo 27 9.6 Meru 21 7.5 Kisii 10 3.6 Maasai 5 1.8 Taita 6 2.1 Embu 6 2.1 Mijikenda 5 1.8 Borana 4 1.4 Teso 4 1.4 Samburu 2 0.7 Swahili 2 0.7 Somali 1 0.4 Gabra 4 1.4 Total 281 100.0
Senior staff Consolidated bank of Kenya Ltd has 46 senior staffmembers. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 26.1% of the senior staff. Table 228: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CBK
Ethnic group
Frequency Percentage
1 Kikuyu 12 26.1 2 Luhya 9 19.6 3 Samburu 8 17.3 4 Kamba 6 13.0 5 Kuria 6 13.0 6 Luo 1 2.2 7 Maasai 1 2.2 8 Mijikenda 1 2.2
215
9 Kalenjin 1 2.2 10 Taveta 1 2.2 Total 46 100 Kengen The company was founded on February 1, 1954 as Kenya Power Company (KPC) and was commissioned to construct the transmission line between Nairobi and Tororo in Uganda. It is the largest power producing company in Kenya producing about 72%[1] of the electricity consumed in the country.
KENGEN has 2,411 members of staff. 32.5% of these staffs belong to the Kikuyu ethnic group. KENGEN complies with section 7(2) of the NCI Act.
General staff
Table 229: Ethnic Representation among staff at KENGEN
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 784 32.5 Luo 360 14.9 Kalenjin 342 14.2 Kamba 221 9.2 Luhya 215 8.9 Kisii 114 4.7 Maasai 73 3.0 Meru 72 3.0 Mijikenda 48 2.0 Taita 48 2.0 Somali 40 1.7 Embu 25 1.0 Mbeere 15 0.6 Pokot 14 0.6 Swahili 13 0.5 Turkana 11 0.5 Bajun 6 0.2 Arab 3 0.1 Teso 3 0.1 Suba 2 0.1 Kuria 1 0.04 Taveta 1 0.04 Total 2411 100.0
institutions and thereafter restructuring them into a viable, professionally run commercial bank. Consolidated bank has 274 employees. Consolidated Bank complies with the NCI Act since the majority of its employees who belong to the Kikuyu community form 32.4%. Table 227: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 91 32.4 Luhya 34 12.1 Kamba 30 10.7 Kalenjin 29 10.3 Luo 27 9.6 Meru 21 7.5 Kisii 10 3.6 Maasai 5 1.8 Taita 6 2.1 Embu 6 2.1 Mijikenda 5 1.8 Borana 4 1.4 Teso 4 1.4 Samburu 2 0.7 Swahili 2 0.7 Somali 1 0.4 Gabra 4 1.4 Total 281 100.0
Senior staff Consolidated bank of Kenya Ltd has 46 senior staffmembers. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 26.1% of the senior staff. Table 228: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CBK
Ethnic group
Frequency Percentage
1 Kikuyu 12 26.1 2 Luhya 9 19.6 3 Samburu 8 17.3 4 Kamba 6 13.0 5 Kuria 6 13.0 6 Luo 1 2.2 7 Maasai 1 2.2 8 Mijikenda 1 2.2
216 217
Senior staff
KENGEN has 4 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 36.4% of the senior staff. Table 230: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KENGEN
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 16 36.4 Luo 9 20.5 Kalenjin 8 18.2 Kamba 3 6.8 Kisii 3 6.8 Embu 2 4.5 Mijikenda 1 2.3 Luhya 1 2.3 Swahili 1 2.3 Total 44 100.0
National Transport and Safety Association The National Transport and safety Authority (NTSA) was established through an Act of Parliament; Act Number 33 on 26th October 2012. The objective of forming the Authority is to harmonize the operations of the key road transport departments and help in effectively managing the road transport sub-sector and minimizing loss of lives through road accidents. NTSA has 536 members of staff. NTSA complies with the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 32.5% of the staff population Table 231: Ethnic distribution of NTSA staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1. Kikuyu 174 32.5 2. Kamba 65 12.1 3. Kalenjin 54 10 4. Luo 52 9.7 5. Luhya 46 8.6 6. Kisii 34 6.3 7. Maasai 30 5.6 8. Somali 18 3.2 9. Meru 13 2.4 10. Mijikenda 13 2.1 11. Taita 10 1.9 12. Embu 9 1.7 13. Borana 4 0.7
217
14. Samburu 3 0.6 15. Other Kenyan 2 0.4 16. Turkana 2 0.4 17. Arab 1 0.2 18. Luhya 1 0.2 19. Kuria 1 0.2 20. Mbeere 1 0.2 21. Nubian 1 0.2 22. Rendille 1 0.2 23. Teso 1 0.2
Total 536 100 Senior staff NTSA has 24 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 41.7% of the senior staff. Table 232: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NTSA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 10 41.7 Luhya 4 16.7 Luo 2 8.3 Kalenjin 2 8.3 Maasai 1 4.2 Kamba 1 4.2 Kisii 1 4.2 Mijikenda 1 4.2 Somali 1 4.2 Samburu 1 4.2 Total 24 100.0
Kenya Dairy Board The Kenya Dairy Board was established through an Act of Parliament, the Dairy Industry Act, Cap 336 of the Laws of Kenya in 1958. The Board is mandated to develop and promote the dairy industry in Kenya through marketing, distribution and supply of dairy produce. Kenya Dairy Board has 1052 members of staff. Kenya Dairy Board complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu, the majority make up 32.6% of the staff population Table 113: Ethnic distribution of KDB staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1. Kikuyu 343 32.6
Senior staff
KENGEN has 4 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 36.4% of the senior staff. Table 230: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KENGEN
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 16 36.4 Luo 9 20.5 Kalenjin 8 18.2 Kamba 3 6.8 Kisii 3 6.8 Embu 2 4.5 Mijikenda 1 2.3 Luhya 1 2.3 Swahili 1 2.3 Total 44 100.0
National Transport and Safety Association The National Transport and safety Authority (NTSA) was established through an Act of Parliament; Act Number 33 on 26th October 2012. The objective of forming the Authority is to harmonize the operations of the key road transport departments and help in effectively managing the road transport sub-sector and minimizing loss of lives through road accidents. NTSA has 536 members of staff. NTSA complies with the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 32.5% of the staff population Table 231: Ethnic distribution of NTSA staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage
1. Kikuyu 174 32.5 2. Kamba 65 12.1 3. Kalenjin 54 10 4. Luo 52 9.7 5. Luhya 46 8.6 6. Kisii 34 6.3 7. Maasai 30 5.6 8. Somali 18 3.2 9. Meru 13 2.4 10. Mijikenda 13 2.1 11. Taita 10 1.9 12. Embu 9 1.7 13. Borana 4 0.7
218 219
2. Luo 205 19.5 3. Luhya 133 12.6 4. Kamba 111 10.6 5. Kalenjin 97 9.2 6. Kisii 64 6.1 7. Mijikenda 29 2.3 8. Borana 17 1.6 9. Meru 14 1.3 10. Maasai 9 0.9 11. Taita 9 0.9 12. Embu 8 0.8 13. Swahili 3 0.3 14. Teso 3 0.3 15. Samburu 2 0.2 16. Suba 2 0.2 17. Turkana 2 0.2 18. Somali 1 0.1
Total 1052 100
Senior staff
KDB has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 64.0% of the senior staff.
Table 233: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KDB
National Council for Science, Technology and Innovation NACOSTI has 49 employees. The majority, who belong to the Kikuyu community, form 32.7%of the staffs. As a result, NACOSTI complies with the stipulation in the NCI Act that any public establishment shall not have more than one third of its staff from one ethnic group.
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 9 64 Kamba 3 21 Luo 1 7 Kalenjin 1 7 Total 14 100
219
Table 234: Ethnic Composition among staff at NACOSTI Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Kikuyu 16 32.7 Luo 8 16.3 Luhya 6 12.2 Kisii 6 12.2 Meru 4 8.2 Kalenjin 4 8.2 Teso 1 2 Embu 1 2 Kenyan Somali 1 2
Kamba 1 2 Pokot 1 2 Total 49 100
Senior staff
NACOSTI has eleven senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 36.4% of the senior staff. Table 235: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACOSTI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 36.4 Luhya 3 27.3 Kalenjin 2 18.1 Luo 1 9.1 Kenyan Somali 1 9.1 Total 11 100
Kenya Institute of Special Education Kenya Institute of Special Education (KISE) is a semi-autonomous government agency of the Ministry of Education, Kenya. It was established through a Legal Notice No. 17 of 14th February 1986. The Institute is currently run by a council appointed by the Minister for Education. The Head of the Institute is the Director who is also the Secretary to the Council. KISE is mandated to carry out several core functions, including implementing government policies in the areas of special needs and disabilities. KISE has 211 members of staff.KISE has complied with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 32.7% of the employees.
2. Luo 205 19.5 3. Luhya 133 12.6 4. Kamba 111 10.6 5. Kalenjin 97 9.2 6. Kisii 64 6.1 7. Mijikenda 29 2.3 8. Borana 17 1.6 9. Meru 14 1.3 10. Maasai 9 0.9 11. Taita 9 0.9 12. Embu 8 0.8 13. Swahili 3 0.3 14. Teso 3 0.3 15. Samburu 2 0.2 16. Suba 2 0.2 17. Turkana 2 0.2 18. Somali 1 0.1
Total 1052 100
Senior staff
KDB has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 64.0% of the senior staff.
Table 233: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KDB
National Council for Science, Technology and Innovation NACOSTI has 49 employees. The majority, who belong to the Kikuyu community, form 32.7%of the staffs. As a result, NACOSTI complies with the stipulation in the NCI Act that any public establishment shall not have more than one third of its staff from one ethnic group.
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 9 64 Kamba 3 21 Luo 1 7 Kalenjin 1 7 Total 14 100
220 221
Table 236: Ethnic Staff Distribution at KISE Ethnic Group Number Percentage 1 Kikuyu 69 32.7 2 Luhya 36 17.0 3 Luo 35 16.5 4 Kamba 21 9.5 5 Kalenjin 13 6.6 6 Meru 11 5.2 7 Kisii 8 3.8 8 Mbeere 5 2.4 9 Mijikenda 3 1.4 10 Embu 3 1.4 11 Maasai 2 1.0 12 Taita 2 1.0 13 Samburu 2 1.0 14 Borana 1 0.5 TOTAL 211 100
Senior staff KISE has 48 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 31.3% of the senior staff. Table 237: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KISE
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 15 31.3 Kamba 8 16.6 Luo 5 10.3 Meru 5 10.3 Kisii 3 6.3 Mijikenda 2 4.2 Kalenjin 2 4.2 Luhya 2 4.2 Maasai 2 4.2 Borana 1 2.1 Embu 1 2.1 Taita 1 2.1 Samburu 1 2.1 Total 48 100
221
National Cereals and Produce Board In 1979, the Government established the National Cereals and Produce Board (NCPB) by merging the Maize and Produce Board with the Wheat Board of Kenya in order to streamline the management, handling and marketing of all grains. The NCPB Act, Cap.338, that made NCPB a corporate body, was enacted in 1985. Under the Act, the Board was given monopoly powers to purchase, store, market and generally manage cereal grains and other produce in Kenya. NCPB has 972 employees. NCPB complies with the NCI Act as the Kalenjin are 32.8% of the total employees. Table 238: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage 1 Kalenjin 319 32.8 2 Luhya 135 13.9 3 Kikuyu 131 13.5 4 Kisii 100 10.3 5 Kamba 92 9.5 6 Luo 83 8.5 7 Meru 35 3.6 8 Taita 26 2.7 9 Mijiknda 15 1.5 10 Somali 14 1.4 11 Maasai 13 1.3 12 Mbeere 3 0.3 13 Kuria 2 0.2 14 Teso 2 0.2 15 Embu 1 0.1 16 Nubian 1 0.1 Total 972 100
Senior staff NCPB has 64 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 45.3% of the senior staff. Table 239: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCPB
Ethnic Group Number percentage Kalenjin 29 45.3 Kamba 8 12.5 Mijikenda 5 7.8 Kisii 5 7.8 Kikuyu 4 6.3
Table 236: Ethnic Staff Distribution at KISE Ethnic Group Number Percentage 1 Kikuyu 69 32.7 2 Luhya 36 17.0 3 Luo 35 16.5 4 Kamba 21 9.5 5 Kalenjin 13 6.6 6 Meru 11 5.2 7 Kisii 8 3.8 8 Mbeere 5 2.4 9 Mijikenda 3 1.4 10 Embu 3 1.4 11 Maasai 2 1.0 12 Taita 2 1.0 13 Samburu 2 1.0 14 Borana 1 0.5 TOTAL 211 100
Senior staff KISE has 48 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 31.3% of the senior staff. Table 237: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KISE
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 15 31.3 Kamba 8 16.6 Luo 5 10.3 Meru 5 10.3 Kisii 3 6.3 Mijikenda 2 4.2 Kalenjin 2 4.2 Luhya 2 4.2 Maasai 2 4.2 Borana 1 2.1 Embu 1 2.1 Taita 1 2.1 Samburu 1 2.1 Total 48 100
222 223
Luhya 3 4.7 Luo 3 4.7 Meru 3 4.7 Somali 2 3.1 Maasai 1 1.6 Taita 1 1.6 Total 64 100.0
Kenya National Hospital The Kenya National Hospital has 4,541 members of staff. Most of KNH’s employees come from the Kikuyu community. They form 32.9% of the staff. Consequently, KNH complies with the provisions of the NCI Act. Table 240: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KNH Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 1494 32.9 Luhya 535 11.8 Kamba 530 11.7 Luo 529 11.6 Meru 464 10.2 Kisii 362 8 Kalenjin 332 7.3 Embu 77 1.7 Taita 48 1.1 Mijikenda 34 0.7 Teso 25 0.6 Borana 29 0.6 Maasai 21 0.5 Samburu 18 0.4 Kuria 12 0.3 Taveta 7 0.2 Turkana 3 0.1
Kenyan Somali 6 0.1
Kenyan Arabs 4 0.1
Nubi 2 0 Tharaka 2 0 Swahili 1 0 Gabra 2 0 Rendille 1 0 Sakuye 1 0
223
Kenyan Asians 2 0
Total 4541 100 Senior staff KNH has 56 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 39.3% of the senior staff. Table 241: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNH Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 22 39.3 Luo 12 21.4 Luhya 8 14.3 Kisii 4 7.1 Meru 4 7.1 Kamba 3 5.4 Kalenjin 2 3.6 Teso 1 1.8 Total 56 100.0
Kenya Yearbook The Kenya YearBook has 27 employees. Majority of them belong to the Kikuyu community and form 33.3% of the staff. Thus, Kenya Yearbook complies with the NCI Act. However, it is on the edge of the provision and it should exercise caution lest it supersedes the threshold. Table 242: Ethnic composition of staff at the Kenya Yearbook Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Kikuyu 9 33.3 Luhya 4 14.8 Kalenjin 3 11.1 Kamba 3 11.1 Luo 3 11.1 Meru 2 7.4 Kisii 2 7.4 Pokot 1 3.7 Total 27 100
Senior staff Kenya Yearbook has 5 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 40.0% of the senior staff.
Luhya 3 4.7 Luo 3 4.7 Meru 3 4.7 Somali 2 3.1 Maasai 1 1.6 Taita 1 1.6 Total 64 100.0
Kenya National Hospital The Kenya National Hospital has 4,541 members of staff. Most of KNH’s employees come from the Kikuyu community. They form 32.9% of the staff. Consequently, KNH complies with the provisions of the NCI Act. Table 240: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KNH Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 1494 32.9 Luhya 535 11.8 Kamba 530 11.7 Luo 529 11.6 Meru 464 10.2 Kisii 362 8 Kalenjin 332 7.3 Embu 77 1.7 Taita 48 1.1 Mijikenda 34 0.7 Teso 25 0.6 Borana 29 0.6 Maasai 21 0.5 Samburu 18 0.4 Kuria 12 0.3 Taveta 7 0.2 Turkana 3 0.1
Kenyan Somali 6 0.1
Kenyan Arabs 4 0.1
Nubi 2 0 Tharaka 2 0 Swahili 1 0 Gabra 2 0 Rendille 1 0 Sakuye 1 0
224 225
Table 243: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Kenya Yearbook
ethnic frequency percentage kikuyu 2 40% kisii 1 20% luo 1 20% bukusu 1 20% total 5 100%
National Council for Children’s Services The National Council for Children’s Services has 15 members of staff. The majority of this staff are drawn from the Kikuyu community and comprise 33.3%. NCCS is at the verge of compliance but does not contravene the NCI Act. Table 244: Ethnic profiling of staff at the NCCS
Ethnic Group Frequency
Percent
Kikuyu 5 33.3 Kamba 3 20 Meru 2 13.3 Kisii 2 13.3 Luhya 1 6.7 Kalenjin 1 6.7
Kenyan Somali 1 6.7
Total 15 100 Senior staff CCS has 4 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 50% of the senior staff.
Table 245: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCCS Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 2 50 Kamba 1 25 Kalenjin 1 25 Total 4 100
Industrial Property Tribunal The Industrial Property Tribunal has six members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act as the majority of staff form 33.3% of the entire staffing. These staffs belong to the Kikuyu community.
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Table 246: Composition of Staff at IPI by ethnicity Ethnic Group
Frequency Percent
Kikuyu 2 33.3 Teso 1 16.7 Kalenjin 1 16.7 Kisii 1 16.7 Luo 1 16.7 Total 6 100
Senior staff IPI has one seior staff who belongs to the Kikuyu ethic group. Table 247: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at IPI
Ethnic group number percentage kikuyu 1 100
Kenya Film Commission The Kenya Film Commission has 24 employees. Most of them hail from the Kikuyu community and they form 33.3% of the entire employee population. As a result, the Kenya Film Commission complies with the NCI Act. Table 248: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Kenya Film Commission Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Kikuyu 8 33.3 Luhya 5 20.8 Kalenjin 4 16.7 Kamba 3 12.5 Luo 3 12.5 Borana 1 4.2 Total 24 100
Senior staff KFC has 7 members of seior management. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 57% of the senior staff. Table 249: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KFC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 57 Kalenjin 2 29
Table 243: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Kenya Yearbook
ethnic frequency percentage kikuyu 2 40% kisii 1 20% luo 1 20% bukusu 1 20% total 5 100%
National Council for Children’s Services The National Council for Children’s Services has 15 members of staff. The majority of this staff are drawn from the Kikuyu community and comprise 33.3%. NCCS is at the verge of compliance but does not contravene the NCI Act. Table 244: Ethnic profiling of staff at the NCCS
Ethnic Group Frequency
Percent
Kikuyu 5 33.3 Kamba 3 20 Meru 2 13.3 Kisii 2 13.3 Luhya 1 6.7 Kalenjin 1 6.7
Kenyan Somali 1 6.7
Total 15 100 Senior staff CCS has 4 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 50% of the senior staff.
Table 245: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NCCS Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 2 50 Kamba 1 25 Kalenjin 1 25 Total 4 100
Industrial Property Tribunal The Industrial Property Tribunal has six members of staff. It complies with the NCI Act as the majority of staff form 33.3% of the entire staffing. These staffs belong to the Kikuyu community.
226 227
Kamba 1 14 Total 7 100
National Environment Trust Fund The National Environment Trust Fund(NETFUND)was established under the Environment Management and Co-ordination Act (EMCA 1999). NETFUND is a fund through which the government, multilaterals, bilateral, corporate bodies, individuals and other organizations can fund environmental, natural resources and climate change activities in Kenya. NETFUND has 24 employees. NETFUND complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 33.3%. Table 250: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Senior staff NETFUND has 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 29% of the senior staff. Table 251: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NETFUND
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 2 29 Teso 1 14 Luhya 1 14 Maasai 1 14 Meru 1 14 Luo 1 14 Total 7 100
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 8 33.3 Kamba 4 16.7 Kisii 3 12.5 Luo 3 12.5 Kalenjin 2 8.3 Luhya 1 4.2 Meru 1 4.2 Teso 1 4.2 Maasai 1 4.2 Total 24 100
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CHAPTER
SIX
PARASTATALS THAT
CONTRAVENE THE NCI
ACT, 2008
Kamba 1 14 Total 7 100
National Environment Trust Fund The National Environment Trust Fund(NETFUND)was established under the Environment Management and Co-ordination Act (EMCA 1999). NETFUND is a fund through which the government, multilaterals, bilateral, corporate bodies, individuals and other organizations can fund environmental, natural resources and climate change activities in Kenya. NETFUND has 24 employees. NETFUND complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu are 33.3%. Table 250: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Senior staff NETFUND has 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 29% of the senior staff. Table 251: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NETFUND
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 2 29 Teso 1 14 Luhya 1 14 Maasai 1 14 Meru 1 14 Luo 1 14 Total 7 100
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 8 33.3 Kamba 4 16.7 Kisii 3 12.5 Luo 3 12.5 Kalenjin 2 8.3 Luhya 1 4.2 Meru 1 4.2 Teso 1 4.2 Maasai 1 4.2 Total 24 100
228 229
Introduction This chapter presents state corporations that contravene section 7(2) of the NCI Act which requires all public establishments not to recruit more than one third of their staff from one ethnic group. It begins by presenting the worst contraveners. Nzoia Sugar Company The Company was established in 1975, under the Company’s Act Cap. 486 of the Laws of Kenya with Memorandum and Articles of Association and issued a certificate of incorporation No.C13734 dated 1st August, 1975. NSC produces sugar and supports cane production through the provision of extension services to farmers with an extensive Company Nucleus Estate Covering 3600 ha and an out grower zone spanning more than 23,500 ha of cane. Nzoia Sugar Company has 1231 members of staff. Nzoia Sugar Company contravenes the NCI Act as the Luhya make up 89% Table 252: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 1095 89 Luo 51 4.1 Kikuyu 23 1.9 Kalenjin 21 1.7 Teso 16 1.3 Kisii 14 1.1 Kamba 6 0.5 Meru 1 0.1 Taita 1 0.1 Embu 1 0.1 Mijikenda 1 0.1 Maasai 1 0.1 Total 1231 100
Senior staff
Nzoia Sugar Compay has 22 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 68.2% of the senior staff.
Table 253: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Nzoia Sugar Company
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 15 68.2 Luo 4 18.3
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Kamba 1 4.5 Kisii 1 4.5 Taita 1 4.5 Total 22 100.0
Kerio Valley Development Authority Kerio Valley Development Authority is a Regional Development Authority established by an Act of Parliament Cap 441 of 1979 and mandated to spearhead Development within the Kerio Valley region and its catchment regions, with a view to fostering sustainable economic development and empowering the communities. Kerio Valley has a total of 527 employees. Kerio Valley Development Authority contravenes the NCI Act as the Kalenjin make up 79.1% of the employees. Moreover, there is a huge gap between the Kalenjin and the remaining ethnic groups. The next community, the Luhya, only make up 4.9% Table 254: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 417 79.1 Luhya 26 4.9 Turkana 15 2.8 Luo 15 2.8 Kikuyu 13 2.5 Kisii 10 1.9 Maasai 8 1.5 Meru 7 1.3 Samburu 5 0.9 Kamba 4 0.8 Teso 2 0.4 Kenyan Somali 2 0.4
Taita 1 0.2 Embu 1 0.2 Rendille 1 0.2 Total 527 100
Senior staff KVDA has 22 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 77% of the senior staff.
Introduction This chapter presents state corporations that contravene section 7(2) of the NCI Act which requires all public establishments not to recruit more than one third of their staff from one ethnic group. It begins by presenting the worst contraveners. Nzoia Sugar Company The Company was established in 1975, under the Company’s Act Cap. 486 of the Laws of Kenya with Memorandum and Articles of Association and issued a certificate of incorporation No.C13734 dated 1st August, 1975. NSC produces sugar and supports cane production through the provision of extension services to farmers with an extensive Company Nucleus Estate Covering 3600 ha and an out grower zone spanning more than 23,500 ha of cane. Nzoia Sugar Company has 1231 members of staff. Nzoia Sugar Company contravenes the NCI Act as the Luhya make up 89% Table 252: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 1095 89 Luo 51 4.1 Kikuyu 23 1.9 Kalenjin 21 1.7 Teso 16 1.3 Kisii 14 1.1 Kamba 6 0.5 Meru 1 0.1 Taita 1 0.1 Embu 1 0.1 Mijikenda 1 0.1 Maasai 1 0.1 Total 1231 100
Senior staff
Nzoia Sugar Compay has 22 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 68.2% of the senior staff.
Table 253: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Nzoia Sugar Company
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 15 68.2 Luo 4 18.3
230 231
Table 255: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KVDA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 17 77 Kikuyu 2 9 Kamba 1 5 Luo 1 5 Meru 1 5 Total 22 100
South Nyanza Sugar Company (Sony Sugar) Sony Sugar has 1,084 members of staff. The Luo form the largest part of its staff with a percentage of 76.4%. This contravenes the stipulation of section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 256: The Composition of staff at Sony Sugar by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
1. Luo 828 76.4 2. Luhya 78 7.2 3. Kisii 66 6.1 4. Suba 61 5.6 5. Kalenjin 13 1.2 6. Maasai 11 1 7. Kikuyu 10 0.9 8. Kamba 6 0.6 9. Mijikenda 4 0.4 10. Taveta 2 0.2 11. Kuria 2 0.2 12. Meru 1 0.1 13. Teso 1 0.1 14. Somali 1 0.1
Total 1084 100 Senior staff Sony Sugar has 20 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 80% of the senior staff. Table 257: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Sony Sugar
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 16 80 Luhya 4 20 Total 20 100
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Tana Water Services The Tana Water Services Board (TWSB) is one of the eight Water Services Boards created under the Ministry of Water and Irrigation following the enactment of the Water Act (2002). TWSB covers 38 sub-counties (Excluding Gatanga) in 6 counties of Nyeri, Murang´a, Kirinyaga, Embu, Tharaka-Nithi and Meru covering an area of 19,169km2 with a population of 4,238,469 (2009 census). TWSB is mandated to increase access to safe, adequate and sustainable water and sewerage services to both the rural and urban populations within the area of its jurisdiction. TWSB has 91 employees. Tana Water Services contravenes the NCI Act since the majority of its employees who are drawn from the Kikuyu community form 76.1% of its staffing. Table 258: Ethnic Composition of Staff at Tana Water Services Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 70 76.1 Meru 10 9.8 Embu 5 5.4 Kamba 2 2.2 Luo 2 2.2 Luhya 1 1.1 Kalenjin 1 1.1 Kisii 1 1.1 Total 92 100
Senior staff TWSB has 8 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 62.5% of the senior staff. Table 259: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at TWSB
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 5 62.5 Meru 1 12.5 Kamba 1 12.5 Embu 1 12.5 Total 8 100 Mumias Sugar Company Mumias Sugar Company was established to provide a source of cash income for farmers, create job opportunities, curb rural-urban migration, reduce overdependence on importation and aim for self-sufficiency in sugar productionand to make profits. The company has 1686 employees. Mumias Sugar Company contravenes the NCI Act as the Luhya, the largest percentage make up 76%.
Table 255: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KVDA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 17 77 Kikuyu 2 9 Kamba 1 5 Luo 1 5 Meru 1 5 Total 22 100
South Nyanza Sugar Company (Sony Sugar) Sony Sugar has 1,084 members of staff. The Luo form the largest part of its staff with a percentage of 76.4%. This contravenes the stipulation of section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 256: The Composition of staff at Sony Sugar by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
1. Luo 828 76.4 2. Luhya 78 7.2 3. Kisii 66 6.1 4. Suba 61 5.6 5. Kalenjin 13 1.2 6. Maasai 11 1 7. Kikuyu 10 0.9 8. Kamba 6 0.6 9. Mijikenda 4 0.4 10. Taveta 2 0.2 11. Kuria 2 0.2 12. Meru 1 0.1 13. Teso 1 0.1 14. Somali 1 0.1
Total 1084 100 Senior staff Sony Sugar has 20 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 80% of the senior staff. Table 257: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Sony Sugar
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 16 80 Luhya 4 20 Total 20 100
232 233
Table 260: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 1282 76 Luo 197 11.7 Kalenjin 44 2.6 Teso 42 2.5 Kikuyu 34 2 Kamba 20 1.2 Taita 7 0.4 Mijikenda 52 3.1 Samburu 3 0.2 Maasai 3 0.2 Taveta 2 0.1 Total 1686 100
Senior staff Mumias Sugar Company has 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 56.3% of the senior staff. Table 261: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Mumias Sugar Company
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 27 56.3 Luo 13 27.1 Kikuyu 4 8.3 Kalenjin 4 8.3 Total 48 100.0
Tanathi Water Services Board TANATHI Water Services Board (TAWSB or TANATHI) was created on June 4, 2008 through a Legal Notice No.69 contained in the, Kenya Gazette Supplement No.25. It was hived off from Tana and Athi Water Services Boards, to become the eighth Water Services Board, responsible for the efficient and economical provision of water in thirty eight districts, covering Kitui, Machakos, Makueni and Kajiado counties. Tanathi is mandated to ensure provision of potable, reliable, affordable and sustainable water and sewerage services to our customers. Tanathi Water Services Board has 50 members of staff. The CEO is Kamba. Tanathi contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kamba, comprise of 76% of the staff community.
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Table 262: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at TANATHI Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage
Kamba 38 76.0 Maasai 6 12.0 Luo 2 4.0
Kikuyu 1 2.0
Kalenjin 1 2.0 Luhya 1 2.0 Meru 1 2.0 Total 50 100
Senior staff TANATHI has 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kamba which comprises 71.4% of the senior staff. Table 263: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at TANATHI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kamba 5 71.4 Maasai 1 14.3 Luhya 1 14.3 Total 7 100
Lake Victoria North Water Service Board Lake Victoria North Water Service Board has 50 employees. The Luhya form the largest group of employees at 74%. The Board thus contravenes the provision of section 7 (2) of the NCI Act. Table 264: The Ethnic Composition of Staff at LVNWSB Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Luhya 37 74 Kalenjin 6 12 Luo 6 12 Kamba 1 2 Total 50 100
Senior staff LVNWSB has 10 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 50.0% of the senior staff.
Table 260: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 1282 76 Luo 197 11.7 Kalenjin 44 2.6 Teso 42 2.5 Kikuyu 34 2 Kamba 20 1.2 Taita 7 0.4 Mijikenda 52 3.1 Samburu 3 0.2 Maasai 3 0.2 Taveta 2 0.1 Total 1686 100
Senior staff Mumias Sugar Company has 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 56.3% of the senior staff. Table 261: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Mumias Sugar Company
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 27 56.3 Luo 13 27.1 Kikuyu 4 8.3 Kalenjin 4 8.3 Total 48 100.0
Tanathi Water Services Board TANATHI Water Services Board (TAWSB or TANATHI) was created on June 4, 2008 through a Legal Notice No.69 contained in the, Kenya Gazette Supplement No.25. It was hived off from Tana and Athi Water Services Boards, to become the eighth Water Services Board, responsible for the efficient and economical provision of water in thirty eight districts, covering Kitui, Machakos, Makueni and Kajiado counties. Tanathi is mandated to ensure provision of potable, reliable, affordable and sustainable water and sewerage services to our customers. Tanathi Water Services Board has 50 members of staff. The CEO is Kamba. Tanathi contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kamba, comprise of 76% of the staff community.
234 235
Table 265: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at LVNWSB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 5 50.0 Luo 3 30.0 Kalenjin 2 20.0 Total 10 100
Muhoroni Sugar Company Muhoroni Sugar Company has 702 members of staff. It contravenes the NCI Act because majority of its employees forming 73.9% are recruited from the Luo community. Table 266: Ethnic Composition of Staff at Muhoroni Sugar Company
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Luo 519 73.9 Kalenjin 63 9 Luhya 61 8.7 Kisii 43 6.1 Teso 9 1.3 Kamba 3 0.4 Suba 2 0.3 Meru 1 0.1 Mijikenda 1 0.1 Total 702 100
Senior staff Muhoroni Sugar Company has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 57% of the senior staff. Table 267: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Muhoroni Sugar Company
Ethnic group Number Percentage Luo 8 57 Luhya 4 29 Kisii 1 7 Kalenjin 1 7 Total 14 100
Golf Hotel Kakamega Golf hotel Kakamega is a subsidiary of Tourism Finance Corporation. It is a leading premier hotel located in Kakamega County.
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The Hotel has 70 employees. It contravenes section 7(2) of the NCI Act since its largest number of employees exceed the 33.3% threshold stipulated I the law. 71.4% of employees belog to the Luhya community.
General staff Ethnic Group Number Percent Luhya 50 71.4 Kamba 6 8.6 Luo 5 7.1 Kikuyu 5 7.1 Kisii 2 2.9 Teso 2 2.9 Total 70 100.0
Senior staff Golf Hotel has 6 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 50% of the senior staff. Table 268: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Golf Hotel Ethnic Group Number Percent Luhya 3 50 Luo 2 33 Kamba 1 17 Total 6 100
Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital Moi Teaching and Referral Hospitalis the second National Referral Hospital in Kenya.The Hospital was elevated from a District Hospital to a National Teaching and Referral Hospital in1998 to serve Western region of Kenya. Its main mandate includes receiving patients on referral for Specialized Health Care, Providing Training, Educational facilities and Participating in National Health Planning. The Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital has 3,118 members of staff. Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital contravenes the NCI Act. The largest community, the Kalenjin, make up 68.1%. There is a huge gap between the first and second ethnic communities of 55.3%. Table 269: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group in MTRH Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kalenjin 2123 68.1 Luhya 400 12.7 Luo 159 5.1 Kikuyu 148 4.8 Kisii 144 4.5
Table 265: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at LVNWSB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 5 50.0 Luo 3 30.0 Kalenjin 2 20.0 Total 10 100
Muhoroni Sugar Company Muhoroni Sugar Company has 702 members of staff. It contravenes the NCI Act because majority of its employees forming 73.9% are recruited from the Luo community. Table 266: Ethnic Composition of Staff at Muhoroni Sugar Company
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Luo 519 73.9 Kalenjin 63 9 Luhya 61 8.7 Kisii 43 6.1 Teso 9 1.3 Kamba 3 0.4 Suba 2 0.3 Meru 1 0.1 Mijikenda 1 0.1 Total 702 100
Senior staff Muhoroni Sugar Company has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 57% of the senior staff. Table 267: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Muhoroni Sugar Company
Ethnic group Number Percentage Luo 8 57 Luhya 4 29 Kisii 1 7 Kalenjin 1 7 Total 14 100
Golf Hotel Kakamega Golf hotel Kakamega is a subsidiary of Tourism Finance Corporation. It is a leading premier hotel located in Kakamega County.
236 237
Kamba 42 1.4 Meru 28 0.9 Teso 21 0.7 Maasai 13 0.4 Turkana 8 0.3 Mijikenda 5 0.2 Foreigners 5 0.2 Taita 4 0.13 Embu 4 0.13 Samburu 4 0.13 Kenyan Asian 3 0.10 Somali 2 0.06 Borana 1 0.03 Mbeere 1 0.03 Njemps 1 0.03 Rendille 1 0.03 Swahili 1 0.03 Total 3118 100
Senior staff MTRH has 58 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 31.0% of the senior staff. Table 270: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at MTRH
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 18 31.0 Luhya 16 27.6 Luo 9 15.6 kikuyu 8 13.8 Foreigner 3 5.2 Pokot 2 3.4 Kamba 1 1.7 Meru 1 1.7 Total 58 100.0
Lake Victoria South Water Service Board Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) is a State Corporation under the Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (MEWNRs). The Board is among the 8 Water Service Boards (WSBs) established under the Water Act (2002) vide Gazette Notice No. 1714 of 12th March 2004 with the mandate of ensuring efficient and economic provision of Water and Sanitation Services in its area of jurisdiction.
237
LVSWSB has 60 members of staff. LVSWSB contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Luo, comprise of 63.3% of staff, which is above the 33.3% threshold. Table 271: Ethnic distribution of LVSWSB staff Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 38 63.3 Kalenjin 7 11.7 Kisii 6 10.0 Luhya 3 5.0 Suba 3 5.0 Kikuyu 2 3.3 Kamba 1 1.7 Total 60 100
Kenya Building Research Centre The Kenya Building Research Centre is mandated to reduce building construction costs. The institution has 15 members of staff. Kenya Building Research Centre contravenes the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 60% of staff. Worth noting also is the huge gap between the first and second communities (33%). Table 272: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at the Kenya Building Research Centre Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 9 60 Luhya 4 27 Kisii 1 7 Kamba 1 7 Total 15 100
Senior staff KBRC has 5 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 60% of the senior staff. Table 273: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KBRC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 3 60 Kikuyu 2 40 Total 5 100
Coast Water Services Board The Coast Water Services Board (CWSB) is a parastatal created under the Water Act, 2002 and established through a Gazette Notice No. 1328 of 27th February 2004. The Board’s main responsibility is the provision of efficient and economical water and sanitation services to
Kamba 42 1.4 Meru 28 0.9 Teso 21 0.7 Maasai 13 0.4 Turkana 8 0.3 Mijikenda 5 0.2 Foreigners 5 0.2 Taita 4 0.13 Embu 4 0.13 Samburu 4 0.13 Kenyan Asian 3 0.10 Somali 2 0.06 Borana 1 0.03 Mbeere 1 0.03 Njemps 1 0.03 Rendille 1 0.03 Swahili 1 0.03 Total 3118 100
Senior staff MTRH has 58 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 31.0% of the senior staff. Table 270: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at MTRH
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 18 31.0 Luhya 16 27.6 Luo 9 15.6 kikuyu 8 13.8 Foreigner 3 5.2 Pokot 2 3.4 Kamba 1 1.7 Meru 1 1.7 Total 58 100.0
Lake Victoria South Water Service Board Lake Victoria South Water Services Board (LVSWSB) is a State Corporation under the Ministry of Environment, Water and Natural Resources (MEWNRs). The Board is among the 8 Water Service Boards (WSBs) established under the Water Act (2002) vide Gazette Notice No. 1714 of 12th March 2004 with the mandate of ensuring efficient and economic provision of Water and Sanitation Services in its area of jurisdiction.
238 239
the people of the Coast Region. The CWSB covers the following six counties in the region: Mombasa, Kwale, Kilifi, Taita-Taveta, Lamu and Tana River. It has 218 members of staff. CWSB contravenes the NCI Act since the biggest group of employees belonging to the Mijikenda community (59.2%) exceeds the stipulated threshold of 33.3%. Table 274: Ethnic Composition in the Staffing of Coast Water Services Board Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Mijikenda 129 59.2 Taita 30 13.8 Kamba 24 11.1 Kikuyu 6 2.8 Kalenjin 5 2.4 Luhya 3 1.4 Kisii 3 1.4 Luo 3 1.4 Taveta 2 0.9 Borana 2 0.9 Galla 2 0.9
Kenyan Arabs 2 0.9
Bajuni 2 0.9 Somali 1 0.5 Orma 1 0.5 Kuria 1 0.5 Maasai 1 0.5 Total 218 100
Senior staff CWSB has 8 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Mijikenda which comprises 62.5% of the senior staff. Table 275: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CWSB Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Mijikenda 5 62.5 Kikuyu 1 12.5 Kisii 1 12.5 Taita 1 12.5 Total 8 100
239
Agro-Chemicals and Food Company Ltd Agro Chemical&Food Co. Ltd(ACFC) isastate corporation established in 1978 under the CompaniesAct Cap 486 of the Laws of Kenya with the objective of production and sales of Spirits and Baker’s Yeast. The Company has consistently diversified into new areas of business since inception. Agro Chemicals and Food Company has 278 employees. Agro Chemical&Food Co. Ltd contravenes the NCI Act as the Luo who are 161 out of 278 members of staff make up 57.9%. Table 276: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent
Luo 161 57.9 Kalenjin 31 11.2 Luhya 30 10.8 Kikuyu 15 5.4 Kamba 12 4.3 Kisii 11 4 Taita 7 2.5 Teso 6 2.2 Mijikenda 2 0.7 Turkana 1 0.4 Borana 1 0.4 Maasai 1 0.4 Total 278 100
Senior staff ACFC has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 57.2% of the senior staff. Table 277: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ACFC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 8 57.2 Kikuyu 2 14.4 Mijikenda 1 7.1 Kalenjin 1 7.1 Taita 1 7.1 Kenyan Asian 1 7.1 Total 14 100 Kenya Accountants and Secretaries National Examinations Board KASNEB was established by the Government of Kenya on 24 July 1969. The Accountants Act, Cap 531 of the Laws of Kenya, which was enacted in July 1977, gave KASNEB retroactive
the people of the Coast Region. The CWSB covers the following six counties in the region: Mombasa, Kwale, Kilifi, Taita-Taveta, Lamu and Tana River. It has 218 members of staff. CWSB contravenes the NCI Act since the biggest group of employees belonging to the Mijikenda community (59.2%) exceeds the stipulated threshold of 33.3%. Table 274: Ethnic Composition in the Staffing of Coast Water Services Board Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Mijikenda 129 59.2 Taita 30 13.8 Kamba 24 11.1 Kikuyu 6 2.8 Kalenjin 5 2.4 Luhya 3 1.4 Kisii 3 1.4 Luo 3 1.4 Taveta 2 0.9 Borana 2 0.9 Galla 2 0.9
Kenyan Arabs 2 0.9
Bajuni 2 0.9 Somali 1 0.5 Orma 1 0.5 Kuria 1 0.5 Maasai 1 0.5 Total 218 100
Senior staff CWSB has 8 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Mijikenda which comprises 62.5% of the senior staff. Table 275: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CWSB Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Mijikenda 5 62.5 Kikuyu 1 12.5 Kisii 1 12.5 Taita 1 12.5 Total 8 100
240 241
recognition since its inception in 1969.The Accountants Act, Cap 531 of the Laws of Kenya was repealed and replaced with the Accountants Act, No. 15 of 2008 which took effect from 30 December 2008. The Accountants Act, No. 15 of 2008 is buttressed by the Certified Public Secretaries of Kenya Act, Cap 534, which reaffirms KASNEB as the examining body for the Certified Secretaries (CS) profession. KASNEB contravenes the NCI Act because it draws 56.3% of its employees from one ethnic group, the Kikuyu. Table 278: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KASNEB Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 76 56.3 Luo 14 10.4 Luhya 12 8.9 Kamba 11 8.1 Meru 5 3.7 Kalenjin 5 3.7 Kisii 4 3.0 Embu 3 2.2 Taita 1 0.7 Teso 1 0.7 Mijikenda 1 0.7 Kuria 1 0.7 Maasai 1 0.7 Total 135 100.0
Senior staff KASNEB has 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 29% of the senior staff. Table 279: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KASNEB
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 14 63.6 Luo 3 13.6 Luhya 3 13.6 Embu 1 4.6 Kamba 1 4.6 Total 22 100
241
Bukura Agricultural College Bukura Agricultural College is established by an Act of Parliament to provide middle level training in agriculture and related fields. The College is mandated to; Provide directly or in collaboration with other institutions of higher learning facilities for education in Agriculture and other auxiliary subjects through the integration of teaching, research and effective application of extension services; Participate in the discovery, transmission and preservation of knowledge in agriculture and other related fields; Conduct examinations for and grant diplomas and such academic awards as provided for in the statutes; and Co-operate with the government in the planned development of Agricultural Education. Bukura Agricultural College has 126 members of staff.Bukura Agricultural College contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Luhya comprise of 56.3% of the staff population Table 280: Ethnic Distribution of Bukura Agricultural College Staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 71 56.3 Luo 16 12.7 Kalenjin 15 11.9 Kikuyu 10 7.9 Kamba 5 4.0 Kisii 4 3.2 Teso 2 1.6 Meru 2 1.6 Mijikenda 1 0.8 Total 126 100
Senior staff Bukura Agricultural College has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 50.2% of the senior staff. Table 281: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Bukura Agricultural College
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luhya 7 50.2 Luo 3 21.4 Kisii 1 7.1 Kalenjin 1 7.1 Kamba 1 7.1 Kikuyu 1 7.1 Total 14 100
recognition since its inception in 1969.The Accountants Act, Cap 531 of the Laws of Kenya was repealed and replaced with the Accountants Act, No. 15 of 2008 which took effect from 30 December 2008. The Accountants Act, No. 15 of 2008 is buttressed by the Certified Public Secretaries of Kenya Act, Cap 534, which reaffirms KASNEB as the examining body for the Certified Secretaries (CS) profession. KASNEB contravenes the NCI Act because it draws 56.3% of its employees from one ethnic group, the Kikuyu. Table 278: Ethnic Composition of Staff at KASNEB Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 76 56.3 Luo 14 10.4 Luhya 12 8.9 Kamba 11 8.1 Meru 5 3.7 Kalenjin 5 3.7 Kisii 4 3.0 Embu 3 2.2 Taita 1 0.7 Teso 1 0.7 Mijikenda 1 0.7 Kuria 1 0.7 Maasai 1 0.7 Total 135 100.0
Senior staff KASNEB has 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 29% of the senior staff. Table 279: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KASNEB
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 14 63.6 Luo 3 13.6 Luhya 3 13.6 Embu 1 4.6 Kamba 1 4.6 Total 22 100
242 243
Kenya Institute of Supplies Management The Kenya Institute of Supplies Management (KISM) is a national body for professionals in the practice of procurement and supplies management in Kenya. The Institute draws its mandate from the “Supplies Practitioners Management Act No.17 of 2007” that provides the legal framework within which the Institute is established and operates as a corporate body promoting learning, development of best practices, and application of the same to the practice of procurement and supply chain management. KISM has 11 employees. KISM contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic group, the Kikuyu, comprise 54.5% of the staff population Table 282: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KISM Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 6 54.5 Luhya 3 27.3 Luo 1 9.1 Kisii 1 9.1 Total 11 100
Senior staff KISM has 3 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 67% of the senior staff. Table 283: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KISM
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 2 67 Kikuyu 1 33 Total 3 100
Lake Basin Development Authority Lake Basin Development Authority is a State Corporation mandated to spearhead development in the Lake Basin Region covering about 72 constituencies. It accomplishes this mandate through mobilization of resources and assets at its disposal for equitable development. LBDA provides integrated planning, coordination and implementation of projects and programmes within the various river basins in the region. Lake Basin Development Authority has 286 employees. Lake Basin Development Authority contravenes the NCI Act as the Luo make up 53.5%. Table 284: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnicity Frequency Percentage Luo 153 53.5 Luhya 57 19.9
243
Kisii 30 10.5 Kalenjin 23 8.0 Teso 9 3.1 Kikuyu 7 2.4 Kamba 2 0.7 Kuria 2 0.7 Taita 2 0.7 Meru 1 0.3 Total 286 100
Senior staff LBDA has 17 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 64.7% of the senior staff. Table 285: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at LBDA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 11 64.7 Luhya 4 23.5 Kalenjin 1 5.9 Meru 1 5.9 Total 17 100.0
Kenya Ferry Services Kenya Ferry Services (KFS) is mandated to efficiently operate a safe, reliable and sustainable ferry services that is customer driven and meets the expectations of stakeholder. Its main activity is the provision of ferry link to pedestrians and vehicle traffic at Likoni and Mtongwe crossing points. KFS serves an average of 300,000 passengers and a total of 6000 units of motor vehicles daily. Kenya Ferry Services has 290 employees of which 52.4% are from the Mijikenda community. This is higher than the one third stipulated in the NCI Act, 2008. The Mijikenda are followed by the Luo who are much less than half (11.7%) of the Mijikenda community. The difference between the employees of Mijikenda ethnic origin and the other ethnic communities is quite high.KFS contravenes the NCI Act as the Mijikenda are 52.3% of the general staff Table 286: KFS Staff Distribution by Ethnic Groups
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Mijikenda 151 52.3 Luo 33 11.4 Taita 22 7.6 Luhya 19 6.6 Kamba 18 6.2
Kenya Institute of Supplies Management The Kenya Institute of Supplies Management (KISM) is a national body for professionals in the practice of procurement and supplies management in Kenya. The Institute draws its mandate from the “Supplies Practitioners Management Act No.17 of 2007” that provides the legal framework within which the Institute is established and operates as a corporate body promoting learning, development of best practices, and application of the same to the practice of procurement and supply chain management. KISM has 11 employees. KISM contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic group, the Kikuyu, comprise 54.5% of the staff population Table 282: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at KISM Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 6 54.5 Luhya 3 27.3 Luo 1 9.1 Kisii 1 9.1 Total 11 100
Senior staff KISM has 3 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 67% of the senior staff. Table 283: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KISM
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 2 67 Kikuyu 1 33 Total 3 100
Lake Basin Development Authority Lake Basin Development Authority is a State Corporation mandated to spearhead development in the Lake Basin Region covering about 72 constituencies. It accomplishes this mandate through mobilization of resources and assets at its disposal for equitable development. LBDA provides integrated planning, coordination and implementation of projects and programmes within the various river basins in the region. Lake Basin Development Authority has 286 employees. Lake Basin Development Authority contravenes the NCI Act as the Luo make up 53.5%. Table 284: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnicity Frequency Percentage Luo 153 53.5 Luhya 57 19.9
244 245
Kikuyu 14 4.8 Meru 13 4.5 Kisii 7 2.4 Kalenjin 4 1.4 Maasai 3 1.0 Embu 3 1.0 Somali 1 0.4 Turkana 1 0.4 Total 289 100
Senior staff KFS has 6 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Mijikenda which comprises 50.0% of the senior staff. Table 287: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KFS
Ethnic group
Frequency Percentage
1 Mijikenda 3 50.0 2 Meru 2 33.3 3 Luo 1 16.7 Total 6 100 EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority (ENNDA) is a statutory body established by an Act of Parliament, CAP 448 of the laws of Kenya, to promote social, economic and political development in the EwasoNg’iro North River basin. The Authority projects and programmes are undertaken in the drainage basin 5. The drainage basin comprises of twenty nine (28) administrative Districts which includes; Moyale, Chalbi, Marsabit, Laisamis, Isiolo, Garbatulla, Wajir East, Wajir West, Wajir South, Wajir North, Garissa, Fafi, Ladgera, Mandera East, Mandera West, Mandera Central, Samburu East, Samburu Central, Samburu West, Laikipia East, Laikipia North, Laikipia West, Meru Central, Imenti North, Tigania, Igembe, Nyandarua North and Nyeri North Districts. The EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority has 152 members of staff. EwasoNg’iro Development Authority contravenes the NCI Act as half of the employee population are Somali. They make up 50% of the employees. Table 288: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Somali 76 50 Borana 33 21.7 Kikuyu 11 7.2
245
Kamba 7 4.6 Meru 6 3.9 Samburu 4 2.6 Kalenjin 4 2.6 Turkana 3 2 Embu 2 1.3 Taveta 1 0.7 Luhya 1 0.7 Gabbra 1 0.7 Rendille 1 0.7 Kisii 1 0.7 Maasai 1 0.7 Total 152 100
Senior staff ENNDA has 4 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Somali which comprises 50.0% of the senior staff. Table 289: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ENNDA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Somali 2 50.0 Meru 1 25.0 Embu 1 25.0 Total 4 100.0
Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation (KOFC) is a State Corporation under the Ministry of state for Defence mandated to manufacture Hardware, Machinery and Equipment. The Corporation which is ISO 9001:2008 certified manufactures small arms ammunition and fabricates high precision tools and parts using the latest technology. KOFC has 223 employees. Kenya Ordinance Factories Corporation contravenes the NCI Act as the Kalenjin are at 49.8% Table 290: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 111 49.8 Luhya 41 18.4 Luo 27 12.1 Kisii 13 5.8 Kamba 8 3.6
Kikuyu 14 4.8 Meru 13 4.5 Kisii 7 2.4 Kalenjin 4 1.4 Maasai 3 1.0 Embu 3 1.0 Somali 1 0.4 Turkana 1 0.4 Total 289 100
Senior staff KFS has 6 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Mijikenda which comprises 50.0% of the senior staff. Table 287: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KFS
Ethnic group
Frequency Percentage
1 Mijikenda 3 50.0 2 Meru 2 33.3 3 Luo 1 16.7 Total 6 100 EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority (ENNDA) is a statutory body established by an Act of Parliament, CAP 448 of the laws of Kenya, to promote social, economic and political development in the EwasoNg’iro North River basin. The Authority projects and programmes are undertaken in the drainage basin 5. The drainage basin comprises of twenty nine (28) administrative Districts which includes; Moyale, Chalbi, Marsabit, Laisamis, Isiolo, Garbatulla, Wajir East, Wajir West, Wajir South, Wajir North, Garissa, Fafi, Ladgera, Mandera East, Mandera West, Mandera Central, Samburu East, Samburu Central, Samburu West, Laikipia East, Laikipia North, Laikipia West, Meru Central, Imenti North, Tigania, Igembe, Nyandarua North and Nyeri North Districts. The EwasoNg’iro North Development Authority has 152 members of staff. EwasoNg’iro Development Authority contravenes the NCI Act as half of the employee population are Somali. They make up 50% of the employees. Table 288: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Somali 76 50 Borana 33 21.7 Kikuyu 11 7.2
246 247
Kikuyu 7 3.1 Taita 4 1.8 Teso 4 1.8 Meru 3 1.3 Embu 3 1.3 Turkana 1 0.4 Mijikenda 1 0.4 Total 223 100
Senior staff KOFC has 6 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 66.6% of the senior staff. Table 291: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KOFC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kalenjin 4 66.6 Teso 1 16.7 Embu 1 16.7 Total 6 100 EwasoNgiro South Development Authority EwasoNg’iro South River Basin Authority is a state of corporation established in 1989 by the Act of Parliament Cap 447 of the Laws of Kenya with the abroad mandate to plan and coordinate the implementations of developments projects in the EwasoN’giro River Basin and catchment areas and for connected purposes. ENSDA has 109 members of staff. It contravenes the NCI Act since most of its employees form 49.5%. This largest group belongs to the Maasai community. Table 292: Ethnic composition of staff in ENSDA Ethnic Group Number percentage Maasai 54 49.5 Kalenjin 16 14.7 Kikuyu 14 12.8 Luo 7 6.4 Kisii 5 4.6 Luhya 5 4.6 Samburu 3 2.8 Meru 2 1.8 Ilchamus 2 1.8
247
Kamba 1 0.9 Total 109 100.0
Senior Staff ENSDA has 9 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Somali which comprises 33.3% of the senior staff. Table 293: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ENSDA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Somali 3 33.3 Kamba 1 11.1 Meru 1 11.1 Borana 1 11.1 Kalenjin 1 11.1 Embu 1 11.1 Kikuyu 1 11.1 Total 9 100
Rift Valley Water Services Board The Rift Valley Water Services Board (RVWSB) is one of the eight water services Boards in Kenya, formed under the provision of the Water Act 2002. The Board was established through Kenya Gazette Notice No. 1715 of 12th March, 2004 and operates in a ten year lease issued by the regulator Water Services Regulatory Board (W.A.S.R.E.B), on 25th September 2009 after the fulfilment of a set of regulations. It was formed to ensure cost effective and sustainable provision of water and sanitation services within its operational areas in accordance to the Water Act of 2002. RVWSB has 37 employees. The Rift Valley Water Services Board has 37 members of staff. Most of the staff are drawn from the Kalenjin community and they form 48.6% of the entire staff population. Consequently, RVWSB contravenes the provision of the NCI Act in regard to representation of diversity within public employment. Table 294: Ethnic Balance among Staff at the Rift Valley Water Services Board Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 18 48.6 Kikuyu 10 27 Luhya 3 8.1 Kamba 2 5.4 Maasai 2 5.4 Samburu 1 2.7 Kisii 1 2.7 Total 37 100
Kikuyu 7 3.1 Taita 4 1.8 Teso 4 1.8 Meru 3 1.3 Embu 3 1.3 Turkana 1 0.4 Mijikenda 1 0.4 Total 223 100
Senior staff KOFC has 6 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 66.6% of the senior staff. Table 291: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KOFC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kalenjin 4 66.6 Teso 1 16.7 Embu 1 16.7 Total 6 100 EwasoNgiro South Development Authority EwasoNg’iro South River Basin Authority is a state of corporation established in 1989 by the Act of Parliament Cap 447 of the Laws of Kenya with the abroad mandate to plan and coordinate the implementations of developments projects in the EwasoN’giro River Basin and catchment areas and for connected purposes. ENSDA has 109 members of staff. It contravenes the NCI Act since most of its employees form 49.5%. This largest group belongs to the Maasai community. Table 292: Ethnic composition of staff in ENSDA Ethnic Group Number percentage Maasai 54 49.5 Kalenjin 16 14.7 Kikuyu 14 12.8 Luo 7 6.4 Kisii 5 4.6 Luhya 5 4.6 Samburu 3 2.8 Meru 2 1.8 Ilchamus 2 1.8
248 249
Senior staff RVWSB has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 50.0% of the senior staff. Table 295: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at RVWSB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 7 50.0 Kikuyu 2 14.3 Luhya 2 14.3 Maasai 2 14.3 Kamba 1 7.1 Total 14 100
Chemelil Sugar Company Chemelil Sugar Companywas established in 1965 as a private limited company and later became a parastatal in 1974. Chemelil Sugar has contravened the NCI Act since the largest ethnic group among its staff is the Luo who comprise 48.4% of the entire staffing. Table 296: Ethnic Profiling of Staff at Chemelil Sugar Co. Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luo 371 48.4 Kalenjin 173 22.6 Luhya 119 15.5 Kisii 41 5.4 Teso 19 2.5 Kikuyu 9 1.2 Kamba 7 0.9 Samburu 5 0.7 Taita 5 0.7 Suba 4 0.5 Meru 4 0.5 Somali 3 0.4 Turkana 2 0.3 Kuria 2 0.3 Maasai 2 0.1 Total 766 100
Senior staff Chemelil Sugar Company has 23 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 47.8% of the senior staff.
249
Table 297: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Chemelil Sugar Company
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luo 11 47.8 Kalenjin 6 26.1 Luhya 3 13.1 Kisii 2 8.7 Kamba 1 4.3 Total 23 100.0
Kenya Seed Company Kenya Seed Company was incorporated in 1956. It is mandated to carry out focused research, promote and facilitate production of high yielding, better quality certified seed, to enhance food self-sufficiency and quality living standards for sustainable economic development. Since its inception, the company has diversified its products and currently has over 60 seed varieties of maize, wheat, sunflower, finger millet, horticultural seeds and legumes. The Kenya Seed Company has 596 members of staff. Kenya Seed Company contravenes the NCI Act as the Kalenjin make up 45.6%. Table 298: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 271 45.6 Luhya 193 32.4 Luo 40 6.7 Kikuyu 30 5 Kisii 23 3.9 Kamba 10 1.7 Teso 9 1.5 Turkana 6 1 Meru 4 0.7 Maasai 4 0.7 Embu 2 0.3 Samburu 1 0.2 Mijikenda 1 0.2 Gabbra 1 0.2 Total 596 100
Senior staff Kenya Seed Company has 20 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 60% of the senior staff.
Senior staff RVWSB has 14 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 50.0% of the senior staff. Table 295: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at RVWSB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 7 50.0 Kikuyu 2 14.3 Luhya 2 14.3 Maasai 2 14.3 Kamba 1 7.1 Total 14 100
Chemelil Sugar Company Chemelil Sugar Companywas established in 1965 as a private limited company and later became a parastatal in 1974. Chemelil Sugar has contravened the NCI Act since the largest ethnic group among its staff is the Luo who comprise 48.4% of the entire staffing. Table 296: Ethnic Profiling of Staff at Chemelil Sugar Co. Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luo 371 48.4 Kalenjin 173 22.6 Luhya 119 15.5 Kisii 41 5.4 Teso 19 2.5 Kikuyu 9 1.2 Kamba 7 0.9 Samburu 5 0.7 Taita 5 0.7 Suba 4 0.5 Meru 4 0.5 Somali 3 0.4 Turkana 2 0.3 Kuria 2 0.3 Maasai 2 0.1 Total 766 100
Senior staff Chemelil Sugar Company has 23 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 47.8% of the senior staff.
250 251
Table 299: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Kenya Seed Company
Ethnnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 12 60 Luhya 3 15 Kisii 2 10 Gabra 1 5 Luo 1 5 Samburu 1 5 Total 20 100
Centre for Mathematics, Science and Technology The Centre for Mathematics, Science and Technology (CEMASTEA) is mandated to transform teaching by continuously developing competences for effective curriculum delivery and improved quality of education. The institution has 100 members of staff. CEMASTEA contravenes the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 43% of the employees. Moreover, there is a huge gap between the first and second communities (26%) Table 300: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 43 43 Luo 17 17 Meru 9 9 Luhya 9 9 Kamba 9 9 Kalenjin 6 6 Kisii 4 4 Embu 1 1 Kuria 1 1 Maasai 1 1 Total 100 100
Senior staff CEMASTEA has 9 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 33.3% of the senior staff. Table 301: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CEMASTEA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 3 33.3 Luhya 2 22.3
251
Luo 1 11.1 Kamba 1 11.1 Meru 1 11.1 Kalenjin 1 11.1 Total 9 100 Kenya National Assurance The Kenya National Assurance is mandated to i) Pay the outstanding claims of the closed life of the former company as set out in the
schedule of transfer approved by the court ii) To develop the new company into a viable life assurance company Kenya National Assurance has 7members of staff. It contravenes the NCI Act as the Kalenjin community makes up 42.9%. Table 302: Kenya National Assurance Company Staff Ethnic Group Distribution by Percentage Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 3 42.9 Kikuyu 2 28.6 Meru 1 14.3 Luhya 1 14.3 Total 7 100
Senior staff KNA has 1 senior staff member who belogs to the Meru community. Table 303: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KNA
Ethnic group
Frequency Percentage
Meru 1 100 School Equipment Production Unit School Equipment Production Unit is mandated to design, manufacture, supply, distribute science materials and apparatus for educational institutions. The institution has 24 members of staff. SEPU contravenes the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 41.7%. Moreover, there is a huge gap between the first and second communities (21%). Table 304: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage
Kikuyu 10 41.7
Table 299: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Kenya Seed Company
Ethnnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 12 60 Luhya 3 15 Kisii 2 10 Gabra 1 5 Luo 1 5 Samburu 1 5 Total 20 100
Centre for Mathematics, Science and Technology The Centre for Mathematics, Science and Technology (CEMASTEA) is mandated to transform teaching by continuously developing competences for effective curriculum delivery and improved quality of education. The institution has 100 members of staff. CEMASTEA contravenes the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 43% of the employees. Moreover, there is a huge gap between the first and second communities (26%) Table 300: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 43 43 Luo 17 17 Meru 9 9 Luhya 9 9 Kamba 9 9 Kalenjin 6 6 Kisii 4 4 Embu 1 1 Kuria 1 1 Maasai 1 1 Total 100 100
Senior staff CEMASTEA has 9 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 33.3% of the senior staff. Table 301: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CEMASTEA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 3 33.3 Luhya 2 22.3
252 253
Luo 5 20.8 Luhya 3 12.5 Kalenjin 2 8.3 Kamba 2 8.3 Meru 1 4.2 Taita 1 4.2
Total 24 100 Senior Staff SEPU has only one senior staff belonging to the Luhya community. Table 305: Senior staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 1 100
Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre (Formerly known as Central Artificial insemination Station) sits on a 220 acre plot, hosts 100 productive bulls, and is able to produce enough semen to meet the National demand and surplus for export. The potential export markets include COMESA Region, the rest of Africa, the Middle East and South East Asia. The mandate of KAGRC is to produce, preserve, and conserve, animal genetic material (semen embryo, tissues and live animals) and rear breeding bulls for provision of high quality disease free semen to meet the national demand and for export. Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre has 134 members of staff. KAGRC contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic group, the Kikuyu, has surpassed the threshold by 11.5% Table 306: KAGRC Employee Ethnic Audit by Ethnic Groups Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 57 41.9 Luhya 37 27.2 Luo 14 10.3 Meru 9 6.6 Kisii 7 5.1 Kamba 6 4.4 Somali 3 2.2 Embu 2 1.5 Kalenjin 1 0.7 Total 136 100
253
Senior staff The Centre has 64 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 23% of the senior staff. Table 307: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KAGRC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 23 35.9 Luhya 13 20.3 Kalenjin 9 14.1 Meru 6 9.4 Luo 4 6.3 Kisii 3 4.7 Kamba 2 3.1 Gabra 1 1.6 Taita 1 1.6 Taveta 1 1.6 Samburu 1 1.6 Total 64 100.0
Kenya Ports Authority The Kenya Ports Authority has 6,543 members of staff. The majority are drawn from the Mijikenda community and they form 41.6% of the entire staff population. KPA contravenes section 7(2) of the NCI Act because its largest number of employees forms more than the provided threshold of 33.3%. Table 308: Ethnic Composition of Staff at the Kenya Ports Authority Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Mijikenda 2721 41.6 Luo 791 12.1 Kamba 581 8.9 Luhya 548 8.4 Taita 459 7.0 Kikuyu 392 6.0 Swahili 279 4.3 Kalenjin 244 3.7 Gabbra 123 1.9 Kenyan Arabs 99 1.5 Samburu 71 1.1 Kenyan Somali 53 0.8
Luo 5 20.8 Luhya 3 12.5 Kalenjin 2 8.3 Kamba 2 8.3 Meru 1 4.2 Taita 1 4.2
Total 24 100 Senior Staff SEPU has only one senior staff belonging to the Luhya community. Table 305: Senior staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 1 100
Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre (Formerly known as Central Artificial insemination Station) sits on a 220 acre plot, hosts 100 productive bulls, and is able to produce enough semen to meet the National demand and surplus for export. The potential export markets include COMESA Region, the rest of Africa, the Middle East and South East Asia. The mandate of KAGRC is to produce, preserve, and conserve, animal genetic material (semen embryo, tissues and live animals) and rear breeding bulls for provision of high quality disease free semen to meet the national demand and for export. Kenya Animal Genetic Resources Centre has 134 members of staff. KAGRC contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic group, the Kikuyu, has surpassed the threshold by 11.5% Table 306: KAGRC Employee Ethnic Audit by Ethnic Groups Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 57 41.9 Luhya 37 27.2 Luo 14 10.3 Meru 9 6.6 Kisii 7 5.1 Kamba 6 4.4 Somali 3 2.2 Embu 2 1.5 Kalenjin 1 0.7 Total 136 100
254 255
Taveta 52 0.8 Borana 35 0.5 Maasai 35 0.5 Orma 19 0.3 Teso 10 0.2 Nubi 9 0.1 Foreigners 9 0.1 Suba 4 0.1 Kenyan Asians 4 0.1 Kuria 3 0.05 Waat 1 0.02 Kisii 1 0.02 Total 6543 100.0
Senior staff KPA has 71 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Mijikenda which comprises 25.4% of the senior staff. Table 309: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KPA
Ethnic Group number Percentage Mijikenda 18 25.4 Luo 12 16.9 Luhya 8 11.3 Kamba 7 9.9 Kikuyu 7 9.9 Kalenjin 5 7.0 Kisii 5 7.0 Taita 4 5.6 Borana 2 2.8 Somali 2 2.8 kenyan asian 1 1.4 Total 71 100.0
Kenya Meat Commission The Kenya Meat Commission (KMC) was formed in 1950 through an act of parliament with an objective of providing a ready market for livestock farmers and providing high quality meat and meat products to consumers. It is a public institution and by far the oldest and the most experienced meat processor in Kenya and the larger East African region.
255
The Kenya Meat Commission has 434 members of staff. It contravenes the provisions of the NCI Act because the majority of its employees comprise of 41%. These employees belong to the Kamba community. Table 310: Ethnic composition of staff at KMC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kamba 178 41.0
Kikuyu 63 14.5 Luhya 37 8.5 Luo 28 6.5 Kalenjin 27 6.2 Meru 20 4.6 Somali 17 3.9 Kisii 16 3.7 Maasai 14 3.2 Mijikenda 12 2.8 Taita 9 2.1 Embu 6 1.4 Other Kenyan 3 0.7 Teso 2 0.5 Kuria 1 0.2 Samburu 1 0.2 Total 434 100
Senior Staff KMC has 10 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Somali which comprises 20% of the senior staff. Table 311: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KMC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Somali 2 20 Kikuyu 2 20 Luhya 2 20 Kamba 1 10 Maasai 1 10 Meru 1 10 Taita 1 10 Total 10 100
Taveta 52 0.8 Borana 35 0.5 Maasai 35 0.5 Orma 19 0.3 Teso 10 0.2 Nubi 9 0.1 Foreigners 9 0.1 Suba 4 0.1 Kenyan Asians 4 0.1 Kuria 3 0.05 Waat 1 0.02 Kisii 1 0.02 Total 6543 100.0
Senior staff KPA has 71 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Mijikenda which comprises 25.4% of the senior staff. Table 309: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KPA
Ethnic Group number Percentage Mijikenda 18 25.4 Luo 12 16.9 Luhya 8 11.3 Kamba 7 9.9 Kikuyu 7 9.9 Kalenjin 5 7.0 Kisii 5 7.0 Taita 4 5.6 Borana 2 2.8 Somali 2 2.8 kenyan asian 1 1.4 Total 71 100.0
Kenya Meat Commission The Kenya Meat Commission (KMC) was formed in 1950 through an act of parliament with an objective of providing a ready market for livestock farmers and providing high quality meat and meat products to consumers. It is a public institution and by far the oldest and the most experienced meat processor in Kenya and the larger East African region.
256 257
Nyayo Tea Zone Development Corporation Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation was established in 1986 as a State Corporation to protect and conserve the country’s gazetted forests. The Corporation is mandated to promote forest conservation by providing buffer zones of tea and assorted tree species to check human encroachment into forestland. This is achieved through the establishment of tea and assorted tree buffer belts around those forests. The Corporation operates in seventeen zones across the country. The tea zones not only help and protect the forests but they also help in the rehabilitation of ecologically fragile areas. Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation has 282 staff. The Corporation has contravened the NCI Act since the largest ethnic group among the staff composition forms 40.1%. These staffs belong to the Kalenjin community. Moreover, there is a huge gap between the first and second community groups, of about 17.9%. Table 312: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at the Nyayo Tea Zones
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 113 40.1 Kikuyu 62 22 Meru 32 11.3 Luhya 25 8.9 Kamba 16 5.7 Kisii 13 4.6 Luo 12 4.3 Embu 9 3.2 Total 282 100
Senior Staff Nyayo Tea Zones has 26 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 38.5% of the senior staff. Table 313: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Nyayo Tea Zones
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kalenjin 10 38.5 Kikuyu 7 26.9 Luhya 3 11.6 Meru 3 11.6 Kisii 2 7.6 Luo 1 3.8 Total 26 100
Institute of Human Resource Management The Institute of Human Resource Management, IHRM, is the professional body of Human Resource Management practitioners in Kenya.It coordinates the activities and oversees the interests of all
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qualified and registered Human Resource Professionals in Kenya. IHRM draws its Mandate from the Human Resource Management Professional Act No 52 of 2012 .IHRM aims at promoting enhanced human resource management practices.
The Institute has 10 members of staff. It cotravees section 7(2) of the NCI Act because the largest group of employees drawn from the Kikuyu community form 40% of the entire staff population.
General staff
Table 314: Ethnic Representation among staff at IHRM
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 4 40.0 Kisii 3 30.0 Luo 2 20.0 Kamba 1 10.0 Total 10 100.0 Senior staff IHRM has 3 senior staff members who belong to three different ethnic groups. Table 315: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at IHRM
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 1 33.3 Kisii 1 33.3 Luo 1 33.3 Total 3 100.0 Kenya Sugar Research Foundation The Kenya Sugar Research Foundation (KESREF) is a state corporation in the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries. KESREF is mandated to develop and disseminate technology and information for increased productivity, profitability and sustainability in the sugar industry. KESREF has 140 employees. KESREF contravenes the NCI Act as the Luo make up 39.7% of the employees Table 316: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luo 56 39.7 Luhya 46 32.6 Kalenjin 14 9.9 Kisii 9 6.4
Nyayo Tea Zone Development Corporation Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation was established in 1986 as a State Corporation to protect and conserve the country’s gazetted forests. The Corporation is mandated to promote forest conservation by providing buffer zones of tea and assorted tree species to check human encroachment into forestland. This is achieved through the establishment of tea and assorted tree buffer belts around those forests. The Corporation operates in seventeen zones across the country. The tea zones not only help and protect the forests but they also help in the rehabilitation of ecologically fragile areas. Nyayo Tea Zones Development Corporation has 282 staff. The Corporation has contravened the NCI Act since the largest ethnic group among the staff composition forms 40.1%. These staffs belong to the Kalenjin community. Moreover, there is a huge gap between the first and second community groups, of about 17.9%. Table 312: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at the Nyayo Tea Zones
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 113 40.1 Kikuyu 62 22 Meru 32 11.3 Luhya 25 8.9 Kamba 16 5.7 Kisii 13 4.6 Luo 12 4.3 Embu 9 3.2 Total 282 100
Senior Staff Nyayo Tea Zones has 26 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 38.5% of the senior staff. Table 313: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Nyayo Tea Zones
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kalenjin 10 38.5 Kikuyu 7 26.9 Luhya 3 11.6 Meru 3 11.6 Kisii 2 7.6 Luo 1 3.8 Total 26 100
Institute of Human Resource Management The Institute of Human Resource Management, IHRM, is the professional body of Human Resource Management practitioners in Kenya.It coordinates the activities and oversees the interests of all
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Kikuyu 8 5.7 Mijikenda 4 2.8 Meru 1 0.7 Teso 1 0.7 Kamba 1 0.7 Total 140 100
Senior staff KESREF has 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 42.8% of the senior staff. Table 317: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KESREF
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luhya 3 42.8 Luo 2 28.6 Kalenjin 2 28.6 Total 7 100 Kenya School of Government The Kenya School of Government (KSG) was formed under the KSG Act No. 2 of 1996. The main Purpose of the institute is to build human resource capacity and enhance management Skills to ensure Kenyans achieve excellent results from the public service. Hence, KSG exists to provide training, consultancy and research services, designed to promote national development, standards of competence and integrity in the public service, state corporations, local governments and the private sector. KSG has 207 employees. The Kenya School of Government contravenes the NCI Act since its largest group of employees who belong to the Kikuyu ethnic group form 39.1% of the staff. Table 318: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 82 39.1 Luhya 26 12.6 Kisii 20 10.1 Kamba 19 9.2 Meru 18 8.7 Luo 16 6.8 Kalenjin 10 4.8 Embu 4 2.4 Somali 3 1.9
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Maasai 3 1.5 Teso 2 1.0 Borana 1 0.5 Gabbra 1 0.5 Mbeere 1 0.5 Taita 1 0.5 Total 207 100
Senior Staff KSG has 51 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 41.2% of the senior staff. Table 319: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KSG
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 21 41.2 Luhya 9 17.6 Kisii 7 13.7 Kamba 5 9.8 Meru 4 7.8 Kalenjin 2 3.9 Gabra 1 2 Luo 1 2 Somali 1 2 Total 51 100
Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development The Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) is an Institute established through the KICD Act No. 4 of 2013 of the laws of Kenya. The Institute’s core function is to conduct research and develop curricular for all levels of education below the university. KICD has 409 members of staff. The majority of them belong to the Kikuyu community and they form 39.1%. As a result, KICD contravenes section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Table 320: Ethnic Representation at the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Studies Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 160 38.9 Luhya 59 14.4 Luo 48 11.7 Kamba 46 11.2 Meru 34 8.3 Kisii 26 6.3
Kikuyu 8 5.7 Mijikenda 4 2.8 Meru 1 0.7 Teso 1 0.7 Kamba 1 0.7 Total 140 100
Senior staff KESREF has 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 42.8% of the senior staff. Table 317: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KESREF
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luhya 3 42.8 Luo 2 28.6 Kalenjin 2 28.6 Total 7 100 Kenya School of Government The Kenya School of Government (KSG) was formed under the KSG Act No. 2 of 1996. The main Purpose of the institute is to build human resource capacity and enhance management Skills to ensure Kenyans achieve excellent results from the public service. Hence, KSG exists to provide training, consultancy and research services, designed to promote national development, standards of competence and integrity in the public service, state corporations, local governments and the private sector. KSG has 207 employees. The Kenya School of Government contravenes the NCI Act since its largest group of employees who belong to the Kikuyu ethnic group form 39.1% of the staff. Table 318: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 82 39.1 Luhya 26 12.6 Kisii 20 10.1 Kamba 19 9.2 Meru 18 8.7 Luo 16 6.8 Kalenjin 10 4.8 Embu 4 2.4 Somali 3 1.9
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Kalenjin 16 3.9 Embu 11 2.7 Taita 6 1.5 Somali 4 1.0 Maasai 1 0.2 Total 411 100
Senior staff KICD has 35 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 16% of the senior staff. Table 321: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KICD
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 16 45.7 Meru 6 17.1 Luo 5 14.3 Kamba 3 8.6 Embu 1 2.9 Luhya 1 2.9 Kisii 1 2.9 Taita 1 2.9 Samburu 1 2.9 Total 35 100.0
National Authority for the Campaign Against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA) The National Authority for the Campaign Against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA) was established by an Act of Parliament on 24th July, 2012. The Authority’s main focus is on demand reduction, which involves providing preventive education, public awareness, life skills, treatment, rehabilitation and psycho-social support to the general public. It also contributes towards supply suppression through policy formulation and capacity building. NACADA has 95 members of staff. It contravenes the provisions of the NCI Act since the largest group of employees who are drawn from the Kikuyu community form 38.9% of its staffing. Table 322: Ethnic profiling of staff at NACADA Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 37 38.9 Luo 13 13.7 Luhya 6 6.3 Kalenjin 6 6.3 Teso 5 5.3
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Kamba 4 4.2 Kisii 4 4.2 Meru 3 3.2 Mijikenda 3 3.2 Taita 2 2.1 Embu 2 2.1 Nubi 1 1.1 Samburu 1 1.1 Somali 1 1.1 Gabbra 1 1.1 Rendille 1 1.1 Kenyan Arabs 1 1.1 Swahili 1 1.1 Kuria 1 1.1 Maasai 1 1.1 Mbeere 1 1.1 Total 95 100
Senior staff NACADA has 8 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 37.5% of the senior staff. Table 323: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACADA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 3 37.5 Kalenjin 1 12.5 Luo 1 12.5 Luhya 1 12.5 Teso 1 12.5 Kisii 1 12.5 Total 8 100
Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute KEMFRI has 655 members of staff. 38% of these staffs belong to the Kisii community. This contravenes the provision of the NCI Act which requires public institutions not to have more than 33.3% of their staff from one ethnic group. Table 324: Staff profiling by ethnicity at KEMFRI
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kisii 249 38 Luo 204 31.1
Kalenjin 16 3.9 Embu 11 2.7 Taita 6 1.5 Somali 4 1.0 Maasai 1 0.2 Total 411 100
Senior staff KICD has 35 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 16% of the senior staff. Table 321: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KICD
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 16 45.7 Meru 6 17.1 Luo 5 14.3 Kamba 3 8.6 Embu 1 2.9 Luhya 1 2.9 Kisii 1 2.9 Taita 1 2.9 Samburu 1 2.9 Total 35 100.0
National Authority for the Campaign Against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA) The National Authority for the Campaign Against Alcohol and Drug Abuse (NACADA) was established by an Act of Parliament on 24th July, 2012. The Authority’s main focus is on demand reduction, which involves providing preventive education, public awareness, life skills, treatment, rehabilitation and psycho-social support to the general public. It also contributes towards supply suppression through policy formulation and capacity building. NACADA has 95 members of staff. It contravenes the provisions of the NCI Act since the largest group of employees who are drawn from the Kikuyu community form 38.9% of its staffing. Table 322: Ethnic profiling of staff at NACADA Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 37 38.9 Luo 13 13.7 Luhya 6 6.3 Kalenjin 6 6.3 Teso 5 5.3
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Kalenjin 84 12.8 Mijikenda 36 5.5 Kamba 27 4.1 Meru 10 1.5 Turkana 10 1.5 Taita 8 1.2 Somali 7 1.1 Suba 6 0.9 Swahili 5 0.8 Njemps 3 0.5 Taveta 2 0.3 Kuria 2 0.3 Nubi 1 0.2 Teso 1 0.2 Total 655 100
Senior Staff KEMFRI has 39 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 28.2% of the senior staff. Table 325: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEMFRI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 11 28.2 Luo 10 25.6 Mijikenda 6 15.4 Kisii 5 12.8 Kamba 4 10.3 Taita 2 5.1 Luhya 1 2.6 Total 39 100.0
Competition Authority of Kenya Established under the Competition Act No. 12 of 2010, Competition Authority of Kenya is mandated to enhance the welfare of the people of Kenya by promoting and protecting effective competition in markets and preventing unfair and misleading market conduct throughout Kenya. Competition Authority of Kenya has 24 members of staff. CAK contravenes the NCI Act as most of its employees from the Kikuyu community form 37.5%. Table 326: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at Competition Authority
Ethnic Group Number Percentage
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Kikuyu 9 37.5 Luhya 4 16.7 Kisii 2 8.3 Meru 2 8.3 Luo 2 8.3
Kamba 2 8.3
Embu 1 4.2 Kuria 1 4.2
Kalenjin 1 4.2
Total 24 100 Senior Staff Competition Authority of Kenya has 22 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 23% of the senior staff. Table 327: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Competition Authority of Kenya
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 5 23 Luhya 4 18 Kisii 3 14 Luo 3 14 Kalenjijn 2 9 Meru 2 9 Embu 1 5 Kuria 1 5 Kamba 1 5 Total 22 100
Kenya Post Office Savings Bank The Kenya Post Office Savings Bank (Postbank) was established in 1910. Similar Savings services were offered across the East Africa region. When the East African Community broke up in 1977, the Kenya Government established its own savings bank. Postbank is primarily engaged in the mobilization of savings for national development and operates under the Kenya Post Office Savings Bank Act Cap 493B. Kenya Post Office Savings Bank has 786 employees. Kenya Post Office Savings Bank surpasses the threshold by 4.2% as the Kalenjin make up 37.5% of the employees. Table 328: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Kalenjin 84 12.8 Mijikenda 36 5.5 Kamba 27 4.1 Meru 10 1.5 Turkana 10 1.5 Taita 8 1.2 Somali 7 1.1 Suba 6 0.9 Swahili 5 0.8 Njemps 3 0.5 Taveta 2 0.3 Kuria 2 0.3 Nubi 1 0.2 Teso 1 0.2 Total 655 100
Senior Staff KEMFRI has 39 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 28.2% of the senior staff. Table 325: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KEMFRI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 11 28.2 Luo 10 25.6 Mijikenda 6 15.4 Kisii 5 12.8 Kamba 4 10.3 Taita 2 5.1 Luhya 1 2.6 Total 39 100.0
Competition Authority of Kenya Established under the Competition Act No. 12 of 2010, Competition Authority of Kenya is mandated to enhance the welfare of the people of Kenya by promoting and protecting effective competition in markets and preventing unfair and misleading market conduct throughout Kenya. Competition Authority of Kenya has 24 members of staff. CAK contravenes the NCI Act as most of its employees from the Kikuyu community form 37.5%. Table 326: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at Competition Authority
Ethnic Group Number Percentage
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Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 295 37.5 Kikuyu 146 18.6 Kamba 78 9.9 Luo 61 7.8 Luhya 58 7.4 Meru 46 5.9 Kisii 46 5.9 Taita 21 2.7 Somali 9 1.1 Mijikenda 8 1 Maasai 8 1 Kuria 3 0.4 Borana 2 0.3 Gabbra 2 0.3 Turkana 1 0.1 Burji 1 0.1 Rendille 1 0.1 Total 786 100
Senior Staff Postbank has 126 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 35.7% of the senior staff. Table 329: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at PostBank
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 45 35.7 Kikuyu 23 18.1 Kamba 14 11.1 Meru 12 9.5 Luhya 9 7.1 Luo 8 6.3 Kisii 5 4.0 Taita 3 2.4 Mijikenda 3 2.4 Maasai 2 1.6 Somali 1 0.8 Gabra 1 0.8 Total 126 100.0
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Kenya Institute of Mass Communication The Kenya Institute of Mass Communication (KIMC) was established in 1961 and was named as the then Voice of Kenya Training School. Its main purpose was to train electronic engineering and technicians for the then, Kenya Broadcasting Service (KBS) that was later rebranded in 1962 as the Kenya Broadcasting Corporation (KBC). Kenya Institute of Mass Communication has 91 employees. KIMC contravenes the NCI Act as the Kikuyu, the majority, make up 37.4% of the staff population Table 54: Ethnic distribution of KIMC staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 34 37.4 Luhya 14 15.4 Luo 11 12.1 Kamba 8 8.8 Kisii 8 8.8 Kalenjin 6 6.6 Meru 6 6.6 Suba 1 1.1 Taita 1 1.1 Embu 1 1.1 Borana 1 1.1 Total 91 100
Senior staff KIMChas 9 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luo which comprises 22.2% of the senior staff. Table 330: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KIMC
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Luo 2 22.2% Meru 2 22.2% Kikuyu 2 22.2% Kalenjin 1 11.1% Kamba 1 11.1% Luhya 1 11.1% Total 9 100.0%
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kalenjin 295 37.5 Kikuyu 146 18.6 Kamba 78 9.9 Luo 61 7.8 Luhya 58 7.4 Meru 46 5.9 Kisii 46 5.9 Taita 21 2.7 Somali 9 1.1 Mijikenda 8 1 Maasai 8 1 Kuria 3 0.4 Borana 2 0.3 Gabbra 2 0.3 Turkana 1 0.1 Burji 1 0.1 Rendille 1 0.1 Total 786 100
Senior Staff Postbank has 126 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 35.7% of the senior staff. Table 329: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at PostBank
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 45 35.7 Kikuyu 23 18.1 Kamba 14 11.1 Meru 12 9.5 Luhya 9 7.1 Luo 8 6.3 Kisii 5 4.0 Taita 3 2.4 Mijikenda 3 2.4 Maasai 2 1.6 Somali 1 0.8 Gabra 1 0.8 Total 126 100.0
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Kenya Rural Roads Authority Kenya rural roads authority (KERRA) is a state corporation whose mandate is to offer guidance in the construction, maintenance and management of the rural road network in the country.
KERRA has 668 employees. It contravenes the NCI Act as 36.8% of its employees belong to the Kikuyu community.
General staff
Table 331: Ethnic Representation among staff at KERRA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 246 36.8 Luhya 85 12.7 Luo 79 11.8 Kalenjin 63 9.4 Kamba 53 7.9 Kisii 49 7.3 Kenyan Somali 31 4.6 Meru 25 3.7 Embu 12 1.8 Taita 10 1.7 Mijikenda 7 1.3 Borana 3 0.4 Maasai 2 0.3 Samburu 1 0.1 Teso 1 0.1 Turkana 1 0.1 Total 668 100
Senior staff KERRAhas 70 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 42.9% of the senior staff. Table 332: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KERRA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 30 42.9 Luhya 10 14.3 Luo 9 12.9 Kamba 7 10.0 Kalenjin 5 7.1 Kisii 2 2.9
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Meru 2 2.9 Somali 2 2.9 Embu 1 1.4 Sabaot 1 1.4 Taita 1 1.4 Total 70 100.0 Athi Water Services Board Pursuant to Section 53 of the Water Act 2002, the Athi Water Services Board is responsible for the efficient and economical provision of water services within its area of jurisdiction, which covers the city of Nairobi and the districts of Kiambu, Limuru, Githunguri, Kikuyu, Ruiru, Gatundu South, Gatundu North, Lari, Gatanga, Thika East and Thika West. The Athi Water Services Board has 55 employees. Athi Water Services Board contravenes the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 36.4% of staff. Moreover, the gap between the first and second community groups is huge (24%). Table 333: Athi Water Services Board Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 20 36.4 Kamba 7 12.7 Luhya 6 10.9 Kalenjin 5 9.1 Kisii 5 9.1 Meru 4 7.3 Luo 4 7.3 Maasai 3 5.5 Embu 1 1.8 Total 55 100
Senior Staff Athi Water Service Board has 19 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 42.0% of the senior staff. Table 334: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Athi Water Services Board
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 8 42.0 Meru 3 15.8 Kamba 2 10.5 Luhya 2 10.5 Embu 1 5.3 Kalenjin 1 5.3
Kenya Rural Roads Authority Kenya rural roads authority (KERRA) is a state corporation whose mandate is to offer guidance in the construction, maintenance and management of the rural road network in the country.
KERRA has 668 employees. It contravenes the NCI Act as 36.8% of its employees belong to the Kikuyu community.
General staff
Table 331: Ethnic Representation among staff at KERRA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 246 36.8 Luhya 85 12.7 Luo 79 11.8 Kalenjin 63 9.4 Kamba 53 7.9 Kisii 49 7.3 Kenyan Somali 31 4.6 Meru 25 3.7 Embu 12 1.8 Taita 10 1.7 Mijikenda 7 1.3 Borana 3 0.4 Maasai 2 0.3 Samburu 1 0.1 Teso 1 0.1 Turkana 1 0.1 Total 668 100
Senior staff KERRAhas 70 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 42.9% of the senior staff. Table 332: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KERRA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 30 42.9 Luhya 10 14.3 Luo 9 12.9 Kamba 7 10.0 Kalenjin 5 7.1 Kisii 2 2.9
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Kisii 1 5.3 Luo 1 5.3 Total 19 100
Kenya Accreditation Service The Kenya Accreditation Service is mandated to provide accreditation services that promote fair trade, health and safety as well as protection of the environment. The institution has 40 members of staff. KENAS complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 32.5%. However, there is a huge gap between the first and second communities (12.5%). Table 335: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 13 36.1 Luhya 6 16.7 Kalenjin 5 13.9 Luo 5 13.9 Kamba 4 11.1 Kisii 2 5.6 Kenyan Somali 1 2.8 Total 36 100
Senior Staff KAS has 9 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 33.3% of the senior staff. Table 336: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KAS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 3 33.3 Kalenjin 2 22.2 Kamba 2 22.2 Kikuyu 1 11.15 Kisii 1 11.15 Total 9 100
Brand Kenya Board Brand Kenya Board as State Corporation established in March 2008. The institution is mandated to spearhead an integrated coordinating mechanism for building and enhancing the country’s image, national identity and managing its international reputation as well for rallying citizens together for greater social harmony and cohesiveness.
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Brand Kenya has 27 members of staff. Brand Kenya Board contravenes the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 36% of staff. Moreover, there is a huge gap between the first and second communities (18%). Table 337: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 10 36 Luhya 5 18
Kalenjin 4 18 Kamba 3 11 Kisii 2 7 Luo 2 7 Embu 1 4 Total 27 100
Senior Staff Brand Kenya Board has 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 57.1% of the senior staff. Table 338: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Brand Kenya Board
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 4 57.1% Keiyo 1 14.3% Kamba 1 14.3% Luo 1 14.3% Total 7 100.0%
Community Development Trust Fund Community Development Trust Fund (CDTF) was established in 1996 with the purpose of developing an integrated approach towards contributing to poverty reduction in Kenya. The objective of CDTF is to promote sustainable development initiatives that are demand driven and aim to reduce poverty, create socio-economic advancement, conserve biodiversity, and improve ecological stability and environmental management. CDTF has 53 members of staff. Community Development Trust Fund contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic group, the Kikuyu comprise of 35.8% of the staff population Table 339: Ethnic Distribution of Community Development Trust Fund Staff Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 19 35.8 Luo 10 18.9
Kisii 1 5.3 Luo 1 5.3 Total 19 100
Kenya Accreditation Service The Kenya Accreditation Service is mandated to provide accreditation services that promote fair trade, health and safety as well as protection of the environment. The institution has 40 members of staff. KENAS complies with the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 32.5%. However, there is a huge gap between the first and second communities (12.5%). Table 335: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Kikuyu 13 36.1 Luhya 6 16.7 Kalenjin 5 13.9 Luo 5 13.9 Kamba 4 11.1 Kisii 2 5.6 Kenyan Somali 1 2.8 Total 36 100
Senior Staff KAS has 9 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 33.3% of the senior staff. Table 336: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KAS
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 3 33.3 Kalenjin 2 22.2 Kamba 2 22.2 Kikuyu 1 11.15 Kisii 1 11.15 Total 9 100
Brand Kenya Board Brand Kenya Board as State Corporation established in March 2008. The institution is mandated to spearhead an integrated coordinating mechanism for building and enhancing the country’s image, national identity and managing its international reputation as well for rallying citizens together for greater social harmony and cohesiveness.
270 271
Kamba 7 13.2 Luhya 6 11.3 Kalenjin 3 5.7 Meru 3 5.7 Kisii 2 3.8 Nubi 1 1.9 Teso 1 1.9 Somali 1 1.9 Total 53 100
Senior Staff CDTF has 23 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 26.1% of the senior staff. Table 340: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CDTF
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 6 26.1 Kamba 4 17.4 Luhya 4 17.4 Kalenjin 3 13.0 Luo 3 13.0 Meru 2 8.7 Kisii 1 4.4 Total 23 100
Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) The Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) is a non-commercial State Corporation established in March 2003 as part of the comprehensive reforms in the water sector. The mandate of the institution is to oversee the implementation of policies and strategies relating to provision of water and sewerage services. WASREB sets rules and enforces standards that guide the sector towards ensuring that consumers are protected and have access to efficient, affordable and sustainable services. WASREB has 28 members of staff. WASREB contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 35.7% of the staff population Table 341: Ethnic distribution of WASREB staff Ethnicity Number Percentage Kikuyu 10 35.7 Meru 4 14.3
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Luhya 3 10.7 Kisii 3 10.7 Kalenjin 2 7.1 Kamba 2 7.1 Luo 2 7.1 Somali 1 3.6 Embu 1 3.6 Total 28 100
Senior Staff WASREB has 10 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 40.0% of the senior staff. Table 342: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at WASREB
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 40.0 Meru 2 20.0 Kalenjin 2 20.0 Luhya 1 10.0 Kisii 1 10.0 Total 10 100
Council for Legal Education The Council for Legal Education is mandatedto assure quality legal education and training for global competitiveness. The institution has 17 members of staff. The Council of Legal Education contravenes the NCI Act by 2% as the Luhya make up 35.3% of staff population Table 343: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 6 35.3 Kikuyu 4 23.5 Kisii 2 11.8 Luo 2 11.8 Kalenjin 2 11.8 Meru 1 5.9 Total 17 100
Kamba 7 13.2 Luhya 6 11.3 Kalenjin 3 5.7 Meru 3 5.7 Kisii 2 3.8 Nubi 1 1.9 Teso 1 1.9 Somali 1 1.9 Total 53 100
Senior Staff CDTF has 23 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 26.1% of the senior staff. Table 340: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CDTF
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 6 26.1 Kamba 4 17.4 Luhya 4 17.4 Kalenjin 3 13.0 Luo 3 13.0 Meru 2 8.7 Kisii 1 4.4 Total 23 100
Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) The Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) is a non-commercial State Corporation established in March 2003 as part of the comprehensive reforms in the water sector. The mandate of the institution is to oversee the implementation of policies and strategies relating to provision of water and sewerage services. WASREB sets rules and enforces standards that guide the sector towards ensuring that consumers are protected and have access to efficient, affordable and sustainable services. WASREB has 28 members of staff. WASREB contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 35.7% of the staff population Table 341: Ethnic distribution of WASREB staff Ethnicity Number Percentage Kikuyu 10 35.7 Meru 4 14.3
272 273
Senior Staff CLE has 8 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 50% of the senior staff. Table 344: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CLE
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 4 50 Kikuyu 3 38 Kisii 1 13 Total 8 100
Agricultural Development Corporation Established through an Act of Parliament Cap 346 in 1965, Agricultural Development Corporation (ADC) is a state corporation, mandated to facilitate the land transfer programme from European settlers to locals following Kenya’s independence. ADC is also mandated to promote and execute agricultural schemes and reconstruction in Kenya by initiating, assisting or expansion of agricultural undertaking ands and enterprises. ADC has 344 members of staff. ADC has contravened the NCI Act as the Kalenjin, the largest group, make up 35% of staff. Table 345: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at ADC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage
Kalenjin 121 35 Luhya 74 22 Kikuyu 51 15 Luo 35 10 Kamba 16 5 Kisii 9 3 Somali 7 2 Mijikenda 6 2 Meru 4 1 Borana 4 1 Teso 4 1 Maasai 3 0.9 Taita 3 0.9 Orma 3 0.9 Swahili 1 0.3 Foreigner 1 0.3
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Turkana 1 0.3 Suba 1 0.3 Total 344 100
Senior Staff ADC has 22 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 40.9% of the senior staff. Table 346: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at ADC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 9 40.9 Kikuyu 4 18.2 Kisii 1 4.5 Luo 2 9.1 Luhya 3 13.6 Somali 1 4.5 Borana 1 4.5 Meru 1 4.5 Total 22 100.0
National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI) The Science, Technology and Innovation Act, 2013 was formulated in a bid to contribute to realization of the Kenya Vision 2030 and other national development goals, which aspires to transform Kenya into a globally competitive, newly industrialized, middle income country founded on a strong foundation on Science and Technology and Innovation with Research playing a key role in generating critical mass of technical and skilled manpower. The Act repealed Cap. 250 of the Laws of Kenya and established the National Commission for Science, Technology and Innovation (NACOSTI) as successor of the National Council for Science and Technology (NCST). The objective of the Commission shall be to regulate and assure quality in the science, technology and innovation sector and advise the Government in matters related thereto. NACOSTI has 49 members of staff. NACOSTI contravenes the NCI Act as the largest community, the Kikuyu, make up 34.7% of the staff population. Table 347: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at NACOSTI Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 17 34.7 Luo 7 14.3 Kisii 6 12.2 Luhya 6 12.2 Kalenjin 4 8.2
Senior Staff CLE has 8 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 50% of the senior staff. Table 344: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at CLE
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 4 50 Kikuyu 3 38 Kisii 1 13 Total 8 100
Agricultural Development Corporation Established through an Act of Parliament Cap 346 in 1965, Agricultural Development Corporation (ADC) is a state corporation, mandated to facilitate the land transfer programme from European settlers to locals following Kenya’s independence. ADC is also mandated to promote and execute agricultural schemes and reconstruction in Kenya by initiating, assisting or expansion of agricultural undertaking ands and enterprises. ADC has 344 members of staff. ADC has contravened the NCI Act as the Kalenjin, the largest group, make up 35% of staff. Table 345: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group at ADC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage
Kalenjin 121 35 Luhya 74 22 Kikuyu 51 15 Luo 35 10 Kamba 16 5 Kisii 9 3 Somali 7 2 Mijikenda 6 2 Meru 4 1 Borana 4 1 Teso 4 1 Maasai 3 0.9 Taita 3 0.9 Orma 3 0.9 Swahili 1 0.3 Foreigner 1 0.3
274 275
Meru 4 8.2 Embu 1 2.0 Kamba 1 2.0 Pokot 1 2.0 Somali 1 2.0 Teso 1 2.0 Total 49 100
Senior Staff NACOSTI has 11 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 36.4% of the senior staff. Table 348: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACOSTI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 36.4 Luhya 3 27.3 Kalenjin 2 18.1 Luo 1 9.1 Kenyan Somali 1 9.1 Total 11 100
Kenya Vision 2030 Board The Kenya Vision 2030 Board is mandated to transform Kenya into a rapidly industrializing middle-income nation by the year 2030. The institution has 29 members of staff. The Kenya Vision 2030 Board contravenes the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 34.5% Table 349: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 10 34.5 Kamba 6 20.7 Luhya 3 10.3 Kisii 3 10.3 Somali 1 3.4 Kalenjin 1 3.4 Samburu 1 3.4 Taita 1 3.4 Tharaka 1 3.4 Luo 1 3.4 Turkana 1 3.4 Total 29 100
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Senior Staff Vision 2030 Board has 10 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 20% of the senior staff. Table 350: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at Vision 2030 Board
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 2 20.0 Kamba 2 20.0 Kenyan Somali 1 10.0 Samburu 1 10.0 Taita 1 10.0 Luhya 1 10.0 Kisii 1 10.0 Tharaka 1 10.0 Total 10 100
Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) The Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (KIPPRA) is an autonomous public institute that was established in May 1997 through a Legal Notice and commenced operations in June 1999. In January 2007,the KIPPRA Act No. 15 of 2006 was enacted into law. The Institute is thus an autonomous Think Tank established under an Act of Parliament. KIPPRA has 53 members of staff. The institute contravenes the NCI Act since the proportion of the largest group of its employees exceeds the 33.3% threshold stipulated in the Act. This group form 34.0% and belong to the Kikuyu community. Table 351: Ethnic Balance among staff in KIPPRA
Ethnic groups Number Percentage Kikuyu 18 34.0 Luo 10 18.9 Luhya 7 13.2 Meru 6 11.3 Kisii 5 9.4 Kamba 2 3.8 Burji 1 1.9 Embu 1 1.9 Kalenjin 1 1.9 Mbeere 1 1.9 Taita 1 1.9 Total 53 100.0
Senior Staff
Meru 4 8.2 Embu 1 2.0 Kamba 1 2.0 Pokot 1 2.0 Somali 1 2.0 Teso 1 2.0 Total 49 100
Senior Staff NACOSTI has 11 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 36.4% of the senior staff. Table 348: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at NACOSTI
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 4 36.4 Luhya 3 27.3 Kalenjin 2 18.1 Luo 1 9.1 Kenyan Somali 1 9.1 Total 11 100
Kenya Vision 2030 Board The Kenya Vision 2030 Board is mandated to transform Kenya into a rapidly industrializing middle-income nation by the year 2030. The institution has 29 members of staff. The Kenya Vision 2030 Board contravenes the NCI Act as the Kikuyu make up 34.5% Table 349: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 10 34.5 Kamba 6 20.7 Luhya 3 10.3 Kisii 3 10.3 Somali 1 3.4 Kalenjin 1 3.4 Samburu 1 3.4 Taita 1 3.4 Tharaka 1 3.4 Luo 1 3.4 Turkana 1 3.4 Total 29 100
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KIPPRA has 8 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 37.5% of the senior staff. Table 352: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KIPPRA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 37.5 Luhya 2 25.0 Meru 2 25.0 Kamba 1 12.5 Total 8 100
Micro and Small Enterprise Authority The Micro and Small Enterprises Authority (MSEA) is a State Corporation established under Micro and Small Enterprises Act No. 55 of 2012. The Authority (MSEA) is categorized as a Service Corporation, PC 3B and is domiciled in the Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development. MSEA was established for the promotion, development, regulation of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSE) Sector in Kenya. The Authority is mandated to formulate and review policies and programmes promote and develop MSE sector, monitor and evaluate implementation policies, programmes and activities related to MSE development. The Authority has 91 members of staff. The Micro and Small Enterprises Authority contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 34.1% of staff. Table 353: Ethnic distribution of Micro and Small Enterprise Authority staff
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 31 34.1 Luo 14 15.4 Kamba 11 12.1 Luhya 10 11.0 Kalenjin 7 7.7 Kisii 6 6.6 Mijikenda 6 6.6 Embu 3 3.3 Somali 1 1.1 Taita 1 1.1 Meru 1 1.1 Total 91 100
Senior Staff MSEAhas 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 57.1% of the senior staff.
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Table 354: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at MSEA
Ethnic Group Frequency Percentage Kikuyu 4 57.1 Luhya 2 28.6 Taita 1 14.3 Total 7 100 Kenya Roads Board The Kenya Roads Board is mandated to oversee the road network in Kenya and thereby coordinate its development, rehabilitation and maintenance and to be the principal adviser to the Government on all matters related thereto. The institution has 46 members of staff. The Kenya Roads Board contravenes the NCI Act as the highest number of employees comprise of 37% of the entire staff. They belong to the Kikuyu community. Moreover, there is a very huge gap between the first two communities (27%) Table 355: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage
Kikuyu 18 34.0 Kisii 7 13.2 Kamba 6 11.3 Luo 5 9.4 Kalenjin 5 9.4 Luhya 3 5.7 Mijikenda 2 3.8 Meru 2 3.8 Taita 2 3.8 Somali 1 1.9 Embu 1 1.9 Maasai 1 1.9 Total 53 100
Senior Staff KRB has 12 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 41.8% of the senior staff. Table 356: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the Kenya Roads Board
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 5 41.8
KIPPRA has 8 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 37.5% of the senior staff. Table 352: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KIPPRA
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 3 37.5 Luhya 2 25.0 Meru 2 25.0 Kamba 1 12.5 Total 8 100
Micro and Small Enterprise Authority The Micro and Small Enterprises Authority (MSEA) is a State Corporation established under Micro and Small Enterprises Act No. 55 of 2012. The Authority (MSEA) is categorized as a Service Corporation, PC 3B and is domiciled in the Ministry of Industrialization and Enterprise Development. MSEA was established for the promotion, development, regulation of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSE) Sector in Kenya. The Authority is mandated to formulate and review policies and programmes promote and develop MSE sector, monitor and evaluate implementation policies, programmes and activities related to MSE development. The Authority has 91 members of staff. The Micro and Small Enterprises Authority contravenes the NCI Act as the largest ethnic community, the Kikuyu, comprise of 34.1% of staff. Table 353: Ethnic distribution of Micro and Small Enterprise Authority staff
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 31 34.1 Luo 14 15.4 Kamba 11 12.1 Luhya 10 11.0 Kalenjin 7 7.7 Kisii 6 6.6 Mijikenda 6 6.6 Embu 3 3.3 Somali 1 1.1 Taita 1 1.1 Meru 1 1.1 Total 91 100
Senior Staff MSEAhas 7 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kikuyu which comprises 57.1% of the senior staff.
278 279
Kisii 2 16.7 Mijikenda 1 8.3 Kenyan Somali 1 8.3 Kamba 1 8.3 Luo 1 8.3 Kalenjin 1 8.3 Total 12 100
Kenya School of Law (KSL) The Kenya School of Law is an institution established under the Kenya School of Law Act, No 26 of 2012. KSL has 140 members of staff. It contravenes section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Its highest number of employees, the Luhya, constitute 33.8% which is above the 33.3% thresholds provided in legislation. Table 357: Ethnic Representation among Staff at the Kenya School of Law
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 47 33.8 Kikuyu 31 22.3 Kamba 30 21.6 Kalenjin 9 6.5 Kisii 9 6.5 Meru 7 5 Embu 3 2.2 Maasai 2 1.4 Taita 1 0.7 Luo 1 0.7 Total 140 100
Senior Staff The Kenya School of Law has 9 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 33.35% of the senior staff. Table 358: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KSL
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 3 33.35 Luo 3 33.35 Kikuyu 1 11.1 Kalenjin 1 11.1 Kamba 1 11.1 Total 9 100
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New KCC The New Kenya Co-operative Creameries Ltd was registered on the 25th of June 2003. Its predecessor, the Kenya Co-operative Cremeries Ltd has operated in Kenya since 1925. As the largest business entity in the dairy industry in East Africa, New KCC seeks to promote Industrialization and Enterprise Development through: Industrialization and Cooperative Policy formulation and implementation; Implementation of the Industrial Property Rights regime; Private Sector Development Policy and Strategy; Quality Control including Industrial Standards development; Co-operative Savings, Credit and other Financial Services Policy and regulation; Development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and Buy Kenya policy. New KCC has 1576 employees. New KCC contravenes the NCI Act by 0.2% as the Kikuyu make up 33.5% Table 359: Staff Representation by Ethnic Group Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kikuyu 528 33.5 Kalenjin 445 28.2 Luhya 140 8.9 Luo 128 8.1 Kisii 85 5.4 Kamba 78 4.9 Meru 74 4.7 Mijikenda 39 2.5 Embu 15 1.0 Taita 15 1.0 Samburu 13 0.8 Maasai 6 0.4 Swahili 4 0.3 Teso 2 0.1
Borana 2 0.1
Turkana 1 0.1 Other Kenyan 1 0.1 Total 1576 100
Senior Staff The New KCC has 30 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Kalenjin which comprises 36.7% of the senior staff. Table 360: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at the New KCC
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Kalenjin 11 36.7
Kisii 2 16.7 Mijikenda 1 8.3 Kenyan Somali 1 8.3 Kamba 1 8.3 Luo 1 8.3 Kalenjin 1 8.3 Total 12 100
Kenya School of Law (KSL) The Kenya School of Law is an institution established under the Kenya School of Law Act, No 26 of 2012. KSL has 140 members of staff. It contravenes section 7(2) of the NCI Act. Its highest number of employees, the Luhya, constitute 33.8% which is above the 33.3% thresholds provided in legislation. Table 357: Ethnic Representation among Staff at the Kenya School of Law
Ethnic Group Frequency Percent Luhya 47 33.8 Kikuyu 31 22.3 Kamba 30 21.6 Kalenjin 9 6.5 Kisii 9 6.5 Meru 7 5 Embu 3 2.2 Maasai 2 1.4 Taita 1 0.7 Luo 1 0.7 Total 140 100
Senior Staff The Kenya School of Law has 9 senior staff members. The largest ethnic group is Luhya which comprises 33.35% of the senior staff. Table 358: Ethnic Representation among senior staff at KSL
Ethnic Group Number Percentage Luhya 3 33.35 Luo 3 33.35 Kikuyu 1 11.1 Kalenjin 1 11.1 Kamba 1 11.1 Total 9 100
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Kikuyu 7 23.3 Luo 4 13.3 Meru 2 6.7 Kamba 2 6.7 Kisii 2 6.7 Samburu 1 3.3 Luhya 1 3.3 Total 30 100.0
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CHAPTER
SEVEN
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSIONS
AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
Kikuyu 7 23.3 Luo 4 13.3 Meru 2 6.7 Kamba 2 6.7 Kisii 2 6.7 Samburu 1 3.3 Luhya 1 3.3 Total 30 100.0
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Introduction This chapter presents the emerging issues, conclusions and recommendations drawn from the study. Kenya is a highly ethnic society. In the past, appointments to public offices have been seen as part of the political instruments used by political powers to assuage and receive support from particular regions.1 Years ago, especially in the first regime(s) of their Excellency Jomo Kenyatta and Daniel ToroitichArapMoi, Ministerial positions served similar purposes. Nevertheless, this situation keeps changing not in terms of content but approach. The concept of patronage is particularistic, where state resources are allocated to an individual or group in terms of favours, contract and rewards beyond public positions by politicians in exchange for electoral support among others.2 The legal and policy environment is a depiction of changing times in Kenya since 1963. It is an acknowledgement and response of the impending challenges brought about by emerging political and social dynamics, the economic power play notwithstanding. The Constitution provides for principles of Public Service3 particularly stating that principles of public service include representation of Kenya’s diverse communities and affording adequate and equal opportunities for appointment, training, and advancement at all levels of the public service. Further, the power to appoint is given to the president, with a rider from Article 73,4 emphasizing that integrity must be the cornerstone. The National Cohesion and Integration Act, 2008 goes further to place a fixed threshold for all public establishments by requiring that none of them should have more than one third of their employees from one ethnic group. Emerging Issues Political Interference The study revealed that although the law is clear on the roles of appointing bodies in state corporations, the process is marred with political interference. This was particularly observed in regional parastatals, where county political leaders felt that it was the right of their people to access employment.
1See Silvester Obong’o, (2013), “The distribution of public offices through patronage relationships and other forms of particularistic exchanges in Africa pre-dates the post-independence era. But these practices took new forms in the newly independent countries due to the changed political and socio-economic conditions..” in his work entitled “Particularistic Exchanges and Pacts of Domination In Africa: Examining how patronage appointments may have Increased Resistance to Public Sector Reforms In Kenya, International Public Management Review (IPMR). 2 James, S. C. (2005). "Patronage Regimes and American Party Development from 'The Age of Jackson' to the Progressive Era." British Journal of Political Science 36(1): 39-60. 3 See The Constitution of Kenya, (2010), Article 232, 4
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Regional Parastatals The functions of certain regional parastatals such as Muhoroni Sugar Company include to provide employment to the locals. Their location in the region and their labour based employment have been mentioned as some of the factors leading to their gross contravention against the NCI Act. Besides, this labor based employment has very low remuneration, meaning people may not be willing to relocate, leave their families and earn but meagre salaries that may not be able to sustain them. Regional parastatals also felt that there exist misconceptions about them and the areas they are located. People think that in some areas, people are naturally hostile and are likely to harm them when politics takes center stage. Additionally, some areas are synonymous to certain threats such as HIV or malaria. This makes people from other geographical regions wary of relocating and getting jobs in such areas. Recommendations from the study The Commission made several recommendations on how these inequalities may be addressed. Insulation of state corporations from Political Interference Revelations across state corporations suggested that employment is highly influenced by politics. As a result, to ensure inclusivity and observance of the law, parastatals should be insulated from political interference and intrusive bureaucrats. Training and Sensitization There is need for the NCIC and other cohesion stakeholders to facilitate training of all public institutions on the legal requirements for inclusion and the impact of lack of inclusion to service delivery. Modular Learning for Employment Organs Employment organs in state corporations should be subjected to modular lessons on representation of diversity as one of the values and principles of the public service. The Kenya School of Government should consider starting a course specifically on this but also infuse the same in the senior management leadership course recommended for senior public servants. Inclusive employment policies Following the legislations discussed in this Report, each parastatal should develop its own inclusive employment policies and practices to ensure representation of the face of Kenya in its recruitment, promotion and training. Representation Threshold for Regional Parastatals The functions of certain regional parastatals such as Muhoroni Sugar Company include to provide employment to the locals. Their location in the region and the heavily labour based
Introduction This chapter presents the emerging issues, conclusions and recommendations drawn from the study. Kenya is a highly ethnic society. In the past, appointments to public offices have been seen as part of the political instruments used by political powers to assuage and receive support from particular regions.1 Years ago, especially in the first regime(s) of their Excellency Jomo Kenyatta and Daniel ToroitichArapMoi, Ministerial positions served similar purposes. Nevertheless, this situation keeps changing not in terms of content but approach. The concept of patronage is particularistic, where state resources are allocated to an individual or group in terms of favours, contract and rewards beyond public positions by politicians in exchange for electoral support among others.2 The legal and policy environment is a depiction of changing times in Kenya since 1963. It is an acknowledgement and response of the impending challenges brought about by emerging political and social dynamics, the economic power play notwithstanding. The Constitution provides for principles of Public Service3 particularly stating that principles of public service include representation of Kenya’s diverse communities and affording adequate and equal opportunities for appointment, training, and advancement at all levels of the public service. Further, the power to appoint is given to the president, with a rider from Article 73,4 emphasizing that integrity must be the cornerstone. The National Cohesion and Integration Act, 2008 goes further to place a fixed threshold for all public establishments by requiring that none of them should have more than one third of their employees from one ethnic group. Emerging Issues Political Interference The study revealed that although the law is clear on the roles of appointing bodies in state corporations, the process is marred with political interference. This was particularly observed in regional parastatals, where county political leaders felt that it was the right of their people to access employment.
1See Silvester Obong’o, (2013), “The distribution of public offices through patronage relationships and other forms of particularistic exchanges in Africa pre-dates the post-independence era. But these practices took new forms in the newly independent countries due to the changed political and socio-economic conditions..” in his work entitled “Particularistic Exchanges and Pacts of Domination In Africa: Examining how patronage appointments may have Increased Resistance to Public Sector Reforms In Kenya, International Public Management Review (IPMR). 2 James, S. C. (2005). "Patronage Regimes and American Party Development from 'The Age of Jackson' to the Progressive Era." British Journal of Political Science 36(1): 39-60. 3 See The Constitution of Kenya, (2010), Article 232, 4
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employment have been mentioned as some of the factors leading to its gross contravention against the NCI Act. As a result, regional parastatals should have a lower threshold of representation as opposed to the national parastatals. Further Research NCIC should undertake explanatory research to unravel the barriers to inclusion of under-represented communities in public service employment. Positive discrimination Parastatals should undertake affirmative action particularly of minority communities to enhance their diversity. Equality Standards NCIC should develop a tool kit on equality and inclusion of ethnic communities in the public sector. This may build or contribute towards the Public Service Diversity Policy, 2016. Diversity Competence Program The National Cohesion and integration Commission must develop a Diversity Competence Program for all public and private service institutions. This program should spell out the specific steps an organization must take for their systems to be considered Diversity Compliant. This will include a training programme on skills development, inclusive recruitment procedures and internal diversity nurturing spaces. Review of the Recruitment Policy and Procedure(s) There should be review of the recruitment policy in state agencies. There is need that each recruitment in any state agency give 1% opportunities to minority groups. Gender Inclusion The National Gender and Equality Commission should engage with SCAC to ensure promotion of gender inclusion in parastatal employment.
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REFERENCES
Busha, C. H. and Harter, S. P. (1980).Research Methods in Librarianship: Techniques and Interpretation. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, Inc. GoK, (2005) Privatisation Act Cap 2 of 2005Nairobi: Government Printers GoK, (2008) National Cohesion and Integration Act No. 12 of 2008 Nairobi: Government Printers GoK, (2010) 2009 Kenya Population and Housing Census Vol II Nairobi: Government Printers GoK, (2014a) The Government Owned Entities Bill 2014 (GOE) Nairobi: Government Printers GoK, (2014b) The National Sovereign Wealth Fund Bill 2014Nairobi: Government Printers GoK, State Corporations ActNairobi: Government Printers Mugenda, O. M. and Mugenda, A. G. (1999).Research Methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches. Nairobi: Acts Press.
employment have been mentioned as some of the factors leading to its gross contravention against the NCI Act. As a result, regional parastatals should have a lower threshold of representation as opposed to the national parastatals. Further Research NCIC should undertake explanatory research to unravel the barriers to inclusion of under-represented communities in public service employment. Positive discrimination Parastatals should undertake affirmative action particularly of minority communities to enhance their diversity. Equality Standards NCIC should develop a tool kit on equality and inclusion of ethnic communities in the public sector. This may build or contribute towards the Public Service Diversity Policy, 2016. Diversity Competence Program The National Cohesion and integration Commission must develop a Diversity Competence Program for all public and private service institutions. This program should spell out the specific steps an organization must take for their systems to be considered Diversity Compliant. This will include a training programme on skills development, inclusive recruitment procedures and internal diversity nurturing spaces. Review of the Recruitment Policy and Procedure(s) There should be review of the recruitment policy in state agencies. There is need that each recruitment in any state agency give 1% opportunities to minority groups. Gender Inclusion The National Gender and Equality Commission should engage with SCAC to ensure promotion of gender inclusion in parastatal employment.
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