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Chronology

Back to Definition

Ethical Issues

Netiquette

Cyber-ethics

Conclusion

Discussion Session

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Information Technology have closely related to :

Computer & Communications

Within this Information Age [begin in 1990], Computer and Communications started to combine.

The combination results:

Convergence

Allow device [electronic product] to perform in multiple functions. Example: Cellphone+Digicam, TV+Internet Access, etc

Portability Trading off the power and move to convenience in return for smaller size and weight. Example: PC Tablet, Smartphone, etc

Personalization

Creation of information tailored to your preferences. Example: We will receive special ad that we often needed.

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Ethics is defined as a set of moral values or principles that govern the conduct of an individual or a group.

Using Information Technology 6th Ed. p.25

To understand many kinds of ethical issues in Information Technology

To understand the basic concepts of ethics in IT Developments

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Tom Forester and Perry Morrison in Computer Ethics, discuss about some considerations in ethical issues in Information Technology, such as:

Speed and Scale

Unpredictability

Complexity

Great amounts of information can be stored, retrieved, and transmitted at any speed and scale

Com&Com are pervasive, touching nearly every aspects of our lives

Computers are incredibly complex, even their creators are not always understood about the complexity.

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• What is the safeguards when we want to reveal secret info?

• What things can people keep to them selves and not being cracked?

• Who is responsible for the authenticity, fidelity and accuracy of info?

• Who will take the accountable [responsible for the error?

• Who owns the info?

• How should access to this scarce resource be allocated?

• What info does a person have a right to obtain?

• What will be the requirement and condition that info can be delivered?

Richard O MasonCarr P. CollinsManagement Information Sciences Quarterly

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Plagiarism

Privacy

Data Security

Less Predictable

Less Reliable

Unmanageable

Out-of-control Cost

Morphing Photo Manipulation

Technology Manipulation

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Privacy

Privacy is the right of people not to reveal information about themselves.Using Information Technology 6th Ed. p.369

Privacy is had closely related to Data Security. This ethical issues occur when unauthorized access tried to attack our system.

Data Security

Example:

Today, e-banking and e-commerce have becoming lifestyle. People tend to do transaction through internet. Privacy and Data Security become an issue.

Prevention:PIN [Personal Identification Number]

Change Password Regularly

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Less Predictable Less Reliable

Computers and communications are pervasive, touching nearly every aspects of our lives.

If we compare Com & Com with other pervasive technologies; electricity, television, etc, Com & Com seems lot of less predictable and reliable

EXAMPLE:

• We don’t know that virus attacks our system even though we try to create our defensive system. [less predictable]

• Less Reliable happen when the internet traffic is full [down]

• Flash disk borrowing

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Unmanageable Out-of-control Cost

Good Example:

Linux Operating System

Bad Example:

Sometimes, we don’t know the development of a program. Someone could modify the program until the initial creator don’t know what happen to the program

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Technology Manipulation

SOUND Manipulation

PHOTO Manipulation

VIDEO & Television Manipulation

Morphing

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Technology Manipulation

SOUND Manipulation

Example 1 :

• Frank Sinatra’s 1994 album, titled: DUETS

• In this album Sinatra sang as if in duet with some artists [Barbara Streisand and Bono U2].

• But, truly, Sinatra sang alone in his studio, and then the recording was sent to those artist and dubbed with their own voices.

• So, Frank Sinatra and Streisand+Bono never sang together

Example 2:

L I P S I N G

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Technology Manipulation

PHOTO Manipulation Morphing

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Technology Manipulation

MEDIA Manipulation

Manipulation

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Technology Manipulation

MEDIA Manipulation

Manipulation

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Technology Manipulation

MEDIA Manipulation

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P L A G I A R I S M

Plagiarism

Illegal Copy-Paste Activity

Not inserted the original author, if we use their theory

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Netiquette

Basic rules of Netiquette:1. Don’t waste people’s time

2. Don’t say anything to a person online that you wouldn’t say to his/her face

Specific rules of Netiquette:

1. Consult FAQs

2. Avoid Flaming

3. Don’t SHOUT

4. Be Careful with Jokes

5. Avoid Sloppiness

6. Don’t send huge file attachments

7. When replying, quote only the relevant portion

8. Don’t “overforward”

Network Etiquette

Appropriate online behavior

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Cyber-ethics = related with censorship of internet information

Data

The word “sex” is the most popular search word on the net. [Yahoo data]

Possibilities to Solve

1. Blocking Software

2. Browsers with Ratings

3. The V-chip

Ethical issues in ICT is not only existed in sex,

crime, or hack, but also happened in another

area of life (entertainment, education, etc)

It is difficult to face the bad ethical issues, but

there are some ways to prevent the bad impact,

such as:

-Developing the awareness of users [esp. for

children u-18]

-Protecting the un-behavioral sites

-etc

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Using Infromation and Communication Technology. Williams Sawyer. McGraw-Hill. 2005

Management Information Sciences Quarterly

Richard O. Mason and Carr P. Collins