ETHERNET JOURNEY AT JAGUAR LAND ROVER CHALLENGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ETHERNET BACKBONE

Vector GB Ltd Annual Conference 2017

Wednesday, September 27th, 2017

Syreeta Bath - Technical Specialist – Vehicle Communication Networks

Sachin Shinde - Senior Engineer – Vehicle Communication Networks

CONTENTS

• Our Business

• Ethernet Journey

• Backbone Enabled Architecture

− Challenges

• Next Generation Architecture

− Further Challenges

2

OUR BUSINESS

3

• 14 vehicle lines.

• 3 UK vehicle assembly plants, 1 engineering

and manufacturing centre and 2 UK design

and engineering sites.

• Almost 42,000 people globally – headcount

has almost doubled over the last five years.

• Plants in China, India and Brazil.

• Employs 10,000 engineers and designers.

• Sales network in 137 countries.

• Jaguar Land Rover is the largest automotive

employer in the UK.

• 213 awards won in 2016/17 FY.

• Invests £1.8 billion in Research and

Development.

ETHERNET JOURNEY

WHY ETHERNET

• Next Generation Infotainment concept

• Network to carry Control Data, Internet, Audio and Video

• Unconstrained by the network

• Decouple applications from the network

• Embrace consumer technology

• Emergence of BroadR-Reach

• Joined Open Alliance as Promoter

• Use cases for Ethernet across all vehicle domains

ETHERNET JOURNEY

2012 - 2015

5

2015

In 2015 InControl TouchPro Infotainment system

launched to high acclaim!

• Master controller with Broadcom

Polar Switch

• AVB 802.1 AS running in Switch

• BroadR-Reach links front to rear

• Any media any screen

• Multiple HW and SW suppliers

collaborating

2012

• Start of Ethernet Pre development for

Infotainment

• Focus on 100 Base T1 Physical Layer

and Ethernet Protocols

ETHERNET JOURNEY

2015

6

• New electrical architecture Pre

development

2015

• FlexRay

• AutoSAR 4.x

• UTP solution for Ethernet 100Base-T1

• DoIP for Diagnostics & Software

Download

Many new technologies deployed in parallel!

ETHERNET JOURNEY

2017 AND BEYOND

7

2017

Ethernet Backbone

Capability

Development of

Dynamic Network

2017 20xx

BACKBONE ENABLED ARCHITECTURE

CHALLENGES

• Challenges faced when considering Ethernet Communication within the vehicle

− Protocols to use and how to configure

− Command and Control

− Audio & Video

− VLAN Implementation within a vehicle environment

− How to configure the switch for AVB and VLANs

− Bandwidth requirements and how to control

− Diagnostics

− DoIP between Ethernet nodes

− How to capture Ethernet traffic (Port Mirroring)

− Time synchronisation

8

BACKBONE ENABLED ARCHITECTURE

CHALLENGES

• Ethernet communication compatibility

between non Infotainment domain and

Infotainment domain

• Exchange information between classic

networks and Ethernet via a Gateway

• Prove out Ethernet functionality within

AutoSAR

• AutoSAR Ethernet Stack Configuration

and Toolchain capability

• Synchronisation of data between

networks

9

Jaguar Land Rover worked on a project with Vector to demonstrate:

BACKBONE ENABLED ARCHITECTURE

CHALLENGES

• To utilise Ethernet capability when sending data between different network types

− Configuration of triggering of container PDU’s

− Rules for Ethernet to non Ethernet communication to ensure that trade off between

gateway loading and network bandwidth is considered

10

FlexRay A

CAN A Ethernet Header

Ethernet Header

Ethernet Header

Ethernet Header

FlexRay frames CAN frames

Container PDUCollection Timeout = 60ms,

Contains CAN A, CAN B, CAN C, FlexRAY A, FlexRay B, FlexRay C

Ethernet Header

Ethernet Header

CAN B

10

20

30

40

10

20

30

40

50

60

CAN CFlexRay B

FlexRay C

CAN A

FlexRay ACAN A CAN B

FlexRay ACAN A CAN B FlexRay B CAN C

FlexRay CFlexRay ACAN A CAN B FlexRay B CAN C TRIGGER @ 40ms

Ethernet Header

Ethernet Header

Ethernet Header

Ethernet Header

Tim

e (m

s)

CAN A

CAN B

FlexRay A

FlexRay ACAN A CAN B

CAN A

CAN A

CAN A

CAN A

FlexRay ACAN A CAN B

FlexRay A

FlexRay A

TRIGGER @ 60ms (Partially filled PDU)

BACKBONE ENABLED ARCHITECTURE

CHALLENGES

• Communication with existing non AutoSAR

SOME/IP nodes

− Limited set of SOME/IP message types

supported in AutoSAR

− SOME/IP Configuration within ARXML

• Ethernet Start-up Timing

− Slower start-up times than seen on traditional

networks

− Configuration of switches at start-up

− Negotiation time between the nodes started

late

− No wake on LAN capability at time of

development

11

BACKBONE ENABLED ARCHITECTURE

CHALLENGES

• Time synchronisation over Ethernet

using IEEE 802.1 AS

− Meeting pDelay requirement for AS

Standard

• Switch vs Host Controller

Timestamping

− Accuracy & Predictability

• Time synchronisation over CAN &

FlexRay are different domains using

one global clock each with its own

synchronisation period

• Switchover of the GrandMaster

− Not supported in AutoSAR

12

BACKBONE ENABLED ARCHITECTURE

CHALLENGES

• Additional knowledge gained for configuring the switch

− VLAN Configuration – Static and runtime

− Traffic shapers and scheduler for bandwidth control

− Data Mirroring – Port based

• Switch Operating Modes

− Managed mode allows analysis and modification of special Ethernet packets e.g. PTP

− Managed mode more difficult to get working needs additional driver code/switch firmware

13

BACKBONE ENABLED ARCHITECTURE

CHALLENGES

• Configuration within AutoSAR

− Configuration of Time Sync for all classic buses

− Mixed AutoSAR versions - configuration and generation of ARXML files

− Diagnostics configuration (DoIP, DHCP/AutoIP)

− Analysis of generated ARXML/FIBEX contents

• Test Tools

− Tools with FIBEX with Ethernet support minimal

− Difficult to perform manual simulation for Ethernet as compared to traditional networks

− FIBEX with AutoSAR concepts e.g. container PDU/SOMEIP

14

NEXT GENERATION ARCHITECTURE

THE ROAD AHEAD

• Distributed Computer Network Programmed as a Car

• Automotive Plug and Play requires a Service Based Architecture

15

NEXT GENERATION ARCHITECTURE

Distributed Network Programmed as a Car

• Consumer electronic gadgets have given high expectations where consumers are happy to

receive new features by a software update

• High number of static network configurations currently used imposes limitations on how new

features can be updated

− A more dynamic methodology needs to be adopted

− Complexity of features and functions are growing at a higher rate

Service Based Architecture

• Resolve the increasing vehicle variants

• Hardware & Software Re-use

• Support bandwidth increase

16

NEXT GENERATION ARCHITECTURE

CHALLENGES

• Collection of single busses, partly

connected via gateways forwarding

specific messages

• Mainly sender centric transmission of

data, only a few services

• Moving of functions and ECUs

requires manual update of static

network configuration

• Detailed design and configuration of

each network variant required

(complex variant handling and

software logistics)

17

• Structured network with different speed

grades, access to any service from any

sub-network/bus

• Every function represented as a service

offered to apps/services (in the same

process, computing platform, network, or

in the cloud)

• Moving of functions and devices with

automatic update of network configuration

• Only network topology planning, all the

details shall be done automatically

Shift from Static to Dynamic Network

NEXT GENERATION ARCHITECTURE

DEMONSTRATIONS

• ConherenSE Middleware

• Automotive Plug and Play

• Described last year at the IEEE Automotive Ethernet and IP Tech Day

• Currently being demonstrated and analysed

• TSN in an SOA environment

• Currently being demonstrated and analysed

• Ultra low guaranteed latency

• Redundancy

• Network security solutions for SOA

• Currently being demonstrated and analysed

18

NEXT GENERATION ARCHITECTURE

FURTHER CHALLENGES

• Distributed Computer Network Programmed as a Car

− Vehicle as a Device

• Solutions for video transfer

• Security of access to I/O

• Proving Dependability

Lots of work still to do, will not be a single step to end game, physics and availability of

technology will help decide!

19

Jaguar Land Rover W/1/26 Abbey Road, Whitley Coventry CV3 4LF, UK

jaguarlandrover.com

THANK YOU Syreeta Bath Technical Specialist – Vehicle Communication Networks

Electrical, Electronic & Software Engineering

20

Sachin Shinde Senior Engineer – Vehicle Communication Networks

Electrical, Electronic & Software Engineering