ethernet basics – 8 routers. routers and routing definition of a router- a device which provides a...
TRANSCRIPT
Ethernet Basics – 8
Routers
Routers and Routing
• Definition of a router- A device which provides a path from a node on one network or subnet to a node on another network
• Definition of routing- the process of determining and end-to-end path between the sender and the receiver of a packet. There are 2 types:– Source routing- the source node determines the route and
includes it in special fields in the data frame. Source route bridging in Token Ring uses source.
– Hop-by-hop- The route between source and destination is determined along the way, hop by hop. Most routing protocols are hop-by-hop based.
• The routing protocols most used are RIP, RIPII and OSPF for standard protocols. They will be discussed in greater detail during the Routing/Layer 3 presentation
Routers
• A router has 2 main functions:– Connect networks together– Block broadcasts
• All the other functions that we have seen routers do are add-ons and are not part of the root functionality
• For routers to learn where the different networks are located within an area, a routing protocol is used to tell routers what network is off what router. There are 2 ways to do this…– Static- you manually script on each router where all the networks are.
This is very time and maintenance intensive– Dynamic- the routing protocol itself learns the attached networks and
sends this information automatically between all the routers.
• Routing Table- This table holds all the IP/Network layer information for the router much like the forwarding database on a switch holds the layer 2 location information for end devices. It also called an ARP cache for end device information.
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Routers divide broadcast domains
Andconnect networks
192.168.1.x255.255.255.0
192.168.2.x255.255.255.0
192.168.3.x255.255.255.0
Broadcast Domain
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Broadcast Domain
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Routers divide broadcast domains
Andconnect networks
192.168.1.x255.255.255.0
192.168.2.x255.255.255.0
192.168.3.x255.255.255.0
Broadcast Domain
Broadcast Domain
Broadcast Domain
Router- Network Layer
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