ethanol blended petrol and diesel
TRANSCRIPT
Presented By
Furkan AhmadElectrical Engineering
DepartmentZHCET
AMU Aligarh
Ethanol Blended Petrol and Diesel
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Content
Introduction
Ethanol blended petrol
Ethanol blended diesel
Availability
Advantages and Disadvantages
Conclusion
References
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Introduction
A "blend" is a mixture of two or more different things or
substances
Several common ethanol fuel mixtures are in use around the
world
Ethanol blended petrol
Ethanol blended diesel
Ethanol has been a gasoline additive since late 1970s
Primary role was air quality improvement
The use of pure hydrous or anhydrous ethanol in internalcombustion engines (ICEs) is only possible if the engines aredesigned or modified for that purpose.
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Ethanol Blended Petrol
Mixer of hydrous or anhydrous ethanol in Petrol called
Ethanol blended petrol
Ethanol fuel mixtures have "E" numbers which describe the
percentage of ethanol fuel in the mixture by volume
E85 is 85% anhydrous ethanol and 15% gasoline
Low-ethanol blends, from E5 to E25, are also known as
gasohol
Internationally the most common use of the term refers to the
E10 blend.
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Ethanol Blended Diesel Blends of ethanol with diesel fuel are often referred to as “E-
Diesel” or “eDiesel”.
Ethanol-diesel blends are also called “oxygenated diesel”
To get a stable blend able to use as a fuel, there is also a need
for an emulsifier or a solubiliser additive, half percent to 5
percent
As diesel blends containing methyl ester called biodiesel
In e-diesel blends, standard diesel fuel is typically blended with
up to 15%5
ED-diesel ED-diesel is a new fuel technology for low blend in diesel.
Instead of using pure bio-ethanol in diesel, which also requires
a stabilizing additive, an ethanol derivative is used.
This component is a molecule developed from ethanol, but has
more hydrophobic properties, and can easily be mixed with
diesel without any separation will occur.
The special ethanol derivative could alone be mixed up to
fifty-fifty in diesel, forming a stable blend, but for practical
use about 15 percent is an optimum
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Availability
E10 was introduced nationwide in Thailand in 2007
E10 is commonly available in the Midwestern United
States. It was also mandated for use in all standard
automobile fuel in the state of Florida by the end of 2010
Many petrol stations throughout Australia now also sell
E10, typically at a few cents cheaper per liter than regular
unleaded
Mandatory blending of ethanol was approved
in Mozambique, but the percentage in the blend has not
been specified
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Conti…
From January 2011, all 95-octane fuel in Finland is E10
South Africa approved a biofuel strategy in 2007, and
mandated an 8% blend of ethanol by 2013
A 2007 Uruguayan law mandates a minimum of 5% of
ethanol blended with gasoline starting in January 2015
The Dominican Republic has a mandate for blending 15% of
ethanol by 2015
Chile is considering the introduction of E5,
and Panama, Bolivia and Venezuela of E10.
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A blender pump is a multi fuel
blend dispenser that allows
customers to choose between
E20, E30, E85, or any other
preselected blend.
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Advantages of Ethanol blended fuels Ethanol is good for the environment
1. Lower CO, CO2, hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen emissions
2. Also has fewer volatile components than gasoline, which means
fewer emissions from evaporation.
Ethanol is widely available and easy to use
Ethanol is good for the economy
1. Ethanol production supports farmers and creates domestic job,
which also reduce dependency over foreign oil.
2. According to industry sources, the government can save
anywhere up to $3 billion a year, by blending E10.
The biggest advantage of e-diesel is its partially renewable character
Ethanol is an anti-freeze (ethanol-blend fuels will not freeze when air
temperature below freezing.
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Disadvantages of Ethanol Blended
fuels The energy content of ethanol is about 33% less than "pure"
gasoline which lead lower fuel mileage.
Ethanol can absorb water which may lead to metal corrosion,
phase separation.
It highly flammable and explosive compared to gasoline, need
more attention to handle in daily life.
Aldehyde a function of ethanol volume, is a threat to nose,
eyes, throat and possibly causes cancer.
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Conclusion
Changing consumer choice to ethanol can
1. Reduce dependency on foreign oil
2. Reduce pollution and clean the atmosphere
3. Slow climate change
4. Provide a more renewable fuel source
The use of ethanol blends in conventional gasoline vehicles is
restricted to low mixtures up to E10, as ethanol is corrosive and
can degrade some of the materials in the engine and fuel
system. Also, the engine has to be adjusted for a
higher compression ratio as compared to a pure gasoline engine
to take advantage of ethanol's higher oxygen content
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References
Alcohols/ethers as oxygenates in diesel fuel: Properties of
blended fuels and evaluation of practical experiences. IEA
Advanced Motor Fuels. Annex XXVI final report. Report
TEC 3/2005
Performance Evaluation of Alcohol-Gasoline Blends in 1980
Automobiles. Coordinating Research Council. No 527. July,
1982.
Potential Air Quality Effects of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Fuel
Blends: A Field Study in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Environ. Sci. Technol. Vol. 31, No. 11. 1997. Pgs. 3053-
3061
Setting the Ethanol Limit in Petrol. An Issues Paper Prepared
by Environment Australia 2002, ISBN: 0 642 54804 8
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Thankyou
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