PAINTS

SUBMITTED BY: VAIBHAV MUDGAL RITIKA ANAND PRAKRITI GUPTA

PAINTS

PAINT IS ANY LIQUID OR MASTIC COMPOSITION THAT AFTER APPLICATION TO A SUBSTRATE IN THIN LAYER , CONVERTS TO A SOLID FILM•IT IS A SIMPLY PIGMENT SUSPENDED WITH A LIQUID•IT IS USED TO DECORATE, PROTECT AND PROLONG THE LIFE OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC MATERIALS AND ACTS AS A BARRIER AGAINST ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

PIGMENT: IT IS USED TO IMPART COLOUR BINDER: A POLYMER, OFTEN REFERRED TO AS

RESIN, FORMING A MATRIX TO HOLD THE PIGMENT IN PLACE

EXTENDER: LARGER PIGMENT PARTICLES ADDED TO IMPROVE ADHESION , STRENGTHEN THE FILM AND SAVE BINDER

SOLVENT(THINNER): EITHER AN ORGANIC SOLVENT OR WATER IS USED TO REDUCE THE VISCOSITY OF THE PAINT FOR BETTER

ADDITIVES: USED TO MODIFY THE PROPERTIES OF THE LIQUID PAINT OR DRY FILM

CONSTITUENTS OF PAINT

EASE OF APPLICATIONGOOD FLOW OUT OF APPLICATION MARKS

FORMING A CONTINUOUS PROTECTIVE FILM HIGH OPACITY QUICK DRYING CORROSION, WATER AND HEAT RESISTANCE COLOUR STABILITY ABRASION AND SCRATCH RESISTANCE DURABILITY FLEXIBILITY EASILY CLEANED

PROPERTIES

IT CONSISTS OF PORTLAND CEMENT AND OTHER INGREDIENTS LIKE LIME, PIGMENTS, HYDROSCOPIC SALTS, WATER REPELLANTS, FUNGICIDES ETC.

COMPOSITION PORTLAND CEMENT 65% HYDRATED LIME 25% AND OTHER INGREDIENTS IN SUITABLE PROPORTIONS THE MATERIAL SHALL BE FREE FROM ORGANIC BINDERS THE MATERIAL SHALL BE IN THE POWDER FORM, FREE FROM

LUMPS WHEN MIXED WITH WATER DURABILITY: WHEN PREPARED AND TESTED FOR NORMAL

OUTDOOR EXPOSURE A GENERAL BREAKDOWN OF THE FILM PREPARED FROM THE REGISTERED SAMPLE SHALL NOT OCCUR IN LESS THAN 18 MONTHS

SPECIFICATIONS OF CEMENT BASED PAINT

PACKING: THE DRY MATERIAL SHALL BE PACKED IN POLYTHENE BAGS IN SUITABLE METAL/ PLASTICC CONTAINERS

MARKING: EACH CONTAINER SHALL BE MARKED WITH NAME OF THE MATERIAL INDICATION OF THE SOURCE OF MANUFACTURE MASS OF THE MATERIAL MONTH AND YEAR OF MANUFACTURE CHARACTER

REQUIREMENT DRYING TIME AND RECOATING PROPERTIES NOT MORE

THAN 24 HOURSFINISH SMOOTH

AND MALTCOLOUR CLOSE

MATCH TO THE

SPECIFIED IS CODE

COLOUR

DISTEMPER1.THIS IS PERHAPS THE MOST ECONOMIC TYPE OF PAINTING AVAILABLE IN INDIAN MARKET TODAY2.IT CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS WHITEWASH JOB3.THE MAJOR CONSTITUENT OF DISTEMPER ARE CHALK,LIME,WATER,AND SOME COLOURING AGENTS IF NECESSARY4.DISTEMPER IS WATER BASED PAINTS

EMULSIONS1.THIS TYPE OF PAINT IS ALSO WATER BASED PAINTS2.IT PROVIDES RICH AND MATT FINISH TO INTERIOR WALLS 3.THE DIFFERENTIATING FACTOR OF EMULSION PAINT IS ITS ACRYLIC QUALITY.4.ITS COMPOSITION IMPARTS EXCELLENT DURABILITY TO THE PAINTED SURFACEAND GIVES THE WALL AJUST PAINTED LOOK

WHITEWASHING WITH WHITING

PREPARATION OF MIX: WHITING (GROUND WHITE CHALK) SHALL BE DISSOLVED IN QUANTITY OF WARM WATER AND THOROUGHLY STIRRED TO FORM A THIN SLURRY WHICH SHALL THEN BE SCREENED TROUGH A CLEAN COARSE CLOTH . 2KG OF GUM AND 0.4 KG OF COPPERSULPHATE DISSOLVED SEPERATELY IN HOTWATER SHALL BE ADDED FOR EVERY CUM OF THE SLURRY WHICH SHALL THEN BE DILUTED WITH WATER TO THE CONSISTENCY OF MILK SO AS TO MAKE A WASH READY FOR USE

COLOUR WASHING

1.THE MINERAL COLOURS ,NOT AFFECTED BY LIME ,SHALL BE ADDED TO WHITE WASH .INDIGO (NEEL)SHALL HOWEVER ,NOT BE ADDED.2.NO COLOUR WASH SHALL BE DONE UNTIL THE SAMPLE OF COLOURWASH OF THE REQUIRED TINT OR SHADE HAS BEEN GOT APPROVED FROM THE ENGINEER- IN-CHARGE .3.THE COLOUR SHALL BE OF EVEN TINT OR SHADE OVER THE WHOLE SURFACE .IF IT IS BLOTCHY OR OTHERWISE BADLY APPLIED ,IT SHALL BE REDONE BY THE CONTRACTOR

4.FOR A NEW WORK,THE PRIMARY COAT SHALL BE OF WHITE WASH WITH LIME OR WITH WHITENING AS SPECIFIED IN THE DISCRIPTION OF ITEM.TWO OR MORE COATS SHALL BE THEN APPLIED ON THE ENTIRE SURFACE TILL IT REPRESENTS A SMOOTH AND UNIFORM FINISH.

5. FOR OLD WORKS ,AFTER THE SURFACE HAS BEEN PREPARED .A COAT OF COLOUR WASH SHALL BE APPLIED OVER THE PATCHES AND REPAIRS .THEN A SINGLE COAT ,OR TWO OR MORE COATS OF COLOUR WASH ,AS WRITTEN IN THE DISCRIPTION OF ITEM SHALL BE APPLIED OVER THE ENTIRE SURFACE THE COLOURED WASHED SURFACE SHALL PRESENT A UNIFORM FINISH

THE FINISHED DRY SURFACE SHALL NOT BE POWDERY AND SHALL NOT READILY COME OFF ON THE HAND WHEN RUBBED

OIL EMULSION (OIL BOUND)WASHABLE DISTEMPERING

MATERIALS

1. OIL EMULSION WASHABLE DISTEMPER OF APPROVED BRAND AND MANUFACTURE SHALL BE USED .2.THE PRIMER WHERE USED AS ON NEW WORK SHALL BE CEMENT PRIMER OR DISTEMPER PRIMER AS DESCRIBED IN THE ITEM.3.THESE SHALL BE OF THE SAME MANUFACTURE AS DISTEMPER.THE DISTEMPER SHALL BE DILUTED WITH WATER OR ANY OTHER PRESCRIBED THINNER IN A MANNER RECOMMENDED BY THE MANUFACTURER.ONLY SUFFICIENT QUANTITY OF DISTEMPER REQIRED FOR DAYS WORK SHALL BE PREPARED .

THE DISTEMPER AND PRIMER SHALL BE BROUGHT BY THE CONTRACTOR IN SEALED TINS IN SUFFICIENT QUANTITIES AT A TIME TO SUFFICE FOR FORTNIGHTS WORK,AND THE SME SHALL BE KEPT IN THE JOINT CUSTODY OF THE CONTRACTOR AND THE ENGINEER IN CHARGE .THE EMPTY TINS SHALL NOT BE REMOVED FROM THE SITE OF WORK ,TILL THIS ITEM OF WORK HAS BEEN COMPLETED AND PASSED BY THE ENGINEER IN CHARGE

PREPERATION OF THE SURFACE

1. FOR NEW WORK ,THE SURFACE SHALL BE THOROUGHLY CLEANED OF DUST,OLD WHITE OR COLOURWASH BY WASHING AND SCRUBBING.2THE SURFACE SHALL THEN BE ALLOWED TO DRY FOR ATLEAST 48 HOURS.3.IT SHALL BE THEN SAND PAPERED TO GIVE A SMOOTH AND EVEN SURFACE 4. ANY INEVENESS SHALL BE MADE GOOD BY APPLYING PUTTY,MADE OF POP MIXED WITH WATER ON THE ENTIRE SURFACE INCLUDING FILLING UP TO UNDULATIONSAND THEN SAND PAPERING THE SAME AFTER IT IS DRY.

5. IN THE CASE OF OLD WORKS ,ALL LOOSE PIECES AND SCALES SHALL BE REMOVED BY DSAND PAPERING .THE SURFACE SHALL BE CLEANED OF ALL GREASES,DIRT ETCPITTING IN PLASTER SHALL BE MADE GOOD WITH POP MIXED WITH THE COLOUR TO BE USED .THE SURFACE SHALL THEN BE RUBBED DOWN AGAIN WITH AFINE GRADE SAND PAPER AND MADE SMOOTH.A COAT OF THE DISTEMPER SHALL BE APPLIED OVER THE PATCHES .THE PATCHED SURFACE SHALL BE ALLOWED TO DRY THOROUGHLY BEFOPRE THE REGULAR COAT OF DISTEMPER IS APPLIED.

1. PRIMING COAT :THE PRIMING COAT SHALL BE WITH DISTEMPER PRIMER OR CEMENT PRIMER ,AS REQUIRED IN THE DISCRIPTION OF ITEM 2. IF THE WALL SURFACE PLASTER HAS NOT DRIED COMPLETELY ,CEMENT PRIMER SHALL BE APPLIED BEFORE DISTEMPERING THE WALLSBUT IF DISTEMPERING IS DONE AFTER THE WALL SURFACE IS DRIED COMPLETELY ,DISTEMPER PRIMER SHALL BE APPLIED.

Paint and natural wood finishes are an effective way to protect and decorate surfaces.

For a decorative finish coat to last and look as good as possible, the right base coats are essential. For interiors, a combined primer-first coat is a good option.

Interior Painting can be done by brush, rollers, pads and also through the method of spray gun.

Traditionally, homeowners had a choice between water-based and oil-based paints, but because they tend to have higher VOC levels, it's important to consider if oil-based paints are for you.

Interior Paints-Introduction

Most paints fall into one of the general categories of eggshell, semi-gloss, flat or gloss.

Paints can be categorized in two types i.e. Water based paint and Oil based paint.

There are different types of interior paints for e.g. Matt paint,Matt Enamel,SatinEggshell,Semi-Gloss,Gloss Paint etc.

Types Of Interior Paints

• low VOCs• easy cleanup with water• quick drying• an elastic, flexible finish resistant to cracking• stable color over time, without yellowing

Advantages of Water-based Paints

• attractive gloss• good "leveling" (brush strokes fill themselves in to create a smooth finish)• hard, durable finish. Oil Based Paints are popular for glossy woodwork,

doors, and furniture, as well as demanding surfaces such as floors.

Be cautious when switching to a water-based paint if the surface has previously been coated with an oil-based product, as the new paint may not stick. In this situation,washing the surface and then roughening it all over with a medium to smooth grit sandpaper—making it clean, dry, and dull in order to prevent peeling of the new coat.

Advantages of Oil-based Paints

When applying over a porus surface,mix wall and ceiling primer and undercoat with upto 20% water to make a diluted coat.this will seal the surface and promote adhesion.

Dilution rate will depend on the porosity of the surface.A rear patch is required to determine the correct dilution rate.

Finish with a full coat of wall and ceiling and undercoat to enhance the top coat colour.

For Plastering Skim plaster,Lined Walls

Sand down and then clean with a detergent. Apply one full coat of wall and ceiling primer and

undercoat to promote adhesion and enhance the top coat colour.

For plaster surface which are porous,chalky or slightly degraded but otherwise structurally sound,apply one coat of farrow and ball masonry and plaster stabilizing primer.

For Glossy or Oil Based Surface

Although latex- and oil-based paints can be applied with rollers or pads as well as brushes, cleaning them after using oil paints is difficult and will require lots of white spirit or thinner.

PrimerUse a brush, roller or pad.

First CoatUse a brush, roller or pad.

FlatUse a brush, roller, pad or sprayer.

Application Methods of Paints

When using more than one tin of the same colour check than the batch numbers are the same.

Stir paint thoroughly before use. Apply two coats using a brush or roller. On

application of the final coat lay off the paint in a single direction.

Estate emulsion modern emulsions, dead flat, full gloss and estate eggshell as eggshell are dry in two hours and can be recoated in four hours.

Clean brushes and rollers with warm soapy water.