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© Folens E S S E N T I A L I C T F O R W J E C A S L E V E L T E A C H E R S U P P O R T C D - R O M | Unit 1

TOPIC 1 Data, information and knowledge

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Activity ....................................................................................................................2Data or information?

Activity ..................................................................................................................3Why do they want to know?

Multiple-choice questions .................................................................................4

Answers ..................................................................................................................5


Topic 1 Data, information and knowledge

pp. 2–3Activity

Data or information?Complete the following by ticking each box to say whether each item is data or information.

Description of item Data Information

Bar code

Report showing monthly sales for two years

Tax code

Credit card number

National Insurance number

Credit card expiry date

Employee number

An itemised bill from a supermarket

A telephone number

A holiday booking confi rmation

A telephone bill

A postcode

Your mother’s maiden name

A bank sort code

An itemised list of all the calls and costs of calls made on a mobile phone

A credit card bill

An e-mail address

A printout from your school showing all your examination results

A list of pupils from a school computer system showing details of pupils with allergies

A car registration number



pp. 2–3Activity

Why do they want to know?Here are some questions marketing companies ask:

1 What month is your home insurance up for renewal?

2 Where is your next holiday likely to be?

3 What newspapers and magazines do you read?

4 Are you thinking of changing your car? If so, in which month are you considering changing?

For each of the above questions suggest why the question was asked and to which type of business the information would be useful.

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pp. 2–5Multiple-choice questions1 Which one of the following is incorrect?

Information is data which has been …?

A ProcessedB Converted to give it meaningC Entered into an ICT systemD Organised in some way

2 Which one of the following is not a reason for coding data?

A Typing in coded data takes less timeB It takes up less storage space (less important

as storage media is cheap)C It is easier to check that a code is accurate

using validation checksD Coding data makes it easier for humans to

understand

3 Which one of the following is correct?

A Data and information mean the same thingB Data is the result of processing informationC Data is a collection of facts and fi gures that

lacks relevanceD Data is either output on screen or as hard

copy

4 The following is entered into an ICT system: AS, E, 50, 45. This represents which one of the following?

A DataB InformationC ValidationD Output

5 Data can arise in a number of ways. Which one of the following is not a way that data would arise?

A From the results of a surveyB From the results of an experimentC From business transactionsD From an ASCII code

6 Which one of the following statements is false?

A Data is processed to produce informationB Data are details that are meaningless because

they lack relevanceC Information and data are the same thingD Data can be numbers


A Processing means performing calculations or arranging the data into a meaningful order

B Information is data which has been processed and gives us knowledge

C Sound is not an example of dataD A transaction is a piece of business, e.g. an

order, purchase, return, delivery, transfer of money, etc.

8 Before they are processed by a computer, raw facts and fi gures are referred to as which one of these?

A InformationB DataC RecordsD Details

9 Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

A Information is data which has been processedB Information is data which has been converted

to give it meaningC Information is always represented as a binary

codeD Information is data which has been organised

in some way


A Data represented as a code is sometimes meaningless

B A postcode is an example of a coding systemC S, M, L and XL are examples of codesD Codes are always kept secret



Activity Data or information?Ñ UNIT IT1 TOPIC 1 PDF PAGE 2

Description of item Data Information

Bar code ✓

Report showing monthly sales for two years

✓

Tax code ✓

Credit card number ✓

National Insurance number

✓

Credit card expiry date ✓

Employee number ✓

An itemised bill from a supermarket

✓

A telephone number ✓

A holiday booking confi rmation

✓

A telephone bill ✓

A postcode ✓

Your mother’s maiden name

✓

A bank sort code ✓

An itemised list of all the calls and costs of calls made on a mobile phone

✓

A credit card bill ✓

An e-mail address ✓

A printout from your school showing all your examination results

✓

A list of pupils from a school computer system showing details of pupils with allergies

✓

A car registration number ✓

Activity Why do they want to know?Ñ UNIT IT1 TOPIC 1 PDF PAGE 3

1 So that mail can be sent explaining discounts and special offers just before the person is due to renew their insurance. If the advertising material were sent at any other time, it would probably end up in the bin. Insurance companies, banks and building societies would send such material out.

2 So that holiday companies can send them out tailored information on the destination they have indicated. This information would be sent out by holiday companies.

3 So that companies know which magazines and newspapers are read by people who are most likely to buy their products or services.

Any companies who are selling goods or services to a specifi c group of people, such as holiday companies, wine clubs, etc.

4 So that the person can be sent details of new cars and offers on cars just before the time they have indicated they are thinking of changing their existing car. Car manufacturers or local main dealers would send such material out.

Questions 1 Ñ TEXTBOOK PAGE 6

1 (a) One mark for: No because there is no context.(b) One mark for ‘Data’ and one mark for a reason

such as: Data because they are just raw numbers without

any meaning.2 Any three from the following (one mark each):

Numbers or textWords or textImagesSoundVideo

3 Two marks for the differences and one for an example.Data is a set of meaningless values or raw values at the collection stage (1).Information is obtained from the data in the context of use (1). For example, a report showing a breakdown of sales for each product for each month over a year (1).

4 One mark for each relevant answer ×3. Any answers which cover processes outlined below:

Calculations (i.e., performing arithmetic on the input data)Logical operations (i.e., making decisions based on the input data)SearchingSortingSelectingRe-arrangingStructuringClassifyingMergingRecordingRetrievingTransmittingControlling.

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ANSWERS



ANSWERS (continued)

Questions 2 Ñ TEXTBOOK PAGE 6

1 One mark for a statement of the reason and an additional mark for further explanation or an example.

More data can appear on the screen (1) which is useful because it saves the user time in having to scroll to see it (1).Takes up less storage space (1) (less important as storage media is cheap), so more data can be stored on the same amount of storage (1).It is easier to check that a code is accurate (1) using validation checks, because they can check that the format of the code is correct (1).

Activity Is it data or information?Ñ TEXTBOOK PAGE 6

1 Data 2 Information3 Information4 Data5 Information

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Activity What codes are these?Ñ TEXTBOOK PAGE 6

1 Date of birth – used to identify a person in addition to their name.

2 Sex – used on many forms – driving licence, passport, etc.

3 Postcode – used to identify a group of houses in a geographical area.

4 Landline telephone number – area code 0151 tells you it is a Liverpool number.

5 Bank sort code number – identifi es a particular branch of a bank and can be seen on a bank cheque.

6 Airport codes – used on plane tickets or luggage labels or input when you want to book a fl ight.

7 Country codes for car stickers – seen on cars from abroad.

Multiple-choice questionsÑ UNIT IT1 TOPIC 1 PDF PAGE 4

1 C, 2 D, 3 C, 4 A, 5 D, 6 C, 7 C, 8 B, 9 C, 10 D

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