essential english for marine engineers and motor man
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Marine English for Engineers.TRANSCRIPT
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ESSENTIAL ENGLISH FOR MARINE ENGINEERS
CHAPTER 1
DIESEL ENGINES
TEXT I WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
internal combustion engine - двигатель внутреннего сгоранчяto ignite - зажигать, воспламенятьcombustion chamber камера сгоранияfour-stroke cycle - четырехтактный циклtwo-stroke cycle - двухтактный циклpiston - поршеньinlet - впуск (напр, воздуха, пара, воды), входное отверстиеsuction - всасываниеcompression - сжатиеworking stroke - рабочий ходexhaust - выхлопcrankshaft - коленчатый валlop dead centre TDC - верхняя мертвая точкаbottom dead centre §DC - нижняя мертвая точкаinlet valve - впускной клапанcylinder - цилиндрto rise - подниматьсяexhaust valve - выпускной клапанfinal - завершающийscavenge - продувкаport - отверстиеto drive out - выталкиватьremaining - остающийсяreturn stroke - обратный ходrocker arm - коромыслоfuel injector - форсункаcylinder head - крышка цилиндраwater cooling passage - зарубашечное пространствоcamshaft - распределительный валcam - кулачок, (кулачная шайба)gudgeon pin - поршневой палецconnecting rod - шатунcrankpin - мотылевая шейкаbottom end bearing - нижняя половинка мотылевого подшипникаcrank case - картер двигателяexhaust manifold - выхлопной коллектор газаturboblower - газотурбонагнетательcrosshead - крейцкопфpiston rod - шток поршняA-frame - станинаbedplate - фундаментная рама
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TEXT
The diesel engine is an internal combustion engine which ignites the fuel by injecting it into hot high pressure air in a combustion chamber. The diesel-engine has either a four - stroke or a two1- stroke cycle. A stroke is a travel of the piston betweert its extreme points.
The four stroke cycle consists of inlet (or suction), compression, power (or working stroke) and exhaust. This cycle is completed in two revolutions of the crankshaft. At the top dead centre (TDC) the inlet valve opens and fresh air is drawn in as the piston moves down - suction stroke. At the bottom dead centre (BDC) the inlet valve closes and the air in the cylinder js compressed as the piston rises-compression. Fuel is (injected as the piston reaches TDC ancj combustion takes place producing very high pressure ip. the gases. There gases force the piston down and at BDC the exhaust valve opens. The final stroke is the exhausting of the burnt gases as the piston rises to TDC
Exhaust
Figure 1.1. Four - stroke timing diagram.Диаграмма фаз газораспределения 4-х тактного двигателя.
The two - stroke cycle is completed in the two strokes of the piston during one revolution of the crankshaft: the upstroke (scavenge and compression and the downstroke (power and
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exhaust stroke). Instead of valves holes known as “ports” are used which are opened and closed by the sides of the pikon as it moves. When the piston is forced down on its forking stroke it uncovers (opens) the fechaust ports. The,burnt gases then begin to exhaust Ыс} the piston continues down until it opens the inlet or scavenge ports. Pressurised air then enters and drives out the remaining exhaust gases. The piston on its return stroke closes the inlet and exhaust ports. The air is then compressed as the piston moves to the top of its stroke.
Fu*l, Pud(П|«сЬоп in jectionbtqint *nds
Figure 1.2. Two - stroke timing diagram.(Figure 1.3. Cross - section of a four stroke diesel engine, p.4) (Figure 1.4. Cross-section of a two stroke diesel engine, p. 5)
TEXT 2 W ORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
i.e. - id est (лат.) single - acting engine double - acting engine opposed - piston type
crosshead type trunk piston type diameter to turn relativelyslow speed diesel engine medium speed diesel engine reduction gearbox
то естьдвигатель простого действиядвигатель двойного действиядвигатель с противоположно движущимисяпоршнямикрейцкопфный двигатель тронковый двигатель диаметр вращаться относительно низкооборотный дизель среднеоборотный дизель понижающий редуктор
Figure 1.3. Cross - section of a four stroke diesel engine.
gearing valve gear push rod pumptuned exhaust jacket3 - part liner lowerside rod crosshead main crosshead pulse turbocharger charge air cooler guides relief valve air manifold piston rod gland brake horsg power largp^jbore engine
зубчатая передачаклапанное распределительное устройствотолкательнасосразделенный выхлоп рубашкатрехсекционная втулка нижнийбоковой крейцкопфглавный крейцкопфимпульсный газотурбонагнетательохладитель продувочного воздуханаправляющиепредохранительный клапанвоздушный коллекторсальник штока поршняэффективная мощностьдвигатель с большим диаметром цилиндра
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Figure 1.4. Cross-section of a two stroke diesel engine..
TEXT
All modern diesel engines are single - acting, i.e. there is only one combustion space above the piston. The diesel engines may also be opposed piston type, crosshead type and trunk piston type. Large diesel engines, which have cylinder near 900 mm in diameter turn at the relatively slow speed at about 145 rpm and less. They are known as slow speed diesel engines. At this low speed the engine requires no reduction gearbox between it and the propeller. Medium speed diesel engines operate between 150 and 450 rpm, therefore they are connected to the propeller by gearing.
( Figure 1.5. Medium speed trunk piston engine, p. 6)( Figure 1.6. Opposed piston engine, p.7)( Figure 1.7. Large bore single-acting two stroke crossheed type engine, p.7)
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V A L V f > C E A R
*USH goo
T U N E O EjX H A U S T
C A M S H A f T
B E D P L A T E
Figure 1.5. Medium speed trunk piston engine.
U P P S И P I S T O N С О О L I N O W A T К Я
u p p c * P I S T O N
T U - A e O C H A * G E Я
M A I MC K O S S H C * D
• C O P L A T E
Figure 1.6. Opposed piston engine.
C O N S T A N T P f t C I S U R C ( X H A U t T И A N » f O I D
С Р А М K C A l i R E L I E F V A L V
TWO PARTC T L I N O E H c o v e n
W A T H J A C R I T
P I S T O N * S K I Й Т '
P I S T O N P O O G L A N D S
C A M S H A F T
P K T O N C O O L I N G P C C I P P I P C 1
FRAMES
• e O P L A T E
Figure 1.7. Large bore single-acting two stroke crosshead type engine.
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ОЙЕХТЗ
OPERATING^ PROCEDURES
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
to circulate supply tank draincontrol equipmentequipmentalarmindicator cock turning gear to engage
auxiliary scavenge blower manually operated to disengage to turn over on air direction handle ahead asternmanoeuvring handle to move to reach firing speed running position
циркулировать расходная цистерна дренаж, спускное отверстие приборы управления оборудованиесйгнализация, тревога, защита
/индикаторный кранвалоповоротное устройство или механизмсоединять, включать, находиться в зацеплении (озубчатых колесах)вспомогательныйпродувочный вентиляторс ручным управлениемзд. выводить из зацепленияпроворачивать (двигатель) на воздухерукоятка направления вращениявпередназадрукоятка маневрирования двигать, передвигать достигать обороты пуска режим работы
TEXT А
PREPARATION FOR STANDBY
1 Before starting a diesel engine should be warmed through by circulating hot water through the jackets, etc.2. The various supply tanks, filters, valves and drains should be checked.3. The lubricating oil pumps and circulating water pumps should be started.4. All control equipment and alarms should be examined.5. The indicator cocks are opened, the turning gear engaged and the engine turned through several complete revolutions.6. The fuel oil system is checked and circulated with hot oil.7. Auxiliary scavenge blowers, if manually operated should be started.8. The turning gear is disengaged and if possible the engine should be turned over on air before closing thejndicator cocks.
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TEXT В
ENGINE STARTING
1. The direction Handle is positioned ahead or astern'.2. The manoeuvring handle is moved to “START”3. When the enginfe reaches its firing speed the manoeuvring handle is moved to the running position.
TEXT 4
MAINTENANCE
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
maintenance - содержание и техническое обслуживание, техническая эксплуатация, уход, (текущий) ремонт
daily - ежедневноdipstick - футштокto stand still - находиться не в рабочем состоянииat least - по крайней мереdraining - сливto unscrew - отвйнчиватьto screw - завинчиватьdrain plug - сливная пробкаbottom - дно, днищеcrankcase картер двигателяto fill - наполнятьto refill - наполнять вновьrefilling - повторное наполнениеto wipe - протиратьinside - внутри, внутренняя сторонаrag - ветошьfluff - пух, пушок, ворсcotton waste • зд. хлопчатобумажная ветошьto dip - погружать, окунатьlube oil suction strainer - фильтр масла на входеsump - отстойник, сборник, сточная цистернаto examine ~ проверятьfrequently - частоcrack - трещинаupper - верхнийpiston ring - поршневое кольцоdepending on - в зависимости отcondition - состояниеdeposits - отложенияcarbon - нагарexcessive - излишнийexternally - с наружной стороны
10'
scale накипиwearf износto renew заменятьtop верхняя{частьto adjust регулировал?»clearance зазорalso такжеjoint соединениеlever рычагalignment регулировка, выравнивающая центровка, настройка,
bearingпросветка (^инийвала)подшипник
readings , показания, данные, замерыto take readings делать замеры, брать показания (приборов)
TEXT
Check the lube oil pressure daily. The pressure should be 1,5 Kg per sq.cm = 21 lbs/sq. in (psi). Keep the oil level up to the full mark of the dipstick. Make control when the engine stands still. The lube oil should be changed the first time after 50 working hours, the next time after another 150 working hours and then atideast once a year. Draining is made by unscrewing the drain plug at the bottom of the crankcase just after stopping the engine when the oil is warm and easy to drain. Before refilling with fresh oil wipe out the inside of the crankcase with a clean rag (use material free from fluff do not use cotton waste). Dip the rag in gas oil and clean the lube oil suction strainer placed on the drain plug and clean the sump.When changing the lube oil, clean the lubricating oil filter with petrol or gas oil. Refill the sump with fresh lube oil.
Pistons should be examined frequently for cracks. The upper piston rings should be examined once a month during the first six months service and than as necessary depending on their condition. At intervals of six months piston heads if cooled must be examined for deposits of carbon in cooling spaces and cooling pipes. Exhaust valves, manifold and cylinder ports should also be examined and excessive carbon deposits should be removed. Cylinder liners must be examined externally for deposits of scale. The liners should also be examined for wear and renewed if necessary. The clearance of the connecting rod - top and bottom ends should also be examined and adjusted if necessary. At intervals of one year the manoeuvring gear shbuld be examined for wear, at the joints of levers and rods. The alignment of the crankshaft should be checked and corrected if necessary. The main bearings should be examined and readings taken for wear.
TEXT 5
IRREGULARITIES IN OPERATION, CAUSES AND REMEDIES
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
симгггрм, признак причинасредство, мёра (против чего-то), зд. способ
symptomcauseremedy
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insufficient _уотранеция неисправности недостаточный
to leak - прЪ+екэть, пропускать воду, просачиватьсяto stick заклинивать, прилипать, заедать, застреватьto grind' ,<b- притирать (клапан), шлифовать, полироватьto replace - заменять, ставить на местоto mill - обрабатывать на станке, фрезероватьvalve seat - гнездо, седло клапанаspindle - вал, ось, стержень, палецgroove - канавка, выемка, желоб, пазto wear (wore, worn) - изнашиватьсяworn - изношенныйto loosen - ослаблятьto break (broke, broken) - лома1ъ(ся)broken - сломанный, разбитыйslack - слабый, ненатянутый <spring - пружинаscratch - царапинаto be out of order - быть в неисправностиto be in order - бьпъ в исправностиnozzle needle valve - сопловый игольчатый клапан (форсунка)to release - v освобождать, выпускатьif required = if necessary - если необходимоloose - свободный, незакрепленныйto tighten - затягиватьlining - внутренняя обшивкаto repair ремонтироватьshortly afterwards < — вскоре послеafter a while - спустя некоторое времяempty - пустойto airate - удалять воздухto choke - заглушать, засорятьcapacity - мощностьexcessive - чрезмерныйwaste - отходы, отбросыplunger - плунжерsleeve - рукав, втулка, гильза, муфтаthoroughly. - тщательноgovernor drive - привод регулятора, перемещающий приводto lose (lost, lost) - терятьunder load - при нагрузкеadjustment - регулировкаsluggishly - медленно, вялоsmell - запахlanguid^ - вялый, медленныйmovement - движениеgovernor arm - рычаг (рукоятка) регулятораto become (became, become). - становитьсяoblique - косой, наююнный
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by blows or the like to interrupt to knock ignitiontoo advanced ignitionfaultcrackedrestartflywheelto lockto smoketo overloadto reduceconsumptionto increaseseal ringslackowing to = due to = because ofescapeleakageto remedy a fault fan belt to'overflow overflow overflow valve to jar misfire to cover
от ударов или нечто подобногопрерыватьстучатьзатшгание, воспламенение слишком ускоренное зажигание неисправность, повреждение, дефект треснувшийвновь запустить двигательмаховикзакрыватьдымитьсяперегружатьснижать, уменьшатьпотреблениеувеличиватьуплотнительные кольцаотсутствиеиз-заутечка, просачивание, выпуск течьустранить неисправность ремень вентилятора переливаться через край переливпереливной (перепускной) клапан вибрироватьпропуски зажигания, перебои в зажигании покрывать
Irregularities in Operation, Causes and Remedies.
Symptom: Cause: Repedy:
1. Starting difficulties.
Insufficientor no compression.
Inlet and exhaust valves / leaking.
Inlet and exhaust valves sticking.
С / Insufficient rocker arm clearance.
Piston rings sticking in grooves, or worn.
Grind or ref)lace valves, mill the seats.
Oil the valve spindles with gas oil, or remove valves for cleaning.
Adjust valves.
Loosen rings and replace them if necessary.
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Symptom; Cause: Remedy:
It £ / Valve springs broken or slack.
Replace springs.
fl ( ^ / Cylinder liner worn. Replace.
tf /{ У Cylinder liner scratched. Replace.
Fuel valve out of order.
Nozzle needle valve sticking or leaking.
Release it. grind or replace if required.
Fuel pumps give no Pressure valve sticking or insufficient or leaking, pressure.
Clean it, replace if required.
И Pressure valve holder loose
Tighten.
H С -/ Piston and lining worn. Replace.
Insufficient or no fuel supply.
Air in fuel system. Ventilate.
M ^ Fuel lift pump defective. Repair pump and ventilate fuel system.
2. Engine starts, but stops shortly afterwards.
Engine starts,-but stops after a while
& / Fuel tank empty. Fill tank and remove air from fuel system.
If Air in fuel system. Airate.
tf о / Fuel filter choked. Clean the filter.
3. Engine does not reach maximum capacity
Insufficient or no See under "Startingcompression. difficulties".
Fuel valves out of "order.
Excessive waste of Fuel pump plungers worn. Replace plungers and
1 —' 1 iTCausedrfMMMtplSymptom: Remedy;
oil from fuel pumps.
Engine takes load only momentarily
Engine does not reach full speed.
Engine loses too much speed under load.
Smell of heat.
Fuel supply blocked, fuel pump out of order.
Governor drive broken.
Incorrect adjustment of governor, or something
in the system works sluggishly.
Insufficient cooling water.
4. Engine speed too high.
Languid movements Governor arm has becomeof governor arm. oblique by blows or the
like.
Incorrect adjustment of governor.
5. Engine knocks.
Ignition too Incorrect adjustment ofadvanced. fuel oil pumps.
Mechanical faults. Connecting rod boltsloose.
Mechanical faults. <2/ Hot or worn bearings.
" $ / Flywheel loose.
" c / Worn pistons and linings.
sleeves.
Check the whole fuel system thoroughly
Adjust or replace governor spring.
Adjust governor. Check governor system, and correct the defect.
Stop engine, fill in cooling water when the engine has cooled off.
Stop engine quickly by interrupting the fuel supply and check the governor system.
Adjust governor.
Adjust correctly
Check connecting rod bolts thoroughly If cracked or defect, replace them. Tighten nuts
Replace bearing lining,check lube oil system, correct fault if any before restartingTighten nut and lock it.
Replace them.
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Symptom i Cause: Remedy:
6v Engine smokes.
Black smoke from гг/A ir filter choked, engine.
" Fuel valve out oforder.
" < ?/ Insufficient compression.
" Engine overloaded.
H Thermostat valve leaking.
Black smoke from Lube oil forces its way engine. past leaky piston and
oil rings into combustion chamber.
7. Excessive fuel oil consumption.
Engine runs hot. Engine overloaded.
Insufficientcompression.
Leaky fuel system. Fuel pipes leaking.
" Fuel pump plungers andlinings worn.
Increasing oil level.
Fuel lift pump diaphragm defective.
Engine smokes. л / Fuel valves out of order.
H $ / Thermostat valve leaks.
8. Excessive lubricating oil consumption.
Lube oil enters л /о а and piston rings combustion chamber, worn.
" Pistons and cylinderlinings worn.
Clean filter.
See under "Starting difficulties”.
Reduce load.Never overload.
Replace valve.
Replace oil and piston rings.
Reduce load(never overload).
See under "Starting difficulties".
Repair or replace.
Replace defective parts.
Replace diaphragm.
Clean and adjust valves.
Replace valve.
Replace rings.
Replace defective parts.
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Symptom г
Lube oil leaks out of crank shaft end bearings.
Cause:
Oil seal rings and bearings worn.
9. Engine runs hot.
Smell of heat. No codling water
Cooling water temperature too high.
Engine overloaded.
Lack of fooling water owing to defective cooling water pump or escape of water from leakage.
Cooling water too л /befective thermostat, high.
* ^ Fan belt too loose.
" с / Radiator choked.
" Pressure vacuum valveout of order.
Lube oil pressure c l/ Lube oil filter choked, insufficient.
" $ / Lube oil pump defective.
" с / Lube oil pressure lineleaks.
" tffy / Defective lube oiloverflow valve.
10. Engine jars.
Engine misfires. <&■/ Air in fuel system.
Fuel valves out of order.
__________Remedy:
Replace seal nngs and repair bearings.
Stop engine, fiU up with cooling water when engiije cooled off.
Unload engine.
Remedy the fault.
Replace thermostat.
Tighten belt.
Clean radiator.
Repair valve.
Clean filter.
Repair pump.
Repair or replace line.
Repair valve.
Ventilate. See under "Starting difficulties" and "Engine does not reach maximum capacity".
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Symptom: Cause: Remedy:
II. Normal operation temperature is m>t reached.
Too low a cooling (^/Thermostat defective Replace thermostat,water temperature. /
" Air temperature too low. Cover radiator
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feedwater in order to to produce watertube boiler firetube boiler furnacecombustion chamberto releasedrumto provideto separatefittings
to ensure to enterto pass through to pass outside to surround large - bore downcomer tubes to join superheater burnerwater wall tube water wall header alternative wind box
generating tube floor tube funnel stageforced draught fan = FD fan incoming feedwater attemperator
CHAPTER 2
BOILERS
TEXT 1 WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
питательная вода для того, чтобы вырабатывать, производить водотрубный паровой котел огнетрубный паровой котел топкакамера сгорания выделять барабан обеспечивать разделять, отделятьарматура, фитинговые соединения(трубопроводов)обеспечиватьвходитьпроходить через проходить снаружи окружатьс большим (внутренним) диаметромнисходящие трубкисоединятьпароперегревательфорсункаводогрейная трубка топочного экранаколлектор топочного экранаальтернативное воздухонаправляющееустройствоводогрейная труб(к)аднищевая трубадымовая трубаступень, цикл, стадиякотельный вентиляторпоступающая питательная водарегулятор температуры пара
TEXT
A boiler is used to heat feedwater in order to produce steam. There are watertube and firetube boilers. All boilers have a furnace or combustion chamber where fuel is burnt to release its energy. A drum must be provided where steam and water can separate. Finally there must be a number of fittings which ensure safe operation of the boiler.
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The feedwater enters the boiler where it is heated and becomes steam. The feedwater circulates from the steam drum to;tbe water , drum and is heated in the process. Some ofTthe feedwater passes through the tubes surrounding the furnace, where it is heated "nd returns to the drum. Large - bore downcomer tubes pass outside of the furnace and join the steam and water drums. They are used to circulate feedwater between the drums. The steam is produced in a steam drum and may be drawn off for use from here.
The steam may also pass to a superheater which is located within the boiler.The hot gases produced in furnace heat the feedwater, produce steam and superheat the
steam from the boiler dam. The gases then pass over an economiser through which the feedwater passes before it enters the boiler.
Figure 2.1. Simplified boiler arrangement.
TEXT 2
applicatione. g. (exempli gratia- лат.) upper header screen tubes lower header packaged unit
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONSприменение например верхний коллектор экранные трубы нижний коллектор агрегат
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package boiler access ladder gas exit flange blow <- down valve water inlet strainer main stop valve lifting lugdouble spring safety valve forced draught fan compartment pressure gauge hinged doorpressurised plenum chamber combustion appliance
котлоагрегат трац Для доступа фланёц выпускных газов продувочный клапан входной водяной фильтр главный стопорный клапан подъемный обухсдвоенный предохранительный клапан кожух, котельного вентилятора манометр навесная дверькамера повышенного давления топочное устройство
TEXT
WATER - TUBE BOILER
In the water tube boiler feedwater passes through the tubes surrounded by hot gases. It is used for high pressure, high temperature, high capacity steam applications, e.g. providing steam for the main propulsion turbine or cargo pump turbines.
( Figure 2.2. Water-tube boiler, p.21)
FIRE - TUBE BOILER
In the fire - tube boiler the hot gases pass through the tubes surrounded by water. Most fire - tube boilers are now supplied as a completely packaged unit. This will include the oil burner, fuel pump, forced draught fan, feed pumps and automatic controls for the system.
( Figure 2.3. Package boiler, p.22)
TEXT 3
BOILER MOUNTINGS
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONScertain определенный
относиться, ссылаться, зд. называтьсягарнитура(котла)устанавливать
to refer to mountings to mount to protect to fit
защищать устанавливать главный паропроводmain steam supply line
non - return valve auxiliary steam supply line feed check or control valve water - level gauge air release cock
невозвратный клапан вспомогательный паропровод
водомерное стекло воздуховыпускной кран
регулировочный клапан
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Figure 2.2. Water-tube boiler.
to raise initially sample outlet cock to enable scum valve shallow dishspring loaded safety valve capcompression nut split ring helical spring valve spindle bush valve lid valve seat cotter
поднимать в начальной стадии проба, образец выпускной кран давать возможность клапан верхнего продувания тарельчатая сеткапружинный предохранительный клапан колпакрегулировочная гайка разрезное кольцо спиральная пружина шток клапана втулкатарелка клапана седло клапана шплинт
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Main steam stop valve
Doub1* safety vahtt
Access ladder and platform
Forced draught f^n compartment
Blow-down «•Ivt
Water inlet ■ramtr
Pressure gauge
Forced draught fan
Hinged door
Prettunxed plenum chamber
CombustionAppliance
Control pen*!
Fe*d p4**p
Figure 2.3. Package boiler.
паровпускной канал висячий замокразгружающее подрывное устройство паровыпускной канал
TEXT
Certain fittings are necessary on a boiler to ensure its safe operation. They are usually referred to as boiler mountings.
They are:Safety valves which are mounted in pairs to protect the boiler against overpressure Main steam stop valve which is fitted in the main steam supply line and is usually of the
non - return type. Auxiliary steam stop valve which is fitted in the auxiliary steam supply line and is usually of the non - return type.
Feed check or control valve. A pair of non - return valves are fitted: one is the main valve, the other - the auxiliary or stand by.
Water level gauges which are fitted in pairs at opposite ends of the boiler.Pressure gauges which are fitted to provide pressure readings.Air release cocks which are fitted to release air when filling the boiler or initially raising
steam.
steam inlet padlock easing gear steam outlet
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Sampling connection. A water cutlet cock and cooling arrangement is provided for th£ sampling and analysis of the feed water.
тахт 4OPFRATION AND MAINTENANCE
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONSfeedwater treatment - водоподготовкаpure - чистыйto contain - содержатьdissolved - растворенныйsolution - растворto adhere (to) - прилипатьsurface - поверхностьscale - накипьheat transfer - теплопередачаto result in - приводить кlocal - местныйto remain - оставатьсяacid - кислотаto attack - атаковывать (зд. вызывать коррозию)therefore - поэтомуto employ - применятьactual - действительный, фактическийto involve - включать в себя, вовлекатьto add - добавитьchemicals - химикатыto test - проверятьtest kit - зд. переносная лабораторияmanufacture - производительregular - регулярныйto cut to а п - сокращать до минимумаotherwise - иначеto plug заглушатьuptake - дымоходdamper - заслонкаvent - вентиляционное отверстие, вентиляционный клапанslightly - слегкаbelow - нижеde-aerated water - деаэрированная водаvarious - различныйif any - если таковые имеютсяto bypass - байпассировать, перепускатьbypass - байпас, перепускной клапан
24
C om prcstionnut
Split ring
■ S ln m inl«t
Figure 2.4. Ordinary spring loaded safety valvp
25
air slide (check) burner t ) match to issue valueto put on a load carefully to observe-fa » Cye]
воздушная заслонка форсунка соответствовать выходить, вытекать величинаставить под нагрузкутщательнонаблюдать
TEXT
FEED WATER TREATMENT
Modem high - pressure, high temperature boiler requires very pure feed water. Most pure water contains some dissolved salts which come out of solution on boiling. These salts then adhere to the heating surfaces as a scale and reduce heat transfer which can result in local overheating or failure of the tubes. Other salts remain in solution and may produce acids which will attack the metal of the boiler. Therefore feedwater treatment is employed. The actual treatment involves adding chemicals into the samples of boiler water with a test kit. This test kit is usually supplied by the treatment chemical manufacturer with simple instructions for its use. Regular and correct use of marine chemicals will cut corrosion to a minimum. Otherwise due to corrosion a number of tubes of a ship’s boiler may start leaking and have to be plugged which results in a low working pressure of the boiler.
PREPARATIONS
The uptakes should be checked; any dampers should be operated and then correctly positioned. All vents, alarm, water and pressure gauge connections should be opened. The superheater circulating valve or drains should be opened. All the other boiler drains and blowdown valves should be checked. The boiler should then be filled to slightly below the working level with hot de-aerated water. The various header vents should be closed. The economiser should be checked. The operation of the forced draught fan should be checked and exhaust gas air heaters if any should be bypassed. The fuel oil system should be checked for correct positioning of valves. The fuel oil should then be circulated and heated.
RAISING STEAM
The forced draught fan should be started and air passed through the furnace for several minutes. The air slides (checks') at every register except " the lighting up и burner should then be closed . The operating burner should then be lit and adjusted. The fuel oil pressure and forced draught pressure should be matched. The superheater header vents may be closed once steam issues from them. When the drum pressure is about 210 К Pa (2:1 bar ) the drum air vent may be closed. The boiler must be brought slowly up to the working pressure . The main and auxiliary steam lines should now be warmed through and then the drains closed. The water level gauges should be blown through and checked for correct reading. When the steam pressure is about 300 k Pa (3 bar) bfclow the normal operating value the safety valves should be lifted and released using the easing gear.
Once at operating pressure the boiler may be put on load and the superheater circulating valves closed. All other vents, drains and bypasses should then be closed. The water
26
level i&.the boiler should be carefully checked and arrangements observed for correct operatioa
TEXT 5
the . automatic water regulating
IRREGULARITIES IN OPERATION, CAUSES AND REMEDIES
faulty penetratibn cutoff vaive Valve disc to shut dfcrwn to light sediment
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS- неисправный- проникновение- запорный (отсечный) клапан- тарелка клапана- выключить,остановить -зажигать- осадок, отстой, отложение
TEXT
SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDY
The water level in the boiler is rising
1 .Faulty automatic water regulating arrangement.
1.Repair the automatic water regulating arrangement or change to manual control of the water level.
2. Penetration of solid particles under the water level regulator valve.
2.Shut off the cutoff fetd valve, dismantle the water level regulator, remove the particles from the valve seat and the disc.
Loss of water level 1. Faulty automatic water level regulator.
2.The blow down valves are not tight enough
3.The boiler tubes and manifolds are not tight.
4 Faulty feed pump.
1.Repair the regulator or change to manual control of the water level.2. Shut down the boiler, let it cool, drain the boiler, repair or replace the valve. 3.Shut down the boiler for repairs.
4.Eliminate the fault and put the spare pump in operation.
Safety valve is 1 .Steam pressure in the 1.Lower the steam pressureclosed boiler is rising to the required level.
27
SYMPTOM
The boiler won't light.
CAUSE
2 .Faulty safety valve.
3. Wrong adjustment of the safety valve.
1 .There is some water in the fuel.2.Faulty оД burning arrangement.
REMEDY
2. Shut down the boilei, repair or replace the safety valve.
3.Adjust the safety valve to the required pressure.
1.Drain the sediment out of the fuel tank.2.Repair or replace the oil- burning arrangement.
Boiler automatic Faulty automatic system. Eliminate the fault or changeoperation program to manual control,is effected wrongly
28
CHAPTER3
PUMPS
TEXT 1 WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
- всасывающий трубопровод- нагнетательный трубопрово- высота всасывания- высота нагнетания- разница, различие- по отношению, относительно- насос объемного типа- осевой насос- центробежный насос- поршневой насос- роторный насос- нагнетательный клапан- происходить- воздушный демпфер- предохранительный клапан- защищать- регулировочный винт- пружина- колпак- тарелка- корпус- посредством- захватывать- толкать
- выход- в соответствии с
rotary vane displacement pump - роторный лопастный объемный насос gear displacement pump - шестеренный (зубчатый) объемный насосscrew displacement pump - винтовой объемный насос
suction piping discharge piping suction head discharge head difference with respect to displacement pump axial flow pump centrifugal pump reciprocating pump rotary pump discharge valve to occur air vessel relief valve to protect adjusting screw spring bonnet assv disk bodyby means of to trap to force outletaccording to
casmgglanddriving shaft to accelerate guide vane to arrange to convert velocity thrust bearing bearing housing diffuser piece impeller to flow volute
- корпус, кожух- уплотнение- ведущий вал- ускорять- направляющая лопатка- располагать- преобразовывать- скорость- упорный подшипник- корпус подшипника- диффузорная часть- крылатка -течь- улитка
29
$ingle-entry centrifugal pump - односекционный, Центробежный насос i^ouble-entry centrifugal pump - двухсекционный центробежный насос liquid path discharge nozzle impeller rotation motor half coupling spacer bearing bush motor support bracket top cover soft packed gland shaft coupling globe valve non-return valve check valve gate valve handwheel wedge face wedge gate
- отверстие для вывода жидкости- нагнетательный патрубок- зд-направление вращения крылатки- приводная полу-муфта- шайба, распорка, прокладка- втулка подшипника- суппорт,зд: станина электромотора- верхняя крышка
- мягкая набивка- соединительная муфта валопровода- тарельчатый клапан- невозвратный клапан- пробный клапан- клинкетный клапан- маховик- поверхность клина- посадочное место клина
TEXT
A pump is a machine used to raise liquids from a low- point to a high point. A pumping system on a ship consists of suction piping, a pump and discharge piping. Every pump has a power end, which may be a steam turbine or an electric motor and a liquid end where'the liquid enters or leaves the pump. The typical characteristics for the pump are the suction head and the discharge head .The suction head is the pressure of the liquid entering the pump or the difference in the level of liquid with respect to the level of the pump on the suction side. The discharge head is the pressure of the liquid leaving the pump or the level of liquid with respect to the level of the pump on the discharge side.
There are three main classes of pumps in marine use: displacement, axial flow and centrifugal.Displacement pumps can be either reciprocating or rotary. The operating principle of the reciprocating displacement pump is the following. As the piston moves upwards suction takes place below the piston and liquid is drawn in, лШ1е the discharge valve is closed. Aboye the piston liquid is discharged and the suction valve is closed. As the piston travels down the operations of suction and discharge occur on opposite sides.
(Figure 3.1 Diagrammatic reciprocating displacement pump. p.30)
A relief valve is always fitted between the pump suction and discharge chambers to protect the pump against excessive pressure.
( Figure 3.2 Relief valve, p.31)
The rotary displacement pumps operate bv means of rotary parts which trap the liquid at the suction side and force it through the discharge outlet. According to the type of fotary elements there are rotary vane displacement pumps.gear displacement pumps and screw displacement pumps.
30
Figure 3.1 Diagrammatic reciprocating displacement pump
( Figure 3.3 Rotary displacement pumps: (a) rotary vane displacement pump, (b) screw displacement pump, p 32)
An axial flow pump uses a screw propeller to axially accelerate the liquid. The outlet passages and guide vanes are arranged to convert the velocity increase of the liquid into a pressure.
( Figure 3.4 Axial-flow pump.p.33)
In a centrifugal pump liquid enters the centre of the impeller and flows radially out between the vanes. A diffuser or volute is then used to convert most of the kinetic energy in the liquid into pressure. There are single-entry or double-entrv centrifugal pumps.
( Figure 3.5 Centrifugal pump operation.p.33)
( Figure 3.6 Single-entry centrifugal pump.p.34)
( Figure 3.7 Double-entry centrifugal pump.p.35)
31
Figure 3.2 Relief valve
Various valves are fitted to the pumps. These include the following: globe valves: лоп-retum or check valves: relief valves (see fig. 3.2).
( Figure 3.8 Globe valve, p.36)
( Figure 3.9 Non-return valve.p.37)
( Figure 3.10 Gate valve, p.38)
TEXT 2
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONSto flow out - вытекатьdirection - направлениеrotation - вращениеto indicate - указыватьarrow - стрелкаrequirement - требованиеammeter - амперметрto exceed - превышатьpossible - возможный
32
Screw| Discharge
Bearing
(b|
Driving«baft
Figure 3.3 Rotary displacement pumps: (a) rotary vane displacement pump, (b) screw displacement pump.
rating - расчетная величинаtightness - герметичность, зд: затяжкаpacking gland - сальник, уплотнение валаdrop - капляto prevent - предотвращатьharmful - вредныйoutput - производительность
33
Qiand
Figure 3.4 Axial-flow pump
Valutacainf
lm p*U«rCuing
tfia ft
Ewgy coowrdon fcinetk tofKcnurt ImptCrr
Oitcftarqa -юг: I* Cnmf Pump d iE tw g*
O tIlu M r
V0K1M O 'f fu w 1yp«
Figure 3.5 Centrifugal pump operation
34
Figure 3.6 Single-entry centrifugal pump
TEXT
Starting ( the centrifugal pump and axial flow pump)1) Open the suction check valve wide, opening at the same time the air vent on the top
side.2) Close the air vent as soon as liquid flows out of it.3) Start the motor leaving the discharge valve closed.4) Check that direction of rotation is as indicated by the arrow.5) Slowly open the discharge check valve until operating requirements are reached.6) Check on the ammeter that power requirements do not exceed the motor possible rating.7) Check tightness of the packing gland. Leaks must be reduced to a few drops which is
required to prevent harmful heating of the packings and the shaft.
DURING OPERATIONThe pump output is to be controlled by operating on the discharge valve and never on
the suction valve which must always remain wide open.
35
Pumping «•«meritrrmovjJ gear
Couplirjq ip ac tr*
SK»ft coupling
Soft p acked qlandN
Motor jupport
4Baarinf buФ
Imp«Наг . __ „<магГ(п«
lmp«(Nr
Figure 3.7 Double-entry centrifugal pump
STOPPING.After switching off the motor close the suction and the discharge valves of the pump.
TEXT 3
IRREGULARITIES, THEIR CAUSES AND REMEDIES
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS loss - потеряobstruction - помеха, препятствие
36
Figure 3.8 Globe valve
to deliver - подавать, доставлятьinsufficient - недостаточныйto result from - возникать в результатеpartially - частичноpassage - проходto rupture - прорывать, разрыватьto eliminate -устранятьcapacity - производительностьleakage -течьstuffing box - корпус сальникаtrouble - неисправность
37
Figure 3.9 Non-return valve
TEXT
SYMPTOM CAUSE REMEDYReciprocating pumps
Loss of suction 1) Obstructions in the suction Check suction valvesline.2) Air in the system. Open the air cocks
vents on the liquid end valve chest, leave them open until water flows out.
Centrifugal pumpsA pump doesn't deliver 1) Air in the pump case Let the air flow outany liquid
2) Insufficient speed of the Check the electromotor,pump. bearings and gland
box.
38
Valve cover
HandwheelSpindte
Spindle nut
V»ive seat Wedge fee*
Wedge gate
Valve body
Figure 3.10 Gate valve
SYMPTOM CAUSE3) Excessive large pressure resulting from a partially clogged valve or some obstruction in the discharge line.
4) Clogged impeller passages
5) Ruptured suction line
REMEDY Check the valve and
adjust it.
Stop the pump and clean the impeller. Stop the pump, eliminate leakages in the suction line.
A pump operates at insufficient capacity
1) Air leakage into the suction line or stuffing boxes2) Mechanical defects such as worn wearing rings, impellers,stuffing box packing or sleeves.
Eliminate leakages
Stop the pump, find the trouble and correct it.
39
CHAPTER 4
AUXILIARIES
TEXT WORDS AND
auxiliaries air compressor heat exchanger distillation equipment bilge watersewage treatment plantincineratorto rangemulti-stagecommoncranksecond stage piston assemblyfirst stage cooler tubesto reachfirst stage drainsecond stage drainsteady readingmoistureto clearreciprocating machinerytroublesomeconstantrapid to reface incorrect dirtto stick to pit to strip to lap reassembly seal
EXPRESSIONSвспомогательные двигатели
• воздушный компрессор- теплообменник- опреснительное оборудование- льяльные воды сточные воды- установка для обработки .сточно-фекальных вод- инсинератор- колебаться (от)- многоступенчатый- распространенный- кривошип
- поршневой блок второй ступени- охладитель первой ступени -достигать- клапан продувания первой ступени- клапан продувания второй ступени- устойчивое показание (прибора)- влага- очищать- поршневые механизмы- причиняющий беспокойство- постоянный- быстрый- зд: восстанавливать поверхность(притиранием)- неправильный зд: нерекомендованный- грязь- зд: заклинивать- подвергаться язвенной коррозии- разбирать- шлифовать- повторная сборка- герметичность
TEXT
Machinery other than the main propulsion unit is usually called itfxilis&y. These include the following: air compressors, heat exchangers, distillation equipment, oil / bilge water separators, sewage treatment plants and incinerators.
AIR COMPRESSOR.Compressed air has many uses on board ship ranging from diesel engine starting to the
cleaning of machinery during maintenance'. The air pressures of 25 bar o r more «re usually provided in multi-stage machines. Here the air is compressed in the first stage, cooled and
40
compressed to a higher pressure in the next stage and so on: The most common is two stage crank machine.
Figure 4.1 Two-stage air compressor
STARTINGThe compressor motor is started. .The lube oil pressure should reach the correct value.
The first stage drains and then the second stage drains are closed and the machine will begin to operate. The pressure gauge cocks should be adjusted to give a steady reading. Where manual drains are fitted they should be slightly opened to discharge any moisture which may collect in the coolers. The cooling water supply should be checked as well as operating temperatures.
STOPPINGTo stop the compressor the first and second-stage cooler drain valves should be opened
and the machine run unloaded for, 2 or,3 minutes which will clear the coolers of condensate. The compressor can now.be stooped .and, the.drains.should.be left open.
41
MAINTENANCE AND OPERATING TROUBLES AND REMEDY Maintenance involves the usual checks and overhauls common to reciprocating
machinery, e.g. crankcase oil level, cooling water system, operating temperah.'-es and pressures, etc. The suction and deliyery valves are most troublesome. These valves are automatic requiring a small pressure differential to operate.
The constant rapid opening and closing action of the valves may require seats to be refaced. Overheating, use of incorrect lube oil or the presence of dirt may result in sticking or pitting of the surfaces. The suction and delivery valves should be stripped and all parts carefully cleaned and examined and worn parts replaced and the valve seat and plate Tightly lapped before reassembly to ensure a goo^ seal
TEXT 2
HEAT EXCHANGERS
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONSinstance - примерfor instance=for example - напримерto require - требоватьconducting surface - проводящая поверхностьopposite - противоположныйi.e.-that is - то естьcounter or contra flow - противопотокfairly - довольноheat transfer - теплопередачаshell and tube cooler - трубчатый охладительplate type heat exchanger - пластинчатый охладительtube bundle - пучок трубcorrosion resistor - антикоррозийный протекторvisible joint - наружное соединениеradial flow circular baffles - направляющие пластины потокаsafety expansion ring - предохранительное расширительное кольцоdouble joint - зд двойное уплотнениеremovable cover - съемная крышкаshell - корпус, кожухframe plate - рамовая плитаcarrier bar - балкаsupport post - поддерживающая опораtie bolt - стяжной болтplate pack - пакет пластинguide bar - направляющая балкаsimilar - похожий, подобный
TEXT
Heat exchangers on board a ship are mainly coolers where a hot liquid is cooled by sea water. There are some instances where liquid heating is required, such as heavy fuel oil heaters and sea water heaters for tank cleaning.
In the heat exchange process the twoKquids pass on either side of a conducting surface. The heat from the hot liquid passes to the Cold liquid and the conducting surface is at a temperature between the two. Marine heat exchangers usually have the two liquids flowing in opposite directions, i.e. counter or contra flow, which provides a fairly constant temperature difference between the two liquids and therefore, thq maximum heat transfer.
Coolers at sea fall into 2 groups: the shell and tube , and the plate type.In the shell and tube design a tube bundle is fitted into a shell.
4Z
Safety expansion ring and double joint
Figure 4.2 Shell and tube cooler
The plate type heat exchanger is made up of a number of pressed plates surrounded by seals and held together in a frame!
( Figure 4.3 Plate-type heat exchanger: (a) construction, p.43)
Heaters are similar in construction to coolers.
TEXT 2a
HEAT EXCHANGERS. PLATE TYPE.
OPERATION, MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING.
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS.troubleshooting - выявление поврежденийto reduce - уменьшать, снижатьconsiderably - значительноfilling - заполнение
43
Frame plate Carrier bjar pressure plate Support post
Tie bolt Plate pack Guide bar
Figure 4.3 Plate-type heat exchanger: (a) construction.
occasionallyafterwardscircumstanceO.- ringconnectiongasketsealing surfacedepositsflow ratevisiblefurtherdeformeddoubleadjoining plate volume to decrease respective hole to apply
- изредка, время от времени- впоследствии- обстоятельство- уплотнительное кольцо- связь, соединение- прокладка- уплотняющая поверхность- отложения- расход- видимый- далее, затем, зд. сильнее- деформированный- двойной- прилегающая (примыкающая) пластина- объем; размер- уменьшать- соответствующий- отверстие- применять
44
opposite side - противоположная сторона
TEXT
Temperature o f poolers isicontroled by adjusting the cooling liquid outlet valve. The inlet valve is left open which ensures a constant pressure within the cooler. This is very important with sea > water cooling where reducing pressure can result in' air remaining in a cooler which will considerably reduce the cooling effect. Vents provided it the highest point of coolers should be opened on first filling and occasionally afterwards. Drain plugs are also fitted at the lowest point in coolers.
The plate heat Exchangers should be opened and. cleaned regubufy ^nd under normal circumstances evert six months. The О-rings in ~ the connections. the gaskets and the sealing surfaces on the back of the plate should be checked before tfad/ieat exchanger is reassembled.
SYMPTOM CAUSE R EM ED Y
1. Reduced cooling efficiency.
a) Deposits
2. Leakage visible on the outside of the plate pack.
3. Fresh water or lubricating oil volumes decrease in the respective systems.
b) The flow rates for oil and water are incorrect.a) The plate pack is not tightened enough, further.
a) Check the heat transfer surface for deposits , aiid if any remove them.b) Check that flow rates for oil and water are correct.
a) Tighten the plate pack
b) The gaskets and sealing surfaces are not clean and the plates are deformed.c) Corrosion between
the double gasketsor in the same area of the adjoining plate. There is a hole in the plate.
b) Replace the gaskets and the damaged plates.
c) Replace the gaskets or the plate
Remove the lower sea water valve, apply a test pressure on the opposite side and, if liquid flows from the side under pressure, replace the faulty plate.
TEXT 3
DISTILLATION SYSTEMS OIL/WATER SEPARATOR. SEWAGE
TREATMENT.INCINERATOR.
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS production - производство
45
pureevaporationeither .... orre-condensingboiling processflash processoverflow weirseawater eedbrine dischargecondensei; nestshell drairtdemisterheater nestjacket water inletjacket water outletalternative steam connectionsanti-polution regulationsstringentsuitableto containto achievepuritylatestlegislativerequirementsmonitoring unitcontinuouslyto recordalarm unitwarningleveloil collection space filter insert pilot valvecoarse separating compartmentfine separating compartmentcatch platecertainto introducelegislationto installwaste water inletchlorine contactaerationsettlingcoarse screeilsludgesoilultimate
- чистый- испарение- или ... или- реконденсация- процесс кипения- процесс мгновенного парообразования- переливной патрубок- вход забортной воды- выход рассола- конденсаторный отсек- слив из корпуса- каплеотбойник- отсек подогревателя- вход греющей воды- выход греющей воды- альтернативные паровые соединения- правила предупреждения загрязнения- жесткий- подходящий, соответствующий- содержать- достигать- чистота- самый поздний- законодательный- требования- блок мониторинга- постоянно- записывать- сигнальное устройство- предупреждение- уровень- сборник нефтепродуктов- фильтрующий элемент- управляющий клапан- отсек грубой очистки- отсек тонкой очистки- захватывающая пластина- определенный- вводить- закон- устанавливать- вход загрязненной воды- хлорирование- аэрация- отстой- экран грубой очистки- грязь, отстой- 'зд: активный ил- ма&6ймкггьный
46
i£ conjunction with thuswaste disposal package
- совместно с; в Сочетании с- таким образом- блок (набор) уничтожения отходов
TEXT
DISTILLATION SYSTEMS Distillation is the production of pure water from sea water by evaporation and re-
cbndensing. Distilled water is produced either by a boiling or a flash process.
Circulating water outlet
- 1 -
Circulating water inlet
Dittilled water ouHef +o tank*
Brine<#iehjrg«
Overflowweir
Seawater
U < =
f f t< X K > £ K X X >f t ! JacVrt v»ater In le t
n fW ,
4. /
ж , f a----u * 1*1 •« 4---- П _ T — >* 4 ']
Heatef neit
n
- ---- "«!!4,/**|;_-------
S ''* ?
I TShelldrain
r - i j f - f c 'J *Л \
Alternative г Ь steam
connectionsJacket water outlet
Figure 4.4 Boiling process evaporator
OIL WATER SEPARATORSOily water separators are used for separation of oil from water. While anti-polution
regulations are becoming more and more stringent clean water suitable for discharge must contain less than 15 parts per million of oil. As oil/water separators can achieve 100 parts per million a filter must be also used to provide the required purity. The latest legislative
47
requirements are where 1(Ж parts per million purity is required, a monitoring unit which continuously records, and,г Where 15 parts per million purity is necessary, an alalrm~unit to provide warning of levels o£ discharge in excess of 15 parts per million.
T"7
f i
Vt
11 *
/ \t/ V
f ' %
Ф \ ' lt ' t \
tW
4 i T \
Figure 4.5 Oily water separator.
SEWAGE TREATMENT To meet certain standards, introduced by International legislation all new ships have
sewage treatment plants installed. There are two particular types of sewage treatment plant using either chemical or biological methods.
( Figure 4.6 Biological sewage treatment plant, p.48)
INCINERATORTo achieve the ultimate situation of no discharge a suitable incinerator is used in
conjunction with a sewage plant and with facilities for burning oil sludges thus forming a complete waste disposal package.
48
Figure 4.6 Biological sewage treatment plant
49
CHAPTER 5
DECK MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT
TEXT 1DECK MACHINERY: MOORING WINCH; WINDLASS, CARGO HANDLING
EQUIPMENT.MAINTENANCE.
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONSmooring winch - швартовая лебедкаwindlass - брашпильcargo handling equipment - оборудование для обработки грузовanchor handling equipment - якорное устройствоhatch cover - люковое закрытие, крышка люкаitem - зд: наименованиеlife-boat - спасательная шлюпкаlife-raft - спасательный плотemergency equipment - аварийное оборудованиеwatertight door - водонепроницаемая дверьbow thruster - носовое подруливающее устройствоcurrently - в настоящее времяwinch barrel (drum) - барабан лебедкиwarp end - турачкаgeared drive - зубчатая передачаself-tensioning unit - устройство,автоматически поддерживающее
заданное усилиеrecent development - зд: современный вариант (версия)split windlass - брашпиль с разделенным приводомcable lifter - звездочка (брашпиля)clutch gear handle - ручка привода сцепленияband brake - ленточный тормозclutch lever - рычаг сообщенияbrake handle - рукоятка тормозаderrick - грузовая стрелаderrick rig - стреловое устройствоunion purchase - спаренные грузовые стрелы, работающие на
один гак (‘ телефон”)quayside - причальная линияto enable - давать возможностьSamson post - грузовая колонка (полуматка)stay - оттяжкаtopping wire - топенантаhook - гакoutboard derrick - Стрела, вынесенная за бортto rotate - вращатьсяhoisting and luffing motors - механизм подъема груза и изменения вылета
стрелыturntable base - поворотная площадкаoperator's cab - кабина крановщика
50
- псф^рот крана- подвергаться- обсточка, зд: поверхность- смазывание разбрызгиванием- зубчатая передача- смазывать- престсленка- смазка для открытых приводов- бьцъ связанным с, зд: зависеть от
TEXTDeck machinery includes mooring equipment, anchor handling equipment, cargo haridling
equipment and hatch covers. Other items include life-boats and life-rafts, emergency equipment, watertight doors and bow thrusters.
Three forms of power are currently in use for driving deck machineiy: steam, hydraulic and electric
Winches with various arrangements of barrels are the usual mooring eguipment used on board ships.
Winch barret
Figure 5.1 Mooring winch
Modem mooring winches are arranged as automatic self-tensioning units.The windlass is the usual anchor handling device where one machine may be used to handle
both anchors.A more recent development particularly on larger vessels is the split windlass where one
machine is used for each anchor.
slewing motor to expose enclosure splash lubrication gearing to greasepressure grease point open gear compound to be associated with
51
Figure 5.2 Windlass
Cargo winches are used with the various derrick systems arranged for cargo handling. One of the several possible derrick arrangements or rigs is a derrick rig, known as "union purchase’’. One derrick is positioned over the quayside and the other almost vertically over the hold. A combination of movements from the two winches enables lifting, transfer and lowering of the cargo.
Figure 5.3 Union purchase rig
Cranes have replaced derricks on many modern ships. Positioned between the holds often on a platform which can be rotated through 360e the deck crane requires only one man to operate it.
52
Figure 5.4 General cargo crane
All deck machinery is exposed to heavy weather. Total enclosure of all working parts is usual with splash lubrication for gearing. The various bearings on the shafts must be greased by pressure grease points. Open gears and clutches are lubricated with open gear compound Particular maintenance tasks are associated with the type of motor drive used.
TEXT 2DECK MACHINERY: HATCH COVERS. WATERTIGHT DOORS.
THE BOW THRUSTER. EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONSuniversally -зд вездеto exist - существоватьapplication - применениеto offer - предлагатьquick - быстрыйto speed up - ускорятьcargo handling operation - грузовые операцииweather deck - открытая или верхняя палубаhatch coaming - комингс люкаroller - роликchain linking cover - крышка с цепным приводомcover section - секция крышки трюмаto undertake - производитьbulkhead - переборкаshaft tunnel - туннель гребного валаentrance - входsliding - скользящийfire drill - учебная пожарная тревогаfreedom - свобода
53
obstructing matter propulsion device to improve manoeuvrability to consist of to mount to push sideways port (side) starboard (side) as required bridgepropeller blade support stay flexible coupling independently power source remote to faildischarge to fire main booster pumpsubmersible hyd oil motor driven pump
hyd oil supply and return
- посторонний предмет_ пропульсивное устройство- улучшать- маневренность- состоять- устанавливать- толкать- в сторону- левый борт- правый борт- по необходимости- мостик -лопасть винта- поддерживающая стойка -■эластичная муфта- независимо- источник энергии- вдали- зд выходить из строя- нагнетание в пожарную магистраль- подкачивающий насос- гидроприводной насос, находящийся ниже
ватерлинии- трубы подачи масла для гидропривода
TEXT 2Hatch covers are used to close off the, hatch opening and make it watertight. Steel hatch
covers are now fitted universally Various designs exist for particular applications but most offer simple and quick opening and closing which speed up the cargo handling operation
Operatingcontrol*
Hatch coaming
Boiler Chains linking ; cover*
Figure 5.5 Weather-deck hatch cover
54'
Figure 5.6 Tween-deck hatch cover.
Maintenance requirements for this equipment are usually minimal but regular inspection and servicing should be undertaken Most hatch covers can if necessary be removed manually.
Watertight deors are provided where an opening in a watertight bulkhead is necessary. On cargo ship with a shaft tunnel the entrance must have a watertight door fitted All doors below the water line must be of the sliding type arranged horizontally or vertically. Watertight doors can be either power 'or manually operated. They should be tested for operation by closing and opening during fire drill.
The hydraulic system should be occassionally checked for leaks and to ensure sufficient oil is present in the system The bottom trackway-of the door should be checked for cleanliness and freedom from obstructing matter
The bow thruster is a propulsion device fitted to certain types of ships to improve manoeuvrability." The thrust unit consists of 'a propeller mounted in an athwartship tunnel and provided with some auxiliary drive such as an electric or hydraulic motor. During operation water is forced through the tunnel to push the ship sideways ^ither to port or starboard as required. The unit is normally bridge controlled
( Figure 5.7 Bow thruster, p 55). 4 »«
Emergency equipment is arranged to'operate independently of all main power sources It includes such items as the emergency generator and the emergency fire pump. Both items of machinery are located remote ‘from • the engine-room at the weather deck level or above Modern systems are arranged to start iip the emergency generator automatically when the main power supply fails. The system should be checked regularly. The tanks should be kept full and the starting equipment should be functional.
The emergency fire pump is arranged to supply the ship's fire main when the machinery space pump is not available.
55
motor-
Flexiblecoupling
Figure 5.7 Bow thruster.
56
discharge to Fire Main
Main Fire Pump
Hyd O ttP tifrp
Discharge to Main Fire Pump Suction
Sea SuctionBoosterPump
Submersible Hyd OilMotor Driven Hyd Oii Supply Pump and Return
Figure 5.8 Emergency fire pump.
57
CHAPTER 6. • г'
STEERING GEAR
WORDSAND EXPRESSIONSsteering gear rudderin response to rudder stock to conveydesired rudder angle forceby means of to accomplish telemotor in turndelivery pumpto employtransmitterreceivercharging unitnon-freezing fluidremote controlinstallationsincesimplereliableramrotary vane steering gear tillercrosshead replenishing tank shown dotted pump isolating valve steel buttresses fitted around
base of bedplate to take shear of holding down bolts
rudder indicator spring loaded return linkage crossbartypical elevation of trunnion- type tiller
cylinder chocks rudder carrier securely to fasten •housing to attach to comprise
-- рулевая машина руль
j- в ответ на г баллер руля* передавать v- заданный угол руля <- сила
при помощи, посредством достигать, завершать
- телемотор- по очереди ( в свою очередь)- нагнетательный насос- использовать- передающее устройство- принимающее устройство- зарядное устройство, зд: силовой блок- незамерзающая жидкость- дистанционное управлений- установка- поскольку, так как- простой- надежный- плунжер- роторнолопастная рулевая машина- румпель- ползун- танк запасного масла- показанный пунктирной линией- секущий клапан насоса- стальные ребра жесткости, установленные
вокруг фундамента, предохраняющие болты крепления
- индикатор руля- подпружиненная обратная связь- поперечина, ригель- обычная проекция румпеля с цапфенным со
единением- фундаментальные башмаки- подтяжник руля- прочно, надежно- прикреплять- кожух- прикреплять- включать, содержать
58
Ward-Leonard system
Direct single Motor System’ viapiniontoothed quadrant changeover prior to departure with respect to actual full travel visually
- система двигатель- генератор (система^ , регулируемым напряжением)- система прямой передачи от двигателя ь- через- шестерня- зубчатая рейка- переход, зд: переключение -до- отход- относительно- фактический- полное перемещение- визуально
TEXTThe steering gear provides a movement of the rudder in response to a signal from the
bridge . The system consists of three parts control equipment, a power unit and a transmission to the rudder stock. The control equipment conveys a signal of desired rudder angle from the bridge and activates the power unit and transmission system until the desired angle is reached. The power unit provides the force to move the rudder to the desired angle . Bv means of the transmission system and the steering gear the movement of the rudder is accomplished. The steering gear can be arranged with hydraulic control equipment known as a telemotor or with electrical control equipment. The power unit may in turn be hydraulic or electrically operated. A delivery pump is required in the hydraulic system.
Telemotor control is a hydraulic control system employing a transmitter, a receiver. pipes and a charging unit. The transmitter is located on the bridge and the receiver is mounted on the steering gear. The charging unit is located near the receiver and the system is charged with a non-freezing fluid.
The electrical remote control is commonly used in modem installations since it uses a small control unit as transmitter on the bridge and is simple and reliable in operation.
Two types of hydraulically powered transmission unit or steering gear are in common use: the ram and the rotary vane. There are a two-ram and a four-ram steering gear.
( Figure 6.1 (a) Diagrammatic arrangement of two-ram steering gear(additional items for four-ram system shown dotted), p. 59)
( Figure 6.1 (b) Actual arrangement of two-ram steering gear, p.60)
( Figure 6.2 Four-ram steering gear-actual arrangement, p. 61)
With the rotary vane type of a steering gear a vaned rotor is securely fastened onto the rudder stock. The rotor is able to move in a housing which is solidly attached to the ship's structure.
( Figure 6.3 Rotary vane steering gear p.62)
59
Г"fIiI
r s
*4 I------« I«------ - - - -
r - - * f •1 ►- U«»i I I I »
О
Reliefvalve
-D*3-
iii
UJ------i— ■ i. _ -j
Tilltr
„ __ CylinderCrOMhead . \ .
Pump
MotorSi Pump
Motor
Repl«ni*hingt*nk
Figure 6Л (a) Diagrammatic arrangement of two-ram steering gear (additional items for four-ram system shown dotted)
There are steering gears which comprise electrical control, electric power unit and electrical transmission. They may be of two types: the Ward-Leonard System and the Direct Single Motor System. Both types - have a geared down motor drive 1 йа a pinion to a toothed quadrant. To meet the automatic changeover within 45 seconds twin system steering gears are used. The failure of one system results in a changeover to ffie other. Prior to a ship's departure from any port the steering gear should be tested to ensure satisfactory operation.
These tests should include:1 . Operation of the main steering gear2. Operation of the auxiliary gear.3. Operation of the remote control (telemotor) system or systems from the
main bridge steering positions.4. Operation of the steering gear using the emergency power supply.5. The rudder angle indicator reading with respect to the actual rudder
angle should be checked.
60
Pumo ilotaiTng valves
"&кт-
т----- - • 1 —^ 1 ъ-■-* * . —_ j : . » j л. ■- * t i т 1 1 - ; "
Stcd buctrane* dried around Ьам of bedplate to taka «hear off holding down bolls
B ypu l valv*
Electric rudder indicator
Cylinder ito liting valveУ
Donkin !*■ typ#pun»
Extended crowbar plates for gyro control and taltrrvotor recahar 'Local control
Figure 6.1 (b) Actual arrangement of two-ram steering gear
61
— H r f f -
Typical ewvsuw ST *www#Hirpe **#ir |
CitiiiMM
' /
I*__ 11 • Ji• 7 - a -»
n j —
•CrbA6»f c tack i Ty#<e»(•**m m □( tttcrw g g«M «миом пиМм с k iw i
Figure 6.2 Four-ram steering gear-aptual arrangement
6. The alarms fitted to the remdte system and the steering gearpower units should be ehecked’fbr correctdfj&ation. - ^ t
The rudder dtipuld be moiled through its full travel in botk "directions. The various equipment should oe.visually irispected for damage or wear. , The': communication system between the bridge arid .the steering gear'com^artmerit-should aliso be operated.
62
Figure 6.3 Rotary vane steering gear
63
k m m m a
S H A F t^ £ ^ J > fR0PE1XERS
shaftingpropellertransmission systemshaftthrustthrust shaftintermediate shafttailshaftthrust blockstemtube bearingconeto complete stemframe forward bush aft bushaftermost tunnel bearing journal bearing ship's structure direct drive diesel
therefore . solidly .. : to withstand)., shock ioad,-.-. oil scraper thrust collar oil deflector half journal bush thrust pad " * cooling coil top bearing shell" bottom bearing shell to counteract thusconsiderable to act entrydepending uponflangebossclockwisewhen viewed from aft right-handed propeller left-handed propeller
kT «■'SHAFTING A iyp^O PElX EftS WORDSr^ND EXPRESS®^
*■ ралопровод
- система передачи- ^ал- йсевое усилие, упор (гребного винта)- упорный вал-, Промежуточный вал* концевой^ал,- опорный вал- фйдвудный подшипник- конус- завершать^- ахтерштевень- передняя втулка- задняя в т у л к а . -- кормовой спорный подшипник валопровода- опорный прдшипншс - зд: корпус судна- дизель, непосредственно работающий на греб
ной винт- поэтому- прочно —- выдерживать - -перегрузка
.;. 7 м^сдос^емник- упорное кольцо '- маслоотбойник- вкладьпд подшипника- упорная подушка- охлаждающий змеевик- верхний вкладыш подшипника- нижний вкладыш подшипника- противодействовать, зд: уравновешивать- таким образом гЗначит^]шньш1 ;- действовать ...■ проникнойерие- в зависимости- фланец- ступица- по часовой стрелке- если смотреть с кормы- винт правого вращения- винт левого вращения
64
twin-screw ship - двухвинтовое судноsSgle-screw ship - одновинтовое судноdeveloped outline - .ргввёрнугый'кйнтур (лопасти'гребного винта)projected outline - проектированный контур ( лопасти греб^рго
винта)1skew - наклонcavitation - кавитацияvapour-filled cavity - наполненная парами полостьbubble - воздушный пузырьloss of thrust - снижение упораloss - потеряerosion - эрозияafterbody - кормовая часть суднаnoise - шумcrack - трещинаto ignore - игнорироватьedge - край, кромкаto weld up - завариватьbent - погнутыйheat treatment - прогревslight pitting - незначительная точечная коррозияto grind (ground,ground) - шлифоватьto polish - полировать
TEXTThe transmission system on a ship transmits power from the engine to the propeller. It
includes shafts, bearings and finally the propeller itself. The thrust from the propeller is transferred to the ship through the transmission system. The system includes the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and the tailshaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stemtube bearing. There is a sealing arrangement at either end of the tailshaft with the propeller and cone completing the arrangement.
Shch powtrDirect drive 4т »I
StermuM ЬмптцшwpponMl t o d
engine
Figure 7.1 Transmission system.
The thrust block transfers the thrust frop thj£ propeller to the hull of the ship. It must therefore be solidly constructed and the construction must be strong enough to withstand normal and shock loads.
i i
Figure 7.2 Thrust block.
One of the two types of shaft bearings is the aftermost tunnel bearing. The aftermost tunnel bearing has a tog and bottom bearing shell because it must counteract the propeller mass and take a vertical upward thrust at the forward end of the tailshaft. The other shaft bearings only support the shaft weight and thus have only lower half bearing shells.
The stemtube bearing supports the tailshaft and a considerable proportion of the propeller weight. It also acts as a gland to prevent the entiy of sea water.
There may be one or more sections of intermediate shafting between the thrust shaft and the tailshaft, depending upon the machinery space location. The intermediate shafting has flanges at each end and may be increased in diameter where it is supported by bearings.
The propeller consists of a boss with several blades. When rotated it thrusts its way through the water. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to the ship's structure. A propeller which turns clockwise when viewed from aft is considered right-handed. A twin-screw ship usually has a right-handed starboard propeller and left-handed port propeller.
( Figure 7.3 Solid propeller, p. 66)
Cavitation, the forming and bursting of vapour-filled cavities or bubbles, can occur as a result of pressure variations on the back of a propeller blade. The results are a loss of thrust
erosion of the Blade surface, vibrations in the afterbody of the ship and noise. When a ship is in dry - dock the propeller should be thoroughly examined and repaired if necessary.
Even the smallest cracks should not be ignored as they can result in the loss of a blade. Edge cracks should be. welded up with suitable electrodes. Bent blades should be made good by heat treatment, surface roughness caused by slight pitting can be lightly ground out and the area polished.
тI
itjBjadele c tio n s
Figure 7.3 Solid propeller
67
CHAPTER'S
BUNKERING OPERATIONS
т а х т 1FTUfct!0 ILS
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONSproperty -свойствоspecific gravity - удельный весrelative density относительная плотностьviscosity -.вязкостьignition quality - параметр воспламененияflash point г точка воспламененияpour point -температура застыванияcloud point г. температура помутненияresidual carbon -зольностьsulpur content - содержание серыCalorific VilUb1 -теплотворная способностьRedwood seconds '.-'секунды Редвудаvalue -величинаto handle .г здесь; перекачиватьwax - парафинpipe blocking - засорение трубыto occur - происходитьremains - остаткиHigher Calorific Value -рысшая теплотворная способностьLower Calorific Value — нижняя теплотворная способностьavailable ’имеющийся в наличииto pass away - уходить
• Fuel oils have various p ro p e r ty ‘ШсЬ as''the specific gravity or relative density/the viscosity, the ignition quality. th£ *' fiasii pbint.‘ the pour point, the cloud point, the residual carbon, the sulphur content, the calorific yafue.
In Europe to measure viscosity th^U se Neither Redwood or Saybolt seconds.There are two values for the flash point: an' open flash point for atmospheric heating and a closed flash point when the covered fuel is heated. The pour point is the lowest temperature at which the1 fuel can be easily handled. At the cloud' point waxes will form in the fuel. Below .. Ше fcloud point temperature pipe* foil' filter Ы6ШЙЙ: may occur. The carbon refflduc'fontoing property of a fuel is u k t0 y fm&$i&ed by &^ Gbaradson method. Controlled burning of A fuel sample gives a measure other remains. Sulphur content ~ia v^ry
MMag'^ '1rhe calorific value of a fuel is the heat energy released during combustion. Tworyafiies are used: the Higher Calorific Value Wijdch is the heat energy resulting from combustion and- die Lower Calorific Value which is the heat energy available and doesn’t, include the beat energy passing away, as exhaust.
important becaiise’it may cause ?eng$&
68
strainer viscosity index rateTotal Base Numberindicationquantityя11сяН 1ie.=tb6isoxidationtendericyj
_d^®lsihili^r_ ability to mix centrifuge • to be related to Sludgecorrosion inhibition to protect to prevent friction to absorb catbon deposits to achieve blending additivesdetergent additives storage to allow .coarse filtering fine filtering to remove solid particles contaminated oilcontaminantto collect '£еггоизфагйс1ез servicing indicator vent plug flow out to.in
lr ; '*i\division plate- body draindifferential pressure connections ?
TEXT 2LUBE OILS, FUEL OIL TREATMENT, FILTERS
ANDWORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
-фильтр '- индекс вязкости
^зстепе^ь;; скорость- щелочное число
- - количество- щелочь г . то естьт окисление -тенденция- деэмульгирующая способность -! способность- смешивать- центрифуга- быть связанным с, иметь отношение.к:'- шлам- замедление .коррозии -защищать- предотвращать
I?трение:т поглощать- частицы нагара- достигать
•;г смешивание -присадки- моющие присадки ( к маслу ) тхранение- позволять- грубаяочистка- тонкая очистка -удад^п,- твердые частицы- загрязненное масло- загрязняющее вещество- собирать -железные частицы- индикатор работы фильтра- пробка выйуска воздухаг направление; движения неочищенного• масла>
разделительная’ перегородка.- сливнаягПробка,^^ мес^априсоединениз? манометров1
69
STEXTLube oils tmy^thfefateing т£Щ>5И)$Дз&The viscoatvan^i^?iscogtv'Jpag^^6n jy^iijap f-ate>'*pf .change of .viscosity with
temperature.’ '•-sr*.- The Total Base Number ( TBN )ffifaiclri§Jrif5n&<3rtibri6f the quantify of alkali, i.e. base
availabl г in^lube^Birt^^ itiMise a< r The addity wi k$i is measured by J The oxidation-ji hich:isaJso me The carbon forming tendency.The demulaoilitv which is the ‘ abiUty^o^no^with tya&|ffiid theiyrelease the water in a
centrifuge. This propertyjs also rj a t^ jt ^ f ^ d e O ^ S ^ ^ s l u d g e. (Corrosion inhibition which is^^feilitvrjo protecr^ su rface when plater is present in the
oil.The modern hibric^ts,must p^orm rtmmerom~^uHe£4 d prevent metal mtoumetal contact,
reduce friction and wear at moving parts,^to neutnffise^the acidF and absorb cart^fftt'eposits, to absorb water and protect * tite^itifetal partsifrom 'corrosioa~Thiii1sM° achieved through blending and additives. There дгё- klkali^^ detergent dispersant «orjraextreme .-pressure (E.P.) additives.
Both fuel oils and lubricating oils' Require treatment'before passing to the engine. This includes storage and heating to allow"separation of water present, coarse and fine filtering toremove solid particles and also centrifuging.'
• « - t*
The centrifugal separators iispd to separate two liquids, for example oil and water or a liquid and solids as in contaminated oil.
Mechanical separation of solid, contaminants from oil systems ( fuel and lubricating ) is achieved by the.use of filters and, strainers, . A- strainer is usually a coarse filter to remove the larger contaminating particles. Magnetic strainers are often used in lubricating oil systems where a large magnet collects any .ferrous particles. Fine filters in pairs are used to remove the smallest pa^ leg o f dirt from oil..
( Figure 8.1 Fiiie,filter4p.7Q).
TEXT 3
BUNKERING OPERATIONS WORDSAND EXPRESSIONS
- отправлятьto send (sent, sent)ETA- estimated time of arrival'” gradelength„of$me to schedule amount if any,to handle cargo 'flexible hose to connect
едолагаемое время прибытия >•:сорт (топлива) i'время гдл анироватьр. количествоi j
-.если таковое имеется ^обрабатывать груз '4 тибкий шланг -соединять
70
MRvie^Mir'cftotiWMTn.ua
urn«a кд*в£и
рг+лт'лшштЬ 1 аимсалмом. Х*тт*шои*.ч» ■ <
М М М Л С П Ы М Т гп и м HtATTM jM£lter.
Figure 8.1 Fine filter
connecti^gflaige to commence fill pipe'-’ ’valve manifold to direct storage tank scupper to seal off minor oil spill air vent containment
drip tray sawdustmanual valves ...should be proved, to be open for the flow of liquid
reliabletank - sounding equipment
contentseven
- одедтшгедьщлй фланец
- приемная Трубя- клапанная распределительная коробка -направлять- танк запаса топлива- шпигат- герметично закрывать- незначительный разлив топлива- сборник тошгавоуловителей воздушных Tpyfr;
- подцон -р. пилки- необходимо убедиться в том,что клапаны
с ручным управлением были открыть! для• прохождения жидкости- надежный
I - оборудование для замера уровня п{(жидкостн) в танках ^«содержимое ■зяаже
71
to dip a tank - замерять глубину ( жидкости ) в таркеto be dertain of their contents - чтобы убедиться в их содержимомmeans of communication - средства связиbunkering installation - бункеровщикto indentify - здесь обозначать
TEXTBefore bunkering the ship sends | o the company’s agent ashore a radiogram indicating
: 1) the name of the ship, 2) the estimated time of arrival at the fuel port, 3) tl-3 estimated quantity and grade of fuel oil or\ lubricated oil required, 4) the length of time the shij ^ scheduled to be in the fueling port, 5) the amount of cargo if any, which will be handldd during the port call. Two days or 24 fhours before the arrival the ship sends to the agent the time of arrival and the exact humbe/ of metric tons of required fuel.
At the fixed time a fuel barge comefc alongside the ship, a flexible hose from the fuel barge is connected to the ship’s pipe by connecting flanges and bunkering commences. The fuel fill pipe is connected to a valve manifold in the engine-room spaces.From the valve manifold fuel is directed to various storage tanks.
The third engineer is in charge of bunkering operations.A set procedure for bunkering includes :
1. All scuppers are to be sealed off, i.e. plugged to prevent any minor oil spill on deck going overboard.2. All tank air vent containments or drip travs are to be sealed or plugged.3. Sawdust should be available at the bunkering station and various positions around the deck.4. All fuel tanks should be carefully checked before bunkering commences.5. All valves on tanks which are not used should be closed or switched to the "off' position.6. Any manual valves in the filling lines should be proved to be open for the flow of liquid.7. Reliable tank-sounding equipment must be used to regularly check the contents of each tank. It may even be necessary to dip or manually sound the tanks to be certain of their contents.8. A complete set of all tank soundings must be obtained before bunkering commences.9. A suitable means of communications must be set between the ship and the bunkering installation before bunkering commences.10. Any tank that is being filled should be identified in some way on the level indicator, possibly by a sign or marker reading "Filling".
BUNKERING OPERATIONS CONVERSATIONAL SECTION
USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS бункеровщик - pump-operator, oil-plant foremanмаксимально допустимое - maximum permissibleдавление - pressureувеличивать давление - to increase pressureубавлять давление - to reduce/ease down pressure
заканчивать загрузку (прессовать) - to top offзамер - measurementправильные замеры - correct measurementsизмерительный прибор - meterпоказания измерительного прибора - meter readings
72
паспорт на топливо перелив переходник подача ( насосом) производительность насоса ( при Приемке топлива ) рабочий на барже счет за бункеровку подписывать пробаИ-оплива утечк^ топлива пр^мная труба подавать шланг на борт пережимать шланг убирать шланг шланговаться шланговщик Кто будет снимать
показания счетчика ?Кто наблюдает за шлангом ? Будем принимать топливо через
горловину танка Вы поставили поддоны под
фланцы ?Наше оборудование не подходит
к вашим стандартным фланцам шланг пережатшланг перетерт (перетирается)Я проставлю ваши замеры
oil certificate/specificationoverflowadapter
■ pumping pump rate
barge attendant Banker Receipt/Ticket to sign
■ oil sampleoil spillage intake pip^to put the hose aboard to strain the j^ose to remove the hose to fit the hose fitterWho will take the meter readings ?
Who supervises the hose?We shall bunker/load "over all"
Have you placed drip pans under the flanges?Our fittings don't match your standard flangesthe hose is strainedthe hose is chafed ( chafing )I’ll accept your measurements as correct
to suitIt suits me perfectly Request Order to complete=to fill in previous port of call to take the ullage emptyto take into account to allow for temperature deflection you are supposed to supply claimDelivery Order stamp
DIALOGUE WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
- подходить- это меня вполне устраивает- заявка- заполнять- предыдущий порт захода- измерять уровень вручную- пустой- принимать во внимание- делать поправку на что-то, учитывать- температурная поправка- вы должны поставить- претензия- накладная на топливо- печать
73
DIALOGUE
Pump Operatorj: Good aflernooft, Chieft I have delivered you 1,000 tons of heavy oil.
Chief Engineer ' : May I see the oil certificate?Pumfr Operator: Here you are.Chief Engineer : This oil suits me perfectly.Pump Operator : O.K. Let's complete the Request Order: voun previous port of
call, your next port of call, the correct name^of the ship... Chieft Engineer : The previous port of call is Genova, the next1‘port of call
is Pireaus, the name of the ship is "A”.Pump'Operator: Now what should be the pump rate .while bunkering ?Chief Engineer : Weil, I think the first five minutes it should Jbe minimum
then not more than 150 m3/per hour. What is the heavy fuel temperature?
Pump Operator: 60» C.Chief Engineer : Have you got a flow meter or we shall have to take the
-Ullage?Pump Operator: There is a meter on the fuel barge but anyway I think your
third engineer should take the ullage together with the donkeyman. There are 6 tanks on the barge, two of which are empty.
Chief Engineer: О.К.П1 instruct the third engineer to take the ullage.If we take into account the density indicated in the certificate and allow for the temperature deflection you are supposed to supply us with 1055 m3.
Pump Operator: I agree ( with you here ). Will you sign the Request Order with the tank measurements and sealed samples?
Chief Engineer. П1 sign the measurements only after our third engineer has taken the ullage.
Pump Operator; All right.Chief Engineer: As soon as the measurements are signed you may start
bunkering.* * *
Chief Engineer: A haven't got any claims for the quantity of the fuel received.
Pump Operator. Good. Will you sign the Delivery Order and put the ship's stamp on it? The last two copies are for you, Chief.
Chief Engineer : Thank you. See you again.Pump Operater: Good-bye.Chief Engineer: Good-bye.
BUSINESS LETTER NOTICE FOR MASTERS/CHIEF ENGINEERS
CHECKLIST ( BUNKERING OPERATIONS ) WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
to short-receive - недополучитьto lodge a protest - заявить протестshort-delivery - недопоставка
I
74
Yours faithfullyShould youWfcfting bunkerprecautiondeterminationto determineto witnessacceptancevolumedisputevaluableto draw attention to failthe supplying tmij: submission of the same shall be deemed to be correct
to make a log entry to be familiar with to brief to establish party to blank to verify to stirN.B. ( nota bene )
- искренне'Ваш- если будете принимать топливо- мера прбдосторюяйюсти- определение- определять •- быть свидетелем- здесь согласие, одоб|£ение- объем- спор- ценный- обращать внимание- не исполнить, не сделать- здесь; количество топлива, указанное
бункеровщиком, будрг считаться правильным i
- делать запись в судовом журнале- быть в курсе чего-либо, знать что; либо- инструктировать- устанавливать- сторона- ставить заглушку, закрывать пробкой- проверять- встряхивать- лат. нотабене,.обрати особое внимание
75
Date :
Ref :
To :
Dear Sirs,NOTE OF PROTEST f OR BUNKERING OPERATION ON (Jdate)
1. Chief Engineer ofM/V
short received_________
the
_(name of vessel)
tonnes of (grade of bunkers) out of
tonnes requested for on
were supplied by bunker barge/tanker_
-SB No. on
______ (date of bunker received).The bunkers
_____________ (name of bunker barge/tanker)
(date)at____________(location).
I hereby lodge a protest against the short delivery.
Yours faithfully ,
(Name of Chief Engineer of vessel)
cc 1 .The Executive Secretary Singapore National Shipping Assocciation 456 Alexandra Road #02-02 NOL BuildingSingapore 0511 (Fax No: 2745079)
2.The Bunkering Services Manager Bunkering Service Department Port of Singapore Authority 2nd Storey,West Wing Keppel Building,Keppel Road Singapore 0409(Fax No:3211976)
A C K N O W L E D G E D R E C E I P T
Signature of Master/Cargo Officer of Bunker Barge/Tanker
Name of Master/Cargo Officer of Bunker Barge/Tanker Date/Time
76
AftTENTl6 N
For: MASTERS/CHIEF ENGINEEfeiy of Vessels
Should vou be LIFTING BUNKERS, please note following precautions toprotect your interest in supplied quantity determination: -
1. The quantity of marine fuel delivered shall be determined from the gauging and measurements of the SUPPLYING unit.
2. Do send your representative to witness the following procedure : -
(a) the opening ullage measurement of the supplying tank IMMEDIATELY BEFORE delivery commences.
(b) the closing ullage measurement IMMEDIATELY AFTER delivery completed from the supplying tank.
(c) the measurements should be signed by your representative, at both the opening ullage and closing ullage, indicating your acceptance of the figures of measurements.
(d) these would provide the measurements in VOLUME of the quantity supplied.
3. Should there be any dispute on the calculated quantity measurements by WEIGHT, the ullages* measurements, both opeiing and closing, would provide valuable assistance in tl'fi determination of what the quantity should be.
4. Your attention is drawn that should your representative fail to witness the opening and/or the closing ullage measurements, the supplying unit’s submission of the same shall be deemed to be correct.
CHECKLIST 01 BUNKER TNG OPfe^ATIONS -
This checklist is to be completed by the officer mxhargeof j bunkering and a log entry made.
Tick if yes
Prior to the arrival of the bunkering barge or arrival at the bunkering facility
01.1 Has the bunkering plan been prepared. [ J
01.2 Are all staff involved familiar with the ships bunkering system. [ ]
013 Is the Officer in Charge fully briefed in the sampling procedures. [ ]
01.4 Has transfer of fuel to minimise the mixing of old with new fuel been completed. [ 1
01.5 Have soundings of Bunker tanks been taken. [ ]
01.6 Is the bunker line drip sampler in working order. [ ]
01.7 Is the sample collector clean and in position.
01.8 Is the oil spill equipment ready. [ ]
01.9 Are all scuppers plugged. [ ]
01.10 Have all air vents been checked. [ 1
After arrival of the bunkering barge or arrival at the bunkering facility and prior to bunkering:-
01.11 Is the vessel securely moored. ( ]
01.12 If bunkering from a barge is the barge securely moored. [ ]
01.13 Have communications been established between all parties. [ ]
01.14 Has the delivery documentation been checked and found to be satisfactory. [ ]
01.15 Have all the barge or bunkering facility tanks been sounded [ ]
01.16 Have the bunker hoses been inspected for damage [ ]
01.17 Have the bunker hoses been identified with the grade of oil. \ 1
78
£7 CHECKLIST 01 - BUNKERING OPERATIONS cont’d. < ‘ r
0Ц18 Have drip trays been provided under the hose couplings._ » I
[ ]e
01.-19 Are the hose couplings properly connected with all flange bolts fitted.l”
.[ 1
01.2,0 Are all unused manifolds blanked. [ ]
0112.3 Have all bunker lines been checked [ 1
0122 Have bunker sampling connections been made [ 1/
During bunkering:-f '
[ ]
01.23 Are all ships bunker tanks being checked at regular intervals [ 1
01.24 Have the bunkering hoses and lines been checked for leakage. [ 1
01.25 Are drip samples being taken over the whole bunkering period. [ ]
Oh completion of bunkering:- [ ]
01.26 Have all ship barge or bunkering facility tanks been sounded and the delivered quantity verified.
01.27 Has the bunker receipt been signed for volume only not for weight received by the Chief Engineer and Master. [ ]
01.28 Have all lines been drained. [ ]
01.29 Have bunker hoses been disconnected and manifolds blanked. [ 1
.01.30 Have drip trays been drained. [ 1
01.31 Have the contents of drip sample container been stirred - before transfer to the sample bottles. [ 1
01.32 Have the samples been sealed and signed by the supplier's representative [ 1
01.33 Have the sample bottles been labelled in accordance with the instructions.
01.34 Have samples been despatched to the nearest laboratory within 24 hours.
[ ]
[ 1
01.35 Has the sampling and sealing of the supoliers sample been personally witnessed. NB The ship's staff must not accept the bunker barge or bunkering facility samples unless they have witnessed the sampling.
[ 1
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CHAPTER 9
ORDERING SPARE PARTS AND GENERAL SUPPLIESTEXT
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS to run out of - израсходовать (запчасти и т д )to be short of - не хватать (чего-либо)
- просьба,запрос- кран,вентиль,пробка- огнеупорный кирп|и4- сопло,форсунка- запальный электрод- средство против Морского обрастания- серебро- серная кислота- хлористоводородная (соляная) кислота- форсунка,инжекгор- зд баббитовая заливка- инструменты,зд: резцы- токарный станок- медь- ветошь- чугун- наличие- по правка,изменения- пропуск- кладовщик
TEXTWhen a ship has' run out of some spare parts or is short-,of supplies the Chief Engineer
sends a telex to the agent at the next port of call in which he indicates the spares- the ship needs and the quantity required This telex is based on the written request prepared by the fourth, third and second engineers.
As a rule the following items may be included into the fourth engineer's written request-a) impellers for the boiler circulating pump;.b) packings material ( rubber, klingirit, pararnt),c) water and steam packings;d) cocks for the sanitary system, Г V A b a \ - w,e) refractory bricks, (clay) ( for a boiler furnace );f) thermostat, / a ^g) atomizers for boiler burner nozzles;h) ignition electrodes.i) bearings;k) band brakes for winches,1) oil of different grades, m) antifouling compound marine;n) chemicals for water analysis laboratory: silver, sulphuric and hydrochloric acids, etc
The third engineer orders the following equipment:
requestcock „reftjctory brick l r 1 ^ U ^ r',nozileignition electrode antifouling compound silversulphuric acid I S hydrochloric acid injectorbabbit soldering tools .lathe L L I M ^copper cleaning rags cast ironavailability, ,.amendment, W ]passstoreman
80
a) a fuel putiip for the-cjlesel generator;b) injector fb f the dies£l\ generator,c) pistpn rings;d) bearings with babbitsoldering:e) air inlet valves;f) exhaust and inlet valves;g) a cylinder liner;h) oil pump drive gears;i) cylinder covers.
As the second engineer is in charge of the main engine his request p&y include the following items;a) main engine piston riiigs;b) pistons, cylinder liners;c) cylinder covers;d) exhaust valves;e) oil for the main engine;f) tools for the ship's lathe:g) copper and steel wire of different diameter;h) ball bearings;i) spares for pumps; k) cleaning rags:1) cast iron, bronze, steel and other metals for making pares
On receipt of the telex the agent sends a rfcpTy fcontaining all the necessary information about the availability, price and terms of delivery of the spares required. On the ship's arrival at the port the Chief Engineer sometimes has to meet with the shipchandler personally to show him the samples of the spares he needs and to discuss some problems As a result of the talks several amendments may be made about the quantity, quality, spares with the same characteristics but from another company, parts of other modification.A special document called Delivery List is prepared and considered to be an official pass at the port territory. Some time later the shipchandler brings the bill which must be signed by the Captain, Chief Engineer and storeman.
CONVERSATIONAL SECTION USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
гарантироватьданные, характеристикидешевыйдорогойкомплектв комплекте смодификациянадежностьнадежныйномерномер изделия номер чертежа по образцу перечень
- guarantee- particulars,characteristics- cheap- expensive- set, complete set- complete with- modification- reliability- reliable- number- part number- drawing number- according to the sample- list
81
- advertising booklet- Classification (Society) Certificate^
- list- cost- account, bill- conditions, terms- on general terms '- price, cost- estimate price- piece
- We would like you to supply ...
-• Some prices should be agreed upc/n with the company
- Thi$ part won't suit us, the modification is wrong
Каковы условия доставки? - What are the terms of delivery?Вы можете организовать - Can you arrange for due delivery?
своевременную доставку?Сколько это все может - How much does it come to?
стоить ?Эта деталь прочная ? - Is this spare reliable / strong?
DIALOGUE WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
I’ve got to tell you - Я должен сказать ВамWe haven’t been able to ... - Нам не удалось ( Мы не смогли )in stock - в наличии ( о товарах и т.д.)unfortunately - к сожалениюto arrange for - договориться, обеспечитьto settle - решатьto settle a problem - урегулировать проблемуBy the way - кстатиto charge for - назначить ценуWe used to pay much less - раньше мы платили значительно меньшеto grant a discount - предоставлять скидкуto think over - обдуматьto look through - просматриватьTd better phone - Я лучше позвоню ...Have you got a spare part - У Вас есть такая деталь ?
like that ? to offer L ^ - предлагатьfinal - окончательныйdecision - решениеregarding - относительно
рекламный проспект сертификат классифика
ционного существа список стоимость счет условиена обычных условиях цена fпредварительная цена штука
Мы хотели 6Ц чтобы Вы поставили раам)
Часть цен следует согласовать с фермой
Эта деталь не подходит, не та модификация
82
DIALOGUE- Good afternoon, Agent! '=Nice to see you again. How яге you? . ,
- Good afternoon! I'm fine, thank you and you ?- Quite well, thanks. Have you received my telex with a requestfor spare parts ? ~ r
-Yes, I have. The spare parts will be’delivered tomorrow morning. Does it suit you ?
- It suits me perfectly. And what about thel servomotor ?- I've got to tell you that we haven't been able to supply the
servomotor you need. The servomotors'y(bu want are not in stock just now. i
- Could you ask the shipchandler to find another suitable servomotor? And please have him come on board tomorrow morning. I’ve got some problems to settle.
- O.K. See you later.* * *
- Morning, Shipchandler!- Morning, Chief. Tve brought you the catalogue.- Thank you. Have you found a suitable servomotor ?- Unfortunately. I haven't. But we expect the servomotor you need
to be supplied in 2 days time. How long are you going to stay in our port ?
- Two days only. You won't have time enough to arrange for delivery.
- We could arrange for the delivery during your next call at our port.
- Then that's settled. Bv the wav, could you supply electrodes?- What kind of electrodes?- Ignition electrodes.- How many pieces do you need?- I'd like to get 4 pairs of electrodes.- It's possible if the price suits you. The prices have changed
you know.- How much do you charge for a pair?- Here is the price list.- Why, it's much too expensive. We used to pav much less for the
same. Do you grant a discount?- Sorry, We've got fixed prices. But we guarantee the high quality of the spares we supply.
- I'll think it over.- Anything else, Chief?- I’ve looked through the catalogue and there isn't a spare I
need. I'd better phone the engineer of the watch and ask him to bring you a sample. What would you like to drink : tea, coffee,
juice, mineral water?- Coffee, please.- How would you like your coffee?- A teaspoon of sugar and no milk, please.
83
- Here you are.- Thank you.- And here is oar Third Engineer. Have you got a spare part likethis? |
- 1 don't think so but we cquld offer, you a part with the same characteristics from another company.
-OK. Will you phone me tomorrow morning and advise about the availability and price of thys spare part. And then IH tell you about our unal decision regarding electrodes.
TELEXES»
TELEX1TO SILVER LINE LTD LONDON ATTN MRS SNUDJGA FM MV K. KAMINSKIYPLS URGENTLY CONFIRM BLASCO UNIVERSAL TO MR OSIPENKO US • PURCHASE : FELT STRIPE 1500*30*15 MM, GRINDING WHEELS 290*127*40 MM2 PCS, HIGHLY STANNIC BRONZE 20 KGS, WORKING CLOTHES AND SHOES 26 SETS, ELECTRIC BULBS 400 PCS. YOUR PROMPT REPLY WILL BE HIGHLY APPRECIATED BRGDS MASTER
TELEX 2
TO ASIA EXPRESS SHIPPING/DUBAI TLX 47562 AFSA EM/45418 AFSACH EM FM MV "КАР IT AN KAMENSKIY"REF ORDER... PLS SPEED UP DELIVERY OF VALVE STEM OF EXHAUST VALVE NO 1541 A3 5-2 PCS; VALVE BODY OF LUBRICATOR FIG 208/POS66-1 PC; PLUNGER AND BARREL NO 50-5001-1 OF F.I.PUMP -12 PCS AWAITING YOUR PROMPT REPLY BEST REGARDS MASTER
TELEX 3
ZCZC TX 23035 MAASSLUIS 05 SEP 94 12:28 ATTNTO WHOM ГГ MAY CONCERN RE : MV "KAPITAN KAMINSKIY"NEW ORLEANSTHE C/E OF THE A/M VESSEL REQUESTED 2 CYLINDERS R-12 PRICE TOTAL USD 1462,50WE WOULD ALSO LIKE TO CONFIRM TO YOU THAT HE HAS ONLY RUSSIAN CYLINDERS TO RETURN THEREFORE TO THE SUGGESTED PRICE PLS ADD USD 165,00 DEPOSIT FOR EACH CYLINDER PLS SEND YOUR APPROVAL BEST REGARDS VECOM TRADING B.V.J.BIESOT
84
TELEX 4
Тб 'ASIA EXPRESS SHIPPING/DUBAI FM MV "KAPITAN KAMINSKIY"I MASTER OF A/M VSL HEREBY INFORM YOU TT MY VESSEL'S REPAIR HAS BEEN COMPLETED AND MY VESSELTfc READY FOR DELIVERY AFTER SUPPLY OF BUNKER AS PER V O f AGE REQUIREMENTSPRESENT F.O.B. IF О 120 CST 30 MT MDO 3/THREE fT ONLY ALSO NEED LUB AS FOLLOWS ATLANTA: 10,000 KILOS DISpLAM: 5 KILOS
OIL COMPRESSOR: 1 DRUM ACETYLENE: 2 BOTTLESAWT YR URGE REPLY BEST REGARDS MASTER
LjO:e t
85
CHAPTER 10
REPAIRS
IlEPAERS LIST
M/V “BORIS ANDREEV^- containership (SKP-500), built in February 1989,' &i Varna, Bulgaria Hull project 599.1, class of Register with symbol KM* 12 I A1 containersfiips Class renewal date 20th January, 1993, annual submission 20th January, 1993 seaworthiness certificate 20th January, 1993 1 Submission of propeller shaft 20th January, 1993 Last] docking 3rf August, 1991.
SHIP’S MAIN DATA
Length overall /48.5 m.Length between perpendiculars 136.0 m.Breadth extreme ' 21j.0m.Moulded depth 10 9 m.Load draught 7.65 mLight draught 6 0mLoad displacement 149991Light displacement 5782 tDeadweight 87171Gross register tonnage 9764 tShip's code letters UQAJ
Main engine 6 DKRN-67/140-4 (K67GF) 7500 Kw at 140 rev/min, built in the USSR P/O Br’ansk mechanical yard under B&W licence-fixed pitch propeller
Diesel generators: 3 pcs, type 5 AL 25/30 SULZER 500 KW at 750 rev/min, Poland
ЧЕРНОМОРСКОЕ МОРСКОЕ ПАРОХОДСТВО РЕМОНТНАЯ ВЕДОМОСТЬ
Т/Х “БОРИС АНДРЕЕВ”НА ВНЕШНЕЙ РЕМОНТНОЙ БАЗЕ
Т/Х “БОРИС АНДРЕЕВ” - контейнеровоз (СКП-500), построен в 1989 г в пор-ту Варна, Болгария. Корпус проект 599.1,класс Регистра СССР с символом КМ * 12 I AI контейнеровоз. Срок возобновления класса 20 января 1993 г ; ежегод-но предъявление 20 января 1993 г удостоверение на годность к плаванию 20 января 1993 г Предъявление гребного вала 20 января 1993 г. Последнее докование 3 августа 1991 г
ОСНОВНЫЕ ДАННЫЕ СУДНАДлина наибольшая 148,5 мДлина между перпендикулярами 136,0 мШирина наибольшая 21,0 мВысота борта 10,9 мОсадка в грузу 7,65 мОсадка порожнем 6,0 мВодоизмещение в грузу 14999 тВодоизмещение порожнем 5782 тДедвейт 8717 т
Брупхз-регистррвый тоннаж Позыв ныесудна
86
'Т 7г ■
9764 т. UQAJ
i 'Главный двигатель 6 ,HKHP-67/140-4(K67GF) 7500 квт при' 140 об/миц.построен в ССС^ П/О Брянский машиностроительный завод по лицензии фирмы B&W работает на винт фиксированного шага. I
Дизель-генератор 3 шт. тип 5 АЛ 25/30 ЗУЛЬЦЕР 500 квт при 750-с}б/мин ПОЛЬША
No WORK]DENOMINATION
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF WORKA m o u n t
OF / WORK
NOTE
No НАИМЕНОВАНИЕ j ОБЪЕКТА
КРАТКОЕ ОПИСА H И К РАБОТОБЪЕМ
РДБОТЫПРИМЕЧАНИЕ
1 2 3 4 5
I. ДОКОВАЯ ЧАСТЬ L DOCKING
1. Ship Place the ship into the dock and take it out, including days at the dock. ship
•
1. Судно Постановка судна в док и вывод из дока, включая суток стоянки в доке. судно
2 . As above Connect and disconnect land supply of el. power. Technical supervision. ship
2. To же Подключение и отключение берегового питания э л . энергией. Технадзор.
3. As above Connect and disconnect land telephone. Technical supervision.
•ship
3. To же Подключение и отключение берегового телефона. Технадзор.
4. As above Connect and disconnect fire system. ship
4. To же Подсоединение и отключение пожарной системы.
5. As above Make available fire fighting protection. hours
5. To же Предоставление противопожарной охраны.
час
'б ТоПжё •
J As above ! £agsq>f►7 Тоже f *| As above
8 To же
9 Underwater surface
9 Подводная часть судна
10 As above
jSJpply cdoling foSteF?
Подача охлаждающей водыг t-
Place and remove rubbish containers
Постанови йдарй^Яуборпьк’контей-r ' пНР нейров
Make available, connect and disconnect tanks for sanitary water,''pump'out ari(T,c< remove sewage
Предоставление,подключение и отключение цистерны санитарной' воды, откачка и уборка фекальных вод ’ г
Clean by means of high pressure and sand - sq m blasting - class S A 2 5
Очистить прибором высокого давления и кв м и пескоструйным аппаратом на класс SA2,5
Paint the cleaned surface according to the firm’s technology '
sq.m.
10 Тоже Очищенную поверхность окрасить по кв.м технологии фирмы.
11 Boottopping* ,
t !
1 1 Пояс переменных ватерлиний
12 Boottopping
Clean by means of high pressure and sand - sq.m. blasting - class S A 2 5
Очистить прибором высокого давления и кв м пескоструйным аппаратом на класс 'SA 2,5
Paint the cleaned surface according to " sq m. the firm’s technology Cl ' S A 1 5 ; '
12 Пояс переменных ва- терлйний
Счищенную поверхность окрасить по тех- кв м нблог фирмы KJI SA 1 5
Custo-.mer’spaint
Красказаказчика
Customer'spaint, ' > nКраска’заказ-чика
83
!■■■„ — -.у ? .eanb'y sandblasting гШ .44 I
the cleaned surface according]tb thefirm':- 1 . i
- -* '**•— ■ " -*■ - - т . I >*
^ h n o lo g y
13. Наружная обшивка ш до 1,5м над ГВЛ
'14 Freeboard
14. Надводная часть корпуса
15. As above
15. Тоже
16 Bulwark
16. Фальшборт
who* V.-
a w w fv,.Очистить пескоструйным аппаратом на кв.м класс S А 2,5, г^рчищедщю wepxjjqsq, . , •окрасить по технологии фирмы.
- ) \>« . L '5 I I i .dldabClean by means of high pressure , AppJyj4,.coats of paint. Cl. SA 1.5
/
sq.m.
Очистить прибором высоко|т) давления, кв м Окрасить в 4 слоя КЛ SA 1,5. - h,
Clean the freeboard area by sandblasting class sq.m SA 1.0. Clean the fore and aft area by sandblasting - class SA 2 5.Apply a supplementary coat of paint on the cleaned surface sq.m
В р-не надводн части очистить песко- кв.мструйным аппаратом на класс SA 1,0.В р-не носа и кормы очистить пескостр кв маппаратом на класс SA 2,5 Очищенную поверхность окрасить дополнительно одним слоем краски . кв.м
Clean by means of high pressure, apply 4 sq mcoats of paint. Cl. SA 1.5
•
Очистить прибором высок, давления кв.мокрасить в 4 слоя КЛ SA 1,5. .
mer's P ^ n t :
м о Ъ г* Красказаказчика
Customer'spaint
Красказаказчика
Customer'spaint
Красказаказчика
Customer'spaint
Красказаказчика
17. Draught marks Clean, prune, paint numbers, letters *md,., , ...sqjp.load lines,.. marks with two coats of paint. ,-jix . • /,conventional signs of thruster
* • • •’ > '• - > - -мои см • «■17. ШЦлы углуб- Зачистить, загрунтовать, о красить^ циф-.*к$.м,
лений,груз. ры, буквы , знаки двумя слоями краски,марки уел.
• обозначенияподр.ус.бульба
Yard'spaint
Краска„верфи
89,.
№ ИУЛ!Й№>|ГШ
1Blj^S&tppex open- jinraonthe uppef deck. '
I18. Щпигатные|
отверст, на верней палубе
19. Sea ChestsJ■ /
19. Кингстонные ящики
20. Thruster
20. Подруливающее устройство
Close with wooden plugs for the whole .rtf ; -pcs- 1 period of sandblasting. / ■■V-
*T f - * :
Закрывать деревянными пробками н ^ пё- " шг,- риод пескоструйных работ.
_ I
Dismantle gratings, clean, paint according jo the yard's technology. Renew protector, 5<j)% of fastener. Install grating in place. Clean ^ie internal surface by sandblasting class S/^2.0. Paint according to the yard's technology. ' Carry out air testing and submit to the j Register.
pcs
sq.m.
Демонтировать решетки , очистить,покра- шт сить по технолог, завода. Заменить протекторную защиту, 50% крепежа.Установить решетки на место . Внутреннюю поверхность очистить пескоструйным аппаратом на класс SA 2,0. Окрасить по тех- кв.м,нологии завода . Произвести испытание- воздухом с предъявлением Регистру.
a) Tunnel gratings - remove, clean, paint according to the yard's technology, renew50% of fastener, install in place. pcsb) Clean the tunnel surface by sandblastingclass SA 2.5. Paint according to the underwater surface scheme. sq.m.c) Mechanical cleaning and polishing of thescrew. pcd) Dismantle thruster, technical maintenanceby the representative of Playger firm, installation in place. Submit to the Register. set
а)Решетки туннеля-снять ,очистить, по- шт.красить по технолог, завода, заменить50% крепежа,установить-на место.б)Поверхносгь туннеля очистить песко- кв.м-струйным аппаратом на класс SA2.5. Окрасить по схеме подводной части.в)Про из вести механическую очистку, и шт.полировку винта.г)Произвести демонтаж подруливающего к-т устройства, техобслуживание представителем фирмы Плайгер, монтаж на место. Предъявить Регистру.
Customer’spaint
Красказаказчика
Customer'spaintCustomer'spaint
КрасказаказчикаКрасказаказчика
71 t f ".# V''2 l.f ballast duct Remove covers from the manholes, fclfean,
paint according to the yard's technology, install in place. Renew 50% of fastener. jpcs Clean by sandblasting the iritemal surface of '
the duct - class SA 2.0. Paint according to the yard's technology. sq.m.
/ .f
if
$аналСнять крышки горловин, очистить,»покра- кв.м сить по технолог, завода, постав иЦ‘ на место. Заменить 50% крепежа. ( Внутреннюю поверхность, канала очистить пескоструйным аппаратом на класс SA 2 .0. Окрасить по технологии завода.
22. Protector Renew detective aluminium anodes on the ship's hull, in the thruster tunnel, on the rudder blade. Clean all anodes. pcs
22., Протекторная защита - корпуса
Заменить дефектные алюминиевые аноды по корпусу судна, в туннеле подруливающего устр-ва, на пере руля Произвести очистку всех анодов.
шт
23. Screw propeller D=5m 11950 kg 4 blades
a) Install and remove staging.b) Remove fairwater, release nut, press screw.c) Clean mechanically and polish the screw,perform chromatic crack detection Submit to the Register. Assemble. Test the hub with pressure equal to 2.5 kg/sq.cm., fill fairwater with technical grease, cement nuts of fairwater. set
23. Гребной винт Д=5 м 11950 кг. лопасти 4
а)Установить и снять рештования.б)Снять обтекатель,отдать гайку, спрессовать винт.в)Произвести механическую очистку иполировку винта, произвести цветную дефектоскопию . Предъявить Регистру. Собрать. Опрессовать ступицу давлением 2,5 кг/см2, залить обтекатель техническим жиром, зацементировать гайки обтекателя. к-т
Customer’spaint
Красказаказчика
Красказаказчика
91
1 i',21 ч / t - 5
24. t Steering gear rudder
24. Рулевое устройство
a) Install and remove staging. ,b) Disassemble steering gear,dismantle rudder blade and stock.c) Measure clearances in the bearings of stock, pintles, rudder blade, subsidence. Submit to the Register while disassembled . Assembled, submit while operating
а)Установить и снять рештования.б)Разобрать рулевое устройство, демонтировать перо руля и балл ер.в)Произвести замеры зазоров в подшипниках баллера,штырей,пера руля, просад- ку.Предьявигь Регистру в разобранном виде. Собрать, предъявить в работе , испытать на плотность.
1572^ kg__ >
stock \3988 Ц
IРуль 15721 кг. балл ер 3 9 ^ кг.
set
к-т
25. Tailshaft a) Dismantle intermediate shaft. рс beforeb) Take out the tail shaft. pc disas-c) Measure the tail shaft and its bearings. semblyd) Perform crack detection on the cone of and aftertail shaft. > assemblye) Submit to the Register while disassembled checkf) Assemble, submit while operating. Measure center-subsidence of tail shaft. ing of
shafting
25. Концевой вал а)Демонтировать промежуточный вал. шт. Передб)Произвести выемку концевого вала. шт. раз-в)Произвести обмеры концевого вала и боркойего подшипников. , . и послег)Произвести дефектоскопию конуса кон- сборкицевого вала. прове-д)Предъявить Регистру в разобранном ритьвиде. ‘ центров-е)Собрать, предъявить в работе. Замерить ку вало-просадку концевого вала. прово
да
26. Deadwood a) Dismantle fore and aft packingsequipment b) Repair in the workshop by renewing
sealing sleeves.c) Take all measures, submit to the Register.d) Clean chambers, paint with anticorrosive;antifouling paint. - ' ■e) Assemble, test tightness, submit to theRegister. set
92
I 1 -4 -........ 4 ~ .r.:" и , -
-м-т-
26. Дейдвуднве устройство/
27. Chain lockers
а)Демонтироваггь носовое и кормовое уп-' лотнения.б)Произвести ремонт в цеху с заменой манжет.в)Произвести все обмеры, предъявить Регистру.г)Очиститъ камеры, окрасить антикорро-
зийнной, антиобрастающей краской.д)Собрать произвести испытание на плотность,предъявить Регистру.
a) Clean all surfaces mechanically f ab) Paint all surfaces according to the yard's i ,
technology. sq.ib.
27. Цепные ящики а)Произвести очистку всей поверхностимеханическим инструментом КЛ S А 1,5. шт.б)Произвести окраску всей поверхности по технологии завода.
28. Chain cable of aft anchor 0 44 mm length 110 m
28. Якорная цепь кормового якоря 0/=44 мм дл.НОм.
29. Ballast tanks
a) Roll on the pontoon-deck, detach;b) Clean mechanically, weld slackening studs, check cable slips and connecting linkc) Paint according to the yard's technologyd) Assemble and lay in place. Submit to the Register.
а)Выкатить на стапель-палубу, отсоеди - нить.б)Очистить механическим инструментом подварить ослабленные контрофорсы, проверить жвакогалс и соединительное звено.в)Окрасить по технологии заводаг)Собрать и уложить на место . Предъявить Регистру.
a) Open manholes,renew 50 % of fastener, renew gaskets, close manholes.b) Pump out the ballast residues from tanks.c) Clean from sludge and deposits.d) Renew defective protectors.e) Clean mechanically the damaged parts of paint and varnish coating, paint according to the yard's technology.f) In compliance with the Register's requirements carry out testing: forepeak,
deep tank No 1 portside/starboard,
K B . M
set
K T
pcscub.kgpcs
sq. m.
cub.mcub.m.
Уплотнениезаказчика
customer'spaint
Yard's-paint
Краскаверфи.
Краскаверфи
Customer’ssuplyCustomerspaint
93
i г - .............................. / з ■ 4 5 / Li
tank No 2, r cub.m.tank No 3, cub.m.tank No '4, cub.m.deep tank No 7, cub.m.deep tank No 10, cub.m.afterpeak, cub.m.lubr .oil tanks. | cub.m.
29. Танки бал- а)Вскрыть горловины, заменить 50% кре- Ш Т.
ластные пежа,заменить/прокладки,закрыть горловины.б)Откатать остатки балласта из танков. м3в)Очисгить от ила и отложений. К Г
г)3аменить дефектные протектора. шт.. Поставд)Поврежденные участки лакокрасоч ка заказного покрытия зачистить механическим чикаинструментем,окраситъ по технологиизавода. м2е)По требованию Регистра произвести м3испытание:форпикдиптанк N 1 ЛПБтанк N 2 ЛПБтанк N 3 ЛПБтанк N 4 ЛПЬдиптанк N 7 ЛПБдиптанк N10 ЛПВахтерпиктанки смаз. масла
30. Fuel tanks a) Open manholes, renew 50% of fastener,renew gaskets, close manholes pcsb) Clean and degasdeep tank N 8 starboard/portside heavy oil cub.m.deep tank N 9 heavy oil cub.m.tank N 5 portside diesel oil cub.m.tank N 5 starboard diesel oil cub.m.tankN 13 flow cub.m.tank N 14 overflow cub.m.tank N 16 bilge water cub.m.tankN 21 sedimentation of diesel oil cub.m.tank N 22 consumption of diesel oil cub.m.tank N 23 consumption of diesel oil cub.m.tank N 23a consumption 6f diesel 6il cub.m.tank N 24 sedimentation of diesel o i l c u b . m . tank N 26 boiler fuel cub.m..c) Double bottom tanks: upon the Register's pcsrequirement test by filling cub.m.
94
'1 » 2 ----- I ..... _____ 3 ...... ...... 4 •
JS- 1 ь- \
30. ' Танкитопливные
! ч " ‘
Ш Т.а)6скрыть, горловины , заменить 5Ь% крепежа, Заменить ^прокладки, закрыть
горловины: ,б)Очисггить да дегазировать м3дшгганк N 8 |Т1ЛБ тяжелое топливо" дигтанк N 9 ОЛБ тяжелое топливо.танк N 5 ЛБ Дизельное топливо танк N 5 ЕрЬ Дизельное топливо танкЫ 13 пдртечки танк N14 пёреДивной 1,1 " ’ ?:'1;танк N16 льяльные воды цистернаNi2| !о^Гдйз!топлйва' цистерна N22 ра<ж.диз/топлийа , цистерна N23pabx.T^. Топлива цистерна N23A расхтгаж.топлива цистерна N24 отсТоий.тяж.топлива цистерна N26 котельноё топливо ’в)Танки двойного дна по требованию Ре^' шт.^«^раиспьйэть^наливом. ‘ ш '
31. Main engine Measure deflection before and after docking' measures
31. Главный двигатель
Произвести замеры раскепов до и пфсле докования.
замеров
ELTHE HULL
1. Drinking a) Open manholes, renew 50 % of fastener,water tanks renew gaskets, close manholes, pcs Jb) Clean, wash and dr^ ' ' : : 'c) Paint surfaces according to the yard’s -technology. ' 7 7
d) Repair according to the yard's technology,Test, submit to the crew.e) Carry out chemical analysis.
Customer’spaint
Цистерны а)Вскрыть горловины, заменить 50% кре- ш т.. питьевой воды пежа,заменить'прокладки,закрыть горло-'
вины. ■ • - •• '^Произвести очистку, мойку и сушку ;в)Нроизвести окраскуповерхностей по 'технологии завода. м3 ’ Краска
заказчика
Washing water tanks
Цистернымытьевойводы
Dry compartments
Сухие отсеки
Log and echo- sounder trunk
Шахта лага и эхолота
Mooring hawsepipe with rollers
Швартовый клюз с роликами
г)Произвести ремонт по технологии завода.Испытать,сдать команде. Iд)Произвести химический анализ.'
_ »a) Open manholes, renew 50% of fastener,renew gaskets, close manholes. pcsb) Clean, wash, dry. | cub.m.c) Paint surfaces according to the yard'stechnology. id) Carry out chemipal analysis.
f
а)Вскрьпъ горловины,заменить 50% кре- шт. пежа,заменить прокладки^,закрыть горловины.
б)Произвести очистку, мойку, сушкув)Произвести окраску поверхности потехнологии завода. м3г)Произвести химические анализы.
Open, clean from deposits. Partial mechanical cleaning and paint according to the yard's technology. sq.m.
Вскрыть,очистить от отложений.Частич- м2 но очистить механическим инструментом и окрасить по технологии завода.
Clean mechanically. Paint according to the yard's technology. sq.m.
Очистить механическим инструментом, м2 Окрасить по технологии завода .
a) Remove stop plates from axles, press outaxles, remove rollers. pcsb) Clean components and lubrication ducts check and regulate clearances in the slide bearings.c) Assemble, install in place, operate.
а)Снять стопорные планки осей,выпрес- совать оси,снять ролики.б)Очистить детали,каналы смазки,проверить и отрегулировать зазоры в подшипниках скольжения.в)Собрать,установить на место,сдать в работе.
шт.
шт.
Customer'spaint
Красказаказчика
Yard’spaint
Краскаверфи
Customer’spaint
Красказаказчика
96
! 2 3 1 -■■ - ..4 s.;-.■f-Лl 6. Covers of cargo a) Remove covers, rectify and weld packing
hold
Крышкигрузовыхтрюмов
collar. .. .. . | 1b) Clean by sandblasting - class SA 2. 0the housing seats and the areas affected by corrosion. Jc) Paint the cleaned parts according to theyard's technology. 1 •*d) Paint the covers outside according to theyard's technology. , ^ *
rа)Снять крышки, произвести правку и подварку уплотнительного бурта.б)Очиститъ пескоструйным аппаратом на класс SA 2,0 посадочных мест и мест образования коррозии.в)Окрасить зачищенные участки по технологии завода.г)Окрасить крышки снаружи по технологии завода.
m
sq.m.
sq.m.sq.m.
м
м2
м2
м2
Customer'spaint
Красказаказчика
7. Coamings of cargo holds
a) Rectify and weld coamings and guide packing collar.b) Clean by sandblasting - class SA 2.0. Paint the surface according to the yard's technology.
m
sq.m. Customer'spaint
Комингсы а)Произвести правку и подварку коминг-грузовых сов, направляющего уплотнительноготрюмов бурта.
б)Очи стать пескоструйным аппаратом на класс SA 2,О.Окрасить поверхность по технологии завода.
м
м2
Красказаказчика
8. Masts Clean mechanically, paint according to the pcsyard's technology. Include staging H=8 m. sq.m.
Yard'spaint
8. Мачты Очистить механическим инструментом, шт.окрасить по технологии завода. м2Предусмотреть рештования Н=8 м.
Краскаверфи
9. Water-tight doors
Remove,disassemble, repair wedges and tie rods ( if necessary repair-renew) straighten coamings of doors, fit doors on coaming, renew packing rubber, assemble doors, test t i a h t n « a i h m i t to the crew D C S
97
ч 4
Двериводонепроницаемые
10. Rectangular portlights
Снять,разобрать и отремонтировать зад- шт.райкк и тяги ( в случае невозможности ремонта-замена ) отрихтовать комингсы
дверей,подогнать двери по комингсу,заменить уплотнительную резину, собрать двери,испытать на плотность,сдать экипажу.
Repair by fitting coaming and frame, renew packing rubber test tightness. pcs/
10, Иллюминатор прямоугольный
11. Shell plating
Произвести ремонт с подгонкой комингса шт. рамы,заменить уплотнительную резину, и испытать на плотность.
Mechanical cleaning in the areas affected by corrosion Paint the whole surface, including deckheads on platforms and decks according to the yard's technology.
sq. mCustomer'spaint
11.
12.
12.
13.
Наружнаяобшивка
Wedges of hold covers
Задрайкикрышектрюмов
Произвести механическую очистку в местах образования коррозии.Окрасить всю поверхность,включая подволоки на платформах и палубах по технологии завода.
Make upon the pattern, install to replace defective ones according to the ship's administration instructions.
Изготовить по образцу,установить взамен дефектных по указанию администрации судна
Deck scuppers According to the ship's administrationinsructions, make and install supplementary scuppers on the poop deck and basin deck in the raft area.
13. Шпигатыпалубные
14. Accommodation ladders
По указанию администрации судна,изготовить и установить дополнительные шпигаты на палубе юта и палубе бассейна в р-не плотов.
Remove ladders, disassemble rollers, pintles Clean. Lubricate.Rectify damaged brackets, weld them. Make new stanchions to' replace the damaged ones. Install ladders ой permanent places, submit to the crew.
Красказаказчика
м2
pcs
шт
pcs
шт
pcs
pcs
98
14. Парадные Снять, тралы, разобрать ролики, штыри. шт. трапы Очистить . Смазать . Произвести правку
поврежденных кронштейнов,их подварку. Изготовить новые стойки взамен поврежденных. Установить трапы на штатные места,сдать команде.
Ш. MECHANICS IIL МЕХАНИЧЕСКАЯ ЧАСТЬ
1 . Main engine 6DKRN -67- /140-4
1. Главныйдвигатель6ДКРН-67/140-4
a) Motorclean cylinder-piston group, including overhaul of pistons and stuffing-box of rods. sets
b) Upon the Register’s requirement press out the cylinder liners and clean the water jacket, renew packing rings. Submit to the Register, assemble, test tightness, operate. pcsc) Overhaul end bearings. If necessary remetal detective ones, install in place by fitting on journals. Check oil clearances.Submit to the Register, operate. pcsd) Overhaul main bearings. If necessary remetal. Measure subsidence of crank- shaft on the shackle, remove deflection. Submit to the Register. Assemble, fit on the journals,set oil clearances, operate. pcse) As above. Large-end bearings. pcsf) Overhaul exhaust valves. pcsg) Check tightening of connecting rods. ' pcsh) Check and center movement. setsi) Check and center telescoping. sets1) Overhaul and clean gas-turbo blowers renewing plummer bearings.m) Renew packing on the inlet in thecrankcase of oil piping on telescope, pcsbalance the rotors in the workshop andsubmit to the Register. setsInsulate gas flue. sets
а)Произвести ^оточистку Ц П Г, включая к-т ревизию поршней, сальных штоков. .
Customer'sspareparts
Зимзаказчика
99
G)lIo требованию Регистра прсшзиести выирессовку т у л о к цилиндров с очлет- шг. кои зарубаш ечпого пространства,заменой шг. уплогпительных колец.Предъявить Регистру, собрать, испытать на плотность', ■ , сдать в работе.и)Пронзвестн ревизшо головных под-, ш лпников.В случае необходимости • • произвести заливку дефектных , шт.установить на место с пригонкой по шейкам. П роверить масляные зазоры. Предъявить Регистру , сдать в работу. ^П роизвести ревнзшр рамовых подшипников.В случае необходимости переза- лить. Замерить просадку коленчатого шг.Бала но скобе, снять раскепы. Предъявить Регистру.Собрать,пригнать по шейкам, усы новить масляные зазоры,сдать в работе. . ‘д ) Т о ж е . М о т ы л с в ы е п о д ш и п н и к и .
е)Г1р о извести ревизию выпускных клана- ,нов. ;ж)Пронзвести проверку затяжки анкерных шт.связен. • 'з)Произвссги проверку и цеш ровку движения.н)Произвести проверку и центровку телескопии. 'к)Г1ропзвестп ревизию и чистку газо- ■ турбонагнетателей с заменой опорных подшипников, балансировкой роторов в цеху с предъявлением Регнстру.Изолиро- пать гаопы хл.тракт.
шт. •
к-т
к-т
к-т
2. Dealing o f Disassemble, clean lubiicaling-oil baths, shafting inspect,'perform crack detection, take .
measures. Submit lo the Register. Assemble, measuie clcarances, operate. • - pcs
П одш иш ш кнналоировода
Разобрать,произвести очистку масляных 'ванн,произвести осмотр,дефектацию обмеры.Предъявить Регистру . С обрать, произвести замер запоров,сдать в работе.
шт.
3. Speed governor o f main engine W OOD LPCA-12
Dismantle, takfc to the woikshop, perform preventive maintenance, regulate on stand.- Renew all packings, grind in housing seats. Operate. ■pc
Регуллюроборотовглав.двпг.ВУДБОРДРСА-12
Oil cooler at . , camshaft oa ■ main engine
Охладш ель масла распредвала гл.двпг .
Air coolers of main engine
Охладители воздуха ' главною двигателя •
Fuel healer of main engine
П одогреватели топлива главного двигателя
Демон гпровать.доставить d цех, нроиз- шт. вести профилактический ремонт,регулировку на сгенде.Заменить все уплотнения,притереть посадочные места. Сдать в работе.
Dismantle the pipe pack, take to the w ork - shop, perform chemical cleaning on oil and sea w ater side, renew protector, gaskets, '50% o f fastener, assemble, test, install, operate. ’ pc
Д емонтировать трубный пакет, доставить .• в цех,произвести хнм.очистку со сторо
ны масла и забортной ' воды , заменить . протекторную защиту,прокладки,50% крепежа, собрать , испытать , установить, ■ сдать в рабо ге. _
Dismantle pipe packs, take to the work- shop, perform chemical, cleaning on the -air and sea •water side. Renew gaskets, 50% fastener and protectors Allcx assembling test with •• pressure, install in place, submit to the crew • ' while operating. • •' pcs
/ ^Д ем он ти ровав трубные пакеты,доставить шт в цех,произвести хим. о чистку со сторо- ■ иы воздуха и забортной воды . Заменить •• прокладки, 50% крепежа и протектор- •' ную защиту. После сборки опрессовать,’ установим. па место,сдать в работе . -экипажу.
t *• i Dismantle covers, take out pipe packs, take •
• lo the workshop, perform chemical cleaning on the fuel and steam side. Renew packings,.50% offastcner. After assembling test with pressure,submit Ip the crew while operating. "•
Л*-: . PCS• * * i* \ *
• Демонтировать, кры ш ки , -вынуть трубные штпакеты,доставить в цех,произвести хим-, '■ очнегку со стороны топлива и пара.'За- - ( меиить уплотнения, 50% крепежа После" сборки опрессовать.сдать экипажу в ра-*! '• боте. . ’. • * ,г '
101in 2' £l-»-V* T Z \
f * I7. * CJompressed air Open manholes, dean the internal" surface; ■ starting bottles perform erack detecti&n,subj t',ft) the, у . ■ •, of main engine Register, paint according toth^yardV■. < ;.pcs
technology, rqjak valves and fittings,-close, - pcs check tightness; regulate safety valves and , pcs submit their'blasting to theRegistcr />. ’ . ptjs'
7. Пусковые баллоны сжатого воздуха главного двигателя
8. Diesel-genN2
Дизель- генератор N 2
9. Gas turbo - blowers of dies.gener..
■" - ! i - ■ Вскрыть горловину, очиститьвнутрен- • - шт.нюю поверхность,дефектоадть, предъявитьРегистру,окрасить По технологии завода,произвести ремонт арматуру, закрыть, : •проверить на плотность, отрегулироватьпредохранительные клапанас предъявле-
. .иием их подрыва'Регистру.- - • ■ ■'
Remove valves and fittings, covers, take oat pistons, open all bearings, open compart- i , / с ment of drives, remove fuel apparatus. t Clean and perform crack detection on all ' • components,'then submit to the Register. •Grind in valves, regulate fuel apparatus on J stand, submit to the crew. Wash the crankcase, rub, submit to the crew. Assemble,' • subinit to the Register while operating1 • >f set
Снять арматуру,крйшки вьггащшъ'йорш-1' - к-т ни, вскрьггб ЪсёТ^йшипники, открйть! : I отсек приводов,снять топливную а»- < паратуру . Все детали очистить, дефекте-' ■ вать,предъявить Регйстру.Клапаны пре- ‘ тереть,топливную аппаратуру отрегу- ’ ’ лировать на стенде,предъявить команде.Замыть картер, протереть, предъявить команде. Собрать,сдать в работе Регистру.
Disassemble, clean from deposits and wash all components, perform crack detection and measure components, renew worn ones. Take rotor to4he work'sfiop, perform dynamic balancing. Submit to the Registef.'Assemble by renewing gaskets, 25% of fastener. Renew high temperature insulation and shell plating ' of exhaust header and exhaust-gas duct after m gas turboblowers. AsSfemble, submit to the Register while opefating. ■ ; pcs
„Customer’spaint
Красказаказчика
102
К-r—'-Ктгт
9. . Га^отурбо- нагревателн ДГ? ••
Разобрать,очистит>(дм^к нйромыть м.|все детали , проЙз$)1£ Ш ^ обмеры деталей,йнотёшшё'^^ iРотор доставитьв цех,произИ&}ти дш!а- мическую баЛ^сировку.Пре;£ъявить \ Регистру. Собрать с заменой прбклЬд^к,25% крепежа. Заменить высокотемпературную изоляцию и наружную обшик^у выхлопного коллектора и газовыпуск- ’ ного тракта после турбонагревателей. Собрать,сдать в работе Регистру. '/ ,
10. Incinerator SP-50
10. Инсинератор СП-50
1 1 . Auxiliary boilerКСВВ 2500/7
Renew refractory lining and insulation of , baffle plate on loading equipment. sq.m.
Заменить выгоревшую футеровку и изо ля- м2 цию заслонки загрузочного устройства.
a) Perform chemical cleaning on internal ;surfaces, openboiler, clean from deposits, submit to the Register, close, renew packkigs^ ,50% of fastener. • ! 3 , : pcb) Clean heating surface on the fire side, с ) Dismantle safety valve, disassemble, perform crack detection, grind in, test with pressure* Assemble by renewing packings,50% of fastener,, Regulate valve blasting, submit to- the Register. * pcd) Repair valves and fittings of boiiler:-main stop valve pc-upper blow-off v a l v e p c -lower Wow-off valve * pc-stop valve of main steam line pc-feedwater valve ' ' pc
11. Вспомогательный котел КСВВ 2500/7
а)Произвести химочистку внутренних по- шт.верхи остей, вскрытьтсйтел, очистить от отложенин,предьявйТь Регистру,закрыть, произвести замену уплотнений, 50% крепежа. '•б)Произвесгги очистку поверхности нагрева со стороны огня.в)Демонтировать предохранительныйклапан,разобрать, дефектовать, притереть,о прессовать.Собрать с заменой уплотнений,50% крепежа. Отрегулировать подрыв клапан а,предъявить Регистру. шт.
103
1 —t----- ------- ■/- r~te.. .....
h----- ----- ----— .....3 '.... 1—-*T „*-т——-r*_ T*"**1' -5 _
12. Wast e-heat boiler KUP 300
шт..шт.шт.'шт.
шт.
г)Пр6ювЕсти~ремонт арматуры котла:\ -клапан г;^Шзш'стопорЙы^1-~;,. гюшшн верхнего щю давания
.ги ададш !^-клапан стопорньетгл^нрго паропрор^ца
-1иштан/цитагеяьный
, la) Perform chemi^cleEmirig on the internai. - / surfaces of pipes aac i4 < ^ ,^a i$ f> r. Орегц
clean from deposits, submit to the Register.Close, rene^v packings, 5.0% of fastener.b) Clean heading si rface on t,he fre.'side: ’ у ^' pcS:c) Dismantle safety: valve, cfisassembfe, •’ rperform.qrack* detection, gimd:in,te^t [иpressure^ Assemble renewing packings, ’ .50% of,£a$ten£r. R^gi^ate blasting of valve, submit to the Register. pcsd) Repair valve» and fittings of boiler,- main jjtop v a l v e / 'pci- main .stop valve on,the s^arator ’ pcs- valve од the.jyatCT inlet into the ЪоЙег 'pcs- valve,pn the .outlet of drculatioii yyaier 'froms^p,;.' pcs- lower bfow-off valve r* ! , pcs- steam-water mix inlet valve in sep ., pcs- feedwater valve . pcs- valve on,t]beroutlet,ofboiier. section pcse) R p,air .*iif п е ^ е з & и у level indicators;,, М Ш К Е ^ В Щ Ш and fD ^ 1 5 / l ’ ‘pcs
12. Утилизационный котел КУП-300
а)Произвесги химочистку внутренних по- верхностейтрубок и сепаратора пар^. Вскрыть,очистить от отложений, цредъя- вить Регистру.Закрьггь,произвести замену уплотнений,50% крепежа.б)Произвести очистку поверхности нагрева со стороны огня.в) Демр^гтировать предохранительный клапан,раз6§рать,дефектовать^ притереть, опрер^ватъ.Собркть с заменой уплотнен и й ^ ^ крепежа. Отрегулировать подрыв клапана,предьявит>,Р^1 стру.г)Произвести ремо арматур ы котла:
-клапан главный стопорный -клапан гл, стопорный на сепа-
I ратореi-клапан на входе воды в котел
шт.
шт.
шт.
шт.шт.
шт.
104'
leL
13. Fire pump discharge 90 cub.m. 17KB40x2 (Bulgaria)
13. Пожарный насос произвол. 90 м3 17KB40*2 (Болгария)
14. System piping
-клапан найыхоДе.
продувания -клапан'вхойй пароводяной
• смеЬи в сеп. '-клапан питательный -клапан на вхоДё секции котла
д)Произвести ремо1гг,в случае необходимости гймёну сигнализаторов уровняДобрей тип вхм о т hxm is/i ;
( • . . .
I ‘ •
Disdiantle punlp, carry out cOinplete dis ' assembly, cleaning and crack detecii0ti;6f5 components. Make and renew Шё worn ":?i components. Assemble by renewing packings, gaskets, 50% of fastener, ball bearings. Install in place, submit to the crew "While operating.1
' itft.'
шт.Ш Т.
UTi.Ш Т .
Ш Т.
iCirx
pcs
Демонтировать тасос, произвести полную Шт. разборку,очистку и дефектацию деталей. Изношенные детали изготовить и заме- ' нить. Собрать с заменой уплотнений, - ' ' "прокладок, 50% крепежа, шарикоподшип- ';Ч ’’ ников.Установить на место, сдать коман-!: де в работе.
Dismantle defective part from the piping, ‘ tnake-a new one upon the!pattern, galvanize, . assemble by renewing gaskets,' 100 % of fastener, test, submit to the crew while ’ ’ operating:- new pipes for inlet and outlet of air coolerson dies.gener. * m- cooling of dies.gener. between regulatorAMOT and drain valve overboard. m- cooling of air compressors, supply andoutlet. m- forced (emergency) cooling of air compressors. Install intersecting valve. pc- cooling of main engine from sea water pumpNo 1. \ih- cooling of conditioner CCR. mInstall intersecting valves- conditioner cooling in compressorcompartment m- conditioner cooling from pomp No 1 m- cooling of refr. compressors m- condensate piping of superstructure heating
105
. m- heating piping tlNo. 8 on.djeck . —- piping SVZ. o n , >Д1 a/..
14. Трубопро- Демонтировать дефектный участок трубо- воды систем проводу , по образцу юготовить новый,; • •
оцинкбрать, собрать, с заменой прокладок, 1СКЖ> крепё^ис1шт^,с^ать^кбман- ■ •де в работе: ' .
j -новые патрубки входа и выхода воздухоохладителей ДГ м.
-охлаждение ДГ между регуля- м.тором АМОТ и отливным клапаном за борт
-охлаждение воздушных ком- м.прессоров, подвод и отвод шт
-принудительное (аварийное) охлаждение воздушных ком- прессоров.Установигь секу- м.щий клапан Д
-охлаждение ГД от НЗВ N I м.
-охлаждение кондиционера ЦПУ шт
-установить секущие клапана м.
-охлаждение кондиционера в помещении компрессоров м.
-охлаждение кондиционера от м.насоса N I
-охлаждение реф. компрессоров м
-конденсатный тр-д обогрева надстройки под плитами в р-не м ДГ
-трубопровод обогрева T.N 8 на палубе м.
-трубопровод СВЗ на баке .
106-
"г
15. С02 extin- Weigh bottles/^ n e o E ^ ^ ^ ^ i^ g e by - guishing system overhauling thefvalve and r^eWihg safety
membranes. Submit to the Register. bottles
15. Система Произвести вз^еойгвание баллонов,в слу- бал.углекис - чае необх6димЬс¥й Перезарядку гс ревй-лотного зией клапана-^зМеной предохранитель-тушения ных мембранПредъявить Регистру. >
107
REPAIRS,
USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
L ' g d i d a j -
Cdgnit
L K e n t ] - [^e ivd l
«арматура'донно-забортная арматура баббит
упорная балка ^алгребной вал дейдвудный вал )сонцевой вал вентилятор кмятинаводомерное стекло воронка верхнего продувания всасывающий аппарат в собранном виде втулкавтулка гребного вала ; втулка клапана втулка цилиндра высотагидравлический гофрированный 6 ох иад-с с график демонтаждефррмация.......диаметрвнутренний диаметр наружный диаметр докпостановка в сухой до дорогой ( о цене ) жалоба , л.р о 1УЫ£?~ железо заварказадир 'Si:3 1зазор закалка заказ замена зубецИ ЗЛ О М . / '
изменение износ испытание канавкасмазочная канавка
[к
[ ' ( Щ
Г^г-Сп^Ц
fittings, mountings sea valves babbit; beam, girder supporting beam
• shafi >propeller shaft,tailshaft
• tailshaft• tailshaft■ fan dent
■ water gauge glass• blow down cup• suck element in assembly
• bush,liner, sleeve• shaft bush■ valve sleeve• cylinder liner• height• hydraulic• waved■ schedule,time-table■ disassembly,dismantling r deformation diameter• inner/inside diameter i.<l',TD■ outside diameter, o.d.,OD■ dock■ dry/docking■ expensive• complaint- iron• welding■ seizure■ clearance• hardening■ order• replacement- tooth• fissure- change,modification- wear- test,trial• groove oil-groove
108
КИЛЬ
боковой киль ^ортрвойтпь клепка !Коленвалкольцокорпускромкаj aTyHbлистМ§Ртгрузовая маркамастермастерскаямотыльшейка мотылянабор инструментовнаплавкаобработкамеханическая обработкаспособы обработкиобрастание^ [ § г- ъ о $ ]обшивкаоловоописаниеопыт
С г-1 V )
- bilge keel -vtdlgskeeli
riveting '- crankshaft
осмотротказ ( оборудования,). .[ "f ^ . 'Ц е 1отливкаочистка ошибка,погрешность пароперегреватель паяльные работы переборкаперезаливка ( ^ 1перелом г 'С г £переоборудованиепиттингпластинаплощадьплунжерповерхностьповоротповреждениепогнутыйподводная часть корпусаподходящийполомкапотеряПОЯС_ п ' -I с О
-nng -!- shell,c!asing,hull
tip-brass- platelsjieet- line
, - load liAe- foreman- shop,workshop- crank- crankpin- set of tools- building up- working, treatment- machining- working of material- sea growth, fouling, shells- plating -tin-description ,- experience, know-how- examination, inspection, overhauling, survey -failure
[ 'I(Q; •• -casting-cleaning- error, mistake- superheater- soldering- bulkhead- remetalling- fracture- reconstruction- pitting- plate, sheet- area- plunger- surface- turn- damage,defect- bentr underwater shell plating
„ - suitable- breakage, breakdown, damage- loss- band, beltl Ь
109
[:>г!'[ио 'м л^г ЛГ г е р м ^ е . U .M )
пояс обшивки суднаЬ N ~ правила >предварительныйпредставительпретензия-применениеприпуск,преттирк^причина!просьба \пружинДрабспу'( механизмов ) бесперебойная работа механизмов длительная работа механизмов размер [ d Tif^en U ^ ^ разрыв ( £ г >ерайон ,в районе шпангоута N 6 распорка расточка расход топлива расходдмер расчет регулйровка режим работы ; резец результат в результате
реклама ремонтаварийный ремонт гарантийный ремонт капитальный
- strake- rulfSj regnladohs- preliminary- representative-- claim^application, use- allowance- grinding in- cause- request- spring- operation,runhing- trouble free operation- continuous operation- dimension, size- fracture,rupture
, ' - area- in way of frame No 6
[breisi - brace [b® ^ b o r i n g , bore
- fuel consumption- flowmeter- calculation, account(s) -adjustment
[ n ^ c ( l . mode of operation- cutting tool т result- as a result
[ cW 11 s -д-кЦ и advertisement (ad)•5 repair, overhaul(ing)
emergency repair4 1I OtrrUlnUjjj warranty-repair
мелкиитекущийремонтная мастерскаярубашка (водяная)сваркасвинец_сещряслойсостояниеспособсредствосрокв кратчайший срок в сжатый срок срок службы в указанный срок
срочна
- major repair » minor repair
running repair- repair shop- water cooling jacket- welding
U g L l .... .-lead"[Л t ( )vA - section, unit
- layer, coat(ing)- condition, state- method,way- means- time,date * щ the shortest timeST- as soon as possible
, - service life- by the time fixed- urgently
C 'k u i
[ W > e 0
110
сталь > нержгиаешхдад^аль стецень *степень повреждения
в некоторой степени стоимость - 'приблизительная стоимостьстягивание |счет ,счет на ремонтное работы твердость tтвердый / ктехника безопасностиtтехнология <течьтолщинаточностьтребованиетрещинаувеличениеуголудалениеудар_уменьшениеусловиеформацентровкачертежжаростойкий чугун ширина
- steel- stainless steel- degree, extent,- extent of damage- to some extent- cost,price- approximate cost (price)- tightening- account- repair account- hardness- hard- safety engineering- technology- leakage,leak- thickness- accuracy, precision- requirement- crack, fracture- increase,growtlyise- angle- removal- impact- decrease, reduction- condition- shape- alignment- drawing- heat-resisting cast-iron- width
USEFUL VERBS
взвешивать - to weighвключать - to switch onвключать (содержать в себе) - to includeвосотанавливагь - to restoreвращать - to revolve,to rotate,to turnвскрывать - to open upвставлять - to insert,to set inвыбирать - to choose,to selectвывинчивать - to screw outвыводить из дока - to undockвыгружать - to dischargeвыключать - to switch offвынимать - to removeвыполнять (работу) - to carry out, to do (a job), to effectвыправлять (выравнивать) - to fairвыпрямлять - to straightenвыпускать ( освобождать) - to release
I l l
вырабатывать ( производить )вырезать ,вырубатьгарантировать.грузитьдвигаться)дегазироватьдежуритьдействовать (воздействовать)демонтироватьдержатьдеформироватьсядоговариватьсядозаправитьсядоставлятьдренироватьзабрызгиватьзавариватьзаверять (документы)завинчиватьзаделыватьзажигатьзакаливатьзаканчиватьзакрыватьзамедлятьзаменять (произвести замену) заменять частично замечатьзаполнять ( документы ) заряжать ' изготавливать , изменять измерятьизмерять глубину ( танков )изолироватьиметь задирыисправлять,испытыватьиспытывать на герметичность класть клепать коробиться красить красить заново нанести краску в два слоя маркировать месш ( подметать ) мьпъмыть шваброй
- to output, to produce- to crop- to cut out- to guarantee- to load- to move- to degas- to keep watch- to affect- to disassemble, to dismantle- to hold, to keep- to be deformed- to arrange- to refuel- to deliver- to drain- to splash- to weld up- to validate- to screw up- to fix, to close- to light- to harden- to complete, to finish- to close, to cover- to slow downj- to replace, to renew, to substitute- to renew partly- to note- to complete, to fill in- to charge- to make, to fabricate- to change, to modify- to measure- to sound, to dip- to insulate[- to be scarred- to rectify- to test- to test for tightness- to put- to rivet- to buckle- to paint, to coat- to re-coat- to apply 2 full coats of paint- to mark- to sweep- to wash- to mop
112
наблюдать нагревать назначать назначать цену наматывать нанимать наплавлять направлять нарезать резьбу натягивать нестиобеспечиватьоблицовыватьобнаружитьобслуживатьобрабатыватьопределятьопределять степень поврежденияослаблятьосматривать
[ р£м St 'р &Uri l
оставлять осушать отделять откладывать открывать отливать оценивать очищать паятьпередавать ( тепло и т.д. ) перез аливать перез аливать баббитом перекачивать переливатьперемещать(ся) , ,переоборудоватьплавить L ^ e L t ^пломбировать повреждать поднимать подгаерждахь-подходить (соответствовать)позволятьпокидатьполоскатьпомещатьпомогатьпредлагатьпредназначать
Ср-ечл,
1
- to watch- to heat- to assign- to charge- to wind- to employ- to build up- to direct- to screw- to strain- to carry- to ensure, to provide- to line up, to coat- to detect, to find- to serve, to service,to maintain(mex )- to machine, to treat- to determine- to estimate the extent of damage -- to loosen- to inspect,to examine,to survey,
to overhaul- to leave- to drain- to separate- to postpone- to open- to cast- to estimate- to clean- to solder- to transfer- to remetal- to re-babbit- to pump- to overflow- to shift- to reconstruct- to melt- to seal- to break, to damage- to lift, to raise- to confirm- to match- to allow, to permit- to leave- to rinse- to place- to help, to assist- to offer- to, design
113
[ irW aitf L .^u’sfujll
L 1 j
„ /
предохранять предупреждать предупреждать поломку прессовать (давить,прижимать) прибавлять приводить в движение приглашать пригодиться пригонять прикреплять применять принимать мерыпринимать меры предосторожности/ гфйнимать сделанную работу jVprU’vi притирать причинять пришабривать пробовать проверять продуватьпроизводить (генерировать) производить (выполнять) производить (вырабатывать) проливать(ся) проникать [ репускать (машину)ПЫТаТЬСЯ ' к-о ^ г е н ]работатьразбиратьразвивать мощностьразгружатьразделитьразмещать заказрасполагатьрастачиватьрасходоватьрасширятьсярегулироватьрезатьрекламироватьрекомендоватьремонтироватьрубитьруководитьсвариватьсверлитьсвязывать (между собой) связываться с кем-то скреплятьскручивать f г i п I
- to protect- to warnl- to prevent damage- to press- to add -- to drive- to invite- to be useful -- to fit- to fasten,to attach- to apply, to use -- to take measures- to take precautions- to approve of the work done- to grind in- to cause- to scrape- to try- to check, to test- to scavenge- to generate- to effect- to produce- to spill- to enter, to penetrate -to start-to try- to operate, to run- to dismantle- to develop power- to discharge- to separate, to divide -- to place an order (with)• to place, to locate- to bore• to consume, to- spend• to expand• to adjust- to cut• to advertise• to recommend• to repair• to chip■ to direct, to be in command• to weld up■ to bore, to drill■ to inter/connect to contact smb
■ to fasten, to fix■ to wring
114
случаться (происходить) смазывать смеШивать снабжатьснимать показания'бнимать ржавчину [ ^ i|>] [_ г- лсоблюдать правиласоглашаться [ 1 г- Ч \соединятьсообщатьсоставлятьсправляться^ t к РIспускатьсравниватьаоюдс!'. [ к ^ 11> tставить в докстягиватьсчитать (полагать) [ vc. i n ' S ' d b i 1 i*v]считать (подсчитывать)сушитьтащнть [ d г у.] [ рч[ ]теретьтечь (пропускать)Т О Ч И Т Ь
требовать тянутьувеличиваться) удалять (вьшрессовывать) ударятьудовлетворять требования укладывать [ S { з ч ]улучшать . уменьшать упрощать уравновешивать ускорять устанавливать устанавливать заново устраивать (подходить) устранять неисправность центровать циркулировать чиститьчистить струей воды под давлением чистить щеткой шлифовать
- to/occur,to happen, to take place- tctdu, to lubricate- to mix- to^supply- to t£ke readings- to cjiip off rust- to fellow/observe, rules/regulations- to a^ree- to cdnnect- to inform- to n^ake up- tcycope with- to lower- to compare- to dock, to place in dock- to tighten- to think,to consider, to believe- to count- to dry- to draw,to pull- to rub- to leak- to sharpen- to require- to pull, to draw- to increase- to remove- to strike, to hit- to meet requirements- to stow- to improve- to decrease, to reduce- to simplify- to balance- to speed up- to install, to fit,to set up- to refit- to suit- to eliminate a fault- to align- to circulate- to clean- to clean by high pressure water vjet hosing- to brush- to polish
11$
CONVERSATIONAL s e c t io n d ia l o g u e s
w o r d s a n d e x p r e s s io n s
viscard-visiting £ard - визитная карточкаsafety rules - правила безопасностейto get down to business - приступать к делуinstead of ' - вместоscope of work [ I - объем работыin fUll - полностьюto quote j[_ k. W 2 u tj - назначить цену^цава^ь расценкуto cancel - аннулировать,отменитьadditional - дополнительныйup to you - на ваше усмотрениеsupplementary - дополнительныйas soon as possible - как Ьюжно скорееforeman - бригадирdimensions ,. scantlings L ^ ^’3^
- размеры- размеры
as far as I understand - насколько я понимаюas well as - так же,какmisunderstanding - недоразумейиёwelding outfit I guess [ ^
- сварочное оборудование-Я полагаю
I am pressed for time - Я спешуWell do our best - Мы сделаем все возможноеtomind [ - возражатьaccordingly , restoration repair L ,
- соответствующим образом- восстановительный ремонт
exhaust (gas) boiler - утилизационный паровой котелcoil * змеевикbend - колено,изгибwaste heat recovery system - система утилизации теплаlack - отсутствие
DIALOGUE 1
Ship Repair Manager Good afternoon! I am Mr Brown. IH be in charge of the repairs. • • ~ '
Ship's Master How do you do Mr Brown? Glad to meet you. This is our Superintendent, Chief Engineer and this is our Chief Officer
Ship Repair Manager- Nice to meet you, gentlemen. Here is my viscard. And here is our ship yard safety rules and regulations.
Ship's Master : Thank you. And now let's get down to business. We'd like to discuss some repair list items.
Ship Repair Manager- Let's start from item 2 Bo^ttop sandblasting.Chief Engineer : Only 10% of the surface instead of 30% which is 200m2.
116
Ship Repair Manager;|fo.К. Item 3 Boottop painting. ■,Chief Engineer : 6«xoats of paint to be applied instead of 5.Ship Repair Manager ifem 4 . Bilge keels.Chief Engineer : Tq be cancelled.Ship Repair Manager Item 5.Chief Engineer : The? scope of work to be determined after inspection.Ship Repair Manager: Item 6.Chief Engineer : To be checked.Ship Repair Manager: Iran 7.Chief Engineer : Tti be done in foil.Ship Repair Manager: Item 8 It's not clear which work is quoted.Superintendent : OJKT. We'll settle this problem during the meeting with
the financial director of the yard.This work may be requoted.. >
Chief Engineer : You'see, as a number of items have been cancelled I think well be able to make some additional repairs.
Ship Repair Manager: Up to you. But please get ready the supplementary repair list as soon as possible.
Chief Engineer : It will be ready tomorrow morning. How often shall wemeet?
Ship Repair Manager: П1 be on board every morning at 10. Besides we'll have a general meeting of all the foremen at 10 each Monday.
Ship’s Master : Well, it suits us perfectly. When are you going to place our ship in dock?
Ship Repair Manager: In two days, I think. The ship will be connected to the shore power supply. By the way, how much power do you need?
Chief Engineer : 120 k.w. And what about cooling water for therefrigerator? ; -•
Ship Repair Manager: Cooling water will be provided throughout the repairs And as soon as the ship is docked we'll connect the ship's fire fighting to shore mains at two points.
Ship's Master : And when are you going to make telephone line connection?
Ship Repair Manager: As soon as the ship is dry-docked.
DIALOGUE 2x ' t
Ship Repair Manager: Let's discuss the work for tomorrow.Chief Engineer : I think you will start with the piston rings. Some 150
piston rings are to be cast and machined. We need six cylinder liners. The exact dimensions (scantlings), material and working of material are all stated in the working drawings. Rough dimensions of the rings are as follows: diameter - 450 mm, height - 12 mm, width -12 mm.
Sipp Repair Manager: As far as I understand the liners to be made o f. cast iron with Brinnel hardness of 180 units and the rings to be made Of the same material but with hardness
117
figure five unitsjiiigher. O.K, we'll start casting tomorrow itiotfimg.
Chie? Engineer . And what *£bout inspection of the hull ? The scope oi sandblasting hasn't been determined yet.
Ship Repair Manager- Don’t Worry! We may go into the dock-arm just now and inspect the hull for rust as well as the rudder for sea growth \
Chief Engineer : О. K. That s settled By the way you didn't weld the cracks in the piston head yesterday. Why?
Ship Repair Manager: I am Sony. There was some misunderstanding. We'll bring the welding outfit tomorrow and do all the necessary welding And now let's go into the dockarm. I guess, the mo^t bulky work is cleaning, scraping, chipping off the rust and painting the ship's bottom.
Chief Engineer : Right you kre.
* # *DIALOGUE 3
- Good morning, Mr Brown! Would you like a cup of coffee ?- No thanks. I am pressed for time. What did you want to see me about?- I'd like the main bearings to be rebabbited and bored out. The babbit
metal should contain not less than 83 per cent of tin You should follow as closely as possible the dimensions and shapes of the old bearings The oil grooves should be scraped out as in the old ones.
-O .K We'll do our best. Ву the way the valve which was sent to the repair shop is ready for inspection. When would you like to go there and check it?
- At 10 am. tomorrow if you don't mind-O .K That's settled. See you later.
* * *
DIALOGUE 4
- Good morning, Mr Brown. I am sorry, but the work in tank No 2 hasn't been started yet.
- Yes, but there is some water in the tank and we can't work there As soon as you drain the water out well start the work.
- О. K. I’ll call the boatswain and well settle the problem. By the way how much time will it take you to complete the work in hold No 1?
- About 3 days, I think.- 1 am sorry to say but I am not satisfied with the quality of painting in
the hold I think you should apply another coat of paint- No problem, Chief Engineer. I'll instruct the foreman accordingly
* * *
118
Chief Engineer : How do you do, Mr Brown! I’d Шее to remind you that according to the instruction ofihe shipowners we have included the restoration repair b f the exhaust boiler economiser and evaporator in tfie supplementary repair list.
Ship Yard Representative: What kind of the exhaust boiler is installed on your ship? \
Chief Engineer: It is a coil type exhaust gasf boiler.S. Y. R. : How many economiser coil дге to be renewed?Chief Engineer : 48 ^S . Y. R. : What about evaporator coils?Chief Engineer : 64 >S . Y. R. : How many bends have the cops?Chief Engineer : An evaporator coil has 9 bends and an economiser coil has
5 bends.S . Y. R. : What is the diameter of the coil tubes'?Chief Engineer : The outside diameter is 29 mm.S. Y. R. : The tubes of such diameter are not in stock just now. But
we can offer you the tubes of 27 mm in diameter.Chief Engineer : In this case only replacement of the economiser coils will
be included in the repair list. You see coils fabricated from tubes of smaller diameter will reduce the heating surface of the evaporator which will not ensure the normal operation of the waste heat recovery system.
S. Y. R. : As far as I understand you are ready to confirm cancellingreplacement of the evaporator coils from the repair list, aren't you?
Chief Engineer : Yes, we are. But please write a letter to our shipowners about lack of tubes of the required diameter in your shipyard stock.
BUSINESS LETTERS WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS f
to consider С 'с -рассматривать , >concerning £ К "s m 1 с, d 1 n : ^ - относительно , коas regards to - относительноa/m=above mentioned - вышеупомянутыйrequires further consideration - требует дополнительного обсужденияto exceed - превышатьas per _ согласноsheet L -таблицаsuggestion ^ V eldest -предложение ,as to - относительноto take into consideration p (_ _ - принимать во1 внимание'We regret having to note И j _ Мы, к сожалению, вынуждены заметитьin spite of L s p d i t \ -несмотряна (to make efforts ^ {_ »£ f > 1 1 - приложить усилияto date - до настоящего времени, к настоящему
времени
DIALOGUE 5
и У
promise to submit schedule • | to hand over
t
current subsequent in order to to avoidmisunderstanding extra expensesat your earliest convenience [ к V f: можно раньше uinclusive i r,' k [ ^ " включительноnotice -Извещение/
i
LETTER 1 fDear Sirs,After considering offers of three firms and meeting with your representative Mr.
Dityatev concerning the hull painting of the m/v "A" we decided to use your services in paints supply and painting work quality control of the a/m vessel at the shipyard... The offer made by us before as regards to the scope of hull painting requires further consideration. As the hull floating part is in good condition and sandblasting is not to exceed 10 per cent ( of the whole surface), boot-topping is to be painted as per Baltoflake sheet the hull underwater part as per previously agreed sheet with possible correction of the scope of painting after dock inspection.
Please let us have your suggestions as to sheet and scope of the ship painting taking into consideration the hull state and our wishes.
Yours faithfully,
LETTER2
Dear Sirs,We regret having to note that in spite of all our efforts made to carry out repairs in the
shortest possible time and with a minimum of difficulties to date the minimum possible scope of work has been done.
In spite of Ship Repair Manager - Mr. Brown's promise to submit the repair work schedule on Monday, December 12, it has not been handed over to the ship's staff yet which doesn't make it possible to get ready the ship, mechanisms and personnel for carrying out repairs for the current and subsequent davs.
In order to avoid misunderstandings, extra expenses and to make our mutual efforts in carrying out repairs most efficient please submit at your earliest convenience the work schedule up to December, 21 inclusive.
Please carry out any work only at a 24 hours’ notice for the ship's staff.Yours faithfully,
[,' p г m i s ] -^б^щание t- представлять- расписание- вручать |- Текущий !
[ ’ S Л b S i k. ъ I - последующий , ^ 1- для того, чтобы
[ s 1 ^э id - избегать , ) мАх>' >льи1 j осй-cSo- недоразумение
[ | к 1 р J, _ Дополнительные расходы •
120
SHIPYARD’S SAFETY RULES AND REGULATIONS FOR COMPLIANCE BY SHIP PERSONNEL AND
THEIR HIRED CONTRACTORS
compliancecontractorto hireto certifypefs&nnelvali^penhitin the vicinity actuationcargb/stripping valve to render inoperative fuseconfined spaceapprovalto demarcatesourceappropriatefearflammable environment to prove hazardous in way of warning intention access opening to create extensive .to anticipate emergency exit in the event of occurrence swift priority pollution garbage combustibles explosion soot ashother than yellowish afloat to attempt
id
7WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
соблюдение ( правил ) подрядчик нанимать| удостоверять персона^л £действительный ( о документе ) разрешение в'райо^ х л ' “
приведение в действие грузовой клапан ( на танкере ) вывести из действия плавкий предохранитель ограниченное пространство одобрение разграничивать источник соответствующий опасениевоспламеняющийсяокружающая среда, зд: местооказыватьсяопасныйв районепредупреждение
- намерениеотверстие для прохода или доступасоздавать ,обширныйожидать ‘аварийный выход в случае случайбыстрый , Слсо~&-х-'приоритетзагрязнениемусоргорючеевзрывсажа, копоть пепел
• кроме желтоватый на плавупытаться
121
to jnitkfe [ i' n i $111 _ начать,приступить vin advance - заранее /
1. Safety Meeting
On arri\,al of the vessel,a safety meeting would be arranged by,the Ship Repair Manager with the ship's crew.Included in the meeting would be the Superintendent,Captain, Chief Officer and Chief Engineer. This meeting will ensure that the ship's crew ;are made aware of the yard's requirenients on safety.
I !I2. Periinit-To-Work System
Any 'hot-work' undertaken on any part of the vessel must first be certified by a Safety personnel and a valid 'hot-work' permit obtained before cotnjmencing the Tiot-work'. This certificate must be displayed in the vicinity of the 'hot-work' area.
3. Actuation of Hydraulically Controlled Cargo/Stripping Valves.
The controls of these valves should be rendered inoperative by removal of the fuses of the hydraulic motors. These fuses should be kept by the Master or Chief Officer of the vessel. On no condition should these valves be actuated in tanks and other confined spaces certified fit for 'hot-work' without the prior approval of the Safety Department or the Ship Repair Manager.
Also the control room should be locked at all times to prevent unauthorised entry.
4. Manually-Controlled Cargo/Stripping Valves
These valves should be made inoperative by securing them with chains and padlocks to prevent their accidental operation for tanks and confined spaces certified fit for 'hot-work'.
5. Bunker/Fuel Oil Tanks
All bunker tanks containing fuel oil must be demarcated. Should there be high gas content detected,these spaces must be ventilated.There should be no 'hot-work' or any source of ignition in the vicinity of these tanks.
6. Ballasting and De-Ballasting Operations and Procedures
Proposed ballasting and/or de-ballasting processes onboard vessels must be first brought to the attention of the Safety Officer or the Ship Repair Manager so that appropriate safety precautions could be taken to prevent unnecessary accidents and fires.This is to ensure that all 'hot-work' in the tanks is stopped for fear of accidental discharge of flammable oil from the pipelines/valves into the working environment.
122
7. Dismantling of Valves/Pipelines/Heating Coils in Areas Fit for ’Hot-Work'
No dismantling of valves/pipelines/heating coils are allowed in those areas certified fit for hot work.This is to prevent accidental discharge of oil or flammable vapour i,nto 'hot-work' areas,
i ' '8. Turning of propeller and Rudder
Such work operations in dry dock could prove hazardous should workmen be wbrking in the outboard in way of the stem area.Prior warning of such an intention must be communicated to the Fitters Afloat Department or the Safety Department so that adequate preventive measures could be taken to eliminate accident risks.
9. Smoking
Smoking is strictly prohibited in the engine, boiler and pump rooms and in all confined spaces. In addition to the above areas, smoking is also not permitted on the main deck except in designated area like poop deck.
10. Engine Room Access Opening
This opening is to be created in way of the engine room shell plate when extensive production work is anticipated in the engine/boiler spaces so that it may serve as an emergency exit in the event of any dangerous occurrence when swift evacuation becomes an urgent priority.
11. Oil Pollution
Under the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea Act, 1971, no oil or garbage is to be discharged into Singapore Water.
12. Combustibles Onboard
Contents and locations of fuels, paints, ropes, chemicals and etc., should be made known to the Safety Officer onboard the vessel so that additional precautions could be taken to prevent fire and explosion.
13. Air Pollution
Under Regulation 88 of the Singapore Port Regulations 1977, no one should cause the emission for a period of five minutes or more of any kind of smoke, soot, ash, other than thin white or yellowish smoke.
14. Blow Down of Boilers
Blow down of boiler hot water into engine room bilges could be hazardous should workmen be working in that area. Prior to blow down, the water must be allowed to cool and discharged into sea when the vessel is afloat through any of the boiler running down cock/valves. If blow down is attempted when the vessel is in dock, it could be done before drydocking. Prior
123
warning of such indention must be communicated to the Ship Repairjjfoanager or Safety Department so that adequate precautions could be initiated to eliminate accident risks.
i-- !
15. Hazardous Operations_ >
Hazardous operation^ such as bunkering, transfer of fuel oil, firing of boiler apd,testing , of derrick^shduld be in 'advance s q appropriate safety- measiires ebyld be initiated bythe vessel’s Safety Ccy-Ordination Committee.
WELDING - SAFETY RULES
WORD AND EXPRESSIONS
caution - предостережениеdangerous - опасныйto be blinded - быть ослепленнымspark - вспышка, искраarm - рукаleg - ногаbum (burnt,burnt) - горетьhelmet - шлемwear (wore,worn) - носитьgoggles - защитные очкиboot - ботинокrubber - резиновыйglove - перчаткаapron - передникoveralls Л- комбинезонsleeve - рукавcuff - манжетconcrete - цемент
124
Weldiiifj - Safety llules---------------------------- (
f CAUTION: W aking can be dangerous. Any off theseaccident» might Ipappen to you: (a) you could be blinded by sparks; (b) you cfeuld get an electric shock; id your face,
* body, arms, legs or feet could be burnt; (d) there could be a------- " , fire in the workshop.
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING1 A mask or helmet must
be worn in electric arc wekfing. (In gas wekling, goggles can be usedj
2 Ctpthes must be kept dry and dean.
3 Thick, heavy boots must be worn.These must be made of some insulating materiel such as rubber.
4 Gloves, end apron and a cap must be worn.
5 O verall must have long sleeves and no pockets or cuffs.
W ORKSHOP• The floor must be made
of concrete.7 There must be a metal
container on the floor for the sparks.
125
THE ENGINE DEPARTMENT. “DUTIES. WATCH KEEPING. PERIODIC SAFETY ROUTINES.
WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS
CHAPTER 11
licencedto be responsible to
to be responsible for environment implementation policyperformance supervision adoption protection to assignto take over the watch particularlyengineer being relievedrelieving engineerto familiarise oneselfstanding orderto acknowledgesignaturepromptresponsein the vicinityto respondrapidlyto be engaged in to conduct duties at least reasonable storage room circuit skylight to grease smooth
THE ENGINE DEPARTMENT.
- дипломированный- быть ответственным перед кем-либо,
подчиняться кому-либо- быть ответственным за что-либо- окружающая среда- осуществление, выполнение : политика- работаj- наблюдение .- принятие- защита- назначать- принимать вахту- особенно- механик, которого сменяют- сменяющий механик- ознакомиться с чем-либо- постоянный приказ, инструкция- подтверждать- подпись- быстрый- ответ, реакция- тблхзостк, в районе- отвечать, реагировать- быстро- заниматься чем-либо- выполнять обязанности- по крайней мере- приемлемый- склад, х{эашилтце- цепь- световой люк- смазывать
гладкий, плавный
At the head of the Engine Department is the Chief Engineer vho is assisted by, three licensed engineers:
Chief EngineerSecond Engineer / 1 st Assistant Engineer Third Engineer / 2nd Assistant Engineer Fourth Engineer / 3rd Assistant Engineer
126
T ; Chief Engineer is responsible to the master forengine department and the safety of +he crew,;rhachinery and environment directly
withiA its control. tTJie implementation of the company's policies. - 1T ie onboard discipline of all the engine department officers and crew.
ТЪе safe operation of the vessel's machinery and technical plant. The monitoring of performance of the main propulsion and auxiliary machinery.
Ti»e accurate monitoring and control of the versel's fuel alnd lubricating oil consumption and the Status of fuel and lubricating oil bunker quantites. \
ille bunkering operations. The maintenance of the ma£n propulsion, auxiliary machinery, carjjO handling and deck machinery. \/The compliance with statutory and classification survey requirements as regards machinery.
ТЪе reporting of any accident or damage to the vessel's machinery. The safeguarding of owner's and Company’s interests at all times. The training ofjEngineer Cadets.
I
The Second Engineer /1 st Assistant Engineer is responsible to the Chief Engineer for: Deputising for the Chief Engineer in his absense or if he is unable to perform his duties. Preparation of the main propulsion plant for sea.The day to day operation of the main propulsion plant.
, The organisation and supervision of the engine-room watchkeepers.The organisation and supervision of the engine department staff.The adoption of safe working practices on board.The protection of the environment.The maintemance of the main propulsion and auxiliary machinery, cargo handling and deck
machinery.The efficient operation of all Emergency equipment.
The Third Engineer / 2nd Assistant Engineer is responsible to the Second Engineer / 1 st Assistant Engineer for:
the maintaining of an engine-room watch,the maintenance of all plant with particular attention to the main
propulsion engine, auxiliary engine and boilers,the adoption of safe working practices, 'the other duties assigned to him by the Chief Engineer and Second
Engineer / 1 st Assistant Engineer.
The Fourth Engineer / 3 rd Assistant Engineer is responsible to the Second Engineer / 1 st Assistant Engineer for the maintaining of an engine-room watch,
the maintenance of all plant with particular attention to compressors and pumps,
the adoption of safe working practices, any other duties assigned to him by the Chief Engineer or Second Engineer / 1 st
Assistant Engineer.
WATCHKEEPING.Prior to taking over the watch the Engineer of the watch is to examine all machinery and
plant particularly the steering gear,refrigerating plant, boilers, main and auxiliary engines and
127
auxiliary equipment. 7They must inspect all fuel and .lubricating oil pipework?ior leakage. Any defects mus* be imme'diaiely reported to the Engineer of the watch being relleVsd. The Engineer being relieved is to inform the relieving Engineer of the status of all plant, service tanks and suctions in use and any defects which call for special attention. On taking over the watch the Engineer of the watch is to familiarise himself with the standing orders and instructions in the Chief Engineer Order Book and to acknowledge these instructions by his signature.
While keeping a watch at sea or in port the Engineer of the Wa+ch is responsible for the safe and efficient operation of all equipment and machinery, the safety of all personnel in the machinery spaces in'd for the prompt and efficient response to order from £he Bridge or Cargo Control Station.'Д main engines are operating under Engine Room (Control the responsible Engineer/shall remain in the vicinity of the engine controls in order to respond rapidly 16 telegraphed orders.
When personnel are engaged in maintenance or other duties within the machinery spaces, the Engineer of the watch shall ensure that they conduct their duties in a safe and efficient manner.
PERIODIC SAFETY ROUTINES In addition to watchkeeping and maintenance duties various safety and emergency
equipment must be periodically checked. As an example the following inspections should take place at least weekly:
1. Emergency generator should be started and run for a reasonable period. Fuel oil, lubricating oil and cooling water supplies and tank levels should be checked.2. Emergency fire pump should be run and the deck fire main operated for a reasonable
period. All operating parameters should be checked.3. Carbon dioxide cylinder storage room should be visually examined. The release door
should be opened to test the alarm and check that the machinery-space fens stop.4. One smoke detector in each circuit should be tested to ensure operation and, correct
indication on the alarm panel. Aerosol test sprays are available to safely check sortte types of detector.5. Fire pushbutton alarms should be tested, by operating a different one during each test.6. Any machinery space ventilators or skylights should be operated, and greased, if
necessary, to ensure smooth rapid closing.7. Fire extinguishers should be observed in their correct location and checked for operation.8. Fire hoses and nozzles should also be observed in their correct places. The nozzles should
be tried on the hose coupling. Any defective hose should be replaced.9. Any emergency batteries, e.g. for lighting or emergency generator starting should be
examined.10. All lifeboats engines should be run for a reasonable period. Fuel oil and lubricating oil
levels should be checked. , .. ...11. All valves and equipment operated from the fire control point should be checked for
operation, where this is possible.12. Any watertight doors should be opened and closed by hand and power, th e guides
should be checked to ensure that they are clear and unobstructed.
128
A GUIDE FQR ENGINE STORES
Dial G augeM e asure for Sound ing
T ap & Round Die File H and le
C r 3C h ise l (Oil G roove Cut)
c*~- ~
Flashlight
Flat
R oun d
Sm ith T on gs Listen ing R od
:b=b>B o lt & Nut
Micrometer(Outside)
3 =Cloth Tape M e asu re
Spanner (Single Ended)
iS te e l W a sh e r
S c is s o r s for B a c k in g
Wire Rope S ling Sm ith Ham m er
•^3
15 mm Air Hose With Nozzle
С ©I S tu d & Nut
VernierCalipers
Ф(L
Spring BalanceSpanner (Double Ended) Hand Ham rrier
S c is s o r s fo r M eta l
M anila Rope S ling O il M e asu re s
15 mm Flexible Metal Hose Sp lit Pin
о
« / T \
Tachometerf t
Inside Calipers B o x Spanner
0 =Lead H am m er
©
<■ ~P a ck in g Knife Screw Jack
uOil Hopper C a n v a s C loth S te e l PlateО -a=>
Clinometer Outside CaliperAdjustableW rench Wooden Hammer P a ck in g Tool Shackle Oil Feeder
S ca ffo ld in gP late
Galvan ized S te e l Sh eet
MarkingScriber C o m p a ss P ipe W rench Sledge Hammer
H acksaw Frame & Hacksaw Beam G rab
O il Feeder (Syringe)
A lum inum Foot S too l
C o p p e r or S te e l Sh eet
Surface GaugeThermom eter
With holder Screw driverC h ip p in gH am m er
iS
Paralle l Vice Chain B lock
/*G re ase Fump S h o e M a t S te e l Bar
'hermometer Surface PlateSlOO *C Alcohol
Screw driver (C ro ss Head)
Scraper (Rat & Bamboo Leaf) L e g Vice Crow B ar
O il Pan with Strainer
E n g in e R oom D e sk S te e l W ire
Thermometer Straight Edge 500 "C Mercury Pliers
Pa intS c ra p e r
BenchVice W edge W ater Bucket B lackboard
• vY - Type Stra iner
SquarePortab leGrinder
File (for W hite metal) C an te r Punch
W e t S ton e with B e d
Valve Handie Spanner W ire/Brush Eye Bolt
Sp e ctac leFlange
Feeler G augePortab le Electric Drill
_ Q A.
File 300m m Cutting PunchOil S ton e with Bed
Forge with Hearth Painting Brush W a s te B o x U BoU
Steel Sca leStraight >hank Drill
- о Q ЛFile 200m m
C h ise ls (F lat & C ro ssc u t) T o rch Lam p
Anvil with Wooden Bench Paint Can
да a and w ater appliances газовое и водопроводное оборудование-■Г «Л. . _ -- 1 • л-% чОТЯ|),ЖМг аяЬммм***»г МаЫг fluaMna laWr fleverl
plumbfriofixtures водопроводы^* арматура
s u p p ly р |р « п о д в о д о м т р у б а
trap (anti-syphon trap) сифон- - t
supatap кран для
mixer tap (Am/ mixing faucet) for washbasins кран-смеситель для умывальные раковин
питьевои воды(pipe-cutting machine трубоотрезмой станок
настенный водораз- борный кран flushing valve
переливное устройство (сифон)
spindle topнастенный туалетный кран вентильная головка с жестко закрепленным изливом shield
сальникplumber's tools, gas fitter’s tools
extendible shower attachment
насадка с аэратором
water tap (pillar tap) for washbasins
туалетный кран для умывальных раковин
pipe repair stand стенд для ремонта труб
инструменты водопроводчика, инструменты газовщика
gas pliers footprints combination cutting pliersклещи для газовых труб пломбир (щипцы для опломбирования) универсальные клещи - кусачки
sealing tape лента для герметизации
pipe- wrench плоскогубцы с переносным расстоянием
adjustable S-wrench screw епсЬ разводной S -образный разводной франц.
......... гаечный ключ
ftat-nose pliers п л о с к о г у б ц ы
Й Э " - 3
round- nose pliers кругло губцы
pincersклещи
—*Ц>nipple key гайковерт
гаечный ключ
■ shifting spanner com pass saw (keyhole saw) screwdriverразводной выкружная пила (лобзик) отверткагаечный ключ
tin-lead solder оловянно-свинцовый
припой
(£ = = = = ^ _ 1 ( р г Ь о с э > ^
hand saw ручная пила
hacksaw frame лучок для ножовочных полотен
soldering Iron паяльник
pipe cutter трубоотрезной станок (труборез)
Го =55=club hammer
рихтовочный молотокhammerмолоток
spirit level спиртовой уровень (ватерпас)
У *pipe-bending machine
гибочный станок для труб
steeMeg vtce (Am. vise) тиски со стальными захватами
blowlamp (blowtorch) {for soldering) паяльная л^мпа
h a n d d ie ручнаи «инторвэнзя голоАкя (вороток)
screw-cutting machine (thread-cutting machine)
амнтонарвзмой (резьбонарезной) станок
pipe vice (Am. vise) тиски для труб
^ O '/- former (template) шаблон
Схема машинно-котельного отделения современного судна430
1. главный двигатель main propulsion engine; 2. валоповоротное устройство main engine shaft turning device; |3. насос забортной воды охлаждения главного двигателя main-engine sea-water coling pump; 4. насо< пресной воды охлаждения главного двигателя main-engine fresh-water cooling pump; 5. резервный насог охлаждения главного двигателя emergency main engine cooling pump; 6. насос циркуляционной смазкЯ главного двигателя main engine lubricating oil pump; 7. фильтр забортной воды главного двигателя m ■ engine sea-water filter; 8. фильтр масла для главного двигателя main-engine lublication oil filter; 9 топлив> подкачивающий насос fuel-oil supply pump; 10. испаритель паровой steam evaporator; 11. глушите ■ пускового воздуха главного двигателя main engine starting air damper; 12. питательный насос feed w a t« pump; 13. циркуляционный насос утилизационного котла hot well circulating pump; 14. вакуумна™ опреснительная установка vacuum evaporating installation; 15. насос перекачки котловой воды boiler wate transfer pump; 17. подогреватель топлива fuel oil heater; 18. сепаратор масла lubricating oil separator; I19. подогреватель масла перед сепарацией preseparation oil heater; 20. насос перекачки топлива fuel d transfer pump; 21. насос перекачки масла lubricating oil transfer pump; 22, насос забортной воды охлаждения вспомогательных механизмов auxilliary machinery sea water cooling pump; 23. насос пресной вод| охлаждения вспомогательных механизмов auxiliary machinery fresh water cooling pump; 24. резервный нас охлаждения вспомогательных механизмов auxiliary machinery emergency cooling pump; 25 ручной топливны' насос manually operated fuel-oil pump; 26. дизель генератор diesel generator; 27. баллон пускового воздухг starting air tank; 28. ящик для ветоши waste collector; 29. сепаратор дизельного топлива diesel oil sep ara to l 30. стол верстак на одно рабочее место work table for one penscj^ 32. осевой вентелятор axial ventilator; 3 f l насос пожарный fire water pump; 35. осушительно-балластныи насос bildge pump; 36. насос добавочной фильтра prefilter pump; 37 фильтр забортной воды sea-water filter; 38. насос санитарной мытьевой водш sanitary washing water pump; 39. пневмоцистерна забортной воды pneumatic sea-water intake tank; I40. пневмоцистерна пресной воды pneumatic fresh-water tank; 41. санитарно-бытовой водонагревателг water-heater for domestic needs; 42. насос горячей мытьевой воды hot washing water pump; 43. отопительмьи агрегат heating system set; 44. трап подъемный ladder; 45. монорельс monorail; 46. валовая линия prop I shaft tunnel; 47. цистерна сбора шлама ash-collecting tank; 48. бачок продувания фильтра filter air tank; | 49. бачок раэбора масла service lubricating oil tank; 50. цистерна отстойная дизельного топлива disel > separating tank; 51. цистерна отстойная для тяжелого топлива heavy fuel oil separating tank; 53. бак мерньи^ топливный fuel oil measuring tank; 55. цистерна грязного топлива и масла used-up fuel-oil and lubricating-cl tank; 56. сепаратор моторного топлива diesel oil separator; 57. кингстонный ящик sea-valve box; 58. главньР тоубопоояол забоптной вопы main sea-water Dioina: 59. вентиляционный втпукопппяпп v»»ntilatino air-nine
1ы”
131
.FOR MARINE ENGINEERS FLUENT IN ENGLISH } \ ENGINEERING HUMOR '
Pipe Specifications From a Chief Engineer •
We Were AmusetJ By A Bit Of Engineering Humor. Here,\ye Would L’ke To Share ItWith You
All pipe is ‘o be made of a long hole, surrounded by metal or plrstic centered around thehole IAll pipe is to be hollow throughout the entire length - do not use holes 01 different length
than the pipe \ \/ . / . The I.D. (inside diameter) of all pipe must not exceed the O.D (outside diameter) - otherwise
the hole will be on the outside. j
All pipe is to be supplied with nothing in the hole so that water, steam or other stuff can be put inside at a later date.
All pipe should be supplied without rust - this can be more readily applied on the job site.( Some vendors are now able to supply prerusted pipe.If available in your area, this product is recommended as it will save a lot of time on the job site.)
All pipe over 50 feet (15.2 M) in length should have the word 'long pipe' clearly painted oneach end, so the Chief Engineer will know it is a long pipe.
Pipe over 100 feet (30.48 M) in length must have the words 'long pipe' painted in the middle, so the Chief Engineer will not have to walk the entire length of the pipe to determine whether or not it is a long pipe.
All pipe over 6 inches (152mm) in diameter must have the words 'large pipe' painted on it so the Chief Engineer will not mistake it for a small pipe.
Flanges must be used on all pipe. Flanges must have holes for bolts quite separate from thebig hole in the middle.
When ordering 90,45 or 30 degrees elbows, be sure to specify right hand or left hand; otherwise you will end up going the wrong way.
Be sure to specify to your vendor whether you want level, uphill or downhill pipe. If you use downhill pipe for going uphill, the water will flow the wrong \уф.
All the couplings should have either right hand or left hand thread, but do not mix the threads - otherwise as the coupling is,, being screwed on one pipe, it is unscrewed from theother.
132
THE LIST OF QUESTIONS TO ANg^VER FOR A MARINE ENGINEER WISHING TO WORK ON A
SHIP SAILING UNDER A FOREIGN FLAG r -% - *
GHHCOJK ВОПРОСОВ, КОТОРЫЕ ПРИ АТТЕСТАЦИИ ЧАСТО ЗАДАЮТ МЕХАНИКАМ, ПОСТУПАЮЩИМ РАБОТАТЬ НА СУДА ПОД
j ИНОСТРАННЫМ ФЛАГОМ.
Прослушайте магнитофонную запись, попыт^тесь ответить на вопросысамостоятельно, затем сверьте ваши ответы с предлагаемыми вариантами ответов
1 . What is your name? ^ "ft2. Haw are you? tvAKOlA ЪЬ\ .3. Hciw old are you? С ко b R-AJ-4. Are you married? ft'oi c 14 л ' 'ol
KA< &СЖГО Ъъ\ а^ 'А р \Т Ы5. How long have you been married?6. Have you got any children? или
V ЬАс £ с Г Ы &&TUDo you have any children?
Г o n v,o EC['How many childrenlSo you have? What are they? К OWlA —
7. What does your wife do? < r r o ВАШ . A- 'h C e W h .
- My n^me is 0 ^ 7 Sb4 c't' - ■- 1 am пл?, thanks. в И Э^\- I am 35 1(40,etc). Й-И ъьК <po pr u с p
- No, I are-smgfe.(не женат)
divorced(разведен) r
Э(ДГЦЙ‘Я - 1 have been married lE years.
N ( jYesTTbave.No, I haven’t.
> g^es, I do.^)No, I d o n 4 ^ -----^
> - 1 have oae-ehild (two children: a boy and a girl). v>- My son is a schoolboy:
My daughter is a student.a housewife
(домохозяйка)a nurse
(медсестра)
8. Where do you live?f&E.
9. What do you do (for a living)?или
What are you? Kro b b t(t\P o t< ?ecU ^)10. What educational establishment
did you graduate from and when?Which faculty did you study at?
11. How long have you been working as Chief Engineer (Second
е я л р ь Бо^ лч- ULM/tcC .
- She is an engineer(инженер)
a book-keepertfzMAlL (бухгалтер)
- 1 live in Odessa. J>(номер дома) Pushkins'(квартира) Odessa 270032 Ukraine.
- 1 am a marine engineer. ■
........ • ’ ■ •- I graduated froifl the Odessa ^Marine—
Academy in 198.4. 44 £x i 2. S - 1 studied at the Marine -Engineering
faculty.- 1 have been working as Chief
Engineer for 5 years.4 0
133
12 Irlave you ever taken a refresher/ updafirig course (full time in- service training course)?
■ i-> i. j анг„ X '13 Do you study English? Where do
you study it? г A ~ 'j, 0 4 ^ ^ ^
- Yes, I have taken it once(twice). I t .Vvas in .
- No, I haven't. i
- 1 study Eng[ish>t English language courses (или^Ьп myown - самостоятельно).
Uvl •CM- i e S4»0*’'14. Do you know'that you'll nave a 4 ~lot of problems if you don’tspeak* English fluently(6enio)?
. J
/С- Yes, I doji 'brush up my English everyday. !
15 What was the name of your last ship?jjo- • о f „ - :
16 How long did your last voyage last?
- It was the^M/V ...-
- It lasted ..^months
17. Have you ever been on long voyages? i-оГ-т - - -C n
,, ,,r,U>-f f CMЛ - " ь— ч -y , - t .. • a\ 1 - • 7
18 How do you endure long voyages physically and morally?
19 Do you know that as а rale a _ ' ' - - voyage on ships of our Company r . _.lasts 8 or 9 months Will you ^ e i iovbe able to^endure such a longvoyace? I'J” ^
J ® I,-. (I ■ c \y ,. re-.-
- Yes, I have It was in 19__ .Thevoyage lasted ... months.
- No, I haven't.
- 1 endure them well enough.
• I am sure I will / ^ -I have gone on long voyages before. Anyway it's my profession.
20 Did you work only for BLASCO?
V-- -- , гс,э0 чог;^ 5,ыVv*
21 What ships did you work/sail on?
■ ^ - . > - --. 22 What are the main particulars of your last ship?
23 Let's pass over to the engines ^ What are the main characteristics of " the engine installed on your last ship?f N N > ' 1 'Л X ( ' f - ‘‘ - . Г " ^ ^ ^ * ' ' •
* c
What is the type and the power <o\'cr~ of the engine? ’’ ^ ° 'v'"How many cylinders has the engine? s' ' f u s, ’
- Yes, I didI didn^T)
Besides BLASCO I worked for ...
- I worked on Ro/Ro vessels, ' box/container ships, conventional ships, dry cargo vessels/freighters, tankers, bulk carriers
- They are (см ремонтную ведомостьстР- 85 ) - л .
___ к о м Г г - о i h i - 1It is a /tiieseidl & W, two stroke, single acting, trunk piston (opposed piston, crosshead) type, medium (slow) - speed engine Its power is kwt -
It has 6 cylinders
134
What is the frequency* of rotation? ■ i \ ,
24. ,What problems did'you have :^vvith this type of the ngne?
_ • с
Li5MIave you ever worked on ships sailing under a foreign'flag?
0 Where was it? When was it?^ 0How many snips sailing Under a. foreign flag have you! worked
on? IWhat ships have you,vrorked on?
26. Would you like to work for our
27. Are you ready to complete all the papers/documents?
28. Are you ready to start your _ work soon? Pas ^
’29. How often have you been involved in emergency exercises?
30. What procedures and instructions have you followed with regard to garbage disposal?
; ц
The frequency of rotation-i/.. r.p.m.У ^
- We had problems with ^o tIt (They) went out of order: and we had to repair^replace) it (them). s
- N o,l h a v e n ^ j -»- Yes, I have. ,
I worked on the ship(s) ... jShe is a container vessel.(см.допрос 21).It was in 19__. i '*I worked on the ship from 1$__to 19__
- Yes, I would, because as f^r as Iknow the conditions of work, and salaries are quite acceptable in your Company.
- Yes, I am.
- Yes. I amM can start my work anytime you like.
- Rather often.
a) Distance from the shore should be more than 12 miles.
b) The ship should be on sail.c) The oil deposits existing in the
bilge water should be less than 100 ppm (parts per million).
d) Bilge water discharging control system and separator should be installed on board.
e) In the case of need for discharging the matter should be communicated to the port authority through the shipping agent.
rm>
135
5. USEFUL BUSINESS CONVERSATION FORMULAS
ем могу быть полезен? v/Серде^но поздравляю вас с ...'/Желаю хорошо провести время .^Не сделаете ли Вы мне одолжение ?^ Конечно
'/Обязательно Вы не* правы Вы ошибаетесь Вы тфдвы Между прочим КстатиНикоим образом В любом случае Действительно, на самом деле Договорились?
Само собой разумеется Напротив Не беспокойтесь I Ничего ( не беда)Ничего подобного Что вы хотите сказать?Не думаюЯ согласен с ВамиЯ согласен с вашим предложениемЯ того же мненияПо-моемуЯ так и думалТем лучшеПохоже, что так и будетОб этом не может быть и речиЭто дело первостепенной важностиНасколько я знаюСудя по тому, как обстоят делаВзвесив все за и противВ том, что вы говорите есть здравый смыслЭто нелегко сделатьНапрасная трата времениИз этого ничего не выйдетЭто бесполезноЭто бессмысленноМы исправим это
■ Я немедленно займусь этим делом В чем дело?
- What can I do fo/ you?- My best fcongratulations to you on ...- Have a good time.- Could y6u do me a favour?- Sure j
Certainly- By all rh^ans.- You are [wrong.- You are mistaken.- Right {oy are.- By the way- That reminds me- In no way- Anyway- As a matter of fact- Settled?
Agreed ?- It goes without saying- On the contrary- Don’t worry!- Never mind- Nothing o f the kind- What do you mean?- I don’t think so- I agree with you‘ I agree to your proposal- I am o f the same opinion- In my opinion = to my mind
- I thought as much- So much the better <- It looks like it ' , j- It is out o f the question!- It’s our top priority .. j- A far as I know- The way things are ' - '- On balance I- There is much reason in w hat you say- It's not an^dsy thing to do- It's waste o f time- That won't work- It's no use- It makes no sense- We'll put it right- I’ll give this m atter my im m ediate attention- W hat's the m atter?
What's up?
► 136
Вопрос требует дополнительного рассмотрения
Это неудачная отговорка Вы нам очень помогли Поживем-увидим Давайте перейдем к делу Я долго не задержусь Я буду держать Вас в курсе дальнейших событийПри данных обстоятельствах Подводя итого Короче говоря Передайте привет
- 1 Ъе matter requires further consideration
- It's a lame excuse-You have been very helpful- We'll wait and see- Let’s get down to business - 1 shan't be long- I'll keep you informed of all the developments
- Under the circumstances- To sum it up- In short- Give my best regards to ...
137
, J '16. U SEFU L FO R M U LA S TO W R IT E A B U S IN E S S L E T T E R
s. \i - t- This is to inform you- We are pleased to inform/advise you - 1 regret to in forn /adv ise you- We refer to your letter (offer) dd (dated)
Н астоящ им сообщ аю Мы с удовольствием сообщаем С сож алением сообщ аем Вам Мы ссы лаемся на ваше письмо
(предложение) от ...Ссылаясь на наш е письмо от ...Мы подтверж даем получение ...Мы прилагав^ к письму наш заказПрилагаем при семМы будем благодарны , если Вы...Если Вы это не сделаете Мы будем благодарны за ваше содействие в этом вопросе
Мы интересуемся ...Мы мож ем заверить Вас в том Несмотря на все наш и усилия мы не смогли ... Просим отправить (доставить) ... в строгом
соответствии с наш ими указаниями Пожалуйста, рассмотрите этот вопрос Мы принимаем ваш е предложение Мы отклоняем ваш е предложение Мы сделаем все, что в наших силах Мы будем признательны за скорый ответ Мы будем признательны, если вы окажете
этому делу незамедлительное внимание
- Referring to our letter o f ...- We confirm (acknowledge) the receipt...- We enclose wi'tlf the le tter our order- Please find herew ith enclosed- We shall be grateful if you- Failure to do this- We will appreciate your cooperation in this
matter- W e are interested in ...-W e can assure you that...- In spite o f all our efforts w e have been unable to- Please despatch (deliver) ... in strict accordance
with our instructions- Please look into the m atter- We accept your offer- We reject your offer- We shall do our best- An early reply will oblige- Your prom pt atten tion to this m atter
will be appreciated
GENERAL LAY-OUT OF THE BUSINESS LETTER РАСПОЛОЖЕНИЕ ЧАСТЕЙ ДЕЛОВОГО ПИСЬМА
1)
2 )
4)
5)
7)
Печатный ипамп компании Letterhead
Указание на ссылку Reference line
Наименование получателя Name of recipient 6)
Адрес получателя Address of recipient
Указание на лицо, которое по желанию отправителя должно прочесть данное письмо
Attention Line
Внутренний адрес Inside Address
8) Вступительное обращение Greeting /Salution
9) Указание на общее содержание письма Subject line
10) Содержание письма Body of the letter
11) Заключительное приветствие Complimentary Close
13)
14)
.16)
Инициалы диктовавшего письмо и машинистки
____Identification Line__________
Указание на приложение к письму другие адреса
___Eclosures___________________
Постскриптум ( приписка ) P.S. ( postscript)
12) ПодписьSignature
15) Указание на копии, отправленные в CC.(carbon copy notation)
139
1\ О Б Р А З Е Ц Д Е Л О В О Г О , П И С Ь М АГ
1) INGENIERIE MARITIME ЕТ COMMERCIALISATION HYDROLAND' t - г
t
82, avenue Marceau 75008, Paris I Tel: 7237864 - Telex 611470F \
2) L/i£ef.83c437ift
/ 3) May 17th, 1995
4) Messrs BLASCO
5) 1, Lastochkina Ukraine
7) For the kind attention of Mr. В
8) Dear Sirs,
9) Re: Inquiry for a bowthruster
10) Thank you very much for the interest you showed in Our products and especially in our rudder and bow - propeller system. As promised we are forwarding to you in the enclosure 5 (five) sets of our general documentation you asked for.
Awaiting your prompt reply,
11) Yours faithfully,
12) Iohan A.BAAUENS
13) JAB:sn
14) 5 Ends
LIST OF TELEX ABBREVIATIONS
AN - THAN ABT - ABOUT
ARRD - ARRIVEDATTN - ATTEN TIO N 1ACCLY - ACCORDINGLYABV - A BOV E(ABO VEM ENTIO N ED )ARA - A NTW ERP,ROTTERD AM ,A M STERD A M ADV - AD VISE /ACCY - ACCORDINGLY AWT - AW AITING I ATN - ATTEN TIO N ASAP - AS SOON AS PO SSIBLE B 2 - BE TOOBB - BYE BYE (G OOD BY E) B IB IBTWN - BETW EENBLADING - BELL OF LA DINGC/E - CHIEF EN G IN EERCHRTS - CHARTERERSCP - CHARTER PARTYСGO - CARGOCFM - CONFIRMCHKD - CHECKEDC N -C A NCOMM - CO M M ENCEDTD - DATEDD/D-DTD-DATEDDIFF - DIFFICULTDTLD - DETAILEDENGR - EN G IN EEREST - ESTIM ATEDFR - FROM FM -FYI - FOR YOUR INFO RM ATIONFLLW FO L LO W IN GF R - FORGTEED - GUARANTEED HS-HASHL-HEAVY LIFT INFM-INFORM IM M Y-IM M EDIATELY INFO-INFORM ATION INCL-INCLUDING LH(S)-LOW ER H OLD (S)M TIM E-M EANTIM EMNY-MANYM SG-M ESSAGE
-Ч Е М '- ВОКРУГ, ОКОЛО, Ol
ПРИ БЛИЗИ ТЕЛЬН О- ПРИБЫ Л-В Н И М А Н И Е >- СООТВЕТСТВЕН НО- ВЫ Ш ЕУКАЗАННОЕ
. л- СООБЩ ИТЕ /- СООТВЕТСТВЕН НО- ОЖ ИДАЕМ - В Н И М А Н И Е- КАК М ОЖ НО СКО РЕЙ- БУДЬТЕ ТОЖ Е- ДО СВИДАНИЯ -М Е Ж Д У- КОНОСАМ ЕНТ- СТАРШ ИЙ М ЕХ А Н И К- Ф РАХТОВАТЕЛИ -Ч А Р Т Е Р-Г Р У З- П ОДТВЕРДИТЕ- ПРОВЕРЕНО- М ОЖ ЕМ- НАЧИНАТЬ- ДА ТИ РОВАН НА Я
-Т РУ Д Н О- В П О Д РО БН О СТЯХ-М Е Х А Н И К =- '- П РЕДП О Л А ГА ЕМ О Е *
; - ОТ, и з- ДЛЯ ВАШЕГ О с в е д е н и я :- СЛЕДУЮ Щ ИЕ-для- ГА РА НТИРОВАН НАЯ -И М Е Т Ь- Т Я Ж Ш О В Е С- ИНФ ОРМ И РОВАТЬ- НЕМ ЕДЛЕННО- ИНФОРМ АЦИЯ -В К Л Ю Ч А Я- НИЖ НИЕ ТРЮ М Ы- ТЕМ ВРЕМ ЕН ЕМ -М Н О Г О -С О О Б Щ Е Н И Е
141
MRNG-MORNING N-AND A-AND NTD-NOTED OWS-OWNERS PIC-PERSON IN CHARGE PL-PLEASERYC-REFERRING TO YOUR CABLE RYTLX-REFERRING TO YOUR TLX
RVT-REVERTR-ARE
RPY-REPLYRQD-REQUIREDSUB-SUBJECTSGST-SUGGESTTOMO-TOMORROWTKS VM-THANKS VERY MUCHTKU-THANK YOUTF OR-THEREF ORETD-TWEENDECKТТДНТ-ТНАТTDY-TODAYTMRW-T OMORROWTTL-TOTALU-YOUUSD-UNITED STATES DOLLAR UR-Y OUR,URS-YOURS WP-WEATHER PERMITTING WL-WILL
-У Т Р О< -и
- ОТМ ЕЧЕННО Е, УКАЗАННОЕ- ВЛА ДЕЛЕЦ- О ТВЕТСТВЕН Н Ы Й- ПОЖ А ЛУЙ СТА- О ТНОСИ ТЕЛЬНО ВАШ ЕЙ РДО- О ТНО СИ ТЕЛЬН О ВАШ ЕГО
ТЕЛЕКСА- ВЕРН УТЬСЯ К- ГЛАГОЛ ТО BE ВО
М Н О Ж ЕС ТВЕН Н О М ЧИСЛЕ- ОТВЕТ- ТРЕБУ ЕМ Ы Е -П РЕ Д М Е Т- ПРЕДЛАГАТЬ -ЗА В Т Р А- ОГРОМ НОЕ СПАСИБО
- ПОЭТОМ У -Т В И Н Д Е К -Ч Т О- СЕГОДНЯ -ЗА В Т Р А- ОБЩ ЕЕ, ВСЕГО -В Ы
-В А Ш И- ЕСЛИ П О ЗВО Л И Т П ОГОДА- П ОКАЗАТЕЛЬ БУД УЩ ЕГО
ВРЕМ ЕН И
.142
SUPPLEMENT ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕv ' У
ABBREVIATIONS OF MARINE ENGINEERING TERMS
A,aAB(D)C
absAC,ac,a-cACB
AEalt-alternatoram
ampAMVER
ao
app
apprAPU
ARC
astAT(D/C
athw
atmauxavgAWCMP
- anode анод _ r- after bottom(dead) centre за нижней мертвой
точкой- absolute абсолютный I- alternating current переменный ток I- automatic circuit breaker автоматический
выключатель \- air escape отвестие для выпуска воздуха- генератор переменного тока- 1) ammeter ампер мегер
2) amplitude амплитудаampere ампер
- automated merchant vessel reporting международная система поиска и спасения торговых
судов- 1) account of за счет кого-либо
2) and others и другие- 1) apparatus аппарат, устройство
2) appendix приложение, дополнение- approximate приблизительный auxiliary power unit вспомогательный энергетический агрегат
- automatic remote control автоматическое дистанционное управление
- astern задний, кормовой- after top dead center за верхней мертвой
точкой- athwartship поперечный, простирающийся от
борта до борта- atmosphere атмосфера <- auxiliary вспомогательний- average в среднем, среднее число- absolute wet center manifold pressure
абсолютное давление влажного воздуха на всасывание
awp - actual working pressure действительноерабочее давление
BAR - blade Hea ratio дисковое отношение(гребного вала)
batt - batten рейка, планкаВВ b.b. - ball bearing шарикоподшипникВВС - before bottom center до нижней мертвой
точкиbbe - barrel баррельBD - barrels per day баррелей в деньBDC - bottom dead centre нижняя мертвая точка
143
BDPBF
BFWBHBhdBHN
BHP;bhp
bhp-hr
BK
BKT bkt pi dkr(h)d blr BMBM EP,b.m.e.p.,bmep
BMP
bnrBP, b.p. b p BPD
BRbrgBrktBrlBS
bsh,buBThE
busBWBWR
Cal.
cal
cancap
cb
- bottom dead point нижняя мертвая, точ£а- 1) blank flange глухой фланец / i •
1) boiler feed система питан, ш котла ^ >■ - boiler feedwater питательная вода котла
- Вrinell hardness твердость по БрителкГ t- bulkhead переборка '- Brinell hardness number число твердости'.по
Бринелю, число Бринеля- brake horsepower тормозная (эффективная)
мощность j [- brake horsepower-hour тормозная I
(эффективная) лошадиная сила-час , к- 1 ) bilge keep (боковой) киль ’ /2) brake тормоз- bracket кница j- braket plate бракета, бракетный лист- bulkhead переборка- boiler котел- bending moment изгибающий момент- brake mean effective pressure среднее тормозное эффективное давление
- brake mean pressure среднее эффективное давление
- burner форсунка- back pressure противодавление- boiler point точка кипения- boost pressure difference перепад давления
наддува- boiler room котельное отделение- bearing подшипник- bracket кница, бракета- barrel баррель- 1) boiler space котельное отделение
2) boiler survey освидетельствование котлов- bushel бушель- brake thermal efficiency термический эффективный к.п.д.- business дело; сделка; торговля; предприятие- butt-welded сваренный встык- boiling water reactor реактор кипящего типа, кипящий водяной реактор
- calorie кЖюграмм, калория, большая калория
- calorie грамм-калория, малая калория
- cancelled отменено- capacity производительность, мощ ность,
емкость, вместимость- 1) circuit breaker выключатель
144
А АW >
сс,ссмCei(s); cent t CERC
tcert i fС F;cfl
\/ K'cfm<
cfmn 'eft jCGChn lkr CHU
C.H.U.Cl
cir(c)
CLclcld
Clgelkw . CLP
clrcmCMR
C.No со am CODAG
CODEAG
2) control board щит (пульт) управления3) control button 5 кнопка управления
* - cubic centimeter кубический сантиметр
- Celsius ’ по шкале Цельсия- centigrade по шкале Цельсия- centralized engine room control централизован
ное управление энергетической установки- certificate удостоверение- 1) centiftigal force центробежная сила
2) cubic)^oot кубический фут--confirmed подтвержденный- confirmation подтверждение- cubic feqt кубические футы- center of gravity центр тяжести- chain locker цепной ящик- centigrade heat unit метрическая тепловая единица
- caloric heat unit единица тепла,калория- 1) cast iron чугун2) certificate of insurance страховой сертификат- 1) circle круг2) circuit контур3) circulation циркуляционный4) circulation циркуляция5) circumference окружность
- center line диаметральная линия, ось- clause статья, оговорка - 1) cancelled аннулировано
2) cleared очищено от пошлины- circulating циркуляционный- clockwise по часовой стрелке- center of lateral pressure центр бокового
давления- cooler охладитель- centimeter сантиметр- continuous maximum rating максимальная длительная мощность
- cetane number цетановое число- coaming комингс- combined diesel engines and gas turbine power plant коь^шированная дизель-газотурбинная энергетическая установка
- combined diesel-electric and gas turbines power plant комбинированная дизель-электро-газо- турбинная установка
CODOG combined diesel engines or gas turbines power
145
c o e f ' COG COGAG
COGOG
comprcond
connconstCont
COT
CPcplgCPM;cpmCPP
CPS,cpsCPCRC
CRP ■
CRPO
CS
С to С
cucub exp
cu cm cu ft cu in cu m cu mm CV.cv
plant комбинированная дизеЛь-г^зо- турбинная энергетическая установка
- coefficient коэффициент- center of gravity центр тяжести 1- combined gas turbine and gas turbine bower plant
комбинированная газотурбинная '" энергетическая установка
- combined gas turbine or gas turbine power plantкомбинированная газотурбинная энергетическая установка '
- compressor компрессор- 1) condenser конденсатор .2) condition условие3) conductor проводник
- connection соединение, патрубок, штуцер- constant постоянная (величина); постоянный- 1) contract договор
2) control управление- cargo-oil tank грузовой топливный танк;
грузовой танк (на танкере)- circulating pump циркуляционный насос- coupling соединительная муфта- cycles per second циклов в секунду- controllable pitch propeller гребной винт
регулируемого шага, ВРШ- cycles per second циклов в секунду- compression ratio степень сжатия- clossed roller chock закрытая киповая планка с роульсами
- contra-rotating propellers противоположно вращающиеся (соосные) гребные винты
- continuous rating permitting overloadноминальная мощность с допускаемой
перегрузкой * ;- I) carbon steel углеродистая сталь
2) countersunk раззенкованный, с потайной головкой (о заклепке)
3) crankshaft коленчатый вал 'i- center-to-center (distance) расстояние между..
центрами, шаг (заклепочного соединения)- cubic кубинский- coefficient ofcubical expansion коэффициент
объемного расширения- cubic centimeter кубический сантиметр (смЗ)- cubic foot кубический фут- cubic inch кубический дюйм- cubic meter кубический метр (м3)- cubic millimeter кубический миллиметр (ммЗ)- calorific value теплотворность
146
C W - clockwise по чкса^ой стрелкесу - cycle цикл ' - ' /
cyl - I ) cylider цилиндр 2) cylindrical цилиндрический
D - drag сопротивление,DC;dc;d-c - direct current постоянный токDD - direct drive прямой (безредукторный) приводdd - 1) dated датированный
2) delivered доставленоDE - double-ended двухсторонний (о котле)deg - degree градус \
deg С - degree centigrade градусы Цельсия С- degree Fahrenheit'градусы Фаренгейта Fdeg F
deg К - degree Kelvin градусы Кельвина, абсолютная температура, К
dens - density плотностьDG - double-gear двухступенчатый
(о зубчатой передаче)dhg - double helical gear шевронное зубчатое
колесоDHP.dhp - delivered horsepovyer мощность, передавая на
валDia,dia(m) - diameter диаметрDKPltg - deck plating настил палубыDkyd - dockyard судостроительная верфьdm - decimeter дециметр (дм)doc(s) - document(s) документы(ы)DP,dp - dew point точка росыDR - dock receipt доковая распискаDRG - double reduction gear двухступенчатый
редукторdrg - drawing чертежDT - deep tank диптанкdtime - delivery time срок сдачиDW - distilled water дистиллированная вода,
опресненная водаDwg - drawing чертежDY ‘ - dockyard верфь, судоремонтный заводdynm - dynamotor двигатель-генераторЪ - Engler degree условие вязкости в градусах
ЭнглераEBP - exhaust lick pressure противодавление на
выхлопеeflf - efficiency коэффициент полезного действия,
к.п.д.eg- - exempli gratia (лат) напримерel - elastic limit предел упругостиE.H.F.,e.h.f.,ehf - effective horsepower полезная мощность в
лошадиных силах
147
eng / - engine/'двигательEOD' - every other\day через деньER - engine room' машинное отделениеES - engine space машинное отделениеex - examined - «освидетельствовано
i
excl - excluding, exclusive исключаяexh - exhaust выхлопexp - 1) expansiorj расширение
2) experiment опыт, испытание3) expiration, истечение (срока)4) express специальный, спешный
exs - expenses- расходыext - 1) external наружный(
2) extra дополнительный3) extreme крайний
F - 1) factor of safety коэффициент безопасности,запас прочности
2) frequency частота3) fuel топливо
FAC;fac - fast as can так скоро как возможноff - following следующийFFO ! - furnace fod oil котельное топливо, мазутFH - feedwater heater подогреватель питательной
водыFHP - friction horsepower мощность, затрачиваемое
на трениеfig - figure чертеж, рисунок; цифраFL - forced lubrication смазка под давлением •Flged - flanged отбортованный, с оттогнутой -
кромкойFO - fuel oil жидкое топливоЕР. - 1) feed pump питательный насос
2) fire plug пожарный кран, гидрант3) flash point температура воспламенения4) freezing point ‘температура замерзания
FPP ;; - fixed pitch propelleij гребной винт тфиксированного шага, ВША
FPT • - forepeak tank фйрйиковая цистернаFRP - fiberglass-reiforced plastics пластмасса,
армированная стекловолокном, стеклопластик- factor of safety коэффициент безопасности,
запас прочЛсти ft - foot футft hd - feed head напор, измеренный в футахFW - freshwater пресная водаFWT - freshwater tank цистерна пресной воды•gal - gallon галлонgen - generator генераторgl - glass стекло
148
gm - gram граммGMT
t - Greenwich Mean Time гритичское фёднее время
8Р - gauge pressure избыточное (манометрическое) дайление
gr - gear ration передаточное числоGRP - glass-reinforced plastic стеклопластикgrw - gross weight вес бруттоGS - grate surface площадь колосниковой^
решеткиGskt - gasket прокладкаGT -gastight газонепроницаемый • f
- gasoline tank цистерна для бензина, бензобаGTkGTPU - gas tumbine power unit газотурбинный j
агрегатgw - gearwheel зубчатое колесо, шестерняH,h,hr - hour часhd - head напорHFW - hot fresh water горячая пресная водаHg - hydrargyrum (лат) ртуть, ртутного столбаhi 1 hole отверстиеHP;hp - 1) high pressure air line трубопровод воздуха
высокого давления2) horsepower мощность, лошадиная сила
НРА - high pressure air line трубопровод воздухавысокого давления
hp-hr - horsepower-hour лошадинная сила часHS - 1) heating surface поверхность нагрева
2) high-speed высокооборотный, быстроходный
Htr _ heater подогревательts - high-tensile steel сталь высокого сопротивле
нияHz,hz _ herts герцibyibid _ ibidem (лат) там же LICE _ internal combustion engine двигатель
внутреннего сгорания 'ID,id- - inside diameter внутренний диаметрIHP;ihp - indicated horsepower индикаторная мощностьипвр - indicated mean effective pressure среднее
индикаторное эффективное давление ш - inch дюймlnJ - injector инжектор, струйный насос, форсункаms - insulation изоляцияЕ* - intermediate pressure среднее
(промежуточное) давление11 - insulation resistance сопротивление изоляцийJl -joint соединение; стык; паз; шовKc;kc _ 1) kilocycle к и л о ц и к л
149
kgkv ' Kw lb,lbs LD LDC liq, lq
LMC
LP,lp,l-pLPB
LTlub
LVlwmamarMCR
ME
mehp
МЕР
Mg
MGPS» - / * . / i
MHmin
MIP
Mi sc mixt ML mmMMF,mmfMP
MPC
2) kilocycles per second килогерц (кгц^- kilogram килограмм (кг)- kilovolt киловольт (кв)- kilowatt киловатт (квт)- pound(s) ( от лат. libra) фунт- leak detector течеискатель- lower dead center нижняя мертвая точка- liquid жидкость, жидкий i- liter литр (л) {- Lloyd’s Machinery Certificate свидетельствооб исправлености механизмов, выданное регистром Ллойда . j
- low pressure низкое давление- low pressure boiler паровой котел низкоро давления
- low tension низкое напряжение - 1) lubricate смазывать
2) lubrication смазка- low voltage низкое напряжение- lap-welded сваренный внахлестку (внакрой)- milliampere миллиампер (ма)- maritime морской- maximum continuous rating максимальная
длительная мощность- 1) main engine главный двигатель
2) marine engineer судовой инженер-механик3) mechanical engineer инженер-механик
- mean effective horse power средняя эффективная мощность
- mean effective pressure среднее эффективное давление
- 1) main generator главный генератор 2) milligram миллиграм (мг)
j- marine growth preventing system система i защиты от обрастания
v j- manhole горловина » 1) minimum минимум
2) minute минута (мин)•; - mean indicated pressure среднее индикаторное
давление- miscellane^s разный, смешанный- mixture смесь- more/less более или менее- millimeter миллиметр (мм)- magnetomotive force магнитодвижущая сила- 1) medium pressure среднее движение
2) melting point точка плавления- maximum permissible concentration предельно
допустимая концентрация
150
m p s .к
- maintenance and repair ship плавучая мастерская
MTBF mean time before failures средняя наработка между отказами (механизма)
MTP - mean tip clearance средний зазор между внешней кромкой гребного винта и корпусом
MTTR - mean time to repair средний межремонтный cdok работы (механизма)
M.W - molecular weight молекулярный весNET , - not earlierl tjian не ранееNHP;nhp t - nominal horsepower номинальная мощностьN1S - not in stock* нет в наличии
- not in line qf duty не при исполнении служебных обязанностей
- number ч!юло, номер
NLD
NoNT - nontight негерметичныйNTD - nontight door проницаемая (негерметичная)
дверьntfy - notify уведомлятьNTP - normal temperature and pressure нормальные
температура и давлениеNWT - nonwatertight водопроницаемыйOAD - overall dimensions габаритные размерыOB - 1) on board на борту
2) outboard забортный, наружный *3) outer bottom наружное днище
ОС - order cancelled заказ аннулированO.D,ODia,o.d. - outside diameter наружный диаметрOF - oil fuel жидкое топливоOFT - oil fuel tank топливная цистернаOR - 1) on request по требованию
2) overload relay реле перегрузкиОТ Bhd - oiltight bulkhead нефтепроницаемая
ovhlпереборка
- overhaul ремонт; переборка (механизма)oz * - ounce унцияP - page страницаpar(a) - paragraph параграф, статьяPC - 1) percent процент
2) pitch circle начальная (длительная) окружность (зубчатого колеса)
3) propulsive coefficient пропульсивный коэффициент
ph - phase фазаPHP - 1) propeller horsepower мощность на гребном
винте2) pump horsepower мощность насоса
Pltg - plating обшивкаPMP - preventive maintenance program программа'
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по профилактическому ремонту а;удй'а ppm - parts per million частей на миллион I ^ppt г - prompt срочный Г . ‘pr - price ценаp.s.i.a - pounds per square inch absolute абсолютное
давление в футах на квадратный дюйм p.s.i.g - pounds per square inch gauge манометрическое
давление в фунтах на квадратный дюьм pt - pint пинтаPVC - polyvinylchloride поливинилхлорид I .pwr - power мощ ность *rcvd - received получено •hRD - running days последовательны е днй’red - reducer переходная муфта, редуктор ,Red - Redwood условие вязкости в секундак по
Редвудуrev/min - revolutions per minute оборотов в минуту[revs per min],RPM;rpm
r.p.s.,rps - revolutions per second число оборотов всекунду
RFO - refueling oiler танкер заправщикRFW - reserve feed water резервная питательная водаRH - right-hand правый, правого вращения-,
с правой нарезкой riv - rivet заклепкаRud - rudder рульSA - subject to approval при условии одобрения2SCDA - two-stroke cycle double acting двухтактный
двойного действия Sec - 1) second секунда
2) section сечениеSEP - Safety and Environment Protection ОБОС
обеспечение безопасности и охраны окружающей среды
sepr - separator сепараторsettl - settling отстойныйSFC - specific fuel consumption удельный расход
топливаsft - shaft валSGSg - 1) specific ^ivity удельный вес
2) steam generator парогенератор, паровой котел
Sgd - signed подписаноSHP.shp - shaft horsepower мощ ность на валу;
эффективная мощность Sht S - sheet steel листовая стальSIGMA - shielded inert-gas metal-arc (welding) дуговая
сварка металлическим (плавящимся) электродом«
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в среде инертнопугазаГ Spd - special delivery срочная доставкаSp qp - specific gravity удельный весSp ht - specific heat удельнак теплоемкостьSp г - specific resistance удельное сопротивлениеSp Vol - specific volume удельный объемsq - square квадрат, квадратныйSRF - ship repair facitity судоремонтная мастерская,
судоремонтный завод j SS - superheat steam перепетый napSSU,s.s.u. - seconds Saybolt universal условная вязкость
в секундах по Сейбр1пу STA - shaft tunnel alley коридор гребного валаst by - standby резервный, запасной; аварийныйstd - standard стандарт, э4алон; стандартныйSTS - special treatment steel сталь специальной
обработкиSV - 1) safety valve предохранительный клапан
2) sluice valve а) клинкет б)проходной клапан3) stop valve стопорный клапан
Swbd - switchboard распределительный щитSWL - safe working load допустимая рабочая
нагрузкаТ - thrust упор (гребного вала)t - 1) temperature температура
2) время; период; срок ТВ - thrust block упорный подшипникТВО - time between overhaul межремонтный срок
двигателяTCG - transverse center of gravity ордината центра
тяжестиTDC - top dead center верхняя мертвая точкаTech _ technical техническийtemp _ temperature температураtherm - thermometer термометрthk -thickness толщинаthp - thrust horsepower тяговая мощностьtk _ tank танк, цистернаtn _ ton тонна (т) itol _ tolerance допускTUCO - turbo-c^ipressor турбокомпрессорUll - ullage незаполненная часть объема
(цистерны)UMS - unattended machinery space безвахтенное
машинное отделениеUTS _ ultimate tensile strength предел прочности на
растяжениеVC _ variable capacitor конденсатор переменной
емкости
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Vel,vel - velocity скоростьvent, - ventilation вентиляцияvis., vise. - viscosity вязкостьviz - лат. videlicet, namely а именноVol., vol - volume объемVP - variable pitch регулируемый шаг; изменяемый
шаг гребного винтаvm - voltmeter вольтметр iWC - 1) water closet гальюн ( f
2) water-cooled с водяным охлаждениемWG - water gauge водоуказательный прибору
водяной манометр; водомерное стеклоWP - 1) waterproof водонепроницаемый '
2) working pressure рабочее давление {wppm - weight parts per million весовых частей на
миллионwt. - watt ваттWT - water tank водяная цистернаwt - weight весWTB - 1) watertight bulkhead водонепроницаемая
переборка2) water-tube boiler водотрубный котел
WTD - watertight door водонепроницаемая дверьYd. yd -yard ярдYr,yr -year год
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