1

ESSAY WRITING: CITATION II In-text citation

Topic: Essay writing: Citation II - Open Educational Resources (OER)Audience: English language learnersPublished by: G&R Languages – November, 2013 Photos: courtesy of RZP and ClipArt

Images: courtesy of ClipArt

Paraphrasing?

In-text

Citation?

Quoting?

2

ESSAY WRITING: In-text citation

Definiti

onIn-text m

ention of the sources

Direct quote orParaphrasing?

3

ESSAY WRITING: In-text citation

Purpose

Ensu

re ac

adem

ic int

egrit

y

Attrib

ute c

redit

to so

urce

s

Refe

r rea

der t

o sou

rces

4

ESSAY WRITING: CITATION II quoting and paraphrasing

Quoting?

“when you know

better, you do

better”

(Angelou p. xx).

Paraphrasing?

Deeper knowledge leads

to better performance as

depicted by Angelou in …

5

ESSAY WRITING: CITATION II quoting and paraphrasing

Paraphrase?

In-text

Citation?Quote?“when you know better,

you do better”

(Angelou, year, p. xx).

Paraphrase?

Deeper knowledge leads

to better performance as

depicted by Angelou in …

Smith 3

Direct quote?

6

ESSAY WRITING: CITATION II

Goodwin & Hubbell (2013)

outline how teachers can

use the “three-essential

imperatives” for optimum

Learning (p. xxx).

Sample of page number at the end

Sample APA

reference

:

Goodwin, B., &

Hubbell, E. R

. (2013). T

he 12 Touch

stones o

f Good Te

aching: A

Check

list fo

r Stayin

g Focu

sed Ev

ery Day.

Alexandria

, VA: A

SCD

(Last

name, year, p

age number)

Option: all i

nformati

on at th

e end

Form

APA?

MLA?

MLA = Modern Language AssociationAPA = American Psychological Association

7

ESSAY WRITING: In-text citation

How to start

Choose th

e styl

e

MLA

? APA

? Oth

er?

Select passages fromYour readings

Decide whether to Quote or paraphrase

8

ESSAY WRITING: In-text citation

How to proceed

Please note: these are not actual titles of publicationMLA Zuba, Rita. English Grammar: Online Resources for EAL students. São Paulo: ABC Books, 2011. APA Zuba, R. (2011) . English Grammar: Online Resources for EAL students. São Paulo: ABC Books.

Source: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/614/03/

• Choose a style• Follow the guidelines

9

ESSAY WRITING: In-text citation

How it will

look

Please note: these are not actual titles of publicationMLA Zuba, Rita. English Grammar: Online Resources for EAL students. São Paulo: ABC Books, 2011. APA Zuba, R. (2011) . English Grammar: Online Resources for EAL students. São Paulo: ABC Books.

Source: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/614/03/

MLAZuba argued that “there is nolearning without effort” (123).

APAAs we have often heard, “there is no learning without effort”(Zuba, 2011, p. 123).

10

ESSAY WRITING: CITATION II In-text citation

In-text

Citation?

…..and she said “when

you know better, you do

better” (Angelou, year,

p. xx). This is a statement

I often thought about

during my early

school days in a tiny ….

Smith 3

APA?MLA?

Topic: Essay writing: Citation II - Open Educational Resources (OER)Audience: English language learnersPublished by: G&R Languages – November, 2013

Photos: courtesy of RZP and ClipArtImages: courtesy of ClipArt

Thank you!