escience, education and knowledge management
Post on 21-Oct-2014
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What Knowledge Management can learn from eScience & EducationTRANSCRIPT
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What Knowledge Managementcan learn from
eScience & EducationKnowledge and the management of knowledge
Dr. L.A. Plugge
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Competing and Collaborating for the Future
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You have added much several ways.If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants.
Written by Isaac Newton in a letter to Robert Hooke, 5 feb. 1676
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Topics
• SURF as facilitator and innovator for education and research
• What is knowledge?
• What is Knowledge Management (not)?
• Academic knowledge strategy
• How ICT changes research and education
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SURF
SURF is the higher education and research partnership organization for network services and information and communication technology (ICT).
SURF participants:
14 universities45 universities for professional education5 research institutions
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SURF – innovation & services
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Scientific Technical Council (WTR)
• Independent Council of SURF
• 12 Council members (max)
• Appointed on personal merits
• Term 3 years (extension possible)
• Provides advice for SURF and its member
institutions, either on request or on its own
initiativewww.surf.nl/wtr
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Innovation Method (1)
• Provide vision in 4-year Strategic Plan(Scientific Technical Council)
• Commitment of the institutions for HE.Membership fees
• Execute the Strategic Plan, Based on Policy Considerations of the Government
• Monitor and assess progress of innovation projects(Project Monitoring Committee)
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Innovation Method (2)
Technological
scouting
2 3 4 51
Services
develop-ment
Assessment
studies
Production
Marketing
Fasingout
Technologicaldevelopment
Clientneeds
Plan for TA Business case Business plan
Marketing plan PlanFasing out
service
Plantermination
service
Feedback
Life cycle phases
External Developments
InventoryClient needs
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Areas of competition and collaboration
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Edwards & PeppardCranfield School of Management
Common industry processes
Essential and unique to the organization type
Processes to outperform the
competition
Provide futureRequired competences
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Strategic Plans of SURF since 1986
1986-1990 To a common network: SURFnet 1 - 9.6 Kbit/sec
1991-1994 Communication services, Software Licences
1995-1998 Innovation of administrative systems in institutions
1999-2002 Innovation in Education
2003-2006 Cooperation between institutions in administrative systems
2007-2010 Services Oriented Approach
2011-2014 (Cloud) infrastructure and services for education & research
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Topics
• SURF as facilitator and innovator for education and research
• What is knowledge?
• What is Knowledge Management (not)?
• Academic knowledge strategy
• How ICT changes research and education
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Mathieu Weggeman12
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In other words:
Knowledge is constructed and represented in our brain.
The question is
Can we represent knowledge
outside our brain?
Do documents contain knowledge?
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Paper Disk
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Goal of knowledge representation
• Securing knowledge, outside humans
• Making it available to others
• Making knowledge less scarce
• Automate the creation of new knowledge
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Artificial Intelligenceand
knowledge representation
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Knowledge representation in rule based expert systems
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Facts
RulesInferenceEngine
UserInterface
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Searle’s Chinese room
Part 3 Part 421
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The Paris Hilton Problem
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IBM’s Watson The Match Day 1
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Some limitations ofknowledge systems
• Knowledge is represented in symbols
• Procedurele knowledge is represented in rules
• Conceptual knowledge is represented data
• “Brittleness”
• “Halting” problem
• “Grounding” problem
• How to define the knowledge boundaries?
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Knowledge representation in Neural Networks
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Current ‘knowledge representation’ still lacks:
• (deep) Understanding
• Creativity
• Intuition
• Fascination
• Ingenuity / originality
• Creativity
• …
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Explicit and Implicit knowledge
• Explicit knowledge
−Can be coded−Transferable−Copyable
• Implicit knowledge
−Transferable, in principle…
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Implicit knowledge:Students versus Expertsdiagnosing patients
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6
0
8 97
33
chaoticagressive
depressive
14
13 72
chaoticagressive
depressive
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Explicit - Implicit• Implicit knowledge is just as important as explicit
knowledge
• Transfer of implicit knowledge takes time and physical presence
Examples from learning:− to drive a car− to play a music instrument− how to perform open heart surgery− Bread baking machine…
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Topics
• SURF as facilitator and innovator for education and research
• What is knowledge?
• What is Knowledge Management (not)?
• Academic knowledge strategy
• How ICT changes research and education
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Knowledge managementis creating opportunitiesthrough strategies and practicesfor Knowledge Creationand Knowledge Transfer
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Nonaka’s & Takeuchi’s Theory on Knowledge Creation, 1995
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Knowledge exchange = Communication
SoundText
VideoVideo & Sound
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What is the essence of
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Lascaux (13 000 v. C.)Library of Congress
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Knowledge management process
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Create Capture Organise Access Use
KnowledgeCreation
KnowledgeApplication
Knowledge Sharing
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Topics
• SURF as facilitator and innovator for education and research
• What is knowledge?
• What is Knowledge Management (not)?
• Academic knowledge strategy
• How ICT changes research and education
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Academia and knowledgeAcademia
the community of students and scholars
engaged in higher education and research;
the cultural accumulation of knowledge,
its development and transmission.
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Tony Hey, Stewart Tansley, and Krist in Tolle, The fourth paradigm, 2009
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Mathieu Weggeman39
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Academic knowledge transfer (1)
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HypothesisMethodResults
Conclusions submitpublisher
revise
Scientificworld
Research group / Individual Reviewers
producejudge
publish
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Lineair view of scholarly communication
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Tony Hey, Stewart Tansley, and Krist in Tolle, The fourth paradigm, 2009
Back to the e-Science Paradigm
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Topics
• SURF as facilitator and innovator for education and research
• What is knowledge?
• What is Knowledge Management (not)?
• Academic knowledge strategy
• How ICT changes research and education
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X-informatics & computational Xdata intensive science
25-50% of the experimental budgets are for SOFTWARE
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What is e-Science about?
e-Science is not a new scientific discipline but a new method of knowledge development and exchange
e-Science is a the set of tools and technologies required to support collaborative, networked science.
e-Science is about the multidisciplinary analysis of data
e-Science is infrastructure to empower scientists to do their research in faster, better and different ways
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eScience is facilitated by merging technologies
GT: grid technologyOGSA: open grid services architectureWSDL: web service definition languageWSDM: web services distribution management
Bob Hertzberger
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Technology facilitates a knowledge driven research infrastructure
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The network
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Netherlands e-Science Center
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Providing the opportunity to share and reuse
Bob Hertzberger 51
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Sharing, using and contributing to infrastructure
Bob Hertzberger
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Development of new technologyM
atu
rity
Hans Dijkman
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Effects of GigaPort NG Network innovation
Generic ICT-application
services
ICT-applications
Research Pilots Market
Networkinfrastructure GigaPort Next Generation
Network ProjectEffects telecommarket
Effe
cts
on
res
ea
rch
Inn
ova
tion
effe
cts
Primairy effects GigaPort
Secundairy effects GigaPort
Appliedinnovation
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Effects on consumer IT:the industrialization of IT
Ground floor: 56 containersOne container: 1800 to 2500 servers>100.000 servers
Microsoft Data Center Chicago
Google Data Center Eemshaven
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Levels of IT services
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f.e. 1423 Repositories worldwide holding over >20.9 Million items
Repository66.org Repository Maps
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…and an increasing number of Services…
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… provided by suppliers in the cloud.
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The Internet has become a nervous system connecting and augmenting our brains…
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Scientific & Educational methods can help Knowledge Management to create opportunities to use and expand our knowledge.