_.lc- qqo_.-o iFVU R

pracnce .

metErrZuhein1970atClarkUniversitywherehewasadoctoralstudentingeography.I servedasoutsidememberofErv'sdissertatiemcommittee.I wasimmediatelykn-Ervin Zube _ byhisbreadthofknowledgeandbywhetaquickstudyhewas.Hehadpickedup

and Landscape a msteryoftherationaleof psychomebic_me___._eatandhowit mightapplyto observ-erjudgmentsof landscapescenesaswellasphysicalva_ltinnsinlandscapesetUng_HeArchitecture thesemethodsin hisdissedationresearchandsubsequentclassicanalysesof

_, therelatioashipsbetweenjudgmeMsof scenicatlracUvenessandphysicalpropedies• _ BY PAUL H. GOBSTER, ASLA [e_, presenceof water,lengthof view)acrossseUingsintbeConnecUcMRiverVaby.in

_ remainunrivalled

-o,__. _ s he grew in his knowledge about --KENNETH H. CRAIKm N" _ the landscape through his in- managedtocombineempirical_and _ policy environmentalpsydoologist,-o o_ _ .lk. volvement in it as a person, stu- mal_nq_andpracUce,planningof futureenvkonments,and University of California,

_ dent, practitioner, teacher, program aseaseofhislmyregardingpastem_ Berkeley_ director, and researcher, Ervin Zube's ideas

•_ about what landscape architecture is and

.E O A "-,_ ":'"-,_" /// " ' " Zullm'S articlesfor/AM i_h_led a_ should be continually evolved. He was a 7/__• prolific writer whose publications span a _ " ._._ _i_ , _ ___ piece in January 1966 on Wisconsin's

oN _ broad range of audiences, and his contri- -_-'_--_ __ taconiteminingareas, where Zube pro-o butions to Landscape Architecture are in- _;q posed that open-pit mines (A) be trans-

"o

---,-J the growth of a scholar over a period of as (B). zube thought that new iandfom_nm "° four decades, but also because in them .... . couldbe designed based on the n_ed-

_- _ Zube speaks directly to fellow landscape als from which they aremade,as shown

architects about the need and possibilities - in "landformresources,"below.Allthe

o c6 of growing the profession through the _.____. ,.. - - _ .., sketches are Zube's own.o_ generation of its own knowledge base. --:-- __

This joint evolution of scholar and prods ..... _ .....

sion can be traced through the pages of ___/77.__ ,_.LAM and related publications.

Studying landscape architecture at theUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison (1949-1954) and at the Harvard Graduate School O/IRA.buatc_ OAAof Design (1957-1959), and later in land-

__.,,_::-i,", "'... " . " ";"-i,.

scape architectural practice and teach-ing at Madison (1961-1964), Berkeley,California (1964--1965), and Amherst,

cy, .... Massachusetts (1965-1972), Zube;FASIA, learned about and contributed to the -_

; profession during a critical period.

I_ " Through the work of Ian McHarg,• " Philip Lewis, Burton Litton, Julius g

Landscape Architecture I 62 AUGUST 2002

iract.ce • south shore region, and through sketches

and analysis called for "the creation of anew _r,_ _ imlmrlad _ todynamic landscape" that relates to the form h_lm am_ was i_R.

Fabos, and others, landscape architecture and scale of the region. In "'Scenery as a |mii_gmM!_U_ro_of re-was growing from a focus on the artful Natural Resource" (LAM, January 1973),arrangement of form in small-scale design he described his efforts in the North At-and master planning to encompass a wide lantic Regional Water Resources Study to --MARKrange of concerns about large-scale regions, map the visual and cultural resources of aZube placed himself in the heart of this 167,000-square-mile region using land-change. In "A New Technology for form and land use data. Both articles show

Taconite Badlands," his first article for how Zube's concern as a landscape archi- :-LAM (June 1966), Zube explored the tect with form and aesthetics is translatedprospects of open pit mining operations to large-scale regions and issues. They alsoplanned for Wisconsin's Lake Superior reveal Zube's emerging concern for the pol- B. Jackson had taught him that land-

icy aspects of landscape architecture, calling scapes are defined as much perceptuallyfor the adoption of systematic planning and and culturally as they are physically. To ad-design procedures to ensure scenic resource dress this, he made the unconventional ca-protection alongside more traditionally reer move as professor and head of theconsidered landscape values. Department of Landscape Architecture

While his work was helping to advance and Regional Planning at the Universitythe profession, Zube saw a key element of Massachusetts to return to school andmissing that limited his scholarship: the pursue a PhD in geography at Clark Uni-study of people. His research to date had versity (1970-1972). There he studied en-cast Zube in the traditional role of land- vironmental psychology, examining howscape-architect-as-expert who identifies people perceive the aesthetic quality ofand evaltLatesaesthetic value in the land- landscapes, what aspects of landscapes arescape. But his life experience--aided in linked with beauty and related values, andpart by his association at Berkeley with J. how perceptions differ across individuals

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CIRCLE354 ON READERSERVICECARD

Landscapc'Architecture [ 64 [ AUGUST 2002

and groups. These issues were taken up in"Rating Everyday Landscapes of the irvwassomeonewhocould_imi_oicalee_e_Y_lba_Me_ofpeople.HetBdnolLNortheastern U.S." (July 1973), a summa- _ boutan _ and

ry of his dissertation research that one of his peopleand_ _ Ira-committee members, environmental psy-chologist Kenneth Craik, still finds "unri-valled in scope and scientific soundness."

Following his PhD work, Zube direct-ed a series of interdisciplinary projects atthe Institute for Man and Environment at

UMass (1972-1977) and the School ofRenewable Natural Resources at the Uni-

versity of Arizona (1977-1983) thatquickly established him as a leader in the

growing area of landscape perception as- ksessment. Through collaborative relation-ships with diverse students and colleagues,Zube explored the rich cross-fertilizationof ideas that resulted, producing a num-ber of acclaimed books and other publica-tions on landscape assessment, designevaluation, and environment-behavior search and Theory" (November 1980), that knowledge base as primarily some-

studies. But while seeing the benefits of Zube spoke critically to landscape archi- one else's responsibility...other disciplinesinterdisciplinary collaboration, as a land- tects on how the profession's lack of em- are not likely to address the how and whyscape architect Zube also lamented how phasis on research was hindering its questions that are most useful to the pro-the field was increasingly being built on growth compared to allied fields: "In my fession and the kinds of questions that ex-knowledge from other professions. In opinion, the profession has been seriously pand the boundaries of the profession"The Roots of Future Innovation: Re- remiss in...view[ing] the generation of rather than defend (Continued onPage 92)

CIRCLE 165 ON READER SERVICE CARD

AUGUST 2002 ] 65 i Landscape Architecture

MIRACOTE®mat®rimcreat e .c icDespite his flair for program manage-

ment and leadership, it was this passion

_P' H_ _ _ti_l) _Wttel_ _y l_lfl_telM for seeking endogenous knowledge thatled Zube to return to his personal research

_ _ _1_4[_T_ _ during the last part of his career as a pro-

_,_ _ _t_[l_l R_ __ _| fessor of landscape architecture in theSchool of Renewable Natural Resources

Miraeote offers: at Arizona (1983-1998). His influential

Micro-ToppingTexturedPatio synthesis of 20 years of landscape percep-Decks & Walkways tion research, done with James Sell and

MirastampTooled Jonathan Taylor and summarized inImpressionProfiles "Landscape Perception: Research, Appli-

Stains&Sealers-- Variegated cation and Theory" (January 1982), wonColorsand GoodTraction an ASLAhonor award for research, and for

ExteriororInteriorHardscape many in the field (myself included), it setApplicationsinWetEnvironments" the agenda for what next steps needed to

MembraneA Waterproofing be taken. As part of the evolution in theProtection field, Zube saw a need to move from de-

TrafficCoatings"--RoofDecks,Balconies,SunRoofs scriptive and quantitative appraisals of

scenic quality to deeper analyses about

__ Since1938 landscape values. In some ways this was a

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877-MIRACOTE return to the beginnings of his work with877-647-2268 J.B. Jackson in the 1960s, but one that

[i]TE was informed by the methodological rig-CIRCLE046ONREADERSERVICECARD or and experience of everything that he

had done since. In "A Cultivated Dislike

_ for the Egyptian Desert" (November/De-cember 1983), he examined the apparent

cultural apathy for the desert landscapeamong Egyptian natural scientists he wasconsulting with as a factor hindering theprotection of significant natural and cul-tural sites in that country. In "Arizona

Survey Reveals Anti-Development Atti-._ tude," written with Charles Law and Ed-

win Carpenter (November/December1984), the researchers found that alongwith substantial land use and population

/ TO CI_C_[C change in the state there had been a de-

_ai_A¢ n cided shift in residents' values away from6 u development and commodity production

ic$ _,O and toward non-commodity values suchas wildlife and recreation. And in his last

flUI_UrC Oi'lc_lf . . . feature article for LAM, "The Advance ofEcology" (March/April 1986), Zubesummarized the contributions of land-

scape architects who during the previous

' 'e' 15ovnLon15oLanical_ century worked to incorporate ecological•...}_ thinking into landscape architectural

Wholesale Ornamental Nur_ry practice.Looking at these later studies along

9r28187th Place S. • Boynton Beach, FL33437 with subsequent articles he wrote forASLA's LandscapelLand Use Planning

(%1) 737-1490 " (8(X)) 642-1033 * (%1) 738-9598 Fax newsletter, one sees demonstrated the

CIRCLE018 ON READERSERVICECARD

Landscape Architecture ] 92 I AUGUST 2002

breadth of knowledge Zube felt was SPIRIT SONGneeded to understand and deal with

problems in landscape architecture. USPotent#D443.7_,9There is still a primary concern for the designedbyartful arrangement ofphysical form, but Barbara and Robert Tiffanyit isaddressed through an informed base TIFFANY&TIFFANYDESIGNERS,INC.of knowledge in natural systems at re-gional as well as local scales, a sensitivi-ty to individual and cultural preferencesand values, an acquired sense of the re-gion and its inhabitants, an eye towardpublic policy implications, and the wis-dom and perspective of history. As thesethings helped to form Ervin Zube as ascholar, he in turn sought to incorporatethem into the landscape architecture

profession. Through his writings andinvolvement on councils and task forces,

Zube remained active through the years

in attempting to infuse research into

landscape architectural education and In leak and stainlesssteel.practice, and received numerous awards Straightand curved benches,and recognition from ASIA and from chairs, and occasional tablesthe Landscape Architecture Foundation in stock. Customsizesavailable.for his long-term contributions. In see-ing the profession grow to incorporate Fora catalogue or showroom nearest you, please contact:

the components of knowledge acquisi- D I AMO N D TEA Ktion and dissemination, one senses that Toll Free 877-874-TEAK • Fax 215-453-2196 • www.diamondteak.com

Zube took a measure of personal pride aRCLE031ONREADERSERVICECARDin those achievements. In "The Evolu-

tion of a Profession" (Landscapeand Ur-banPlanning, 1998), written nearly twodecades after his "Roots of Future Inno-

vation" critique and one of the last arti-cles he would publish, Zube wroteabout recent progress in landscape ar-chitecture: "The changes that have beendiscussed have been significant and arereflected in the increasing scale, com-plexity, and/or diversity of projects un-dertaken by landscape architects...Thereare currently examples of landscape ar-chitecture programs that have been in-volved in research for more than a

quarter century, and there now exist sig-nificant research and scholarly journalsthat address the needs of the profes-

sion .... This provides further confir-mation of land'scape architecture as a

profession and an applied art. Prospectsfor the future are very promising." I_

Paul H. Gobstw, ASLA, is a researchsocialscientistwith the USDAForestServiceNorth

Central ResearchStation in Chicago. ThecontributionsofJamesE Palme_,ASLA, and

Joseph P. Crystal, FASLA,to this articlearegratefully acknowledg_

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AUGUST 2002 I g3 I LandscapeArchftecture

FEATURES

Garden For a Dry Planet 66A playful landscape inspires water conservation. By Kim Sorvig

Rooted in Tradition 70The ruins of afarm in southern Georgia are restored to preserve a piece of Depression-era

history and the origins of apresident. By Heather Hammatt, ASIA

Floral Style on Magnificent Mile 82Colorful plantings enliven Chicago's downtown.

By Cathy Jean Maloney and Mark Hinshaw

RON SCHRAMM

Landscape Architecture I 2 I AUGUST 2002

DEPARTMENTS

LAND MATTERS • 7 TECHNOLOGY o 52

LETTERS• 9 Digital Town HallsIRIPRAP • 16 Publicparticipationin cyberspace.By James L. Sil_s, ASIAA slightlyirregularlook at the new and noteworthy.

PRACTICE • 58Edited by Heather Hammatt, ASIA

A Beautiful MindON THE BOARDS • 22

Art on a greencarpet:A sculpturepark to unfold Reflectionson the legacyof Erv Zube, "thefather of landscapearchitectureresearch."

on theSeattle waterfront. By Clair EnlowPLANTS • 24 By Julius Gy. Fabos, FASLA, and Paul H. Gobster, ASIA

How Life Was S.AREDW,SDO. • 8aPlanting memories at the Elias-Rodriguezhouse: Ripple EffectImagesof a Mexican-Ameffcancommunity's lushpast. A landscapearchitectturned restorationistcritiques thefield.By Joseph E. Ewan and Rebecca Fish Ewan By Lisa Owens-Viani

DETAILS • 30 BOOKS • 90

Exposing Stormwater PRODUCT PROFILES • 98

Using creativity, art, and science to increase human awareness B U Y E R ' S G u I D E I N D E X • 10 0

andenvironmentalquality. By StaITton Jones DISPLAY AD INDEX • 121

DESIGN • 34 CRITIC AT LARGE • 124

Constructing Memory from Within La Villette After Twenty YearsShock wavesfrom a tragicevent in Montrdal history shape Criticspronouncedit the hottest thing in park design. Today,the landscapeof remembrance. By Heather Hamma_, ASIA Parisiansarevoting "Non" with theirfeet. By Mark HinshawECOLOGY • 40

Green Specs _'_'_Evaluating the environmental impactsof building materials _ _:

and products. By Meg Calkins, ASIA _,_ _7_

PLANNING * 46. o

New Birth for Gettysburg _A mbitl_)usoverhaulmovesforward at natzi)n's remier _Phattlefzeldpark. By Chris Fordney ?{]_'{_:i_; =o

Landscape Architecture ] 4 AUGUST 2002

i