Erosion & Deposition

Mr. SkirbstLife Science

Topic 21

Erosion

Movement of particlesfrom place to place

Deposition

Settling of particlesin a new place

5 Agents of Erosion

5 Agents of Erosion1. Gravity

5 Agents of Erosion1. Gravity2. Wind

5 Agents of Erosion1. Gravity2. Wind3. Water (running on surface)

5 Agents of Erosion1. Gravity2. Wind3. Water4. Ice

5 Agents of Erosion1. Gravity2. Wind3. Water4. Ice5. Waves

Other Agents of Erosion

Biological activityExtraterrestrial Material

1 - Gravity

1 - GravityMass wasting – downhill

movement of sediments

1 - GravityMass wasting – downhill

movement of sedimentsExamples:1- landslides2- mudslides3- avalanche

2 - Wind Erosion (Aeolian)Deflation – movement of loose

material (clay, silt, sand)- small particles carried farther that larger

2 - Wind Erosion (Aeolian)Abrasion – wearing away and

“blasting” of exposed rock

2 - Wind DepositionDunes – mound of sand

deposited by wind

2 - Wind DepositionLoess – fine sand and silt

deposited in layers far from place of origin

3 - Running Water3 Forms of erosion1. Runoff – flow of water over

the land surface

3 - Running Water1. RunoffFactors affecting runoff:

3 - Running Water1. RunoffFactors affecting runoff:a. – rainfall amount

3 - Running Water1. RunoffFactors affecting runoff:a. – rainfall amountb. – shape / slope of land

3 - Running Water1. RunoffFactors affecting runoff:a. – rainfall amountb. – shape / slope of landc. – plant growth & density

3 - Running Water1. RunoffFormations from runoff:

3 - Running Water1. RunoffFormations from runoff:a. – rills: tiny grooves in ground

3 - Running Water1. RunoffFormations from runoff:a. – rills: tiny grooves in groundb. – gullies: wide, deep rills

3 - Running Water2. Streams – flow of water

through a small valley (deep gully)

3 - Running Water2. Streams – flow of water

through a small valley (deep gully)- formed from gullies joining

3 - Running Water2. Streams – flow of water

through a small valley (deep gully)- formed from gullies joining

Streamload – particles carried by stream water

3 - Running Water3. Rivers– flow of water

through a valley formed by streams joining together

3 - Running Water3. Rivers– flow of water

through a valley formed by streams joining togetherTributaries – rivers that flow into a major river

3 - Running Water3. Rivers– flow of water

through a valley formed by streams joining togetherTributaries – rivers that flow into a major riverWatershed – entire area drained by a single river

4 – Ice Glaciers –

Valley glaciers in mountain regions carve out mountains

4 – Ice Glaciers –

Valley glaciers in mountain regions carve out mountainsContinental glaciers during ice ages created a erosional and depositional features

5 – WavesOceans – result in coastal

erosion due to long-shore drift, waves, and storms