DOC RESUME

ED 283 729 SO 017 841

TIMME Preparation for me Commemoration: First Full Year'sReport of the Commission on the Bi centennial of theUnited States Comstitution,

INSTITUTION Commission on thm Bicentennial of the United StatesConstitution, Waw-hington, DC.

PUB DATE Sep .86HOWE 26p.PUES TYPE Reports - GeneraL (140)EDEtS PRICE MFO1/PCO2 Plus Pcpstage.DESCRIPTORS American Studiesr-- CivicsvCivil Li berties; Civil

Rights; *ConStitmtional History; *-=Constitutional Law;*Governmental St=ucture; *Governme-=rat Role;Instructional 1.1aeria1s; Justice; Political Science;Resource MateriaLs; Social.Studies -z; United StatesGovernment (Coure); United States History

IBMNTIFIERS *Bicemtonnial; sited States Cons ':titutionABSTRACT

During the first year of its three---year existence,the Bicentennial Commission begara to fulfill its invission, as definedby its chairman, to provide "a hi. story and civics lesson for all ofus- " The Commission has decided o focus primarily- on the educationalpotentialities of commemoration mrad to foster a fi rrn understandingand appreciation of America's comstitutional heritage and pricelessfreedoms. The Commission is cospio.nsoring two natio.7-mal writingcompetitions for high school and law school studen ts, and hasestablished an Educational Progrmins Registry to pr- ovide a shortsummary of Constitutionrelated perograms. The Nati- onal Archives hasdeeloped a supplemental teachincm unit for seconda ry school studentswhich contains 40 documents from the National Arch _Ives collection toaid in the educational effort of the Commission. I=x1 its role ofencouraging and coordinating actLxrities, the Costa- ssion has workedth=ough private and public entiti_ es to reach out t-o U.S. citizens tocreate greater understanding of Ile accomplishment z of the Founders,the nat-ire of the system of govenance they establ ished, and therights -and responsibilities of CI_ tizenship. (SM)

* **** *fest*** 1vc* *** itoc******* Reproductions supplied by rims are the best tThat can be made *

f rom the original document. ****-*********** * ************--********************************** **

PRE --'ARA717101\T

FXDR _ACO MENECRArTI011\I

U. DEPARLMENT IMOMCAIIONOtf ice of Educations! Roswell isnd ImatosestEDUCATIONAL IIIESOUNCE INForamoN

CENTER lellII=CYis document has batsrt reoroadd am

received mon the peroon Q orgedlonornating IL0 Mmor changes Nue 04411 one-made MONO

reEroduCtion quality,

P0inIS 01 view of Oortionestred in IMdOUment do 00 necessarily rCOflO0nI eltostOEFII ooeition or policy,

-pEpoilmiasic:10115PPIOtDUCE TEMMA-MX:MAL HAS BEEN GIANTED Es,

To TkirEizE EQUATIONAL RWESOURCEB

INFORA-MATICNCENTESFUCV

FIRST FULL YEAR S TZEPOT

OF THE COMMISSICDNON ME BICENTENJNIAL CDT 11-1EUNITED STATES CLDNSTITIUTICDN

PREPARATION

FOR ACO MEMCRATION

FIRcT FULL YEMS 1R=EPORT

OF THE C(31VINHISSIONON THE BICENTENNAL wOF THEUNITED STATES CONSTIETUTION

S-e,ternber 1986

CHANMER5 OFTHE CHIEF JUSTICE

ern, (court of tivAtiteb Atattsaokingtom, zilpkg

September 17, 1986

My dear Mr. President,

have the honor to present to you the Second Report of theCommission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution,as called for under section 6(e) of Public Law 98-101 whichcreated the Commission.

This report covers the first full year of Commissionactivity. The members of the Commission were sworn in duringJuly 1985, and the work of developing a staff began at once. Thefirst Commission report was presented September 17, 1985--twomonths later.

We initiated a number of programs and projects in that firstyear, and much more needs to be done.

Under Public Law 98-101 our major duties are to plan anddevelop appropriate activities to commemorate_the Bicentennial ofthe Constitution, encourage private organizations and state andlocal governments--and other governments--to organize andparticipate in Bicentennial activities, coordinate eventsthroughout the States, and serve_as a clearinghouse forcollection and dissemination of information about Bicentennialevents and plans. On all matters outside the United States, ofcourse, our activities are being coordinated with SecretaryShultz.

As the report reveals,_the Commission has helped to developa number of programs emphasizing educational aspects of thecommemoration. This effort is reaching primary and secondaryschools, colleges and law schools. The Commission has

tablished contact with hundreds of private organizations withlarge memberships. A majority, but not all, of the States andmany local communities have set up their own Bicentennialcommissions and programs. Participation by federal agencies andplans for creating international understanding of ourconstitutional principles are under way as well. A clearinghouseof computerized information is being set up and soon will be ableto provide details about events throughout the country.

4

From the outset we have recognized that this Commission'sfunction, which covers three years, is very different from theplanning for the 1976 celebration_and the Statute of Libertyunveiling. We must try to dramatize the great events leading upto the Philadelphia Convention, the difficult task of securingratification and,what all this has meant to secure freedom andopportunity for us now and for generations to come. Although theBill of Rights was not adopted until 1791, we are treating it aspart of the Constitution as, of course, it is. Essentially wehave defined our objectives as "a history and civics lesSon forall of us."

As we approach the Bicentennial date of the signing of thismost historic charter--September 17, 1987--our efforts willintensify, to reach every American and people in other countrieswith knowledge and appreciation of the precious libertiesguaranteed blvAmericais organic law. .We are finding that.as thestory of America's founding gets out it is generating excitementamong people from all walks of life.

Sincerely and respectfully,

Chairman of the Commissionon the Bicentennial of theUnited States Constitution

The PresidentThe White HouseWashington, D.C.

(Similar letters are being submitted to the Vice President,the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives, the Presidentpro tempore of the U.S. Senate, and the Judicial Conference ofthe United States.)

5ii.

CONTENTS

OF THE

FIRST FULL YEAR'S REPORT

OF THE

COMMISSION ON THE BICENTENNIAL

OF THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

Page

Letter of Transrnittal

Contents Page

Summary

Establishment and Scope

Activities and PlansPromotino Educational ProgramsFederal and International ProgramsState and Local ParticipationPrivate Sector InitiativesCommunications and Media CoveraoeProjects Clearinghouse and RecognitionSpeaking on the Constitution

1

2

5

771011121314is16Legislation and Regulation

Building a Staff

Funding

Membership Exhibit A

1

18

19

20

SUMMARY

The Commission's first full year has been atime of preparation for commemoration, ofbuilding the framework for celebrating theanniversary of the historic events surroundingthe drafting, signing and ratification of theUnited States Constitution, and theeestablishment of the first government underthat Constitution.

As the Commission pressed forward for itsprincipal commemorative date, the 200thanniversary of the signing of the Constitution--barely a year away--its efforts were given adramatic boost by the decision in June of theCommission's Chairman, Warren E. Burger, toretire as Chief Justice of the United States, todevote his full energies to Commissionoperations.

The Chief Justice has noted that the remainingtime during which to prepare is woefully shortas compared with that for the AmericanRevolution Bicentennial. That previouscommission was created ten years before theanniversary of the Declaration ofIndependence. The Commission on theBicentennial of the United StatesConstitution, in contrast, was appointed inmid-1985.

2

The Bicentennial Commission has met eighttimes Since then. It has begun in earnest tofulfill its mission as defined by its Chairman:to provide "a history and civics lesson for all ofus."

The Commission has determined to focusprimarily on the educational potentialitiesthat the commemoration affords and to fostera firm understanding and appreciation ofAmerica's constitutional heritage andpriceless freedoms. Unlike manycommemorations, this is not a "fireworks andparades" event, but one that spans threeyeari,

Commission ResourcesThe Commission staff has grown in the pastyear from one person in August 1985 to 78funded by appropriations and 18 from otheraoencies. Many of the staff members areeducators, historians, journalists and peoplefrom business.

In terms of financial resources, to dateCongress has appropriated approximately $13million to be available until termination of theCommission at the end of 1989; an additionalappropriation request of about the same

7

amount is now pending. In sharp contrast, thieveAmerican Revolution Bicentennial benefitedfrom more than $200 million in today's dollarin appropriated funds, apart from supportfrom the private sector and profit-makingprograms amounting to about an additional$50 million.

Although "economy" has been thewatchword in the conduct of Commissionaffairs, we have sought during the first year tc=>"promote and coordinate activities tocommemorate the Bicentennial of theConstitution," the purpose of the Comm issiork sas stated in the Act that created it. Prior to itsSeptember meeting, the Commission hadgranted Official Recognition to 30 projects,ranging from a specially created curriculum oeithe Constitution to an historical poster displar.,to an oratorical contest. Recognized also aresuch diverse projects as a National Park ServicBicentennial slide show, a symposium onfederalism and checks and balances, the U.S.Army's videotapes and pamphlets on the"soldier-statesmen" of our Founding era, andthe Association of Jesuit Colleges andUniversities' "Dialogue" program on theConstitution, to be held at member schools.The Commission has recognized "Miracle atPhiladelphia," an historical exhibit inIndependence National Historical Parkfeaturing ma or documentsrelating to theformation and adoption of the Constitution.It has also recognized "TheAmericanExperiment," a National Archives exhibitionprogram exploring the history of theConstitution.

Competitions and Other ProgramsThe Commission is the primary sponsor of anational writing competition for high schoolstudents, in cooperation with USATODAY/Gannett and the American BarAssociation, and an essay competition for lawstudents, in association with West PublishingCompany. It has issued letters ofencouragement to a num ber of organizationsplanning Bicentennial projects and has beguna computerized clearinghouse listingcommemorative activities being plannednationwide.

Contacts have been made with 74 federalgovernment departments and agencies tostimulate interest in adopting Bicentennialprojects. Some 60 agenci es representing 99percent of all federal personnel have made

plans for some kind of activity to celeMrate theConstitution's anniversallAcongres---zsionalinformation ServiCe ha5 ban establ islned tokeep Members of Congressind staff insx-iformedof Bicentennial events.

In the international area, the Corn rnisi onplans to work through fourgeographkica Icommittees to inform the peoples of c=thercountries about the histryand workil rigs ofour Constitution and to stimulate prom:Trams inother countries.

This is in accord with the Adcreating theCommission, which statesthat theConstitution "has set an enduring exacIrnp!e ofrepresentative deMocracyler the vvorI d...."

In 44 States and 76 conirnunIties Bicermtennialcommissions have been established_ Eln y theend of 1986, it is expectedlhat every tate willhave a commission and rnernorecommunities will have active commis=i ons,creating local avvarene5s ofthe cominl.gcommemoration. As of thisdateseverm-alStates have not created offical cornraisions,although letters went to every Goverr=or lastyear. We are pressing the'oon-orgarke i zed"States.congress mandated that thsCornmissM on"encourage private organiations, ani= Stateand local governments tca organize ancdparticipate in bicentennialedivitiescommemorating or exam inhig the dra f Ling,ratification, and history of the COnstitL_Itionand the specific features oflhe documks-ient."

In its role of encouraging agicoordi sainting,the Commission has workedthrough p,arivateand public entities to reacheut to Arn=ricansto help create greater understanding cz=f theaccomplishments of the Founders, the a natureof the system of governancethey estal=i I ished,and the rights and responsibilities ofcitizenship.

A sampling of private organisations'participation in the commemoration irancludesthe following:-The American Association el Retired P'oersonsis participating in a "livinglegacy" proect ofplanting gardens in commemoration of theConstitution.-The Aerospace Educationalfoundatioin hasmailed press kits of E3iceritennIal inforrationto its 300 chapters.-The American ManageMenlAssociati=m willdisplay a poster series at itstraioing ceriters.

8

-The Boy Scouts of America are conductingmany Bicentennial projects throughout theirorganization.-The Disabled American Veterans will conducta range of projects, including magazinearticles, essay contests, and preparedspeeches.-The AFL-CIO plans to distr!bute educationalpackets to its affiliates.-The National Chamber Foundation of the U.S.Chamber of Commerce is publishing a series ofessays examining economic rights under theConstitution.-The Federalist Foundation is reconstructing asailing vessel built in 1787.

Year's ActivitiesSpecific activities of the Commission duringthe past year include the following:-Ten Committees of Commission Memberswere organized to deal with variousCommission functions.-Divisions of the Commission staff were set upto deal with, among other things, the media,federal and international liaison, State andlocal governments, education and privateorganizations.-A logo and seal were selected.-Regulations were adopted on Commissionrecognition of Bicentennial projects andacceptance of contributions.-Contacts were made with hundreds oforganizations and with federal offices inwhich personnel have been assigned toprovide liaison with the Commission.-A calendar of historical events was printedand distributed.-Commemorative postage stamps wereapproved in conjunction with the U.S. PostalService_-A commemorative medals program was

arranged with the U.S. Capitol HistoricalSociety.-A charitable foundation, the Foundation for122e Commemoration of the United StatesConstitution, was established to attractprivate donations for the Commission's workand beyond the term of the Commission.-A newsletter is being published anddistributed.-A brochure was published describing howStates and communities can set up localBicentennial units,-A speakers' bureau was organized and manyspeeches were given.-The activities of the Commission werepublicized on national television and inpublications throughout the country.

Preparation for the commemoration,although hampered by limitations of moneyand time, is proceeding with dispatch.

Interest in the Bicentennial is beginning tobuild across the Nation. In this climate ofrising awareness of the commemoration, theCommission encourages and tracks hundredsof events, activities and plans that are under-way--from scholarly historical research tocelebrations of all kinds.

Scores of seminars and summer institutes willbe conducted, exhibits will be erected, playsperformed and music played that theCommission may only have indirectlystimulated, as the country awakens to therealization that the 200th anniversary iscoming.

The Commission can focus the American mindon the commemoration, and the country in allits diversity of interest will surely set themood.

ESTABLISHMENT AND SCOPE

In accordance with Section 6 (e) of Public Law98-101, the Commission on the Bicentennial ofthe United States Constitution submits thisSecond Report--the first full year's report--onits activities.

Report RequirementThe Act required that the Commission submitto the President, both Chambers of Congressand the Judicial Conference of the UnitedStates a "comprehensive report incorporatingspecific recommendations of the Commissionfor commemoration and coordination of theBicentennial and related activities." By thedue date of the First Report--September 29,1985--the Commission had been in operationfor less than two months, without anappropriation for any staff. Chief JusticeWarren E. Burger assigned five members ofthe Supreme Court staff to assist with theinitial staff work of the Commission. TheCommission therefore made only apreliminary report of the general frameworkof the Bicentennial commemoration, theformation of the Commission aria a statementof what the Commission hoped to do. Giventhe belated start and minimal financing, itwas obvious from the outset that the majorfunction of the Commission would be tostimulate others to develop programs, withemphasis on television, radio and newspapercoverage.

This publication is intended to inform thethree Branches of government of our activitiesin generating national awareness of thecoming commemoration.

Cornmission MembershipThe Commission consists of 23 members,appointed by the President, including fourrecommended by the Speaker of the House ofRepresentatives, four recommended by thePresident pro ternpore of the Senate and fourrecommended by the Chief Justice of theUnited States. The three remaining positionson the Commission are named in the Act: TheChief Justice or his designee; the President protempore or his designee, and the Speaker ofthe House or his designee. (See Exhibit A.)

The President designated the Chief Justice asChairman. The Vice President of the UnitedStates on July 30, 1985, swore in mostCommission ,oernbers.

Commission MeetingsThe Commission has met five times since itsFirst Report: November 24-25, 1985, inWashington, D. C.; February 2-3, 1986, in SanDiego, California; April 13-14 in Washington,D.C.; June 20-21 in Washington, D. C.; andSeptember 12-13 in Annapolis, Maryland. TheSeptember meeting was in part acommemoration of the historic meeting in1786 which helped to bring about the

10

Philadelphia Convention.

Peevious commission meetings were July 29-30, 1985, in Washington D.C.; August 22-23,1985, in Salt Lake City, Utah; and September17, 1985, in Washington D.C..

Before the September '86 meeting, theCommission had granted Official Recognitionto 30 Bicentennial projects and issued lettersof encouragement for nine other projects thathad not yet fully met the requirements forOfficial Recognition.

Three Phases of CommemorationThe commemoration of the Bicentennial ofthe Constitution is not a short-term event.The commsmoration spans three years, andthe emphasis must be on the events leadingup to the Philadelphia Convention, thestruggle for ratification and the fruits of thesehistoric events.

Each year of the Bicentennial period bearsdistinct significance for the Founding of theUnited States. We will press for acommemoration consisting of three phases,corresponding to the years from 1987 through1989. The activities and celebration shouldalso take into account America's developmentunder the Constitution.

The three phases will be:(1) 1987: "Framing the Constitution." The

year 1987 should be dedicated to the memoryof the Founders and the document theydrafted in Philadelphia. The commemorationsof 1986 and 1987 should focus on the eventsthat led up to the Philadelphia Conventionand the signing of the Constitution byConvention delegates on September 17, 1787.

The 1986-1987 phase of the "history and civicslesSon" should emphasize the politicalthought of the Founders; the influence of theWestern philosophical tradition and theAmerican experience with self governmentupon the Founders' lives and work; thereasons for calling the ConstitutionalConvention; the issues and debates within theConvention; and an analysis of the text of theConstitution itself.

6

(2) 1988: "Ratifying the Constitu ion: ThePeople Consent." In 1988, thecommemorations should center on the stateratification conventions. The ratification ofthe document by nine States put theConstitution into effect; 1988 will mark the200th anniversary of this ratification_ In 1988the focus should be on the public debate onthe proposed Constitution, such as TheFederalist Papers. We hope to have programsin every State.

The period of the Founding of theConstitution was one of the most dramatic inworld history; "the fate of an empire" hung inthe balance. The primary goal during thisphase of the celebration should be to fosteran understanding of the difficult struggles tosecure ratification in the face of powerfulopponents such as Patrick Henry in Virginiaand Governor Clinton in New York.

(3) 1989: "Estab!ishing a Government underthe Constitution." The year 1989 marks the200th anniversary of the establishment of theLegislative and Executive Branches, and theenactment of the Judiciary Act of 1789defining the Judicial Branch pursuant to theConstitution. The inauguration of GeorgeWashington in New York as the first Presidentof the United States will be appropriatelycelebrated. In 1989, programs should focusprimarily on the relationships among, and 200years of historical development of, the threeBranches of government under theConstitution. The celebration should includeall entities of the Federal Government andseek to foster an understanding of theirrelationship to the American people.

In 1789, the first Congress drafted proposedamendments to the Constitution that becameour Bill of Rights upon ratification in 1791.The commemoration in 1989 of Congress'ssubmission of those amendments to the Sta esfor ratification will prepare the way for acelebration of the Bicentennial of the Bill ofRights.

11

ACTMTIESAND PLANS

The activities and plans that are encouragedand coordinated by the BicentennialCommission fall into several categories. Theseinclude educational programs, federal andinternational activities, state and localparticipation, private sector initiatives,coverage by the news media, project trackingand recognition, and speakers bureauservices. These are described below.

PromotingEducationalProgramsAs one of its most important educationalproject% the Commission is cosponsoring twonational writing competitions.

The cosponsors for The National BicentennialWriting Competition for High School Studentsare USA TODAY/Gannett and the AmericanBar Association. The topic is: "TheConstitution: How Does the Separation ofPowers Help Make It Work?" State, District ofColumbia, and Overseas or Territory winnerswill receive $1,000 and an expenses-paidround-trip to Washington, D.C., where theywill meet with the President, the Chief Justice,leaders of Congress and members of theNational Commission. One National Vinner,

7

chosen from amolig the State, District, andTerritory Winners, will receive 510,000. Thedeadline for entries is April 15, 987. Lengthmay not exceed 1,500 words. Major costs ofthe contest and the prize money will comefrom USA TODAY /Gannett.

An essay contest for law school students isbeing sponsored by the Commission and theWest Publishing Company. The topic is:"Does the Allocation of Power Between theFederal and State Governments and Amongthe Three Branches of the FederalGovernment Contribute to the Preservation ofIndividual Liberty and the Functioning of ourGovernment?" The first prize will be $10,000,the second prize $2,500, and the third prize$1,000. At least fifty regional pri;:es will beawarded through the federal judicial circuits.Deadline for entries is April 15, 1987. Essaylength is 2,500 words. West Publishing Co.will cover the costs of the contest andcontribute the prize money. West has alsocommissioned a painting of the signing of theConstitution, copies of which will be given toevery high school in the country. Logistics ofdelivery are complex, and local BarAssociations will be requested to make aceremonial delivery of these copies early in1987.

Recognized ProjectsThe Commission has granted OfficialRecognition to 12 education projects; all havethe potential to reach large audiences:

12

An international conference on theBicentennial of the Constitution and the Billof flights, "Constitutional Government andthe Development of an EnlightenedCitizenry," was sponsored by the Center forCivic Education (CCE) of Calabasas, California.The conference was planned to provideEuropean leaders with a more profoundunderstanding of the relationships betweenour Constitution, the institutions ofgovernment it created, and the Americanpolitical system, and to show them someexemplary civic education programs in theUnited States.

The CCE has also developed a NationalBicentennial Competition, based on a six-week study unit on the Constitution and theBill of Rights, designed to complement and beintegrated into the curriculum requirementsof panicipating schools. A quiz competitionwill follow completion of the unit, with thewinning classes from each State competing inWashington, D.C., for the national title. Fullimplementation at the 11th grade level isscheduled for school year 1987-1988. Thefield-testing and developmental phase of thisprogram has been granted OfficialRecognition.

"The Blessings of Liberty," a 12-poster exhibitcreated by Project '87, of which theCommission's Chairman is HonoraryChairman, has been designed to portray basicevents, leaders, and ideas that contributed tothe framing of the Constitution. Althoughconceptualized for use as a complete set, theindividual posters have been designed so thateach may be used independently. Included oneach poster is a synopsis of a differentFounding theme. The synopses have beenwritten by scholars and explain the topics insimple terms. The poster project is intendedto serve as a catalyst for commemorativeactivities in schools, community centers,libraries, offices, and other public places, andwill be accompanied by a 'User's Guide" toassist with such activities.

Magna Carta in America is a nonprofitorganization created for the purpose ofsponsoring a touring exhibit of the 1215Lincoln Cathedral Exemplar of Magna CartaAccompanying this historic document ofWestern civilization will be two otherimportant documents--early drafts of theUnited States Constitution and the Bill of

8

Rights--as well as a collection of relevantartifacts, documents and paintings fromEngland and the United States. The initiatoryOregon showing has been officiallyrecognizeU by the Commission. An audio-visual program developed by the OregonCommittee for the Humanities and anillustrated commemorative handbook willcomplete the exhibition, entitled 'LibertyUnder the Law: Magna Carta to theConstitution." The objectives of the tour areto present the evolution of rights,responsibilities, and liberties from MagnaCarta to the Constitution; to foster anunderstanding of the principles embodied inthe U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights; and tocommemorate the Bicentennial of theConstitution.

Teaching by Documents"The Constitution: Evolution of aGovernment" is the title of a supplementalteaching unit for secondary school studentsprepared by the National Archives. One in aseries of seven teaching units, "TheConstitution" uses 40 documents from theNational Archives collection. The unitattempts to teach critical skills through theuse of primary documentary sources; it wasdeveloped by the National Archives inresponse to research indicating that primarysource teaching materials on the Constitutionare limited and that knowledge of theConstitution is inadequate among manystudents and teachers.

Each year the American Legion sponsors aNational High School Oratorical Contest inwhich contestants deliver a prepared orationon some provision of the Constitution,emphasizing the duties and obligations ofcitizenship. The oration must be original anddelivered in eight to 10 minutes. Contestantsalso must deliver an extemporaneousdiscourse of three to five minutes on aconstitutional provision. Competitions beginlocally and progress through regional andnational rounds. Winners of regional contestsreceive a minimum $1,000 scholarship, andthe national winner is awarded a $16,000scholarship.

A symposium sponsored by the University ofSouth Carolina School of Law, "The FederalCourts--The Next 100 Years," is scheduled tobe held in September 1986. Its purpose is togenerate ideas to enhance the effectiveness

13

and efficiency of the federal courts to enablethem better to fulfill the purposes of theConstitution.

The Federalist Society for Law and PublicPolicy Studies has developed a two-yearprogram of scholarly research and publiceducation designed to illuminateconstitutional protections of individualliberties and minority rights within ademocratic framework. The program seeks toexamine the history and development of twomain protections of individual liberty andminority rights under the Constitution. TheSociety's 1986 symposium has received OfficialRecognition from the Commission.

The University of Dallas has developed aproject entitled "Constitutionalism inAmerica," a three-year program comprisinglecture series, academic conferences, aspeakers' bureau and programs for teachers.The purpose of the project is to awakenreflections on what it means to live under awritten constitution.

MENTOR,_a law-related education projectcreating a partnership between law firms andNew York City Public Schools, has receivedOfficial Recognition for two segments of itsprogram: the Moot Court and theBicentennial Module. MENTOR providesstudents with an introduction to the legalprofession by such means as visits with lawyersin their offices, visits to federal and Statecourts, visits to high schools by the lawyers,and participation in such activities as a MootCourt.

Macalester College's Wallace Conference onthe Liberal Arts, entitled "The Constitution,Freedom of Expression and the Liberal Arts,"has been developed at the Minnesota collegein cooperation with the Commission. Theprimary purpose of the 1986 and 1987conferences is to develop broad, substantialinvolvement and understanding amongMacalester students, faculty and a large cross-section of Minnesotans in contemporary andhistorical questions concerning freedom ofexpression, the U.S. Constitution, and the roleof the liberal arts. All colleges in Minnesotawill participate. Chief Justice Burger willkeynote the.first conference in September1986.

The Commission has encourages anothereducational project, The Mini Page. In honor

of the Constitution's 200th anniversary, TheMini Page, a weekly educational feature forchildren appearing in more than 450newspapers across the Nation, is nowpublishing a monthly series, during the 1986-1987 Bicentennial period, on the creation ofthe Constitution. Since March 1986, The MiniPage has covered such topics as the MountVernon Conference of 1785, the Articles ofConfederation, life in Philadelphia in 1787,and the signers of the Constitution. Futureissues will include sketches of some of themost significant members of theConstitutional Convention and key historicalevents.

Education RegistryThe Commission has created an EducationalPrograms Registry. The Registry provides ashort summary of constitution-relatededucational programs including, but notlimited to, officially recognized projects,projects funded by the National Endowmentfor the HumanitieS, and other projects withwhich the Commission is involved. Individualsor organizations may call or write theCommission staff for information concerningdiverse educational Bicentennial programsbeing undertaken across the United States.

We hope that our efforts to keep in touchwith State and local activities and educationalinstitutions will lead to other programsindependent of the Commission. Forexample:

A seminar on Constitutional Adjudication,presented by the Federal Judicial Center forfederal judges in June 1986, explored currentproblems in the context of the historical rootsof the Constitution. The Center has published"The Writing and Ratification of the U.S.Constitution: A Bibliography" and, inaddition, an abbreviated version of thatbibliography for ready reference, prepared byRussell R. Wheeler of the Center. Bothpublications include a detailed chronology ofthe Founding period. Additional educationalprograms relative to the Bicentennial areplanned by the Center.

"We All Are a Part of lt," an historical musicaland supplementary teacher's guide, has beendeveloped under a grant from the NationalEndowment for the Humanities. The project isused to enhance elementary school students'understanding of our Nation's history.

A one-week, elementary-level teaching unitexamining the role of Maryland in theframing of the Constitution has beendeveloped by the Maryland BicentennialCommission.

And a concept for a "Constitutionalbookshelf" translated into foreign languagesand disseminated to foreign embassies anduniversities has been developed by theAmerican International Book DevelopmentCouncil.

Federaland InternationalPrograms

The Commission is encouraging federalagencies and departments to plan, organize,and execute Bicentennial activities. To helpfacilitate the sharing of ideas, plans andprojects, bi-monthly meetings are conductedfor representatives of 74 departments andagencies. The meetings consist of formalpresentations by departmentlagencypresenters, followe i by discussion and aquestion-and-answer period.

As follow-up to these meetings, theCommission staff conducts working sessionswith departmentiagency Bicentennialcommittees to help coordinate activities,determine needed assistance and reviewdeveloped material. Upon request,Commission members and staff also serve asspeakers and provide representation atfunctions for department/agency audiences.

To help federal departments and agenciesplan and execute their programs, theCommission maintains a computerized listingof federal programs, including a directory offederal department and agency contacts andan inventory of federal programs.

ActivitiesTo date 74 federal departments and agencieshave been contacted. Of these, 60 (employing99 percent of the 5.2 million federalpersonnel) have submitted detailed plans forcommemorating the Bicentennial.

Federal departments and agencies haveplanned to provide 48 programs directed atfederal employees, 22 programs directed at

10

the general public, and 18 programs orientedparticularly toward youth. Thus many in thegeneral public will be reached in addition tofederal personnel.

Federal entities will undertake a broad rangeof activity with programs oriented towardadopted schools, art, articles on the Founding,audio-visual materials, calendars, debates,educational material, essay contests, exhibits,literature, live theatre, music, commemorativestamps, posters, publications, regionalactivities, historical research, seminars,speeches and tree planting.

Eleven federal department/agency projectshave received the Official Recognition of theCommission. The Department of Army, theNational Archives and the Department of theInterior's National Park Service havesponsored these projects.

Future PlansFederal departments and agencies will beencouraged to conduct their ownBicentennial activities in all regions of thecountry, and we have urged all of them tocoordinate with the Commission. Helping tofacilitate this broader appeal, the Commissionprovides an information/assistance packet tothe individual departments and agencies.

The computerized listing will be maintainedand released to all department and agencyBicentennial committees. Educational effortswill be increased and more federal projectsare expected to be submitted for OfficialRecognition.

International ProgramsThe Commission will try to stimulateworldwide interest in the Bicentennial and, inso doing, to inform the people in othernations about the history and principles of theConstitution.

The Commission has divided this work intofour areas: Latin America, Africa, Asia, andEurope. Committees are being formed foreach of these areas.

The Commission is working with the StateDepartment, the United States InformationAgency (USIA) and the Departments ofDefense andCommerce--agencies equipped tocommunicate information about theBicentennial of the Constitution around theworld. This involves not only Americancommunities, businesses and military and

15

diplomatic personnel, but foreign citizens aswell. USIA has scheduled Commissionmembers to speak abroad and has distributedinformation to attendees at internationalmeetings worldwide. For instance, USIA willdistribute literature at the International BookFair in Tel Aviv, Israel, April 15, 1987. Voice ofAmerica will do the same at the Inter.Telecommunication Union Convention inNairobi, Kenya, later this year. The Voice ofAmerica has had three broadcasts in whichChief Justice Burger has participated at therequest of USIA.

USIA will also have a 50-poster exhibit thatwill travel around the world.The Department of Commerce plans toinvolve the travel industry in the United 5 atesin an effort to attract foreign travelers to theUnited States for the Bicentennial. TheDepartment of Commerce has distributed kitson the Bicentennial to its posts abroad and tothe travel industry in the United States.A brochure suitable for distribution abroad isplanned; it will present facts about ourcelebration, generate interest among foreignreaders and lead readers to a USIA or otherlibrary for more in-depth information aboutour Constitution and how it works. Fullcooperation with representatives of foreigngovernments will assist United Statesambassadors abroad with their plans for thecelebration.

All Commission international activities arebeing coordinated with the StateDepanment Our effort will be to encourageother countries to develop programs todiscuss the principles and history of theConstitution with a view to weighing whethersuch principles could be beneficiallyincorporated into their own forms ofdovernment, especially in emerging orpolitically divided nations. We are alsorecognizing the contributions other countrieshave made to our Constitution and ourheritage. Given that the primary emphasis ofthe commemoration will be placed on thefounding concepts of the Constitution,conferences and publications will educateinternational audiences about theConstitution's structural protections ofindividual rights.

We will request the Secretary of State to haveall U.S. Embassies develop some ceremonialactivities for September 17, 1987.

11

State and LocalParticipationThe Commission has recognized theBicentennial commissions of 33 States 3 nd 16communities; by mid-September, theCommission expects to have recognized some11 additional State commissions and morethan 50 additional Bicentennial communitiesat the local level. It is anticipated that by theend of 1986, every State and territory andhundreds of local communities will havecreated Bicentennial commissions recognizedby the Commission. Philadelphia, Boston, andSan Diego, as well as other major cities,already have established city commissionswith plans appropriate to the educational andcivic goals of the Commission.

Other newly recognized communities are:Albuquerque, N.M.; Alexandria, Va.;Annapolis, Md.; Calvert County, Md.; JohnsonCounty, Kan.; Knoxville-Knox County, Tenn.;Mesa, Ariz.; Nevada City, Cal.; North Salem,N.Y.; Old Bridge, N.J_; Smyrna, Del.; SouthBend, Ind.; and Tulsa, Okla.

Award ProgramUnder an award program created in June, thefirst 200 Bicentennial Communities willreceive plaques and certificates in recognitionof their early participation. Severalcommunities--among them Mesa, Arizona,and Nevada City, Cal ifornia--have beenconducting activities to commemorate theConstitution for more than a decade.

Aid from Government AssodationsNational government-related associations,including the National Governors Association,the U.S. Conference of Mayors, the NationalLeague of Cities, the National Association ofCounties, the National Association of Townsand Townships, the National MunicipalLeague and the National Conference of StateLegislatures, have worked to educate theirmembers and encourage them to take part.Many of these groups also plan to includeBicentennial themes in their regional andnational meetings for 1987. With theassistance of the U.S. Conference of Mayors,more than 30 cities have signed and returnedproclamations officially designatingSeptember 17, 1987, as Constitution Day.

Examples of successful state and localactivities have occurred in a number of cities.

In one, a talk before 300 state legislatorsmade many legislators aware of the comingBicentennial for the first time and led to thecreation of at least one state Bicentennialcommission.

A Commission appearance before the mayorsof major cities enabled many mayors to beinformed on how to establish a commission,and led to formation of several newcommunity commissions.

In October 1986, the Commission will hold anational conference of the leaders of stateBicentennial commissions in Orlando, Florida,funded in pall by Walt Disney World. Statecommission chairmen and staff directors havebeen invited to participate in this conference.The meeting will enable state commissionleaders to exchange Bicentennial planningand program information.

Private SectorinitiativesIn order to encourage private groups,organizations, and individuals to participatein the Bicentennial, the Commission hasadopted a strategy of drawing upon networksof established organizations.

Private organizations' Bicentennial activitiesinclude forums sponsored by the League ofWomen Voters, articles and exhibits by theReserve Officers Association, a national youthessay contest, pre-game and half-timeprograms at sporting events, and the inclusionof historical messages in corporatenewsletters. The active participation ofcorporate America is intended to be anintegral part of the Commission's strategy ofblanket communication and dissemination ofthe Commission's message.

ProgressDuring the past year, the Commission hasmailed informational material toapproximately 1,000 trade, professional andindustry associations, organizations andreligious entities.

Major telephone companies have agreed todesign and produce Bicentennial illustrationson the covers of telephone books.

12

The Commission has also:

-Contacted a wide variety of privateorganizations concerning its "plant a livinglegacy' project, a planting project in honor ofthe Constitution that will take place incommunities across the nation.

-Established an initiative to encourage ethnicgroups and identified organizations,conventions and meetings essential to thiseffort. More than 40 ethnic organizationshave been contacted; groups are beingformed and meetings conducted.

-Worked to develop Bicentennial projects inconjunction with organizations for thehandicapped. One such project involves theconversion of Bicentennial literature to Brailleand audio packages.

-Developed an extensive program to reachsenior citizens and is working closely with suchgroups as the American Association of RetiredPersons (AARP) to develop nationwideprograms.

The Council for the Advancement ofCitizenship, an association of civicorganizations, will sponsor three regionalseminars to educate state and local leadersabout the Bicentennial. These daylongseminars have received Official Recognitionfrom the Commission and will be held inPhiladelphia, New Orl Tans, and Los Angeles.

The Commission has developed a privatesector approach through the creation ofgroups of companies within the sameindustry. The hotel cluster group held its firstmeeting in July, and cluster groups for otherindustries are being formed.

Small business activities included apresentation on the Bicentennial at the WhiteHouse Small Business Conference in August1986.

Projected ActivitiesThe Commission will make efforts to reach theautomotive, consumer goods, service,restaurant, and sports industries, andinternational corporations with facilities inthe United States.

Active participation at major associationconventions also will continue. TheCommission staff in recent months hasparlicipated in the major conventions andmeetings of the Boy Scouts, AARP, U.S. Army -

17

Spirit of America, National Beta Club, 50thNational Association of Student Councils,National Archives, National LeadershipConference, National Council of SeniorCitizens, National Exchange, Daughters of theAmerican Revolution, Sons of the AmericanRevolution, Sister Cities International,American Nurserymen, American Society ofAssociation Executives and Phi Alpha Delta.

Here are some of the specific activities privateorganizations are engaged in or plan for thenear future:

-American Bankers Association will publishBicentennial information in its newsletter,promote formation of commissions at Stateand local levels and promote essay contestsamong members.

-Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc., is underwriting abroad-ranging Bicentennial program, thecenterpiece of which will be a four-part publictelevision series in conjunction with theAmerican Bar Association. The brokeragehouse also will underwrite state ratificationcommemorations throughout the nationhonoring each State's signing of theConstitution or entry into the Union.

-American Civil Liberties Union is preparingconstitutional material for its 50 stateaffiliates.

-American Enterprise Institute has beenconducting a Decade Study of theConstitution with conferences, books andtelevision programs on major themes of theConstitution.

-American Library Association is compilingbibliographies on the Constitution.

-American Newspaper Publishers Associationand its Foundation are planning a universalflag salute on September 17, 1987, in allschools of the Nation.

-Boys Clubs of America expect to distribute5 million copies of the Constitution byDecember 1987 and put together a handbookshowing communities how to celebrate anddiscuss the Constitution.

-Chicago Historical Society is planning apermanent "We the People" exhibit.

-American Cyanamid will include afticles andquotations from Founders in its companynewspaper.

-Giant Food, Inc., will use Bicentennial ads inits newspaper advenising and afticles in itsemployee magazine.

-National Association of Home Builders hasadopted the Bicentennial theme for its 1987annual convention-exposition.

Communicationsand Media Coverage

In the task of capturing public attention andinterest, televison will play a large role inhelping to inform the American people of the200th anniversary of the Constitution.

All networks gave major play to the ChiefJustice's announcement of his retirement todevote full time to the BicentennialCommission. A one-hour Bill Moyersinterview was televised in which the ChiefJustice discussed his decision to retire from theCour1 and the importance of the Bicentennialcommemoration. CBS will soon beginbroadcasting one-minute WE THE PEOPLEspots which will be shown in prime time, fivedays a week, at least through Spring 1987.

The other networks also have shownconsiderable interest in the Commission andthe Bicentennial, with a segment carried onGOOD MORNING, AMERICA.

The commercial networks and Cable NewsNetwork are working on various projectsabout the Constitution Meetings have beenheld, discussing possible approaches. C-SPANhas covered the work of the Commission andhas televised live several of its publicmeetings.

A number of Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)stations have planned special programs aboutthe Constitution and its history. Theseprojects range from a six-part series by WNET(New York) on the Preamble to a nine-partseries by WQED-TV (Pittsburgh) onconstitutional traditions to shorter programsby other stations. All told, about a dozenprojects are in various stages of developmentby PBS stations, in addition to program effortsby member stations of National Public Radio.

Television coverage has also included oneprogram on USIA/WORLDNET featuring theChief Justice answering questions from

participants in a constitutional seminar,handled live via satellite from Hong Kong, andone from Western Europe.Voice of America has recorded each publicCommission hearing for future use on radio,and several commercial radio networks (ABC,NBC, CBS, Mutual) have covered someCommission activities and plan specialBicentennial programs.

Although television coverage is the mostobvious media treatment, coverage ofBicentennial planning and events by the printmedia has been extensive, with a number ofmajor national magazines schedulingcoverage of the Bicentennial in the comingmonths.

The Chairman has addressed suchorganizations as the National Association ofBroadcasters, the American Society ofNewspaper Editors and the AdvertisingCouncil, asking for--and receiving assurancesofsupport in telling the Bicentennial story.

Assisting EducationThe Commission's staff has assisted in severaleducational programs. In June, Scholasticmagazine brought 13 young people fromaround the country to a student pressconference with Chief Justice Burger. Thequestion-and-answer session will be featuredin Scholastic magazines, kicking off the 19E15-1987 school year. A one-hour version of thepress conference was broadcast by WNEV-TVBoston as one of a series of programs on theBicentennial and is being syndicated to otherstations around the country.

A 24-page booklet featuring ideas for use byindividuals and state and local commissions incommemorating the Constitution'sBicentennial--entitled 'Guide to Celebratingthe Constitution"--has been produced andincludes a list of important historical dates ofthe Founding period.

The Commission staff has written dozens ofarticles on the Philadelphia Convention,including such topics as the reasons for theConvention, the leaders of the Convention,and the concept of a three-branch federalgovernment. These articles have beendisseminated to a large number of newslettersand other publications throughout thecountry.The Commission's own BicentennialNewsletter has featured articles on the

14

formation of the Commission and coverage ofCommission meetings, progress in creatingState commissions, and plans forcommemorative activities in Philadelphiaduring September 1987.

Projects Clearinghouseand RecognitionThe statute creating the Commission requiresit to function as a clearinghouse. Theconsolidation and computerization ofn r ition on the Bicentennial is therefore a

111911 p:iority, and the Commission will soonrealize full operation of a computerizedclearinghouse on Bicentennial events,programs and resources. As the Commissionacquires more sophisticated computerequipment and ties separate personalcomputers into a network, the database willbecome available to each member of theCommission staff.

The Commission also reviews plans andprojects which appear apprcpriate for officialencouragement, recognition, orcosponsorship. There are five forms ofCommission involvement: Commissionprojects, cosponsored projects, officiallyrecognized projects, state Bicentennialcommissions, and designated Bicentennialcommunities.

Commission ProjectsCommission Projects are projects of nationalor international significance for which theCommission takes full responsibility. Suchprojects will be few in number.

CosponsorshipThe Commission will cosponsor a limitednumber of projects with private and publicorganizations, including agencies of theFederal Government. Although theCommission reserves the right to participate ina cosponsored project's development andimplementation, primary responsibility for theproject ordinarily rests with the other sponsoror sponsors, who are authorized to use theNational Bicentennial Logo.

To qualify, the Commission must determinethat the project will make an exceptionalcontribution to advancing the nationalcommemoration and will increase publicunderstanding and appreciation of the

19

Constitution. The cost to the Commission, ifany, must be reasonable, and the project mustbe adequately financed and directed.

Official RecognitionThe Commission may grant OfficialRecognition to projects of regional, national,or international significance. Such projectsmust have substantial educational andhistorical value in relation to the Constitutionand must be adequately financed anddirected. Sponsors of officially recognizedprojects are also authorized to use theNational Bicentennial Logo.

State CommissionsThe Commission also may recognize anyBicentennial organization as a stateBicentennial commission at the request of theGovernor or the legislature of a State, or atthe request of the chief executive in the caseof the District of Columbia, theCommonwealth of Puerto Rico, and theterritories of American Samoa, Guam, and theVirgin Islands. A state Bicen,ennialcommission qualifies as a state advisorycommission.

Bicentennial CommunitiesFinally, the Commission encourages localgoverning bodies such as cities and counties toestablish designated BicentennialCommunities.

To apply for Commission cosponsorship orOfficial Recognition of a project, sponsorsmust complete an application and submit ittogether with all required materials to:Commission on the Bicentennial of the UnitedStates Constitution, 736 Jackson Place, N.W.,Washington, D. C. 20503.

Applications should include a comprehensivedescription of the project and a narrativestatement indicating how the project meetsthe criteria established by the Commission, asprovided on the application form. Theapplication form must include a statementthat the applicant agrees to be bound by allpolicies, requirements, and regulations of theCommission. The Commission may also issue aletter of encouragement when a projectdemonstrates outstanding merit but has notreached the stage of development toreasonably assure implementation.

Future EventsThe Commission's plans for participating inevents include: the Walt Disney World

15

celebration honoring the Constitution inOctober 1986, a CBS "gala" broadcast frcmthe Kennedy Center on September 13, 1987,and Philadelphia's "We the People 200"celebration on September 17, 1987.

As a special project, a 1987 BicentennialHistorical Calendar to succeed theCommission's popular 1986 calendar has beenprepared for use by teachers, speech-writers,journalists and others.

Speakingon theConstitutionThe Commission's speakers' bureau was set upto help bring national and internationalattention to the history and principles of theConstitution. The bureau maintains a rosterof prospective speakers that is philosophicallyand geographically balanced. Potentialspeakers have been identified through avariety of sources, including Commissionmembers and staff, scholarly institutions andpolitical and civic leaders and organizations.

The bureLu provides Iiison services and hassupplied historical resource materials inresponse to scores of requests.

A critical function of the Commission'sspeakers' bureau is to encourage theformation of state and local speakers'bureaus. A speakers' bureau of federal judgesalso has been organized by the JudicialConference of the United States to talk onconstitutional themes.

20

LEGISLATION AND REGUbkTION

Since the first repon, amendments to PublicLaw 98-101, which created the Commission,have raised the limit on the size of theCommission's staff and provided supportingappropriations. This was done primarilythrough the efforts of Senator John Stennis,of the Appropriations Committee andSenators and Representatives who aremembers of the Commission, particularlySenator Ted Stevens. The ContinuingResolution signed by tile President inDecember 1985 (Public Law 99-190) providedthe Commission with $12 million to remainavailable until expended.

Before approving this $12 million, Congressapproved an appropriation providing theCommission with $775,0000 for 1936 (PublicLaw 99-180, signed by the President inDecember 1985), and a supplementaryappropriation for Fiscal 1985 of $331,000. ThePresident's Budget Request for Fiscal Year1987 included $12 million in additionalappropriations. The House of Representativeshas approved $13 million.

In accordance with Commission wishes, andwith the cosponsorship of CommissionMembers who are also Members of Congress,two bills were introduced in 1985 to extendthe basic authority of the Commission. TheHouse bill (H.R. 3559) was passed by the House

1 6

of Representatives on June 24, 1986. Thecompanion Senate bill (5. 1779) together withthe House-passed bill was placed on theSenate Calendar for action before the end ofthis congressional session. If Congressapproves the measure before adjournment inOctober 1986, the bills we.- rid extend the lifeof the Commission by two years, throughDecember 31, 1991.

The Commission voted to support a measureto enact a one-time federal holiday,"Constitution Day," to mark the Bicentennialof the signing of the Constitution onSeptember 17, 1987. The Senate bill (S.2216) isnow on the Senate Calendar awaitingpassage. The House bill (H.R. 3842) is to begiven a hearing in the House once 218cosponsors are obtained. Congress may actfavorably on this measure, in whole or in part,before adjournment.

Also in accordance with Commission supportand the support of Commission Members inthe House, a bill was introduced (H.R. 3415) toauthorize the minting of commemorativegold and silver coins, and gold, silver andbronze medals. The Commission has officiallyrecognized the Bicentennial Medal Programof the United States Capitol Historical Society,under an agreement providing that each ofthe Society's commemorative medals may be

21

designated an official medal of the.'Cornmission.

In accordance with requirements of law, theCommission has adopted and publishedregulations governing: (1) Organization andFunctions (45 CFR Part 2000); (2) ProjectRecognition and Support (45 CFR Part 2001);and (3) Regulations on Donations (45 CFR Part2002).

Congressional Information ServiceTo inform Members of Congress andcongressional staff of Bicentennial events andanniversary dates, and in order to enhancecongressional support for the Commission'sprograms, a congressional information servicehas been established.

With the support of Commission memberswho are also Members of Congress theCommission has been able to supply periodicreports, called "Bicentennial Alerts," to over600 Congressional Bicentennial liaison staff in340 Congressional offices in Washington, D.C.,and in home districts.

Each Bicentennial Alert provides for each dayof the month a sample of what happened onthat date in history which in some way

involves the development of the Constitution,the Framers and the expansion of our Nationand evolution of our governmental system.The Alerts provide sufficient information toform the basis for speeches, speci 31commemorative events, and distribution tolocal school districts. Research requests fromindividual House and Senate offices arecurrently being fulfilled in a timely fashion,but we anticipate a much greater demand forthese services once the 1986 elections havepassed.

The Commission's goal is to stimulate grass-roots commemorative and educationalactivities by providing congressional officeswith individualized assistance in the areas ofresearch, speech preparation, andcoordination of Bicentennial activities at thedistrict, state and regional levels. Each Houseand Senate office was requested in earlySpring 1986 to designate a specific staffperson as a Bicentennial liaison. As ofSeptember 1, 1986, more than one-half of theHouse and two-thirds of the Senate haveassigned both Capitol Hill and local staff tothis function.

BUILDING A STAFF

The staff of the Commission has grown from afew employees and volunteers to 78 paid withappropriated funds and 18 detailed fromother federal agencies.

In addition to the Staff Director and DeputyStaff Director, division directors are in placefor State and Local Programs, Federal andInternational Programs, EducationalPrograms, Commission Plans and ProjectsRecognition, Office of Legal Counsel andCommunications. Acting directors serve forPrivate Programs and Administration.

More than one in every four persons on staffhas a graduate degree, and about the sameproportion has teaching experience. Includedare former university professors, historians,attorneys, corporate executives andjournalists. Some 20 percent of the staff areworking with the Commission at reducedsalaries during this period, in accordance withthe Commission's policy to hold salaries to

18

minimum levels.

Discussions with the leaders of the Statue ofLiberty restoration effort underscored theimportance of expert marketing advice todevelop a "business plan" for Commissionprojects and goals. The Commission will beenlisting the perf..3n in charge of marketingfor the Statue of Liberty-Ellis IslandFoundation, Inc., Edward Dooley whoworked with Lee Iacocca to develop amarketing plan for the BicentennialCommission.

We have been handicapped to date by havingstaff located in temporary quarters.Theofficial headquarters for the Commission hasnow been changed from 734 Jackson Place,N.W_, to 736 Jackson Place, N.W., with themajority of the staff continuing to be housedfor the time being in the Matomic Building at1717 H Street, N.W.

23

FUNDING

The Bicentennial Commission has two sourcesof funds: congressional appropriations andprivate donations.

AppropriationsCongress appropriated $331,000 in fiscal year1985. For fiscal year 1986, $775,000 wasinitially appropriated, followed by anadditional $12 million appropriation. Of thisamount, approximately $549,000 wassequestered under the Gramrn-Rudman-Hollings Budget Reduction Act, leaving abalance of $12,557,000.

The President requested fiscal 1987appropriations for the Commission in theamount of $12 million. Independent of this,5. 1264 was enacted on December 20, 1985,authorizing $5 million per year from fiscalyear 1987 through 1991 for Commissionexpe:;.2itures in pre-university ed ucationalprograms and a national competition. The

19

House of Representatives has passedlegislation for appropriations of $13 million.At the August congressional recess, however,the Senate had not acted on this bill.Appropriations for the Commission are "no-year" money, which means they can be spentin any year during the life of the Commission.

DonationsThe Commission receives tax-deductibledonations directly from individuals andcorporations and non-profit organizations forBicentennial projects of historical,educational, or restorational purposes.Donations are of two kinds--monetary andproducts or services As of July 31, 1986,private donations to the Commission totalled$46,000, with an estimated value of productsor services of $200,000.0ne member of theCommission contributed $15,000 by "hosting"one meeting; another member contributed$4,000.

Exhibit A

Members of tlyt Commission

Warren E. Burger, ChairmanChief Justice of the United States

Frederick K. BiebelChairmanU.S. Constitution Council of the

Thirteen Original States, Inc.

Undy BoggsUnited States House of

Representatives

Herbert BrownellLord, Day and LordForroer U.S. Attorney General

Lynne V. CheneyChairmanNational Endowment for the

Humanities

Phillip M. CraneUnited States House of

Repre5entatives

Dennis DeConcini*United States Senate

William J. GreenWolf, Block, Schorr, and

Solis-CohenFormer Mayor of Philadelphia

Rev. Edward Victor HillMount Zion Missionary

Baptist Church

Cornelia G. KennedyCircuit JudgeUnited States Court of Appeals

Edward M. KennedyUnited States Senate

Harry McKinley Lightsey, Jr.PresidentCollege of Charleston

*Senator Dennis DeConcini was appointedin July 1986 to fill the vacancy created by thedeath of Edward P. Morgan.

20

William LucasWayne County Executive,Michigan

Betty Southard MurphyBaker and HostetlerFormer ChairmanNational Labor Relations

Board

Thomas H. O'ConnorProfessor of HistoryBoston College

Phyilis SchlaflyPresidentEagle Forum

Bernard H. SieganProfessor of LawUniversity of San Diego

Ted StevensUnited states Sena e

Obert C. TannerChairman0.C. Tanner Company

Strom ThurmondPresident pro temporeUnited States Senate

Ronald H. WalkerManaging Director and

PartnerKorn/Ferry International

Charles E. WigginsCircuit JudgeUnited States Court of Appeals

Charles Alan WrightProfessor of LawUniversity of Texas

Law School

41 UK IXIVERNMENT PRIMINO OFFIGM 1406 = 162469 -

Commission on the Bicentennialof the United States Constitution

736 Jackson Place, N.W.Washington, D.C. 20503

202/USA-1787

26