ErgonomicsMaking the job fit the worker

Ergonomics looks at:

• Work station

• Tools

• Motions

• Physical condition

• Physical limitations

• Environment

1

Musculoskeletal disorders

• Musculoskeletal disorders = MSDs

2a

MSD symptoms

• Dull, aching sensation• Discomfort with movements• Tenderness to the touch• Burning sensation• Pain• Tingling• Cramping• Stiffness

2b

Common MSDs

• Tendinitis

• Tenosynovitis

• Trigger finger

• Raynaud’s syndrome

• De Quervain’s disease

• Carpal tunnel syndrome

2c

Workplace risk factors

• Repetitive motions

• Fixed / awkward postures

• Vibration

• Force

• Twisting / bending

• Elevation of elbows

• Lifting

3a

Workplace risk factors

• Inappropriate tools

• Continuous contact

• Restricted clearance

• Improper seating/support

• Bad body mechanics

• Inadjustable equipment

3b

Identify risk factors

• Management/employee involvement

• Audit work stations

• Audit procedures

4a

Engineering controls

• Preferred method

• Work station design

• Tool design

• Equipment design

5a

Work station design

Provide adequate:

• Work space

• Work height

• Support

• Storage space

• Machine controls6a

Work station design

• Reduce static loading• Raise / lower working height• Remove hard / sharp edges• Provide mechanical

advantages• Insulate heat / cold

7a

Work station redesign

• Provide seating / support

• Improve material orientation

• Improve layout

7b

Tool selection should minimize:• Awkward, bent grip

• Vibration

• Excessive grip strength

• Awkward positions to exert force

• Repetitive motions

8a

Administrative controls

• Job rotation

• Shift length

• Overtime management

• Rest breaks

• Production rates

9a

Work practice controls

• Use proper techniques

• Avoid unnecessary steps

• Job training

• Exercise/ conditioning

10a

Medical management

• Early reporting & treatment

• Symptoms survey

• Medical treatment

• Recordkeeping

11a

Back disorders

• Sprains

• Strains

• Ruptured/slipped disks

• Muscle spasms

12a

Back pain factors

• Improper posture

• Poor physical condition

• Improper lifting

12b

Proper lifting

• Size up the load

• Bend your knees

• Do not twist

• Clear path

• Lower slowly

• Push carts/dollies

12c

Summary

• Define ergonomics

• MSDs

• Risk factors

• Controls

• Medical management

• Proper lifting

13a