ergonomics in clinical laboratory (emellia)

8/3/2019 Ergonomics in Clinical Laboratory (Emellia)

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By:Noor Emellia JamaludinPegawai Pemulihan PerubatanHospital Sultan Abdul Halim


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Straight your body Listen to this video

Follow as instructed
http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/noor%20emellia/My%20Documents/ERGONOMICS/Eye%20Exercises%20For%20Eyestrain%20%20%20Better%20Vision%20-%20YouTubetring.flv


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Pain or stiffness in your back, arms, or legs at the end of your work day or

after performing the same task at work for prolongedperiods of time?


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Workstation, equipment, and/or workpractices are the cause.

It is important to recognize the work hazards

that can lead to musculoskeletal injury,determine what improvements or changesshould be made, and take action to improveyour workspace.


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Craskey CR. (1999): Ergonomics can improve work quality, increase

productivity, raise morale, reduce absenteeism,and reduce workers compensation

CTSs represent 65% of all injuries reported in clinicallaboratory.

Safety is everyone's job.


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Seema VK. et. al., (2010): The laboratory workers are at increased risk of

developing CTS, particularly technicians.

If proper preventive measures are not initiated, they may

progress and lead to late stages which can be quitedebilitating.


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Make the work fit the person, not the personfit the work.

Goals; Finding ways to make strenuous, often repetitive work,

less likely to prevent muscle and joint injuries -- andstill get the job done.

To prevent disorders of the soft-tissues such asmuscles, tendons, nerves, blood vessels, & joints.


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Common Musculoskeletal Disorders Stenosing tenosynovitis of the finger (triggerfinger). De Quervain's disease. (thumb gripping) Raynaud's phenomenon (white finger or vibration

syndrome).

Thoracic outlet syndrome (pain in neck, arm, hand)

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (enflamed/ compressedmedial nerve)

Back Strain/Sprain


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Repetition

Awkward Postures

Force

Awkward postures

Repetition

Force


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Each risk factor is significant.

However, discomfort or injury is more likely todevelop when two or more of these factors arecombined & the risk exposure is sustained overtime.


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Prolonged use of a keyboard or mouse

Prolonged sitting at a microscope

Pipetting

Screwing and unscrewing vial caps Standing at a laboratory instrument for a

prolonged period of time

Lack of rest - intensive hours at the workstation

with few breaks Sustained awkward position


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Use Neutral Posture at the Computer & Other Equipment


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Neutral posture:

Back supported by the chair back

Ears, Shoulders, Elbows, Hips verticallyaligned

Elbows, hips, knees bent at near-rightangles (90o 105o)

Feet flat on the floor or footrest

The basic neutral position most labpersonnel should utilize a majority of thetime they spend seated at the computer

or other equipment.


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Forward tilt posture:

Raise the chair height a few inchesand tilt the front downward slightly (8o -10o)

Opens hip angle allowing legs tosupport some weight.

Good position for lab workat amicroscope or in a safety hood;

Not recommendedif you have knee orfoot problems.

May be used occasionally throughoutthe day by most people; but is not

recommended for long periods at atime.


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Reclining posture: Lean back 10o - 20o into the chair's

backrest and put your feet out in frontof you.

Opens hip and knee angles to helprelax back muscles and promotesblood circulation. Leaning back too farcan result in an awkward neckposture.

May be used occasionally throughoutthe day by most people; but not

recommended for long periods at a time.


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Standing posture:

Provides biggest change in posture

Good alternative to prolongedsitting

Can be fatiguing, have chair available

Prop one foot up on a low footrestto help occasionally shift your weight.

May be used occasionally throughoutthe day by most people; but notrecommended for long periods at atime.


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Use Neutral Hand Position whenever possible

working with equipment and tools.

Neutral

Neutral


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Neutral

Awkward

Neutral

Awkward

Awkward

Neutral

Awkward

Neutral


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When uses input devices;

o Proximity Items close enoughto use while your elbows arealigned between shoulders and

hips. No reaching from theshoulder.

oAngleWrists & forearmsparallel to the floor. No forearm

or wrist angle.

o Padding - No resting on hardedges. Gel wrist rests arehelpful.


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Repetitive motions are those that are repeated every fewseconds for extended periods of time.

Repetitive activities are most often a concern whencombined with awkward positions, high forces, or

significant amounts of time spent at the activity withoutadequate recovery time.


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Pinching

GrippingManual

Materialhandling

StaticLoading


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Eliminate awkward positions Use mechanical advantage

Reduce weight of tool or object

Redesign tool/user interface

Use sharp, well-maintained tools Alternate Positions/Tasks

Avoid resting your wrists againsta desk edge

Look at Material HandlingAlternatives


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Get Close tothe Load

Bend yourKnees

- Not yourBack!

Use Large LegMuscles to

Rise UntilStanding


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Neck & shoulderBack, side and legs

Relaxing eyes

Stretch to prevent CTS


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Shoulder Shrug: Thepurpose of the shouldershrug is to relieve earlysymptoms of tightness ortension in the shoulder

and neck area.

Head Glide: The headglide helps to stretch yourchest, neck and shouldermuscles


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Neck Relaxer: Thisexercise helps to relax theneck.

Shoulder Roll: Thisexercise will help relax theshoulder muscles.


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Back / side stretch Middle / upper backstretch


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Back Curl (will also stretchyour legs)

Ankle flex & stretch


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Leg lift


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Technique 1: Palming Rub your hands together until they feel warm (about

15 to 20 seconds). Then place your cupped handsover your closed eyes, being careful not to touch your

eyes with the palms of your hands. The fingers of eachhand should overlap and rest gently on the center ofyour forehead.

Sit quietly for one to two minutes with your handsover your eyes. The more relaxed you become, theblacker the darkness you will see with your eyes closed.


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Technique 2: Near-far focus Hold your thumb six inches from your nose.

Focus on your thumb.

Take one deep breath and exhale slowly.

Then focus on an object about 10 feet away. Take another deep breath and slowly exhale.

Repeat back and forth 15 times
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Extend and stretch bothwrists and fingers acutelyas if they are in a hand-stand position. Hold for a

count of 5.

Straighten both wrists andrelax fingers.


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Make a tight fist with bothhands.

Then bend both wristsdown while keeping thefist. Hold for a count of 5.


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Straighten both wrists andrelax fingers, for a countof 5.

The exercise should berepeated 10 times.Then let your arms hangloosely at the side andshake them for a fewseconds


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Know the warning signs of back pain caused bypoor ergonomics and posture.

Get up and move.

Keep the body in alignment while sitting in anoffice chair and while standing.

Use exercise to help prevent injury and promotegood posture.

Wear supportive footwear when standing
http://c/Documents%20and%20Settings/noor%20emellia/My%20Documents/ERGONOMICS/Watch%20Your%20Back%20Video%20-%20Tips%20for%20Good%20Back%20Health%20in%20Office%20Chairs.flv


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For more information andintervention, please visit ourdepartment: OccupationalTherapy Department, HSAH