DESIGN OF ERGONOMICALLY

EFFICIENT OFFICE CHAIR

MADE BY :• NUPUR AGRAWAL• PANKAJ AGRAWAL• PIYUSH JAISWAL• POOJA RAI• PRANAV KHANDELWAL• SAGARIKA CHATTERJEE

contents INTRODUCTIONANTHROPOMETRICSCOMPONENTSSURVEYOUR DESIGNLOGO AND TAG LINEMARKETING STRATEGYCONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION

Ergonomic Design Making the world a better place to

live

An office chair at a glance

An average person makes 53 changes to his or her torso position in an hour while sitting in a chair according to 2001 study of desk bound office workers.

The design of the chair should be such that it is stable, yet promote dynamic, active, natural motion allowing sitting in any position.

The chair should support you in whatever position you feel most comfortable.

It should be simple, natural and easy, intuitive and enjoyable to use.

Different Postures while working in office

What we look in an ideal office chair…

Explored and applied the latest technologies. Office seating need to go beyond the assumptions and

approaches of traditional chairs. The chair should be wonderfully sophisticated, elegant,

comfortable, inviting and remarkably simple and natural to use.

The chair will support you in all the various activities comprising your work day: from sitting at a computer to talking on the phone to interacting with others; from turning or reaching to bending or stretching.

HISTORY

1971

1976

1979

1980 2008

1994

19981984

1984 2008 2010

1849

Timeline

1971: SYNTHESIS 45 Suddenly office chairs are funFun was not a word much associated with offices during the first half of the 20th century. designer ettore sottsass came on board and ditched the traditional black, grey and beige colour schemes, designing furniture in bright yellow, purple and red. synthesis 45 was an adjustable secretary chair — a bright, cartoon-happy, friendly design.

1976: ERGON The arrival of ergonomics

The Ergon was the first task chair designed specifically with the physical health and comfort of the office worker in mind. It could be quickly and easily adjusted to the size and

shape of the sitter, and provided spinal support and unrestricted blood flow using a two-pad seat.

1849: CENTRIPETAL SPRING ARMCHAIRWhere it all began

The story of the office chair began with the centripetal spring armchair. Designed by Thomas E Warren, New York, it is probably the earliest example of a task

chair. The design was adapted for use on railway carriages as the springing seat helped to absorb shock from the train's movement.

1979: SUPPORTOThe office chair for everywhere Over in Britain, the Supporto Chair from manufacturer Hille International was described by its designer Frederik Scott as "an office chair designed to cut through the hierarchy of office seating". What he meant by that was that it would be just as suitable in an office, a conference room or any number of other environments.

1971

1976

1979

1849

1980: FS CHAIR An engineering revolution

Designed by Klaus Franck and Werner Sauer,the key innovation here was the engineering: three swivel axes allow the seat, backrest and armrests to follow the sitter's movement.

Combined with a particularly elastic shell, the FS-Line chair is highly adjustable and automatic while its modular structure and frame make repair, maintenance or upgrades easy. 

1984: EQUAThe democratic chairHailed as the Design of the Decade by Time magazine, the Equa was so-called because, at a time when offices were shifting to more open plan structures, it was designed to be "an egalitarian chair" that would provide equal ergonomics for all. Office seating was becoming more specialized, but this chair would allow a person to perform a variety of tasks.

1984: CAPISCOThe cavalry arrives

Also known as the Saddle Chair, Peter Opsvik's Capisco chair is like re-creating a horseback rider's dynamic posture, while also creating a work chair that would accommodate the most

sitting postures possible. Opsvik describes the Capisco as a "sitting device", and the seat and backrest are cut-out spaces to allow the fit and the fidgets freedom to move their arms and

legs.

1994: AERONThe dotcom darlingAs ubiquitous and translucent as the blue iMac that so often sat on the desk in front of it, the Aeron chair is an icon of the dotcom era. Yet another Herman Miller success story designed by Don Chadwick and Bill Stumpf, it is distinctive in that its seat and back are made of Pellicle, a flexible mesh, instead of the usual upholstery.

1984

1984

1994

1980

1999: FREEDOM CHAIR The secret of simplicity

Before it started making the Freedom Chair, Humanscale was a $44m company. Eight years after launching Niels Diffrient's ergonomic design, it topped $200m. The secret was in the simplicity: Freedom was supremely easy to

use, with a self-adjusting, weight-sensitive recline, while a distinctive exoskeletal frame made it easy to recognise too.

2008: EMBODY The healing chairBill Stumpf came up with this design of a chair that could potentially impart health benefits to the sitter. Where previously all the ergonomics and engineering in a chair aimed to minimise the negative effects of sitting, Herman claimed that Embody's dynamic seat-and-back surfaces could reduce stress, help circulation, lower the sitter's heart rate, improve their posture and generally cure most office ills.

2008: 360º CHAIR21st-century chair

In a radical move that implied that the ergonomists' view of the work chair was outdated, designer Konstantin Grcic came up with the 360° chair for Italian maker Magis. Not

intended to be sat on for long periods, the design acknowledges changes in the workplace as a new generation find their jobs ever more dynamic.

2010: SAYL Bridging the eco divideDesigned by Yves Behar, the Sayl is produced at the lowest cost ever achieved by the company, by using fewer parts and less material — two things that ultimately also mean a much reduced carbon footprint. Inspiration for the chair came from observing the way suspension bridges carry tremendous loads: it uses a tower for vertical support, cables for back tension and comfort, and a lower span as base. This means the chair has no need for a hard material to frame the back, allowing greater freedom of movement.

2008

2008

2010

1999

Head Rest

BACK REST

ARM REST

SEAT

HEIGHT CONTROLLER - KNOBS

COMPONENTS

5 ARM STAND

ROTATING WHEEL

Seat

Seat Height :

ADJUSTING KNOBS

Seat height should be pneumatically adjusted while seated

A range of 16 - 20.5 inches off the floor should accommodate most users.

Thighs should be horizontal, lower legs vertical.

feet flat on the floor or on a footrest. range, 347 to 525mm

Seat Depth:

• It is measured from the front edge of the seat to the lumbar support region of the backrest.

• If the seat depth is excessive, small people will not be able to sit back far enough to get the benefit of the backrest. A seat width of 17-20 inches suffices for most people and should be deep enough to permit the back to contact the lumbar backrest without cutting into the backs of knees.

• The front edge should be rounded and padded – “ A WATERFALL EDGE”

• Bucket-type seats must be avoided. The seat should swivel easily.

• Minimum width of 450mm is required. This gives a little extra space above the 97.5th percentile hip width for Indian women of 445mm.The 97.5th percentile hip width for Indian males is less than this (417mm).RANGE : 380 to 480mm

Provision for forward slope of the seat, up to a maximum of 10 degrees, is useful to reduce pressure on the thighs when working while leaning forward.

But for general purposes, a chairwith the seat angle fixed and horizontal is probably best. The seat slant should be adjustable (0 to 10degrees).

SEAT SLOPE

HEAD RESTPurpose : to provide comfort and safety.

Headrest-height adjustable cushioned for comfort

Effect : relaxed posture that helps relieve the pressure on your postural muscles which can decrease fatigue and increase comfort.

The backrest should be large enough to cover the entire width of the back.  A minimum of 12” is recommended for width.

  Seat back height preference varies dramatically from user to user. Lumbar support, these commonly range from 6” to 10” in height.  In that case, the lumbar support should be centered at L 3-4 vertebrae.   A lumbar support should also have at least 4” of adjustability to allow centering in the back. 

In full-length designs, backrests should be contoured to fit the “S” shaped curves of the spine, not entirely flat or straight. 

Backrest - Seat Pan Angle-The angle between the seat pan and chair back should be adjustable when the user is seated with thighs parallel to the floor and legs properly supported vertically.  This angle permits the user to sit slightly forward, straight up, or recline back depending on the type of computing performed, support needed, and comfort desired.

BACKREST

Seat Material:

A chair seat and back should be padded enough

to allow comfortable circulation.

If a seat is too soft, the muscles must always adjust

to maintain a steady posture, causing strain and fatigue. The seat fabric should

"breathe" to allow air circulation through clothes to

the skin.

LEATHERCUSHION

WIRE MESHLEATHER

Foot Rest Adjustable

Does not restrict leg movement

Easily removed

As wide as your hips

Large enough for the soles of both feet

Has a nonskid surface

Made of anti skidding, Anti fatigue material

.

Arm Rest  Ergonomic armrests are optional features.

Armrest users report enhanced performance including less fatigue, increased comfort, and better endurance with sustained computing. 

Armrests should be placed at least 18.5” apart and made of soft or padded material. 

An ergonomically designed armrest should be adjustable vertically and not impair circulation due to direct pressure to contact areas but distribute that load over broad areas comfortably.   Armrests should adjust between 2” and 4” vertically to accommodate user’s preference.

An ergonomically designed chair has a solid, safe, and stable 5-post chair base.  It should be made of strong materials to support up to five times the body weight. 

The chair base should also be equipped with quality casters to permit easy maneuvering on office floor surfaces. 

BASE

SURVEY

FEEDBACk

Feedback

INFERENCE :1.)Chair affects the working efficiency and the physique of all.

2.)Soft cushiony seat and arm rest preferable.

3.)All the components – arm rest, back rest, foot rest must beadjustable.

InferenceFrom

feedback

Final design:Side elevation

• Backrest follows the lumbar curve of the spine. Given in 2 tiers, it comprises an automatic tilt lock mechanism in 2 tiers, one for the lower spine, one for upper spine and one for the headrest

• Footrest provided with a lever mechanism to change its angle of tilt and move at the fixed angle with inclination in seat and backrest. It is textured so as to provide comfort at critical pressure points of the heel - accupunture

Final design:3D VIEW

• Curved armrests with depression in between to support the forearm properly

• Lever to adjust the height of the chair

• Backrest made of open pellicle mesh for distributing pressure on back uniformly and also for thermal regulation

Final 3d rendered view

MARKETINg

MARKETING STRATEGIES

Knowing our customers.

Ensuring availability to the customers.

Collaborating with the workstation companies.

Advertisement through mass media.

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