erdb annual report cy 2007

Department of Environment and Natural ResourcesECOSYSTEMS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BUREAU

ERDB2007

AnnualReport

ContentsTOPIC PAGE

Message 5

Executive Summary 7

Background 11

R, D and E Accomplishments 13 Completed Studies 14 Banner Programs 18 Ongoing Projects 29

Gender and Development 39Technology Dissemination 43 Publications and Technology Promotion Services 44

Demonstration Areas 47Library Services 49Website DevelopmentLaboratories 51

Linkages 55

Training Programs/Seminars/Conferences Attended by ERDB Personnel 57Monthly Technical Seminar Series 63Technical Assistance 65Research Management 69 RDE Framework for 2007-2010 69 DAO on RDE Management System 69General Administration 71 Human Resources 71 Financial Resources 72

Organizational Chart 73

Officials of ERDB 74

5ERDB Annual Report 2007

Message

2007 was a highly significant year for ERDB. I came in as the new Bureau Director in the month of February, after no less than the DENR Undersecretary Manuel D. Gerochi, led the Research Sector for several

months advancing the Bureau’s research and development work, initiating changes, and creating opportunities to be more responsive to the needs of the environment and the people.

Overall, our goal is to truly make an impact in providing scientific and technological solutions to environmental problems with sustainable development as the ultimate result. Therefore, as we reflect in this Annual Report for 2007, we introduce new paths for our projects and initiatives for Environment and Natural Resources (ENR) Research, Development and Extension (RDE) as well as to make a greater difference in the ecological systems worldwide.

We have initiated the drafting of a revision of the Department Administrative Order (DAO 96-27) to put into place the policy guidelines and procedures on the management of the DENR-RDE system.

The proposed DAO includes provisions to address major concerns such as: formulation of the RDE agenda for the ENR research network; guidelines in the proposal preparation; implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of projects and programs; and reporting system, and the technology transfer and extension concerns, including technology application and policy formulation. The provision on technology transfer and extension is a major tradition to the former R and D management system. It defines the process involved, re-orientation of focus of activities, allocation of resources, and involvement of stakeholders. We produced our RDE Framework on Environment and Natural Resources for 2007-2010 to improve directions for the past Research and Development Plans and Programs. We aim to provide actions to hub on ENR management

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Message

ERDB Annual Report 2007

approaches concerning the dynamic needs of times, the clientele and beneficiaries, and the global human community. Therefore, fast progression for efficient management and sustainable development can be attained in the nearest time.

Of the 24 research projects of ERDB, 3 were completed in 2007. These were the rehabilitation of marginal soils using indigenous species with mycorrhizal inoculation, documentation of the marginal forest litter collectors and vendors at the Makiling Forest Reserve: Deriving hypotheses from human-environment interface, and market potential of bamboo shoots and engineered bamboo. The highlights of these projects are presented in this Annual Report along with the other ongoing projects. The research projects showcased here are the five banner programs that we conceptualized and implemented in 2007. These include: vulnerability assessment of priority watersheds in the Philippines; determination of carrying capacity (CARCAP) of various areas for resource conservation, ecotourism, and sustainable development; rehabilitation and ecological restoration of marginal and degraded landscapes and seascapes; development strategies for the production of quality planting materials; and national information, education, and communication campaign and capacity enhancement.

Not only did research work put on a new face, research operations including technology transfer had minor changes to

involve the entire Research Sector. Therefore, it was not only ERDB that was moving on the ground. The Ecosystems Research and Development Service (ERDS) in the different regions of the country have also been taking an active part in the implementation and in injecting improvements for the banner programs. As a matter of fact, the Research Sector held three management conferences to ensure the smooth implementation of the programs.

We have spent this year evaluating, planning, organizing, and launching activities to make ENR research more relevant to end-users. It was a great feat for all of us, but more challenging work still need to be done. These await us in 2008. We intend to produce more outcomes as we go along meeting all the challenges of what the future needs just to achieve innovation through excellent Research and Development. For what we have accomplished, it is our pleasure to say that we made it to the road of success to present our achievements and accomplishments to our clientele from the year 2007. Likewise, these would never have been made possible without the solid efforts given by both the research and support staff of ERDB, the entire

Research Sector, and other various group of clientele. Our research work programs were the result of the unified efforts of our researchers as well as the technology transfer, finance, and administrative services staff.

We thank our collaborators in other DENR Bureaus, as well as the organizations, institutions, and individuals who have shared their knowledge and resources to make our work successful. We also extend our deepest gratitude to the continued support of the Department’s top management for the endeavors of the Research Sector.

Together we will survive the distress period of an increasingly harsh environment and strive to produce valuable scientific results to be used for scientific basis in considering relevant strategies and useful measures against ongoing ecological problems.

Our commitment to work as a team is our primary strength in successfully reaching our goals as we give our best in providing public service in the spirit of good governance.

Marcial C. Amaro, Jr. Director


ExecutiveSummary

With ERDB at the helm, the Research Sector’s thrusts and direction gave focus to more applied and demand-driven researches geared towards sustainable development of natural resources and

improvement of the lives of upland and coastal dwellers and other clientele. In 2007, the Bureau initiated the conceptualization and implementation of the Sector’s five banner programs. These programs are intended to respond to the technical needs of the various sectors of the DENR and other stakeholders.

The five banner programs are:

1. Vulnerability assessment of priority watersheds in the Philippines

This program identifies priority hazards and critical factors affecting the vulnerability of watersheds for the development of corresponding disaster preparedness and mitigating measures by the DENR, LGUs, and other stakeholders. Out of the 27 watersheds studied nationwide, 1 was studied by ERDB (Tignoan, Real, Quezon), 9 were assessed with the technical assistance of ERDB, and the rest were implemented by the regional Ecosystems Research and Development Services (ERDS). Vulnerability assessment of Tignoan Watershed in Real, Quezon; Luyang Watershed in Carmen, Cebu; and Pudong Watershed in Kapangan, Benguet of CAR were completed.

2. Determination of carrying capacity (CARCAP) of various areas for resource conservation, ecotourism and sustainable development

This program aims to determine the carrying capacity of selected priority areas or sites in protected areas (PAs), community-based forest management (CBFM) project sites, coastal areas and small island ecosystem (CEP/SI), and

8 ERDB Annual Report 2007

Executive Summary

Marked and assessed plus trees of yemane (Gmelina arborea) in Diadi, Nueva Viscaya (Banner Program 4).

grazing lands (GL) for sustainable resource use, biodiversity conservation and protection, and ecotourism development. It also intends to develop the capability of concerned DENR staff/personnel in conducting carrying capacity assessment and in providing scientific basis in the formulation of relevant policies for the sustainable management of PAs, CBFM, CEP/SI, and GL.

ERDB has already conducted CARCAP studies in nine priority sites in different regions of the country. The sites include three PAs, two CBFM areas, two CEP/SI, and two GL. Researchers have started the development of CARCAP models for Mt. Pulag National Park and Mt. Arayat National Park) and two CBFM areas in Cebu and Bukidnon.

ERDS offices, except for Region 9, are also implementing 24 CARCAP projects in coordination with ERDB.

3. Rehabilitation and ecological restoration of marginal and degraded landscapes and seascapes.

This program is being implemented to develop appropriate technologies to rehabilitate highly degraded areas (i.e., abandoned mines, denuded/eroded areas, mangrove areas/coastal zones) and formulate recommendations on adoption of verified technologies. Program staff started working on three compendia. These will feature the best practices on rehabilitation technologies for mine-waste areas, coastal areas, and critical watersheds. It is targeted for completion in 2008. Rehabilitation protocols were pilot tested for mined out areas in Regions 5, 6, and 13 and for degraded coastal and freshwater areas in Regions 1, 7, and 13.

4. Development strategies for the production of quality planting materials

The mandate of the banner program is to ensure the sustainable supply of high-quality seeds from verified and assessed seed sources of important indigenous and exotic species nationwide for commercial tree plantation establishment, biodiversity conservation, rehabilitation, and restoration purposes. Seeds from these sources will be used for the production of quality planting materials.


Executive Summary

Propagation protocols will be developed for the mass propagation of demand-driven indigenous species. These will be made available to tree farmers, forest managers, and other stakeholders.

5. National Information, Education and Communication (IEC) and Capacity Enhancement

The Research Sector intensified its technology transfer and social mobilization efforts using tri-media and other extension channels.

ERDB and ERDS press releases on important research findings were published in national dailies. Articles on ENR information and technology from ERDB and ERDS were submitted to newspapers and radio stations. Eight (8) articles were published along the topics on: butterfly farming, Mindoro pine, green roofs, balakat trees, labtang, rattan, and anahaw.

Eleven (11) regional offices were able to produce their Techno Bulletin for distribution to their clientele as a way of creating public awareness and raising interest on Environmental and Natural Resources (ENR) technologies.

The ERDB also produced 17 posters showing the various technologies/research information generated and promoted by the regional research offices. Sets of these posters were distributed to all ERDS regional offices nationwide.

The ERDB through the promotion of ENR technologies, a component of the Banner Program, facilitated the conduct of two trainings on charcoal briquetting technology and ENR values orientation with Municipal Agriculture Office of Tigaon, Camarines Sur and PG-ENRO of Lucena City, respectively.

Monitoring of clienteles’ adoption on four ENR technologies (charcoal briquetting, malapapaya propagation, bamboo propagation and plantation establishment, and clonal propagation/forest nursery practices) were also continued.

To capacitate the ERDB and ERDS staff on the implementation of the Banner Program, the Technology Transfer Division staff spearheaded the conduct of training-workshops on photography, poster, news and feature writing, and the development and implementation of ENR extension program. ENR Techno Bulletin produced by ERDS in

the regions.


Executive Summary

Other R and D Related Projects/Activities

Aside from the banner programs, ERDB continued to implement 13 other R and D projects and activities such as the assessment of forest species for biomass estimation and carbon sequestration, rehabilitation of marginal soils using indigenous species with mycorrhizal application, genetic evaluation of forest trees and non-wood species, protocol development for Jatropha using tissue culture, growth performance of third-growth dipterocarp forest and paulownia, enhancing ecotourism development, and impact assessment of environmental programs. Three of these projects were funded by ERDB and ten were funded by other organizations/institutions.

ERDB also published and disseminated issues of four regular publications – CANOPY International, Sylvatrop, RISE, and DENR Recommends. These publications contain artilces on the management, utilization, protection, and conservation of the country’s environment and natural resources.

Research Sector Management Conference

For the continuous improvement of the management and operations of the DENR RDE system, ERDB spearheaded the conduct of three sectoral conferences (February 27-March 3 College, Laguna; July 11-14 College, Laguna; and December 10-13 Iloilo City). Participants included all regional techical directors for research, division chiefs, ERDB officials, and the national technical coordinators for the five banner programs as well as representatives from other DENR sectors.


The ERDB was created to put R and D concerns in the mainstream of DENR activities. It was the former Forest Research Institute (FORI) combined with the National Mangrove Committee of the DENR and

with the mandated Executive Order No. 192 in 1987, the ERDB became the research arm of the DENR. The ERDB has the following mandates:

l Formulate and recommend an integrated R and D program relating to Philippine ecosystems and natural resources such as minerals, lands, forests, as holistic and interdisciplinary fields of inquiry;

l Assist the DENR Secretary in determining a system of priorities for the allocation of resources to various technological research programs of the department;

l Provide technical assistance in the regional implementation and monitoring of aforementioned research programs;

l Generate technologies and provide scientific assistance on research and development of technologies relevant to the sustainable uses of Philippine ecosystems and natural resources; and

l Assist the DENR Secretary in the evaluation of the effectiveness of the implementation of the integrated research program.

Together with the DENR Ecosystems Research and Development Service (ERDS), located in the different regions all over the country, the ERDB generates technologies that are intended for the sustainable management of the Philippine ecosystem, namely: (a) forest ecosystem, (b) upland farms ecosystems, (c) grassland and degraded areas ecosystems, (d) coastal zone and freshwater ecosystems, and (e) urban ecosystem. The DENR Research Sector, therefore, provides relevant technologies and research-based information so that our natural resources will be more productive and sustainable, with the ultimate goal of improving the quality of life of the Filipino people.

Background

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R, D and EAccomplishments

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R, D and E Accomplishments


Rehabilitation of marginal lands using selected indigenous species with mycorrhizal inoculation

Researchers planted indigenous forest tree species instead of introducing exotic tree species to a physically and chemically degraded area. This is because the indigenous trees have a better chance of surviving the local environment. Mycorrhiza was used as growth development enhancer to augment the growing capability of selected plant species.

Five indigenous species, namely: narra, agoho, batino, kupang, and Benguet pine were inoculated with three kinds of endomycorrhizal fungi of the genera Glomus during the potting stage in the nursery phase. Height and diameter of the seedlings were measured after two weeks and every month thereafter for the next six months. Then, data on root, shoot, total biomass, and root/shoot ratio were assessed prior to outplanting of seedlings for the field trials. Quarterly growth measurements were made for a period of 18 months.

Analysis of data on nursery growth after six months showed that mycorrhiza collected from Negros Occidental and Quezon Province had significant effect on the survival, height, and diameter growth of all the species. Field trials data, on the other hand, showed that for all the species, inoculated seedlings had

Seedlings of (a) Benguet pine, (b) narra, (c) agoho, and (d) batino inoculated with mycorrhiza showed favorable growth performance in the mined-out area.

Mine-waste area of BC-Bago in Antamok, Itogon, Benguet prior to rehabilitation.

Completed Studies

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better survival, height, and diameter growth during the first six months in the field compared to those that were not inoculated.

Field measurements for the next 9-10 months revealed that for narra trials, uninoculated seedlings had low growth and survival mean values while seedlings inoculated with mycorrhiza from Mabini, Negros Occidental (T2), and Atimonan, Quezon (T3) gave the highest mean growth and survival rates. In the case of batino, uninoculated seedlings also had the lowest growth and survival values while those that were treated with inoculants from Atimonan, Quezon (T3) and Dagohoy, Bohol (T4) resulted in higher mean growth and survival rates. For kupang, seedlings treated with the inoculant from Dagohoy, Bohol (T4) gave the highest growth and survival mean values which is significantly different from other treatments. For agoho and Benguet pine, statistical analysis of field data showed that there is no significant difference between inoculated and uninoculated seedlings in terms of growth and survival. However, inoculated seedlings for both species gave higher mean values in height, diameter, and survival.

A documentation of the marginal forest litter collectors and vendors at the Makiling Forest Reserve: Deriving hypotheses from human-environment interface

A study on the marginal forest litter gathering within the Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve was undertaken from May 2006 to May 2007 to document and generate testable hypotheses on how the human dimension interfaces with the environment in pursuit of economic benefits. More specifically, the project aimed to: 1) determine the socio-economic characteristics of forest litter collectors and vendors in the area as well as gender disaggregation of tasks in the collection, processing, and vending of forest litter; 2) identify the plant species and plant parts collected; and 3) come up with implications for further research and some policy recommendations related to forest litter collection.

Plant species and parts collected and used for handicrafts and novelties in the vicinities of the Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve were identified. Data gathering activities on the socioeconomic dimension involved the use of Focus Group Discussion (FGD), one-on-one interviews, and personal observation. These

Forest litter such as flowers, seeds, seed pods, twigs, leaves, and branches are used as raw materials in making handicraft and novelty items.

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factors that affect farm productivity include: water availability, pests and diseases, climate or inclement weather, and limited farm input. The initial potential carrying capacity was computed at 36.1 which indicates that

were conducted at the Jamboree Site, Los Baños, Laguna where most of the forest litter collectors reside. It is also the place where these respondents process and sell the final products. Other observations and consultations were done in Manila market outlets of raw or processed forest litter.

A total of 24 species from 15 families comprise the number of plants usually collected within the area. Plant parts that were collected include fruits, flowers, pods, leaves, twigs, and branches. A total enumeration (56 respondents) of known collectors from Jamboree Site was considered in the interview. Respondents’ age ranged from 10 to 75 years old. Of these, 41%

ERDB researchers interview an entrepreneur (center) of forest litter products.

were 40-59 years old, 36% were 20-29 years old, and 23% were either 70 and above or below 20 years old. Majority (80%) of the respondents were females. Most of them (79%) considered forest litter as a major source of income which amounts to PhP 3,000 to PhP 8,000 per month. Respondents said that peak of forest litter collection is from January to May. This is the best time for them to collect, dry, and store the litter properly. They also collect forest litter after typhoons. Perception and attitude responses of gatherers were analyzed using the Likert Scaling System. Results showed that from the point of view of gatherers, the ecological status of the Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve is still in good condition and that collection of forest litter does not impair the integrity of the Reserve. In effect, forest litter gathering is a sustainable income source. The management group of the Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve agrees that forest litter gathering is not a problem in the area compared with kaingin farmers.

Researchers of the study generated the following hypotheses which can be tested in other forest areas:

• Forestlittergatheringisaviablesourceofincomebecauseofthedemandfor various forest-based handicrafts and novelty items.

• Forestlittergathering,processingandvendingisasuitablealternativelivelihood particularly for men, women, and the youth.

• Forestlitterformspartofnon-woodforest-basedproductsandcollectionneeds to be regulated considering its high market potential both locally and internationally.

Forest litter is an alternative source of livelihood for some upland dwellers in Mt. Makiling.

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Market potential of bamboo shoots and engineered bamboo

This project was a joint undertaking of the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), the Philippine Council for Forestry, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD), and the Ecosystems Research and Development Bureau (ERDB). It aimed to determine the market potentials of bamboo shoots and engineered bamboo.

The study was undertaken in Regions 1, 4, 10, and 11 where bamboo is most abundant. Research findings showed that there is a potential demand for engineered bamboo but the existing products need further improvement and links to markets have to be established and strengthened. While market opportunities are open for engineered bamboo, local and foreign buyers are apprehensive of the inherent characteristics of bamboo such as its susceptibility to insect attacks and presence of nodes that affect the design of products. As far as bamboo shoots are concerned, hotels and restaurants accredited by the Department of Tourism (DOT) use these but to a limited extent. The preference of their customers, the nationality of the guests, and the menu prepared by the hotel or restaurant chef are some of the factors affecting the consumption for bamboo shoots.

Thailand bamboo (Thyrostachys siamensis) is one of the edible bamboo shoots which has a superior quality.

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ERDB is implementing five banner programs that aim to support the technical needs of the DENR’s forest, mines, protected areas, and environment management sectors.

Vulnerability assessment of priority watersheds in the Philippines

This program aims to identify priority hazards and critical factors affecting the vulnerability of watersheds for the development of corresponding disaster preparedness and mitigating measures by the DENR, LGUs, and other stakeholders.

Researchers from ERDB and ERDS have started the assessment of 27 watersheds. As of September 2007, two vulnerability assessments were completed in Tignoan Watershed in Real, Quezon conducted by ERDB, and in Luyang Watershed in Carmen, Cebu under the leadership of ERDS-Region 7. The vulnerability assessment of Pudong Watershed in Kapangan, Benguet of the Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) was likewise completed through the joint undertaking of ERDB and ERDS-CAR.

Regions 4A and 6 were able to complete their work and submitted the required terminal reports. The reports were reviewed by the ERDB Technical Review Board. Information in the reports will be used as inputs in the preparation of land use management and disaster report plan of LGUs, and in the watershed management plan of the DENR Forestry Sector.

Technical staff from ERDB and seven regional offices in Luzon were provided with a training-workshop on Geographic Information System (GIS) using MANIFOLD software last August 28-31, 2007 at the ERDB Auditorium. The training enhanced the capacity of the national and regional teams on the application of geospatial technology to vulnerability assessment and mapping of watersheds.

Banner Programs

A portion of Pudong Watershed in Kapangan, Benguet where ERDB conducts vulnerability assessment.

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Determination of carrying capacity (CARCAP) of various areas for resource conservation, ecotourism, and sustainable development

This banner program aims to determine the carrying capacity of selected priority areas or sites in protected areas (PA), community-based forest management (CBFM) project sites, Coastal Environment Program sites in small island ecosystem (CEP/SI), and grazing lands (GL) for sustainable resource use, biodiversity conservation and protection, and ecotourism development. Results of CARCAP studies will provide scientific basis in policy formulation for the sustainable management of PAs, CBFM, CEP/SI, and GL.

Through the CARCAP program, ERDB intends to develop the capability of concerned DENR staff involved in carrying capacity assessment. The First National Training-Workshop on Carrying Capacity Data Computation, Analysis, and Model Formulation was conducted in November 2007. It was attended by selected CARCAP national program team members and some ERDB representatives. The training-workshop acquainted the participants on basic statistical concepts and principles prior to the application of Boullon’s CARCAP mathematical model. It also enhanced and developed the CARCAP team’s capabilities in computing the CARCAP of various types of sites or areas as well as model formulation utilizing secondary materials, and primary data about the concerned sites or areas. Participants had hands-on data encoding, analysis, and model formulation which they will apply in their respective regional CARCAP study sites.

The CARCAP program is being implemented with four major components. These are the following:

Regional leveling-off workshop of CARCAP staff in DENR-ERDS CAR, Loakan, Baguio City.

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1. CARCAP – Protected Areas

The project started in June. Initial activities included reconnaissance visits, coordination, leveling-off, and formation of project teams in Region 3 for Mt. Arayat National Park in Pampanga; in Region 5 for Mayon Volcano Natural Park (Lidong Ecopark) in Albay; and in the Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) for Mt. Pulag National Park in Benguet Province.

Primary and secondary data were gathered. Three sets of interview schedules were prepared for each PA: one for visitors, one for the community, and one for park managers. These were pre-tested before the actual interview with respondents in priority regions and in other regions whose ERDS opted to conduct CARCAP assessment like Regions 1, 11, and 12. Secondary data were gathered from existing and available literature.

Researchers have started mapping some of the attraction sites in Mt. Pulag, Mt. Arayat, and Manleluag Springs Protected Landscape. In the sites, trekking and swimming are the major recreational activities. In Regions 5, 11, 12, and CAR, focus was on trekking, camping, and ecological tour.

CARCAP National Technical Coordinator Lope A. Calanog conducts lecture on carrying capacity in Region 3.

A preliminary analysis of the situation was done in Mt. Arayat National Park. Some parts of the recreational parks were privately-owned which limit the control of the park in its entirety. The operation of business enterprises such as food stall, souvenir shops, management of the swimming pools, and the use of shower and comfort rooms are not within the full control of the Protected Area Superintendent (PASU).

Seventy five respondents were interviewed. These include 35 visitors, 35 community residents, and 5 PAMB members including the PASU. Data gathered on visitors’ profile was limited because the schedule of interviews fell on a rainy season with only few visitors.

For Mt. Pulag National Park, 95 respondents were interviewed. These include 25 park managers, 30 community

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residents, and 40 visitors. Tabulation and collation of primary and secondary data collection are ongoing. A writeshop for the preliminary result was conducted on December 10-13, 2007 at the ERDS-CAR regional office. Some of the limiting factors initially identified were the number of facilities like waiting sheds and pits, and the visibility or foggy condition of the park which limits viewing time.

For Mayon Volcano Natural Park, 45 respondents were interviewed. These include 10 park managers, 15 visitors, and 20 community residents.

2. CARCAP – Community-Based Forest Management sites

The project officially commenced in June. Coordination and consultation with field counterparts and formation of project teams were among the initial activities undertaken. Researchers conducted reconnaissance and leveling-off for the priority sites in Juanay, Manipis, Talisay City in Region 7; Gaboc Hill, Manolo Fortich, Bukidnon in Region 10; and Northern Balong Farmers Association (NBFA), Balong Tabuk, Kalinga as additional site in CAR. Initial interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted in Cebu and Bukidnon.

Survey instruments were revised and the gender aspect of the CARCAP-CBFM component was incorporated. Interviews with target respondents and secondary data gathering were done in all project sites. To date, a total of 112 CBFM members of Arthur’s Farmers Organization (AFO) in Cebu was interviewed. FGD in Region 10 was also undertaken. Preliminary training was conducted focusing on data analysis, interpretation, coding and coding design, and CARCAP computation. It was held in Regions 7 and 10.

For the CBFM project in CAR, respondents were interviewed using the revised survey instrument intended for CARCAP-CBFM. Three sets of data were gathered: farmers’ profile, CBFM profile, and the limiting factors. FGD was conducted to validate data gathered through interviews. Identified limiting

The CBFM area of the Arthur’s Farmers Organization (AFO) is one of the selected sites for ERDB’s carrying capacity studies.

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only 36 farmer-beneficiaries can be contained in the 87-ha CBFM area at 2.42 ha standard area requirement per CBFM family.

3. CARCAP – Grazing Lands

Initial coordination was undertaken with the concerned ERDS office, followed by the establishment of sampling quadrants in Umingan, Pangasinan (Region 1) and Diffun, Quirino (Region 2). Technical assistance was extended in Catanauan and San Narciso, Quezon (Region 4). Regular monitoring of the status of plant growth as well as monthly collection of herbage production and composite soil samples were done in Diffun, Quirino. Periodic assessment of identified land and pasture grasses was also implemented in Catanauan and San Narciso, Quezon.

4. CARCAP – Coastal Environment Program sites in Small Islands

The survey instrument for CARCAP-PA was used for CEP sites in small islands since most of them are protected areas and are used for ecotourism purposes.

Interview of respondents and secondary data gathering were already started in Siargao Island (Region 13). Secondary data were also gathered in Agutayan, Jasaan, Misamis Oriental.

Rehabilitation and ecological restoration of marginal and degraded landscapes and seascapes

This banner program intends to develop appropriate technologies to rehabilitate highly degraded areas, i.e., abandoned mines, denuded or eroded areas, mangrove areas or coastal zones. It also aims to formulate recommendations on the adoption of verified technologies.

Researchers have already gathered technologies for inclusion in the compendia of six ecosystems, namely: mine-waste areas, coastal areas, critical watersheds, urban areas, uplands, and grazing areas. The first draft of the

Mine-waste dump of Manila Mining Company in Placer, Surigao del Norte needs urgent bio-engineering and engineering to abate mass movement of rock minerals downstream.

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An effective way of propagating bignai, an indigenous forest tree, is through the use of its seeds.

compendia for the first three ecosystems (mining, coastal, and critical watersheds) was prepared. Site assessment activities were started and priority mining rehabilitation demonstration sites were initially selected. These include Lafayette Mining Company in Rapurapu, Albay (Region 5); Maricalum Mining Company in Sipalay, Negros Occidental (Region 6); and Manila Mining Company in Placer, Surigao del Norte (CARAGA Region). For coastal areas, priority sites for the pilot testing of rehabilitation procedures include Tagudin, Ilocos Sur (Region 1); Bauang, La Union (Region 1); Sibonga, Cebu (Region 7); and Caguyao, Bislig Bay, Surigao del Norte (Region 13).

Development strategies for the production of quality planting materials

About 443 indigenous and 970 exotic quality tree species are being verified, marked, and assessed nationwide. These sources of quality seeds for planting stock production of demand-driven species in the area are strategically located in various regions of the country. Other new seed sources of indigenous and exotic species were also identified. These will be verified and assessed in CY 2008.

For protocol development, trials were made to determine appropriate propagation methods. Experiments involved sexual propagation or the use of seeds or wildlings; and asexual propagation or the application of tissue culture, marcotting, grafting or cuttings.

ERDB has been working on the tissue culture for bagras and propagation using seeds and cuttings of two bignai varieties. In addition, ERDS researchers are developing protocols for the following species: bantigui, narek, balakat, batikuling, sacat, batino, agoho del norte, dao, molave, kamagong, dangula, mamalis, toog, saraca, kamuning, adelfa, beach agoho, Cebu cinnamon, tawalis, malasantol, and Philippine oak.

The Research Sector aims to upgrade the quality of seed sources in the regions. It will start with narra, molave, and yemane. ERDS sent quality seeds of the said species to ERDB. The Bureau shall take the lead in

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establishing provenance-progeny trials using the seeds of narra in Luzon, molave in Visayas, and yemane in Mindanao.

National Information, Education and Communication and Capacity Enhancement

The Research Sector stepped up its technology transfer and social mobilization efforts using the tri-media and extension channels. These initiatives were

Title of the Article Name of NewspaperDate

Published

Yemane, a good CO2 absorbent Philippine Star Jan 7

Butterfly farming is profitable Philippine Star July 8

Green roofs keep cities cooler Philippine Star Aug 6

Efforts on to protect vanishing Mindoro Pine Philippine Star Oct 1

Kidapawan rubber farm gets foreign grant Philippine Star Oct 5

Vine plantation boosts weaving industry Malaya Oct 5

Government program to save Mindoro Pine underway Malaya Oct 11

Saving the Mindoro Pine Manila Bulletin Oct 11

Mt. Banahaw development on Manila Bulletin Nov 6

Government moves to save vanishing tree Manila Standard Dec 11

Table 1. ERDB press releases published in national dailies. carried out through five project components.

Component 1: Media linkage for ENR technologies

ERDB’s press releases on important research findings were published in national dailies like Philippine Star, Manila Bulletin, Manila Standard, and Malaya. The articles published in the newspapers were about Mindoro pine, balakat trees, bamboo, labtang plantation establishment, para rubber trees, tiger grass farming, anahaw, green roofs, tikog, rattan, butterfly farming, and mangroves. These news releases were also aired over radio stations.

Through press releases, the Research Sector hopes to reach a wider range of audience who will adopt ENR technologies designed to improve the environment and people’s lives.

Component 2: Poster production for exhibits

ERDB spearheaded the production of 17 posters showing the various ENR technologies being promoted by the Research Sector. ERDB and each of the 16 ERDS offices contributed one technology to complete the set of posters, as follows:

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Region 1 – Labtang plantation establishment and maintenanceRegion 2 – Gmelina seed production areaRegion 3 – Nipa plantation establishment and maintenanceRegion 4A – Mangroves: Calabarzon’s prideRegion 4B – Saving Mindoro pineRegion 5 – Anahaw plantation establishment and maintenanceRegion 6 – Mangrove nursery establishmentRegion 7 – Honeybee keepingRegion 8 – Tikog plantation establishment and managementRegion 9 – Bagalunga plantation establishment and managementRegion 10 – Butterfly farmingRegion 11 – Bamboo (laak) as a livelihood in the uplandsRegion 12 – Rattan plantation establishment and maintenanceCAR – Tiger grass farming under a Benguet pine plantationNCR – Solid waste management for a cleaner environmentCARAGA – Marcrosomatic clonal propagationERDB – Biomass and carbon sequestration of gmelina

These posters were displayed in different exhibits of the ERDB and ERDS to promote ENR technologies nationwide.

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Component 3: Production of a common publication

The Research Sector produced a common publication called the “ENR Techno Bulletin”. Most ERDS offices were able to produce the Techno Bulletin and distributed copies to their clientele as a way of creating public awareness and raising interest on ENR research and technologies. Some ERDS offices, opted to regularly contribute R and D-related articles to the existing newsletter of their Regional Public Affairs Office.

Component 4: Technology promotion

To promote ENR technologies, ERDB and ERDS held consensus-building activities with local government units (LGUs). They offered trainings on technologies that the communities need. As a result, two trainings were held. One was on the charcoal briquetting technology for the Municipal Agriculture Office of Tigaon, Camarines Sur held in September. Another training was about ENR values orientation conducted for the PG-ENRO of Lucena City in December. Distribution of IEC materials was done as a complimentary promotion activity. A matrix of the Research Sector’s best practices was prepared based on the submitted reports of the ERDS.

Component 5: Monitoring of technology adoption

ERDB continued to monitor the adoption of four technologies. For the year under review, adopters were interviewed using a questionnaire to gather their feedback on the process of application and usefulness of the following technologies that they adopted:

• Charcoalbriquettingtechnology

The DENR charcoal briquettes are biofuels produced from wood and nonwood biomass and cellulosic wastes. It can reduce cutting of forest trees for fuel wood, enhances resource recovery from agroforestry wastes, and creates a cheap source of fuel for domestic and industrial uses.

Fourteen adopters of this technology were interviewed. Eleven of them have stopped production due to lack of market for their products. But the

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This charcoal briquetting machine is used in producing the inexpensive biofuels.

Some bamboo species that can serve as ornamental plants for landscaping.

Malapapaya can be used in the

manufacture of wooden

containers that can replace some nonbiodegradable packing materials.

other three are still successfully operating. These respondents said that they delivered the briquettes to supermarkets, local sari-sari stores, and to the Food Terminal, Inc. in Taguig, Rizal. Some foreign investors offered to export the briquettes but the respondent-producers cannot yet meet the tons of orders being proposed. • Malapapayaseedtechnology

This technology paved the way for the mass propagation of malapapaya seedlings. Malapapaya is a forest tree. Its wood is primarily used for fancy woodwork, wooden shoes, matchsticks, pencil slats, lollipop and popsicle sticks, ice cream spoons, boxes, crates, and food containers. It is also a good material for plywood. Malapapaya wood can replace plastics, styrofoams, and other non-biodegradable packing materials that are pollutive to the environment. Four respondents who adopted this technology have already propagated malapapaya seedlings and used these to establish plantations. They are looking forward to a good yield and income as a result of using the technology.

• Bamboopropagationandplantationestablishment

The technology promotes the use of culm cuttings in mass propagating major commercial bamboo species, i.e., kawayan-tinik, kawayan-kiling, bayog, and bolo. These may be planted directly in the plantation or raised in the nursery. Seven respondents who adopted this technology were interviewed. Four of them established a bambusetum where they planned to put up eco-tourism or eco-destination areas for students, teachers, researchers, and travelers. One ventured in bamboo business. The other engaged in landscaping subdivisions using bamboo; and the last one adopted the technology for stream bank stabilization and soil erosion control in riverbanks.

• Clonalpropagationtechnologyfordipterocarps

The use of cuttings to propagate dipterocarp trees may yet be one of the cornerstone technologies to reforest, thereby recover genetic resources and cut through the dwindling supply of wood. The non-mist system can

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ERDB conducts training-workshops to capacitate implementors of ERDB’s banner programs.

be considered as the most practical clonal propagation technique that is applicable to Philippine dipterocarps because it does not require water systems. Since most of the forest nurseries of the country are located far from established water systems, the mistless system best suits conditions where water needs to be manually collected.

One of the clients who adopted this technology is the National Power Corporation (NPC) in Caliraya, Laguna. ERDB provided planting materials of apitong, bagtikan, guijo, batikuling, white lauan, and other trees from its dipterocarp clonal nursery ten years ago. These were planted at the Japanese Garden in Caliraya. The trees beautify the area and serve as the buffer zone of the Caliraya Watershed. Similarly, the Laguna Lake Management Office (LLMO) in Muntinlupa City adopted the technology by planting trees in the coastal area. ERDB provided the planting materials including putat, auriculiformis, bangkal, mahogany, bauhinia, and other species suitable for water-logged areas. LLMO’s output was part of the Clean and Green Program of the City Government of Muntinlupa.

Component 6: Capacity enhancement

This component was implemented to enhance the capability of the implementors of the five banner programs. These training-workshops include the following: (1) application of GIS using MANIFOLD software for vulnerability assessment of watersheds; (2) carrying capacity data computation analysis and model; (3) pilot demonstration for mined-out and coastal areas; (4) production of quality planting materials; (5) photography, production of posters, news and feature writing and (6) development and implementation of the ENR extension program. In the post-training evaluations, most participants indicated that the training-workshops helped capacitate them in the project implementation and at the same time trained them as resource persons of ENR technologies.

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Diameter measurement of a ten-year-old falcata to determine its biomass and carbon sequestration capacity.

Ongoing Projects

Biomass and carbon sequestration of plantation forest tree species in the Philippines

Aboveground biomass prediction equations will be developed for the whole tree and component parts using tree variables such as diameter and height. ERDB assessed 29 bagras and 19 falcata tree samples. Results showed that the total green biomass of falcata ranged from 14.3 kg to 1,136.1 kg while its oven-dried weight ranged from 6.54 kg to 594.85 kg. On the other hand, the total green biomass of bagras ranged from 10.7 kg to 285.3 kg. Its oven-dried weight ranged from 2.42 kg to 125.13 kg. On the average, a bagras tree has 47.20% stored carbon in its dry mass.

Biomass and carbon sequestration of Jatropha curcas L. in plantation

The study was implemented to provide basic information for accurate and reliable estimations of the biomass and amount of carbon being sequestered in J. curcas. For CY 2007, 133 tree samples of J. curcas were assessed. A total of 399 composite samples was taken from the roots, leaves, stems, and branches. The samples were oven-dried and moisture content was determined (rephase determination and processing prior to carbon analysis). Preliminary results of the carbon analysis showed the following carbon content of J. curcas: root – 41.4%, branch – 44.6%, and foliage – 41.8 %. The average amount of stored carbon in the dry mass of J. curcas is 42.6%.

Silvicultural management practices for the sustained production of quality rattan for the furniture and handicraft industries

A silvicultural management system will be developed to ensure sustainable cane production in rattan plantations. Researchers gathered data on several

ERDB studies the capacity of Jatropha curcas to absorb carbon.

Aside from the banner programs, ERDB continued to implement 13 other R and D-related projects in support to the DENR’s General Plan of Action. Three of these projects were regularly funded and ten were funded by collaborating organizations.

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growth and sustainability indicators, namely: number of new suckers produced, monthly growth increment of new suckers, and species assessment on reproduction plots.

Ninety sample clumps in Baybay, Leyte were subjected to mounding and harvesting (0%, 30%, and 60%) treatments. Results revealed that clumps subjected to 30% harvesting had 20-40 suckers or an average of 30 suckers. Harvesting intensity of 30% on clumps that were mounded had the greatest average of suckers while the least number of suckers was found on 60% harvesting without mounding treatment. The average growth increment of suckers in three blocks was recorded at 3.3 cm.

In Malaybalay, Bukidnon, clumps that were subjected to 30% harvesting intensity had suckers between 205 and 134 or an average of 170 suckers. The most number of suckers with an average of more than 78 was obtained from clumps that were mounded and subjected to 60% harvesting intensity. Clumps that were not subjected to harvesting and mounding had the least number of suckers with an average of over 35 only.

Demonstration and application of production technologies for rattan sustainable development in the ASEAN member countries [ITTO PD 334/5 Rev. 2 (I)]

This ITTO-funded project which started in April 2006 aims to strengthen ASEAN collaboration that would promote the sustainability of rattan resources through demonstration and application of rattan production and utilization technologies to uplift the socioeconomic status of local communities.

Pilot demonstration establishment was monitored in the ASEAN countries such as Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR), Indonesia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. Most countries participating in the conduct of pilot demonstration have proceeded with the nursery and plantation establishment except for Myanmar and Thailand. Component leaders, with inputs from technical consultants, have pursued the development of the sustainability plan for the project.

The project staff have also been active in the exchange of information regarding rattan production and utilization technologies in Vietnam, Philippines,

Deamonorops ochrolepis, a rattan species used as nontimber forest product.

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Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Indonesia. A rattan forum in Bicol, Philippines was held to strengthen collaboration with NGOs and other related government agencies (e.g., LGUs). The memorandum of understanding among ASEAN implementing agencies and collaborators was already signed. Stakeholders in the ASEAN countries (e.g., Vietnam, Philippines, Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Indonesia) were provided with training on rattan production technologies (nursery and planting stock production and plantation establishment and management) and utilization technologies (treatments, kiln drying, finishing, and bleaching). Research funds were also provided to address gaps in rattan conservation. The first and second issues of RATTANewsletter, the official newsletter of the project, were produced and distributed.

The project also facilitated the finalization of the draft bill on rattan by Cong. Dato Arroyo. The draft bill pushes for the creation and institutionalization of a national rattan program for the sustainable development of this species.

Genetic evaluation of forest trees and non-wood forest species

ERDB aims to assess the genetic diversity of existing seed production areas (SPAs), potential indigenous native forest trees, and non-wood forest species such as bamboo and rattan. Assessment will be based on their genetic make-up and performance.

Project activities included field collection and laboratory work. Leaf specimens were collected, one non-wood forest tree species (limuran) and one forest tree species (molave). In Regions 1, 3, and 4, 126 molave trees were selected and permanently numbered with paint. These were the sources of leaf samples for the genetic analysis of molave. Sixty clumps of limuran were also selected. These clumps were numbered using tags to indicate that leaflet samples were taken.

Leaf specimens were collected from each tree and clumps were measured. Complete specimens such as leaves, canes, flagellum, mature fruits and other parts were collected for the limuran herbarium collection. Molave leaves and fruits were also taken to represent each sampled tree and to serve as future reference for validation. Researchers recorded the morphological characteristics of the trees where the specimens were taken. The collection of 95 specimens

Collection of healthy and young narra shoots/branches as source of leaf samples for molecular analysis.

Grinding of pre-cut leaf samples using liquid nitrogen.

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Leaf samples were taken from selected molave trees for the genetic analysis.

(65 molave and 30 limuran) was done. The leaf samples were stored in the ultra-low biofreezer at the Forest Molecular Laboratory while the herbarium specimens were brought to the botany laboratory for further treatment and/or curation. Samples of narra, Benguet pine, palasan, molave, and limuran were stored in the ultra-low biofreezer for DNA and isozyme analyses.

Fine strips were produced by cutting frozen leaf samples of Benguet pine collected from Benguet, Nueva Ecija, and Bukidnon; molave collected from Pangasinan; and both palasan and limuran collected from Quezon. A total of 500 samples (Benguet pine–240, molave–100, palasan–100 and limuran–60) were processed and stored in the ultra-low biofreezer. A total of 200 pre-cut samples of Benguet pine needles (140 samples), narra leaf strips collected in Iloilo and in Caniaw, Santa, Ilocos Sur (60 samples) were ground using liquid nitrogen at the molecular laboratories of the Institute of Biological Sciences and the Institute of Plant Breeding of the University of the Philippines Los Baños (UPLB). The samples were contained in eppendorf tubes and stored in the ultra-low biofreezer prior to DNA extraction. Isozyme analysis was also done.

Preliminary results obtained from starch gel electrophoresis of 40 individuals of narra collected in Cebu was presented in a poster titled “Genetic variation within the population of narra seed stands in Minglanilla, Cebu using isozyme analysis” for the UPLB-College of Forestry and Natural Resources Alumni Exhibit held on April 28-29.

Results of the analysis involving three enzyme systems, namely: acid phosphatase (ACPH), esterase (EST), and malic enzyme (ME) produced eight presumptive loci (ACPH-1, ACPH-2, ACPH-3, EST-1, EST-2, EST-3, ME-1 and ME-2). Each locus was controlled by one or two alleles, S and F. Low genetic variation within population was observed using the three enzymes (proportion of polymorphic loci is 0.5; average number of alleles per locus is 1.5, and mean heterozygosity is 0.166). Further analysis shall be done to test more isozymes on a wider population of narra. DNA was also extracted from samples of Benguet pine which were previously powdered using liquid nitrogen. This activity was made possible thru the joint UPLB-DENR research project titled “Assessment of genetic diversity of Pinus kesiya growing in the Philippines using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers” under the UPLB

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Basic Research Program. The project was led by Dr. Marilyn Quimado with Dr. Aida Baja-Lapis as collaborating scientist. DNA analysis and data interpretation is underway.

Other activities included the improvement of laboratory facilities and water distillation for the tissue culture, chemistry, pathology, and soils laboratories of ERDB.

Determination of growth, structure, and composition of dipterocarp forest for the second cutting cycle

This PCARRD-funded project aims to develop growth and yield models for dipterocarp and nondipterocarp tree species and selected nontimber species needed by the furniture and handicraft industry. Three 1-ha permanent growth plots were established in 2005 in the Surigao Development Corporation (SUDECOR), a Timber License Agreement (TLA) holder in Carmen, Surigao del Sur. In 2006, another three permanent growth plots were established in the Industries Development Corporation (IDC), an Industrial Forest Management Agreement (IFMA) holder in Casiguran, Aurora. All trees with a diameter at breast height (dbh) of 5 cm and over were tallied in each plot. Initial measurements of the dbh, merchantable height (MH) for trees 15 cm dbh and over, and total height (TH) were undertaken upon establishment.

In 2007, second re-measurement of the plots in SUDECOR on a per-hectare basis revealed the following information: • Therewere865treeswith5cmandoverindbh;310(36%)ofwhich

were dipterocarps and 555 (64%) were nondipterocarps.• Thedominantdipterocarpspeciesweremayapis,redlauan,andnarig.

Dominant nondipterocarps include ulayan, sagimsim, and hindang.• Treeswithadiameterof5-30cmcomprise87%;thosewith40-60cm

diameter account for 12% and those with a diameter of 70 cm and up account for 1%.

• Ofthetotalvolumeof566cum,54%had40-60cmdbh;25%hadadbhof 70 cm and up; and 21% had 5-30 cm dbh.

• Twoyearsafterestablishment,twoingrowthsand28mortalitieswererecorded, reducing the number of trees from 891 to 865.

The diameter of a large red lauan (Shorea nagrosensis) left after logging inside Plot A in SUDECOR, Surigao del Sur.

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Part of the established one-hectare plot in Carmen, Surigao del Sur.

In the IDC area, the first re-measurement on a per-hectare basis was done in March 2007 with the following information:

• Therewere682trees;71%werenondipterocarpsand29%dipterocarps.• Thedominantdipterocarpspeciesincludedtanguile,mayapis,andred

lauan; dominant nondipterocarps were ulayan, bitanghol, and hamindang.• Intermsofdiameterdistribution,treeswith5-30cmdbhdominate(87%);

trees with 40-60 cm dbh comprise 12%; and those with dbh of 70 cm and up accounted for only 1%.

• Ofthetotalvolumeof89.86cum,59%had40-60cmdbh;31%had5-30 cm dbh; and 10% had a dbh of 70 cm and up. Per species group, the dipterocarps had 47.69 cu m while nondipterocarps had 42.17 cu m.

• Noingrowthwasobservedbutrecordedmortalityreached39,bringingdown the initial total of 721 trees to 682. The causal factors included typhoon and logging (extraction and road construction).

Mass production of Jatropha curcas L. through tissue culture

A total of 1,091 J. curcas seedlings are being maintained in the ERDB Nursery. These will serve as sources of explants for the development of protocol for mass propagation of J. curcas through tissue culture.

Sterilization procedures suitable for seed, node, and leaf explants were developed. The procedure involved the use of hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, and fungicide.

Culture media treatments for shoot induction and multiplication contained different combinations and concentrations of the hormones benzyl adenine (BA), kinetin, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indolebutyric acid (IBA), indole acetic acid (IAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), and gibberellic acid. Shoot development from nodal and leaf explants was observed in treatments containing BA, kinetin, and NAA but the number of shoots produced was limited. On the other hand, treatments with BA plus IAA showed production of multiple shoots (10-15) from leaf explants. Rooting trial of shoots was done successfully.

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Growth performance of paulownia for alternative wood raw materials

Researchers continued to monitor the growth performance of Paulownia planted in Itogon, Benguet; Loakan, Baguio City; and Sariaya, Quezon. Growth assessment and evaluation showed that paulownia performs well in Sariaya, Quezon. Growth measurement showed that the average height of the two-year-old Paulownia tomentosa x Paulownia fortunei found in Itogon, Benguet was 35.38 cm while the average basal diameter was 8.3 mm. In Loakan, Baguio City, the average height was 73.82 cm, while the average basal diameter was 11.06 mm. In Sariaya, Quezon, the average height was 5.71 m, while the average basal diameter was 12 cm.

Ecosystems approach in the assessment of the impacts of herbicide-tolerant corn on wild biodiversity in corn production systems in selected areas in Luzon, Philippines

This three-year project was implemented in March 2006 and is premised on the following hypotheses: (1) adoption of the package of technology for herbicide tolerant (Ht) corn will result in weed shifts and reduce weed populations (negative impact); (2) decline in weed population and seed abundance will cause a decline in avian fauna particularly the seed-and-insect-eaters commonly associated with agriculture, hence, a decline in wild biodiversity (negative impact); and (3) adoption of minimum tillage practices as prescribed in the package of technology for Ht corn will improve soil conditions and reduce soil erosion, which is likely to improve crop yield (positive impact). The project covers the corn-corn production system as practiced in Tigaon, Camarines Sur (Region 5) and the rice-corn production system in Magalang and Arayat, Pampanga (Region 3). The experimental sites are located close to known centers of biodiversity, namely, Mt. Isarog National Park and Mt. Arayat National Park. Five hectares each of conventional hybrid corn (DK 818) and Ht corn (DK 818 Round-up Ready) were initially established during the wet season planting in Tigaon, Camarines Sur by way of partnership and sharing of resources with local farmers in the area. Similar approach was adopted in Magalang and Arayat, Pampanga. Data collection commenced during the rice season.

Paulownia trees considered as source of wood raw materials have been found to grow well in Sariaya, Quezon.

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The vegetative stage of corn, representing the lowland rice-corn production system in the experimental site at Brgy. Turu, Magalang, Pampanga.

The project has completed data collection in three growing seasons (two wet and one dry season) of corn in Tigaon, Camarines Sur and two wet season rice and one dry season corn in Magalang and Arayat, Pampanga. In all of these crop production cycles, farm inputs composed of seeds and a limited number of fertilizers were provided by the project only during the corn-growing periods. The farmers’ equity to the project included labor and their commitment not to change their cropping pattern.

Preliminary data on the three seasons of corn in Tigaon, Camarines Sur revealed comparatively higher species diversity but lower density of weeds in Ht corn field than in conventional corn field. For the wet season (June-September 2006), the range of weed species diversity during the four periods of data collection (i.e., fallow, before first weeding/spraying, before second weeding/spraying, and before harvest) was 0.12 to 0.87 and 0.61 to 2.21 for the conventional and Ht corn fields, respectively. During the dry season (November 2006-April 2007), range of weed species diversity was 0.51 to 1.34 and 0.84 to 1.91 in the conventional and Ht corn field, respectively. For the succeeding wet season (June to October 2007), species diversity ranged from 0.81 to 2.16 in the Ht corn field and 0.16 to 0.49 in the conventional corn field. The most dominant species in all stages was Rottboellia conchinchinensis.

In Pampanga, weed species diversity of the wet season rice (June-November 2006) obtained in three distinct periods of rice growth (i.e., fallow before spraying of herbicide, and before harvest) ranged from 1.71 to 2.60. The

most dominant species for the three successive stages of weed sampling in the conventional corn field were Cynodon dactylon, Alternanthera sessilis, and Ischaemum rugosum, respectively. Eleusine indica, Echinochloa colona and Conyza canadensis were among the common species in the three successive stages of weed sampling in the rice fields that was allotted for Ht corn. On the other hand, weed species diversity during the succeeding dry season corn (December 2006-April 2007) after rice ranged from 2.0 to 2.82 in the conventional corn field. Cynodon dactylon, Physalis angulata and Eleusine indica were the most dominant species during fallow, before first and second weeding, and before harvest, respectively. Weed species diversity in the site planted with Ht corn ranged from 1.63 to 2.4 with Ischaemum rugosum, Portulaca oleraceae and Eleusine indica as the most dominant species during the same stages previously mentioned. For the succeeding wet season rice (June-October 2007), weed species diversity ranged

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from 1.82 to 2.59. Cyperus iria, C. difformis, Ageratum conyzoides, Brachia dystachia, Eleusine indica, and Ischaemum rugosum were among the dominant species identified during the different sampling stages.

Planting for the fourth-season corn in Tigaon, Camarines Sur and second-season corn in Magalang and Arayat, Pampanga after two rice seasons were accomplished.

A comprehensive diagnostic assessment to enhance ecotourism in Barangays Kinabuhayan and Taytay in Mt. Banahaw-San CristobalProtected Landscape (MBSCPL)

This project was implemented in July to assess the general conditions of Barangay Kinabuhayan and Taytay and formulate an ecotourism management plan and strategies to enhance the ecotourism projects in MBSCPL. Initial data gathering was started through interview of target respondents from Barangay Taytay (89) and Kinabuhayan (25). Data gathered include their economic profile, farming system, and ecotourism activities in the two selected sites. Fourteen visitors in Barangay Taytay were also interviewed. Aside from interviews, a focus group discussion among visitors at Taytay Falls was also held.

Effects of reforestation species on the hydrologic behavior of selected watersheds under the National Power Corporation Phase two of the joint project between ERDB and NPC started its implementation in May through a Terms of Reference (TOR) and Memorandum of Agreement (MOA). The project team established experimental plots, conducted vegetation analysis and set up additional gadgets like the hydrological instrument in Buhi, Camarines Sur; Ambuklao, Benguet; and Magat, Isabela. Data from the three sites are being collected. Water and soil samples collected were brought to ERDB for analysis while samples for carbon sequestration were prepared for laboratory analysis.

ERDB is assessing a portion of Mt. Banahaw to improve ecotourism in the area.

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Kandelia candel flowers

The wood of narra tree is among the most sought-after raw materials for furniture making.

Ecology and stand dynamics of Kandelia candel (L) Bruce

The main objective of the project was to determine the ecology and stand dynamics of Kandelia candel. For the past three years, performance of the outplanted seedlings in Pagbilao, Quezon was monitored through periodic growth measurement. Average height and diameter growth were recorded at 58.29 cm and 7.07 mm, respectively. Data on field performance showed that it can also survive in ex-situ environment. Stands in Abulog, Cagayan and Baler, Quezon were continuously monitored to obtain phenological information.

IEC on forest-based raw material production for the furniture and handicraft industries

Data gathering on commercial sources of seeds and seedlings were continued for furniture (mangium, narra, large leaf mahogany, kalantas, kamagong, and dao) and handicraft (tikog, bamboo, and rattan) from Regions 1-10, 12, CAR, and CARAGA. Information on nursery and plantation development were reviewed. Editing of the manual on traditional and alternative tree species for the furniture and handicraft industry was continued. Nursery operators, tree growers, and managers of lumber yards and furniture manufacturing facilities were interviewed. Photo documentation of nurseries, trees in natural stands and plantations, lumber yards, processing facilities, furniture manufacturers, and shops in Cagayan de Oro, Bukidnon, Butuan City, Agusan del Sur, and Surigao del Sur was undertaken. The photos will be included in the manual.

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Gender and DevelopmentWomen’s Month celebration

In celebration of the Women’s Month, the ERDB GAD Focal Point System prepared and spearheaded activities highlighting the role of women in development and environment. This year’s theme was “CEDAW NG BAYAN: KABUHAYAN NG KABABAIHAN!”. The celebration was composed of the following activities:• Launching/openingofWomen’sMonthcelebration2007• Forumonwomeninenvironmentalgovernance• ConductofGisingDiwa• YoungWomen’sPerspectiveonEnvironment:AnArtContest• Seminaronwomenintheworldofinformationtechnology

Other gender advocacy and promotion activities

• Production/reproductionanddistributionofGADIECmaterials;updatingofGAD Bulletin Board

• Exhibiton“GADIECEnvironmentalArtPosters”inUPCFNRduringtheUPCFNR Foundation and Alumni Homecoming in April 2007

• ContinueddraftingandwritingofGADbook• GatheredarticlesfortheGADREACHNewsletterVol.7,No.1.• CoordinatedwiththeSanAntonioElmentarySchoolinLosBaños,Laguna

and Taytay Elementary School in Taytay, Majayjay, Laguna regarding the conduct of Gising Diwa seminar

• GatheredlatestGAD-relatedmaterialsfromNCRFW,USAID,NEDA,Ateneo, and other concerned institutions for reproduction and distribution to clientele

• Providedtechnicalassistanceto different requesting agencies, institutions, academe, LGUs, POs, and other government and non-government organizations

Winners of GAD poster-making contest held at the ERDB Auditorium.

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Gender and Development


Gender research and related GAD R and D activities

One of the GAD’s funded projects was completed during the year. This was the “Documentation of the Marginal Forest Litter Collectors and Vendors in Makiling Forest Reserve: Deriving hypotheses from Human-Environment Interface.”

As a result of mainstreaming GAD research in the Bureau’s banner programs, two studies under GAD funds were approved for implementation during the year. These were “Gender response and complementation in the protected area management and their contribution and impact on carrying capacity of selected sites” and “Gender contribution in improving the carrying capacity of selected CBFM project sites in the Philippines”.

Participation in inter-agency GAD activities

ERDB joined hands with the DENR, the University of the Philippines, the National Commission on the Role of Filipino Women (NCRFW) and the Southern Tagalog Agriculture and Resources Research and Development Consortium (STARDECC) in the organization and implementation of activities that sought to promote gender equality such as seminars, workshops, flora, trainings, and exhibits.

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Gender and Development


Other related activities include attendance to several fora such as: • Training-workshoponharmonizedgenderanddevelopmentguidelines

for selected DENR employees on June 24-25 at the Makiling Highland Resort, Calamba, Laguna

• ForumonbiodiversityandclimatechangeheldonMay23attheNationalInstitute of Geological Sciences in UP Diliman

• Awardingceremonyofthe2006DENR-GADServiceAwardsonJune28at the DENR Operation Center, Diliman Quezon City. ERDB Focal Point, Ms. Monette Santos, was awarded as second most effective GAD Focal Point

• Zonaltraining-workshopforgenderanddevelopmentadvocatesandtrainors on July 25-26 at RET Conference Hall, Central Luzon State University, Nueva Ecija

• “RuralDevelopmentAgencies”workshoponenvironment,biodiversityand women July 27 at the DENR, Quezon City

• DENRGAD-sponsoredlivelihoodtrainingon“Foodmanufacturewithmalunggay leaves/seeds as ingredients” held on December 06 at the Kabalikat Hall, DENR, Quezon City

• “Training-workshoponthedevelopmentandimplementationoftheenvironment and natural resources (ENR) extension program” on November 22-23 at the ERDB Auditorium

• DENR-GAD-sponsoredlivelihoodtraining“Christmasdecorspreparationusing beads” on December 27 at the DENR Multi-purpose Hall

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TechnologyDissemination

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Technology Dissemination


Publications

ERDB produces and disseminates four regular publications that feature information on the management, utilization, protection, and conservation of the country’s environment and natural resources.

Sylvatrop is the technical journal of the Philippine environment and natural resources. It is a semiannual publication with local and international circulation. Readers of Sylvatrop include researchers, students, and private individuals. One combined issue, Vol. 16 nos. 1 and 2, with 700 copies was produced.

CANOPY International is a semitechnical publication that seeks to promote global communication and exchange of information on issues and development affecting the utilization and management of the environment and natural resources. The combined issue of Canopy International Vol. 30 Nos. 1-6 with 4,000 copies was produced and disseminated to local and foreign subscribers, walk-in clients, and viewers of ERDB exhibits.

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RISE (Research Information Series on Ecosystems) is being produced using in-house printing facilities with 2000 copies per issue. The featured topics in 2007 include:

• Lesserknownedibletreespecies• Speciesforbonsaimaterial• Environmentalrequirementand

management of some important forage species in the Philippines

• Suitablespeciesforurbanforestry

DENR Recommends features a series of specific technologies or research information. This year, DENR Recommends No. 15a and 15b featured indigenous forest tree species naturally growing in Mt. Makiling and Sta. Maria, Laguna. These issues focused on 26 species highlighting research-based seed technology particularly on initial moisture content and germination together with seed longevity and storage. This information is important for those who are interested in establishing a forest plantation and who wish to help reforest denuded areas.

DENR Recommends on charcoal briquettes was reprinted due to numerous requests from training participants, walk-in clients, and some subscribers.

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Technology promotion Posters showing technologies generated by ERDB and ERDS were displayed on the following occasions:

• AlumniHomecomingoftheUPLB-College of Forestry and Natural Resources

• ClimateChangeExhibitsatSMSta. Rosa, Laguna

• InternationalBiodiversityConservation celebration at SM Mall of Asia

• “BeattheHeat”atEDSAShrine,Pasig City

• ForgingMulti-StakeholderCommitments to “Beat the Heat” at the DENR, Quezon City

• LosBañosScienceCommunity-National Science and Technology Week celebration at UPLB, College, Laguna

• AnniversarycelebrationoftheSamahan ng Magsasaka sa Mataas na Lupa (SAMALUP) held in Lalakay, Los Baños, Laguna

Audiovisual production and orientation services

The video story on DENR Charcoal Briquetting Technology has undergone the process of review and revision. The revised copy will be shown to the ERDB Executive Committee for pre-testing activity.

In preparation for the next video production, the production team has shot initial footages of the project on rehabilitation of mined-out areas in Itogon, Benguet. Footages of the project titled “Marginal forest litter collectors and vendors of Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve: deriving hypothesis from human-environment interface” were converted into VCD copy.

For orientation services, ERDB briefing materials and video stories on malapapaya and bamboo were presented to various groups of visitors including local government officials, faculty and students of schools, and to public and private organizations.

47

The ecotrail passing through the bambusetum of LBES also serves as a tourist attraction.

Part of the 3-km ecotrail traversing the palmetum.

ERDB maintains eight demonstration areas located at the Los Baños Experiment Station (LBES) situated within the Mt. Makiling Forest Reserve in Los Baños, Laguna.

DemonstrationAreas

Bambusetum

The 38 bamboo species are being maintained at the bambusetum despite the destructive typhoons that occurred during the year.

Palmetum

Seventeen species can be found in the area. Collection and propagation are being done to increase the diversity of the species and ensure the availability of planting materials for distribution and R and D purposes.

Agroforestry

The agroforestry demonstration area maintains 110 fully grown black pepper with kakawate as hedgerows. Cash crops like pineapple, kamote and gabi were interplanted with black pepper to maximize land use and control soil erosion.

Controlled breeding of bayuko

LBES researchers observed the feeding habit, life cycle, and mortality of 30 individuals of bayuko, an edible land snail. Results will serve as basis in developing a propagation technology of bayuko in controlled condition. Bayuko feeds on gabi plants and other soft-stemmed leaves. The cage intended for rearing the species was continously maintained to ensure a conducive place for this species and its observation.

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Demonstration Areas


LBES maintains the 4 m x 4 m flight area to propagate and conserve endemic butterflies.

The 2-ha medicinal gene bank consists of different endemic and exotic medicinal plant species.

Butterfly garden

The garden showcased nine species of butterfly. Different hosts and nectar plants were grown to attract more butterflies, ensure species biodiversity and survival of the hatched pupa, and increase food supply for caterpillars.

Ornamental areas

To add beauty to the surroundings and attract more species of butterflies for production purposes, propagation and collection of different ornamenal plants were continuously done. Some of the ornamentals grown here are jade vine, red palm, kapa-kapa, star cluster, and yesterday, today and tomorrow. Medicinal genebank

A 2-hectare medicinal gene bank with 124 individual trees, herbs, vines, and shrubs of medicinal value is being maintained. More species were collected and propagated. Each species was labeled with common and scientific names including its uses.

To prevent the site from eroding, the rotten bamboo poles were replaced with stones collected within the premises.

Nursery

Premium quality seedlings of indigenous and exotic plant species were regularly collected and propagated. This was done to ensure the availability of planting stocks to augment the needs of the government and private entities who are interested partners in the conservation and reforestation of denuded forests. Among these are mahogany, amugis, guijo, narra, and kamagong.

49

Library Services The ERDB Library provides services to ERDB researchers, UPLB students, and researchers of other agencies.

The Library acquired 433 issues of serials and 19 books, 13 of which were obtained through donations.

A total of 2,352 articles on environment and natural resources were compiled from 1,227 copies of national newspapers. At present, ERDB maintains 36,029 reading materials and variety of references.

ERDB Library

50

The ERDB Website Technical Committee worked on the enhancements of the ERDB website. The Bureau’s local area network with 77 computer units was set up to speed up access and connectivity. The four ERDB databases on proposals, ongoing studies, and completed studies were updated and maintained.

Website Development

Official website of ERDB.

51

Laboratories

Titration analysis is applied on the soil sample to identify its composition.

LaboratoriesERDB maintains ten laboratories that provide services to the research projects of ERDB and even to accommodate laboratory work for requesting research agencies.

Genetics/tissue culture laboratory

For CY 2007, experiments conducted in the laboratory involved the development of protocol for mass production under aseptic conditions of tubang bakod and kalantas and mass production of quality planting materials of bagras.

Entomology laboratory

This laboratory provides services in conducting research on insects, pests, and the depository of materials related to insect pests of forest trees. Thirty-nine forest-associated insects/pests were collected and preserved. The collection consisted of lepidoptera, odonata, cerambycidae, cicada, and scarabidae. These were maintained in 32 large (15 in x 19 in) and 24 small (8 in x 12 in) insect boxes which were regularly inspected to ensure that storage pests do not attack or damage the specimens.

Soils laboratory

Soil samples for nine research projects were analyzed. These include physical analysis (moisture content, bulk density, particle density, soil porosity, and textural grade) of 319 samples; chemical analysis (nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter contents, pH, and carbon exchange capacity) of 456 samples; sediment analysis of 2 samples and oven-drying of 480 weed samples. The laboratory continued to provide relevant services to ERDB and ERDS researchers including students who visit the laboratory during educational trips.


Laboratories

Seeds of forest trees are processed in the seed laboratory as part of developing seed technologies.

Seed laboratory Researchers determined the seed technology of four indigenous forest tree species, namely: kalantas, kaningning, kamanigum, and bignai. Except for bignai, information on species’ seed count, moisture content determination, seed type, and seed germination were published in DENR Recommends No. 15b.

Seeds of three indigenous forest tree species of narra, molave, and saplungan collected from Regions 2, 3, and 10, respectively, were submitted to ERDB for progeny testing in line with the Banner Program on Production of Quality Planting Materials. Germination test of the seeds was conducted before they were distributed to the diffreent regions where trial plantations will be established.

Furthermore, storage study of batino, kalantas, and laneteng gubat was also conducted. Results showed that percent moisture content (MC) and germination of the species decreased as storage duration increased to nine months, regardless of temperature. Great reduction on germination rate was noted on kalantas and laneteng gubat. Data revealed 0 and 16% germination after trhree months of storage at room temperature. Batino had the longest storability with 89.33% germination after the ninth month of storage at 7OC.

Forest molecular laboratory

Leaf samples of various tree species were collected to determine the genetic variability of the species. These include 500 samples of Benguet pine from 240 mother trees in Itogon, Benguet; Nueva Ecija and Malaybalay, Bukidnon; 100 molave in Pangasinan; 100 palasan and 60 limuran in Quezon Province. The samples were processed and stored in the ultra-low bio-freezer.

Grinding of 140 Benguet pine and 60 narra leaf strips using liquid nitrogen was made possible at the Institute of Biological Science, Institute of Plant Breeding, and UPLB molecular laboratories. All samples were placed in eppendorf tubes and stored in the ultra-low bio freezer prior to DNA extraction. DNA analysis and data interpretation of Benguet pine are underway.


Laboratories

Isozyme analysis for 40 narra trees from Cebu was conducted to measure the extent of genetic diversity within the population.Data interpretation is in progress.

Pathology laboratory

The pathology laboratory serves as a place where disease specimens of forest trees are examined and analyzed to determine their causal organisms. Microorganisms associated with die-back disease of white lauan and drying-up disease of guijo were isolated and purified. Specimens were collected from La Mesa Dam Watershed in Quezon City.

Chemistry laboratory

Sample solutions and reagents used in different determination were prepared in the chemistry laboratory. Routine analyses were performed to determine nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents, pH, and carbon exchange capacity.

Botany laboratory cum herbarium

New specimens have been added in the herbarium. These include 173 plants collected from the provinces of Nueva Ecija, Leyte, Ilocos Norte, Laguna, Albay, Quezon, Palawan, Agusan del Sur, Surigao del Sur, Davao, and Bukidnon. The species belonged to 24 families, namely: Palmae, Meliaceae, Loganiaceae, Rubiaceae, Moraceae, Theaceae, Ochnaceae, Proteaceae, Sapotaceae, Leguminosae, Sapindaceae, Myristicaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae, Tilliaceae, Ebenaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Annonaceae, Myrtaceae, Lauraceae, Mimosae, Rosaceae, Verbenacea, and Pittosporacea. The plant specimens were treated with denatured alcohol, placed in wooden pressers, and oven-dried at 80°C for a minimum of three days. After removal from the oven, the specimens were labeled, mounted in bristol board, and recorded in the accession book. These were then deposited in the specimen cabinets. One sample of fern (Gingko biloha) from Kew, England was added to the collections being preserved at the laboratory.

Students and professors from state colleges and universities and some DENR personnel visited the laboratory. For example, a student from Michigan State University, visited the laboratory to have an in-depth research on Daemonorops mollis. She secured fresh leaves of the said species to obtain its DNA material which will be used in her dissertation.

Leaves of different forest trees undergo treatments before storing them in the herbarium.

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LinkagesTable 2. Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) signed by ERDB and other agencies/organizations.

Memorandum of Agreement/ Agency Involved Nature of Linkage Project/Activity Date Signed

International project agreement ERDB ERDB as the implementing Demonstration and applicationbetween DENR and International ITTO-Japan agency of production and utilizationTropical Timber Organization (ITTO) ITTO as funding agency technologies for rattan(2006-2010) sustainable development in the ASEAN member countries - based on PD 334/oG Rev. 2(1)

International sub-award program/ ERDB ERDB as recipient of Ecosystems approach in theagreement for biosafety systems Board of Trustees of sub-award grant in support assessment of the impacts ofJanuary 9, 2007 Western Michigan of IFPRI’s Program entitled herbicide-tolerant corn on University (WMU) “Building Functional corn production in selected Biosafety Systems” areas in Luzon, Philippines WMU as funding agency

Multi-sectoral MOA with the ERDB Technical assistance Development of upland andMunicipal Government of Paete, DENR Region 4A lakeshore rehabilitationLaguna Forest Management Bureau strategies; utilization of wasteMarch 13, 2007 LGU of Paete, Laguna Ayala Westgrove, Inc.

MOA on the preparation of ERDB Technical assistance Establishment of a 20-hectarean ecotourism management plan DENR Region 4A community-based ecotourismin Taal Volcano Island Protected Areas and destination area in SitioJuly 11, 2007 Wildlife Bureau (PAWB) Panikihan, Taal Volcano Island, Batangas

56

Linkages


MOA on the implementation of a ERDB Joint research undertaking Phytoremediation andcooperative project Mines and Geosciences ecosystems recontructionDecember 5, 2007 Bureau (MGB) on mine-waste dumps in Ecosystems Research and Bagacay mines, Hinabangan, Development Service Samar (ERDS) Region 8

MOA on the implementation of the ERDB ERDB as lead investigator Investigation on thejoint janitor fish research project Laguna Lake Development LLDA as co-investigator and bioecology and sustainable December 10, 2007 Authority (LLDA) funding source use of janitor fish

Memorandum of Agreement/ Agency Involved Nature of Linkage Project/ActivityDate Signed

Cont. Table 2...


Employee Title of Training/Seminar/ Sponsor Date Workshop/Conference and Venue

Aida Lapis International Tropical ITTO Mar 18-26 Timber Organization (ITTO) Ha Tay, Vietnam Rattan project training -Philippines-ASEAN

Simplicia Pasicolan Two-day seminar on carrying Mr. Ramboll Mar 19-30 capacity model for eco- Natural Lao People’s tourism destination Consultancy Democratic Firm Republic (PDR)

Vicente Cabrera 12th scientific planning APN Mar 20-23 group meeting of the APN Honolulu, Hawaii, for global change USA

Mitzi Pollisco Workshop-training program AusAID-PSLD Apr 30-May 11 on improving productivity of Activity Cooroy, trees in small farms and Queensland, community managed Australia plantation in Northern and Northeastern Mindanao

To enhance the manpower capability and top the expertise of the Bureau, employees were sent to various trainings, seminars, and conferences locally and abroad. These employees either acted as resource persons, presentors or participants.

Training Programs/Seminars/Conferences Attended

Table 3. International trainings/seminars/workshops/conferences attended by ERDB personnel.


Lope Calanog Exchange experts/scientific Rural May 8-10 mission program Development Korea Administration- PCARRD Merlyn Rivera ITTO-Philippines-ASEAN ITTO May 14-23 Training program on rattan -Philippines Ventianne, Lao production and utilization ASEAN Rattan PDR and Thailand technologies Project Aida Lapis ITTO-Philippine-ASEAN ITTO May 20-29 Marcial Amaro, Jr. Training program on rattan -Philippines Ventianne, Lao PDR production and utilization ASEAN Rattan technologies and visit to the Project pilot demonstration

Aida Lapis Paper on presentation on ITTO June 16-22 specialty rattans of ASEAN -Philippines Leiden, Netherlands ASEAN Rattan Project Aida Lapis Visit to the herbarium at ITTO June 23-July 30 Royal Botanic Gardens -Philippines Kew, United ASEAN Rattan Kingdom Project

Juan Ebora Asia-Pacific tropical forest ITTO Aug 6-8 investment forum Bangkok, Thailand


Cont. Table 3...


Aida Lapis ITTO-Philippines-ASEAN ITTO Aug 16-23Gregorio Santos, Jr. Training program on rattan Pnom Penh,(Resource Person) production and utilization Cambodia technologies Aida Lapis ITTO-Philippines-ASEAN ITTO Dec 3-7(Resource Person) Training program on rattan Cirebon, Indonesia production and utilization technologies

Honorato Palis Southeast Asian regional Government of Sept 5-7 technical workshop Netherlands Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and United Kingdom Leuvina Tandug AdHoc technical working CBD Sept 10-12 expert group on technology Geneva, transfer and scientific and Switzerland techno-cooperation meeting Angelito Exconde 2007 IUFRO all divisions 5 FAO Oct 29-Nov 3 conference Taipei, Taiwan Marcial Amaro, Jr. Global summit on DENR Oct 30-Nov 3 sustainable bamboo and Beijing, China rattan development and 10th Anniversary of the International Network on Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR)


Cont. Table 3...


Myrna Tomboc HRDS Assessment and DENR Jan 29-Feb 1Cristina Apolinar Planning Forum Richville Hotel, Mandaluyong City

Damaso Sambrana Training on raising technical IRRI Feb 14-16 capabilities to underpin trade College, Los Baños, and investment in biomass Laguna carbon/AUSAID Monette Santos Re-echo workshop on DENR Apr 19-20 harmonized gender and Mt. Makiling development guidelines Highland Resort, (1st Batch) Calamba, Laguna

Carmelita Villamor Re-echo workshop on DENR May 3-4 harmonized gender and Mt. Makiling development guidelines Highland Resort, (2nd Batch) Calamba, Laguna

Manolito Sy Training program on data Commonwealth May 21-25Maura Dimayuga analysis and interpretation; Scientific and ERDB, College,Mitzi Pollisco development of leaflets Industrial Laguna Horace San Research Valentin Organization


Table 4. Local trainings/seminars/workshops/conferences attended by ERDB personnel.


Aureo Lobina Philippine Association for PAGBA July 25-28 Government Budget Puerto Princesa, Administration (PAGBA) Palawan seminar/workshop

Florita Siapno Development and ERDB Aug 23-24 institutionalization of ERDB’s ERDB, College, monitoring and evaluation Laguna system for RDE programs/ projects Carmelita Villamor Capacity building on the Program for Sept 13-15 Veronica Sinohin selection of indicator Biodiversity ERDB, College, Simplicia Pasicolan species and determination of System LagunaElpidio Rimando appropriate end-points for Dianne Joy Aguilon GMO risk assessment and Yra Joy Panizales post-marketing monitoring Fidela CapuliCynthia MarquezPedro AtegaGirlie RuedaGina Tocino

Belen Belina Workshop for the installation DENR Oct 9-11Myrna Tomboc of a company-based Camelot Hotel, selection and placement Quezon City system in the DENR


Cont. Table 4...


Liberty Asis Publication design ERDB Oct 17-18Liberato Bacod Philippine Center for Creative Imaging, Makati City

Leuvina Tandug Symposium-workshop on Forests and Nov 28Gregorio Reyes mainstreaming response Natural Sulu Hotel,Santiago Baconguis to climate change in the Resources Quezon CityManolito Sy Philippines: Science-based Research Angelito Exconde initiatives in agriculture, Society of Lope Calano forestry and natural the Philippines Aida Lapis resources Inc. Honorato Palis Rafael CadizEvangeline CastilloAlicia CalderonConcepcion PalaypayonJuan EboraNorma PabloRomana MauricioVienna AustriaMarilou ReyesFlorita SiapnoMa. Theresa de los ReyesAngelita Parco


Cont. Table 4...


Speaker Title Date

Mitzi Pollisco Comparative assessment of Jan 24 Gregorio Reyes Eucalyptus species and provenance at Bukidnon Forest Inc., Bukidnon, Northern Mindanao

Emil Ramoran Guide to monitoring and Feb 18 evaluation of municipal/city coastal resource managment (CRM) plans and programs

Lope Calanog Ecotourism in protected areas: Mar 14Gregorio Reyes Hurdling the politicsAlicia Calderon

Evelyn Estigoy GAD forum on environmental Apr 10 governance

Levi Florido Policy guidelines and May 16Editha Eusebio procedures in the management Eliseo Baltazar of DENR Research, DevelopmentJuan Ebora and Extension (R, D and E) System Simplicia Pasicolan Surveillance for avian influenza May 17Gregorio Santos, Jr. in wild birds

Editha Eusebio Presentation of the revised Sept 4 Aliver Revilla ERDB website

Table 5. ERDB in-house monthly technical series.

Monthly Technical Seminar Series


Gina Tocino The Inconvenient Sept 4 Angelito Exconde Truth (film showing on climate Evangeline Castillo change and global warming) Marilou Moreno Sustainable tourism: striking a Sept 19 Simplicia Pasicolan balance between ecology and economy

Marla Cambay Effectiveness of the CBRMP Oct 17 Sourcebook on Agroforestry Technology among Local Government Change Agents in Region 5 (MS Thesis)

Rowena Payuan Development management Nov 14 processes in promoting agroforestry adoption: The Case of Pooc II, Silang, Cavite

Liberty Asis Publication design Nov 29Liberato Bacod

Speaker Title Date

Cont. Table 5...


ERDB continues to provide scientific and technological solution to the problems of various groups of clients who consult ERDB’s pool of experts. For the year 2007, ERDB researchers shared their expertise in their respective areas of concern with different individuals, groups from the government sector, state universities and colleges, private institutions and non-government organizations.

Technical Assistance Clientele Researcher

Laguna Taal Volcano PAWB Lope CalanogEcotourism Community-based DENR Region 4A Project

Diagnosis and assessment of trees Ninoy Aquino Parks Horacio San Valentindamaged by typhoon Milenyo; and Wildlife Center, Marcelina Pachoproper pruning/trimming, surgery, Diliman, Quezon City and rehabilitation Advise on the appropriate species Dr. Edgardo Vendiola Evangeline Castillo for rehabilitation of mining dumpsite with nickel, chromite, and other heavy metals

Research project output of Mr. Tang Xiang Evangeline CastilloMt. Pinatubo volcanic ash laden (2007 Ramon areas Magsaysay Awardee) Ramon Magsaysay Center, Manila

Technical Assistance

Table 6. Activities rendered to address specific clientele needs.


Assistance in the determination Figueroa’s Ranch Wellington Rosaciaof stocking rate and carrying San Narciso, Quezon; capacity Alcantara’s Ranch Brgy. Apopong, General Santos City

Provision of technical information OIKOS Society- Evangeline Castilloand endomycorrhizal inoculants for Couples for Christ research and development and Environment Grouptree planting purposes UPCFNR Alumni Association; Betty Balmocena of Region 11; Conrado Pama Farm Manager in Region 6

Post-operation and tree surgery Malolos and Calumpit, Marcelina Pachomonitoring kalayaan siar trees and Bulacancalumpit trees Associated microorganisms and La Mesa Dam, Marcelina Pachoinsect pests analyses on Quezon City Apolinaria Cornejowhite lauan and guijo samples, occular inspection and collection of samples with initial syndrome, conduct of microbial isolation and purification and identification of fungal isolates


Cont. Table 6...


Cont. Table 6...

Occular inspection of actively Mintcor Townhomes, Marcelina Pachodecaying narra and other trees Km 23 West Service Horacio San around the Mintcor Townhomes; Road, Alabang, Valentin recommended fungicide Muntinlupa Cityapplication and branch pruning of 1 narra, cutting of 3 fire trees with advance decay, and pruning 2 rain trees and 4 balete trees

R and D on the various species of Majent Foundation Cristina Roxas bamboo; development of the Inc., Sitio Mananta, Paulino Umali, Jr.bambusetum at the Carolina Garden Brgy. Pantay, Antipolo, Lucas Gonzales Rizal

Assessment and characterization De La Salle-Canlubang, Antonio Dañoupstream sub-watersheds of Biñan, LagunaBiñan and Sta. Rosa rivers covering an estimated area of 9,000 hectares; formulation of approriate watershed managementplan

Development of a bambusetum Majent Agro-Industrial Cristina Roxas Corporation, Dasol, Paulino Umali, Jr. Pangasinan Lucas Gonzales Guidance in the planting of First Valle Verde Cristina Roxas bamboos and other trees for Association, Inc., Paulino Umali, Jr.livelihood and beautification in Valle Verde, Lucas Gonzalesa mini-park/garden Pasig City



Establishment of palmetum and Tarriela Management Cristina Roxasplanting of bamboos and other Company, Inc. Paulino Umali, Jr.indigenous forest tree species Antipolo, Rizal Lucas Gonzales

Establishment of bambusetum Teraoka Farms, Inc. Rosalinda Reavilesand other indigenous forest tree Mangatarem, Cristina Roxasspecies Pangasinan Paulino Umali, Jr. Lucas Gonzales

Conduct of experiment on the UPLB students Santiago Baconguis Collection of bamboo liquid smoke

Agroforestry component on their Mr. Dominic Halum, Rafael Cadiz mahogany plantation in Majayjay Thistle Consulting Firm, Makati City Rehabilitation of a site in Mayor Renato Alilio Lope Calanog Mt. Banahaw-Dolores, Quezon Dolores, Quezon


Cont. Table 6...

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Research Management

Research Sector RDE Framework for 2007-2010

ERDB updated the Research Sectors’ Research, Development and Extension Framework for CY 2007-2010 which was approved, printed and distributed to the regional research offices and DENR units. The framework outlines the template of actions and directions with which the DENR Research Sector will focus its effort this year and for the next three years. It embraces the needs of not just the research sector but also the other DENR sectors’ RDE concerns. It hubs on coordination, complementation, and the sharing of resources, expertise, and ideas towards the realization of a common DENR vision.

Revision of the DAO on RDE management system

The DENR Administrative Order (DAO) on the management of DENR R, D and E systems was revised and submitted to the DENR Secretary for approval and signature. The proposed DAO includes provisions to address major concerns such as: formulation of the RDE agenda for the ENR research network; guidelines in the proposal preparation; implementation, monitoring, and evaluation of projects and programs; and reporting system, and the technology transfer and extension concerns, including technology application and policy formulation. The provision on technology transfer and extension is a major addition to the R and D management system. It defines the process involved, re-orientation of focus of activities, allocation of resources, and involvement of stakeholders.

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General Administration

Human Resources

To man its technical divisions and support offices and units, ERDB has a total of 277 personel.

Table 3. Human resources profile for 2007.

Classification of Personnel Regular Co-terminus Casual Job Contract Total

Technical 134 8 0 14 156

Nontechnical 67 1 25 28 121

Total 201 9 25 42 277

Researchers and personnel include the following:

•Foresters •Sociologists •Agriculturists •Physiologists •Botanists •Statisticians •Pathologists •Economists •Entomologists •Engineers •Zoologists •PublicAdministrators

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General Administration


Financial Resources

ERDB’s total fund for the year 2007 was PhP108,259,000.00. This amount was allotted for Personnel Services (PS) - PhP79,476,000.00; Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses (MOOE) - PhP27,561,000.00; and Capital Outlay (CO) - PhP822,000.00.

To finance some of its R and D activities, ERDB also received a total of PhP3,803,515.13 from other funding agencies. These include Philippine Council for Agriculture Forestry and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCARRD), Philippine Forest Corporation (PFC), and International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO).


Organizational Chart

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR

Office of theAssistant Director

Budget and Fiscal Section

Records Section

Silviculture Section

Forest Protection Section

Resource Mensuration and

Harvesting Section

Grassland Management

Section

Land Rehabilitation

Section

Grassland Hydrology Section

Technology Verification and

Utilization Section

Technology Documentation and Packaging Section

Agroforestry and Upland Farming Systems Section

Mangrove and Estuarine Section

Inland Coastal ZoneSection

Lentic Freshwater Ecosystem Section

Lotic Freshwater Ecosystem Section

Community Forestry Section

Socioeconomics Section

Forest HydrologySection

Forest Genetics and Tree Improvement

Section

General Services Section

Property Section

Accounting Section

Human Resources Development

Section

Planning and ManagementInformation Services Unit

Grassland and Degraded Areas

Ecosystems Research Division

Technology Development Division

Coastal Zone and Freshwater

Ecosystems Research Division

Upland Farms Ecosystems Research

Division

Forest Ecosystem Research Division

Los Baños Experiment Station

Finance and Administrative ServicesDivision


Officials of ERDB Office of the Director

Director Marcial C. Amaro, Jr.OIC-Assistant Director Leuvina M. TandugFinance and Administrative Services Division Belen B. BelinaPlanning and Management Information Services Unit Editha P. Eusebio (OIC)Los Baños Experiment Station Angelito B. Exconde (OIC)

Research Divisions

Forest Ecosystem Research Division Manolito U. Sy (OIC) Silviculture Maura D. Dimayuga (OIC) Forest Protection Elpidio F. Rimando Resource Mensuration and Harvesting (Under the Office of the Chief) Forest Hydrology Merlyn N. Rivera Forest Genetics and Tree Improvement Antonio M. Daño Grassland and Degraded Areas Ecosystems Levi V. FloridoResearch Division Grassland Management (Under the Office of the Chief) Grassland Hydrology Evangeline T. Castillo Land Rehabilitation Aida B. Lapis

Upland Farms Ecosystem Research Division Gregorio D. Reyes Agroforestry and Upland Farming Systems Rafael T. Cadiz (OIC) Community Forestry Lope A. Calanog Socioeconomics Aleli M. Luna

Coastal Zone and Freshwater Ecosystems Santiago R. Baconguis Mangrove and Estuarine Honorato G. Palis InlandCoastalZone Ruben A. Callo (Jan-May) Simplicia A. Pasicolan (OIC from June-Dec) Lotic Freshwater Ecosystem Carmelita I. Villamor Lentic Freshwater Ecosystem (Under the Office of the Chief)

Technology Development Division Eliseo M. Baltazar (OIC) Technology Verification and Utilization Veronica O. Sinohin Technology Documentation and Packaging Francisco R. Cabrera (OIC)

erdb annual report cy 2007

Documents