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Eradicate Poverty or Eradicate Money

Presenters: Amrit MaharjanHema ShreshtaPrakash GhimireShashi GhalanSurendra K. Bohara

Date: 9th June, 2015

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At Nutshell

• Introduction• Philosophical Approaches• Civil actors Approaches• Government Approaches• Public Role in Poverty Reduction• Conclusion and Recommendations

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Nepal:

• One of the poorest country• 157th position out of 187 countries• Human Dev. Index of 0.463• Overall poverty rate 25%

• UNDP’s Human Dev. Report, 2013.

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Poverty is because of …..

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Factors for Higher and lower poverty rates:• Poverty increases with household size and number of

kids• Female headed households have slightly lower

poverty rates• Dalits bear a much higher burden of poverty

compared to Non-Dalits.

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Factors for Higher and lower poverty rates:

• Higher level of education are negatively correlated with poverty• Household headed by agricultural wage workers are

poorest while those headed by professional wage- workers are the least poor

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Philosophical approach to poverty

reduction

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Metaphysics of poverty • Poverty, disease, sorrow, imprisonment and

other evils are the fruits borne by the tree of one's own sins.--- Chanakya (350-275 BC)• Poverty is not only a development shifter,

has also brought paradigm for global solidarity

• Poverty is lack of ‘entitlement’ or ‘capability’, ‘welfarism’ –Amartya Sen

• Poverty is about ‘have and have not of resources’, in terms of power: poverty is lack of it ---- Marx and Foucault

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Metaphysics of Poverty

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Poverty reduction

• During the age of Chanakya (350-275 BC): taxation remained as exceptional approach in Patliputra----- later trust was established.

• Its all about reducing the inequalities, acting on the multi-dimentional aspects of poverty

• Its about enhancing capabilities of people

• Its about the distributional policies (Felix Naschold) ... Ex. Insurance policies, subsidies

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Global norms for Poverty reduction (Approaches) • Goal 1 of MDG: Eradicate Extreme Hunger and Poverty

3 pillars as approaches: • Expanding income-earning opportunities, • enhancing security and • promoting empowerment.

2 approaches by World bank: • Comprehensive Development Framework (CDF) and • Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP).

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Human right based approaches to poverty reduction• Right to work• Right to adequate food• Right to adequate housing• Right to health • Right to education• Right to personal security and privacy• Right of equal access to justice• Political rights and freedoms

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What about this approach????

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And, this…??

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Poverty Reduction Approaches for Organizational Actors:

• Demand led community based approach• Social mobilization• Capacity building• Skill development program• Income generation• Rural community infrastructure• Innovation and special programs• PPP

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Government Approaches

• Invest in human resource development and agro production • Create the employment and self employment opportunity • Make plan for the natural resources equally distribution and access to resource for

all (especially poor people)• Establish the production group , consumer committee with the participation,

involvement and ownership of poor people • Access to basic needs of poor people form village and town both.• End the discrimination of gender inequality, people with disability and religion• High Transparency in Process• Partner Organization as Facilitator

Source: Approaches national Provety Reduction Policy 2071

Public Role InPoverty Reduction“Poverty is the state of human beings who are poor.”

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Public Role in Poverty Reduction

• Follow the national policies, rules and regulation• Aware for tax payments and its implementation • Be responsible and accountable for community development and use

of local resources.• Preserve natural resources and cultures • Respect to all kind of people • Spend time in productive and creative work

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Conclusion

• GoN has proposed National Poverty Eradication policy 2071

• Nepal had adopted various approaches to poverty reduction since its execution of five year plan

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Conclusion…

Following are the few poverty reduction approaches in Nepal:

• PRSP• Human right based approach• Decentralization approach• PPP• GESI

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Recommendation…..

If money is Problem..??

Than, Replace it…

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Thank you