Era of Good Feelings(1816 – 1824)

WAR OF 1812

- “Second War for Independence”

- Economic Transformations- Local Economy to National Market

- “Economic Nationalism”

- Westward Expansion

- End of Federalist Party2

PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS(1796 - 1820)

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POLITICAL QUESTIONS

- National or local economic policies?

- National or local transportation networks?

- Expansion of slavery into w. territories?

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EMBARGO? EMBARG-YES!

Embargo has “unexpected effect”

Manufacturing Factories (N.E.) Inventions/Patents Food shortages in Euro.

post-wars

“balanced economy of farming, commerce,

and manufacturing” 5

TRINITY OF ECONOMIC NATIONALISM

1.) Protective Tariffs (Industry)2.) Internal Improvements3.) 2nd Bank of the US

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HENRY CLAY'S AMERICAN SYSTEM

• Henry Clay, KY (Speaker of House)

• 1st Bank charter expired 1811• Inflation • Deregulation • Distrust of paper $$

• Charter for 2nd Bank (1816)

2ND US BANK

Revenue deposits

Stabilize dollar

Regulate currency

20 year charter(1836)

Boston Philadelphia

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LANCASTER TURNPIKE (1790)

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CUMBERLAND ROAD (1811)

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ERIE CANAL (1817)

• Major accomplishment under American System• Funded by the state of New York • 364 mile man-made waterway connecting the

Great Lakes to NYC

ERIE CANAL SYSTEM

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MAJOR CANAL SYSTEMS C. 1840

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PROTECTIVE TARIFFS

• Tariff of 1816• Protect US industry• NE & W. support, S. oppose• “Strict Constructionism”

• Sectional Issue; based on economy of each region

• NE: Manufacturing, Wool, Processing• W : Farming, Hemp• S : Merchants, Plantations

HOW A TARIFF WORKS

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NEW ENGLAND TEXTILE MILLSC. 1830

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US TEXILE MILLS C. 1840

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LOWELL BOARDING HOUSE C. 1820

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EFFECTS OF AMERICAN SYSTEM

• Road/Bridge construction• Transportation networks• Selling of public lands for

profit; $$ goes into US Bank• Tax deposits for standing

Army/Navy• Increases in interstate

trade• US Bank stabilizes

currency; dollar becomes more valuable

JUDICIAL NATIONALISM

- Fletcher v. Peck (1810)

- Dartmouth v. Woodward (1819)

- McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

- Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

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ELECTION OF MONROE (1816)

- “Virginia Dynasty”- Did not keep up with nationalism- Minor set-backs- “Ablest Cabinet”

- Panic of 1819- Mini depression- Factions emerge in DRs- Sectionalism increases; arguments over tariffs and American System

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ELECTION OF 1820

- No Federalist Candidate- Monroe wins re-election easily

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DIPLOMATIC NATIONALISM

- Treaty of Ghent (1815)- End War of 1812- Resume trade

- Joint occupation of Great Lakes

- Rush-Bagot Treaty (1818) - Demilitarize border - Military restrictions on

Great Lakes

- Improved relations w/ Britain 23

DIPLOMATIC NATIONALISM

- Convention of 1818 (duh!)- Fishing

- Oregon

- 49th Parallell

- Lake of the Woods

- Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)- W. border w/ Spain

- Access to Pacific Ocean

- Purchase of Florida

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BORDER NEGOTIATIONS

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JACKSON TAKES FLORIDA (1819)

- Border problems (Indian attacks)

- Monroe to Jackson: Stop border raids

- Jackson invades Florida;Spain surrenders

- Jackson annexes territory to US

- Monroe is furious!

MISSOURI COMPROMISE (1820)

• Expansion of slavery to W.

• Missouri petitions to enter US in 1819

• Apply as slave state

• Problem??? Slaves states will now outnumber free states

• North outraged; blocks petition

MISSOURI COMPROMISE (1820)

• LET'S MAKE A DEAL!!!!!

• Henry Clay called upon to make a compromise

• Terms of Missouri Comprise:

1.) Missouri is admitted as a slave state

2.) Maine is admitted as a free state

3.) Slavery is prohibited in Louisiana Territory north of Missouri

MONROE DOCTRINE (1820)MONROE DOCTRINE (1820)

• Post-War President• No major accomplishments• Goal: end European

colonization in Americas• Enhances & creates a new

national identity• Curb sectionalism with

nationalism• Bluff by Monroe

MONROE DOCTRINE (1820)

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