epcos 5

www.epcos.com

Power Factor CorrectionProduct Profile 2004

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Preview

General

Awareness of the necessity ofpower quality is increasing, andpower factor correction (PFC) willbe implemented on a growingscale in future. Enhancing powerquality improvement of powerfactor saves costs and ensures afast return on investment.In power distribution, in low- andmedium-voltage networks, PFCfocuses on the power flow (cos )and the optimization of voltagestability by generating reactivepower to improve voltage qualityand reliability at distribution level.

How reactive power isgenerated

Every electric load that works withmagnetic fields (motors, chokes,transformers, inductive heating,arc-welding generators) producesa varying degree of electrical lag,which is called inductance. This lagof inductive loads maintains thecurrent sense (e.g. positive) for atime even though the negative-going voltage tries to reverse it.This phase shift between currentand voltage is maintained, currentand voltage having opposite signs.During this time, negative poweror energy is produced and fedback into the network. When cur-rent and voltage have the samesign again, the same amount ofenergy is again needed to buildup the magnetic fields in inductive

loads. This magnetic reversalenergy is called reactive power. In AC networks (50/60 Hz) such aprocess is repeated 50 or 60 timesa second. So an obvious solutionis to briefly store the magneticreversal energy in capacitors andrelieve the network (supply line) ofthis reactive energy.For this reason, automatic reactivepower compensation systems(detuned/conventional) are installedfor larger loads like industrialmachinery. Such systems consist of a group of capacitor units thatcan be cut in and cut out andwhich are driven and switched bya power factor controller.

Power factorLow power factor (cos )Low cos results in higher energy consumption

and costs, less power distributed via the

network, power loss in the network, higher transformer losses, increased voltage drop in power

distribution networks.

Power factor improvement

Power factor improvement can beachieved by compensation of reactive power

with capacitors, active compensation using

semiconductors, overexcited synchronous

machine (motor/generator).

Types of PFC (detuned or conventional)

individual or fixed compensation(each reactive power producer isindividually compensated),

group compensation (reactivepower producers connected asa group and compensated as awhole),

central or automatic compensa-tion (by a PFC system at acentral point),

mixed compensation.

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Contents

PFC capacitor series overview 6

Five PFC capacitor series cover all requirementsfor power factor correction and detuned filters

Information about PFC capacitors 8

Design of capacitors MKK/MKP technology Self-healing Vacuum impregnation Overpressure disconnector

Cautions Temperature class of capacitors to standard IEC 831-1 Enclosure of capacitors (IPxx) Current rating / Maximum admissible overcurrent Maximum admissible overvoltage Mean life expectancy Fuse protection Switching of capacitors Discharging Capacitors in networks with harmonics Installation Mechanical damage Vibration resistance Connection Grounding Storage and operating condition

5EPCOS AG

PFC capacitors

PhaseCap Premium capacitors (230 525 V, 5.0 33.8 kvar/premium) ............................ 16

PhaseCap HD capacitors(400 525 V, 40.0 60.0 kvar/heavy duty) ...................... 23

WindCap capacitors(690 800 V, 5.0 36.0 kvar/wind turbine) ...................... 27

PhiCap capacitors(230 525 V, 0.5 30.0 kvar/economical) ........................ 32

MKV Cap capacitors(400 690 V, 5.0 18.0 kvar/up to + 70 C ambient temperature) .................................... 41

PFC controllers

BR604 and BR6000 series .................................................. 44

Capacitor contactors 50

Reactors

Antiresonance harmonic filter reactor .................................. 54Discharge reactor ................................................................ 60

Dynamic power factor correction

Thyristor module TSM-LC .................................................... 62

Fundamentals of power factor correction

General information ............................................................ 66Formulas ............................................................................ 68Cautions, installation and maintenance ................................ 71Selection tables .................................................................. 75Detuned filtering .................................................................. 77Table of required kvar .......................................................... 79Component selection table .................................................. 80Further publications ............................................................ 87

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PFC Capacitor Series Overview

Five PFC capacitor series for power factor correction and detuned filter

Parameter Symbol /Unit PhaseCap Premium PhaseCap HD

Power QR [kvar] 5.0 ... 33.8 40.0 ... 60.0

Rated voltage VR [VAC] 230 ... 525 400 ... 525

Inrush current IS [A] up to 200 * IR up to 200 * IR

Temperature class 25/D 25/DMax. temp. 55 C Max. temp. 55 CMax. mean 24 h = 45 C Max. mean 24 h = 45 CMax. mean 1 year = 35 C Max. mean 1 year = 35 C

Losses: Dielectric QL [W/kvar] < 0.2 < 0.2 Total QL [W/kvar] < 0.45 < 0.35

Max. humidity Hrel 95% 95%

Safety triple (self-healing, overpressure triple (self-healing, overpressure disconnector, dry technology) disconnector, dry technology)

Impregnation inert gas inert gas

Mean life expectancy DB(co) up to 115 000 h up to 130 000 h

Connection SIGUT, block-type, SIGUT, block-type,safety terminal safety terminal

Cooling natural natural

Case/shape aluminum/cylindrical aluminum/cylindrical

Enclosure IPxx IP20, optionally IP54 IP20

Standard IEC 831-1+2, UL 810 5th edition, IEC 831-1+2, UL 810 5th editioncULfile # E238746

Application PFC and detuned systems PFC and detuned systems

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WindCap PhiCap MKV Cap

5.0 ... 36.0 0.5 ... 30.0 5.0 18.0

690 ... 800 230 ... 525 400 690

up to 300 * IR up to 200 * IR up to 300 * IR

25/D 25/D 25 ... +70 CMax. temp. 55 C Max. temp. 55 C Max. temp. 70 CMax. mean 24 h = 45 C Max. mean 24 h = 45 C Max. mean 24 h = 55 CMax. mean 1 year = 35 C Max. mean 1 year = 35 C Max. mean 1 year = 45 C

< 0.2 < 0.2 < 0.2< 0.4 < 0.45 < 0.5

95% 95% 95%

triple (self-healing, overpressure dual (self-healing, overpressure disconnector) dual (self-healing, overpressuredisconnector, dry technology) disconnector)

inert gas soft resin oil

up to 130 000 h up to 100 000 h up to 150 000 h

SIGUT, block-type, B32344 series: screw terminalsafety terminal SIGUT, block-type, safety terminal

B32340/B32343 series:fast-on terminals

natural natural natural

aluminum/cylindrical aluminum/cylindrical aluminum/cylindrical

IP20, optionally IP54 IP00, IP20, optionally IP54 IP00

IEC 831-1+2, UL 810 5th edition, IEC 831-1+2, UL 810 5th edition IEC 831-1+2, cUL file # E96954cUL file # E238746

PFC, detuned systems and wind turbines PFC and detuned systems PFC and harmonic filtering

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Design of capacitors

MKK/MKP technologyThe broad field of application forcapacitors combined with physicaland economic considerationscreates the need for differentdielectric technologies.When it comes to low-voltagepower factor correction, MKK/MKPtechnology (metalized plasticfilm/polypropylene) has turned outas currently the most suitable andmost economic technology. Thethickness of the dielectric differs as

a function of voltage rating. Themetalization (with zinc and alu-minum as its major constituents)and edge enhancement withextra junctions or cross-profilemetalization play a significant rolein achieving high current handlingand stable capacitance. Heavy-edge and special film cuttingtechnique (optimized combination

of wavy and smooth cuts) pro-duces a maximum effective surfacefor the metal spraying or contactingprocess (winding design). Thisresults in high surge current with-stand capability. The bucklingeffect on the film edge of thewinding the cause of contactedge problems is eliminated inthis way.

Information about PFC Capacitors

Capacitorwindings

Section A Section A

Solid contact

zone

Without EPCOS wavy cut

EPCOS wavy cut

Metalization

Metalization

Metalization

Metalization

Metalization

Flame- sprayed area

Crackspossible

Film and film-freemargin

Film andfilm-free margin

Heavy edge

Heavy edge

Flame-sprayed contact area (Zn) Large effectivecontact area

Metal sprayinglayer (Zn)

Wavy cut design

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Self-healingAn electric breakdown is possibleas the result of thermal or electricoverload or at the end of useful life.This results in a small arc thatevaporates the metalization in theregion of the breakdown in amatter of microseconds. The gaspressure caused at this spot bythe high temperature blows thenow vaporous metalization out ofthe breakdown region.

This means that a non-conductingisolation region free of metalizationis formed here.During and after the breakdownthe capacitor is fully functional.The reduction in capacitancecaused by self-healing is lessthan 100 pF, i.e. of an order thatcan only be verified by a precisionmeasuring instrument.

Vacuum impregnationThe active winding elements areheated and then dried for a definedperiod. Impregnation (e.g. by gas)is performed under vacuum. In this way air and moisture areextracted from the inner capacitor,and oxidation of the electrodesas well as partial discharges areavoided. Afterwards capacitorsare hermetically sealed in cases(e.g. aluminum). The elaborateprocess ensures excellent capaci-tance stability and long service life.

1 Dielectric2 Metalized electrodes3 Material displacing shock wave4 Air gap with metal vapor

5,6 Plasma zone7 Boundary layer between gas

phase dielectric and plasma8 Breakdown channel9 Gas phase dielectric

10 Zone of displaced metalization and dielectric (isolating region)

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r1 10

4 2

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8 10 1

2 4

245

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10 101

1

399 7

37 9

30 m 10 m

Self-healing

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Overpressure disconnectorElectrical components do not haveunlimited life expectancy; thisapplies to self-healing capacitorstoo. As polypropylene-type capaci-tors seldom produce a pronouncedshort circuit, HCR fuses or circuitbreakers alone do not offer sufficientprotection.All capacitors featured in this cata-log are consequently fitted with adisconnector that responds only tooverpressure. If numerous electric

breakdowns occur over time or asthe result of thermal or electricoverload (within IEC 831 specifica-tion), the formation of gas pro-duces a rise in pressure inside thecapacitor case. This causes achange in length because of curva-ture of the lid or stretching of theexpansion bead. Expansionbeyond a certain degree will sepa-rate the internal wires and discon-nect the capacitor from the line.

FAILURE TO FOLLOWCAUTIONS (P. 1013) MAYRESULT, WORST CASE, IN PREMATURE FAILURES,BURSTING AND FIRE.

Caution: To ensure full functionality of anoverpressure disconnector, thefollowing is required:

1. The elastic elements must notbe hindered, i.e. connecting lines must be

flexible leads (cables), there must be sufficient

space for expansion abovethe connections (stated forthe different models),

folding beads must not beretained by clamps.

2. Maximum allowed fault currentof 10 000 A in accordance withUL 810-standard must not beexceeded.

3. Stress parameters of thecapacitor must be withinIEC 831 specification.

Solid connected

Overpressure disconnector activated

Pressure

Expansion topExpansion bead

Overpressure disconnector

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Temperature class of capacitors (according IEC 831-1)

Frequency Max. voltage Max. duration Remarks50/60 Hz (Vrms)Line frequency 1.00 * VR Continuous duty Highest mean during entire operating time

of capacitor; exceptions (see below) are admissible for times of < 24 h

Line frequency 1.10 * VR 8 h daily Line voltage fluctuationsLine frequency 1.15 * VR 30 min daily Line voltage fluctuationsLine frequency 1.20 * VR 5 min daily Line voltage fluctuationsLine frequency 1.30 * VR 1 min daily Line voltage fluctuationsLine frequency Such that current does not exceed maximum admissible figure (Imax. = 1.3 * IR)with harmonics

Enclosure First digit Second digitIP00 No protection against finger touch and ingress of solid foreign bodies No protection against ingress

of waterIP20 Protection against finger touch and solid foreign bodies 12.5 mm diameter No protection against ingress

of waterIP41 Protection against tool touch and solid foreign bodies 1 mm diameter Drip-water protection

IP54 Protection against tool touch and solid foreign bodies 1 mm diameter, Splash water protectionprotection against dust deposit

Enclosure of capacitors (IPxx)

Maximum admissible overvoltage

Temperature class Temperature of capacitor surrounding air

Maximum Maximum mean for 24 h Maximum mean for 1 yearB 45 C 35 C 25 C

C 50 C 40 C 30 C

D 55 C 45 C 35 C

Temperature class of capaci-tors to standard IEC 831-1

Capacitors are divided into tem-perature classes. Each class isrepresented by a number followedby a letter, e.g. 25/D. The numberis the lowest ambient temperatureat which a capacitor may operate.The upper limit temperature isindicated by the letter (see tableabove).The useful life of a capacitordepends very much on tempera-ture. Proper cooling of a capacitormust ensure that the maximumtemperature is not exceeded, other-wise useful life is degraded. Whenconfiguring a circuit, one shouldmake sure that capacitors are notsubjected to heat from adjacentcomponents (reactors, bus bars,etc). Forced cooling is preferablefor compact designs. And it ishighly inadvisable to arrangecapacitors directly above reactors.Exeeding specified temperaturelimits may set in worst case thesafety device out of operation.

Enclosure of capacitors (IPxx)For different models there aredifferent types of enclosure. Thetype of enclosure is indicated by adesignation consisting of the twoletters IP followed by two digits.

Current rating/maximumadmissible overcurrent

The rated current (IR) is the currentresulting for rated voltage (VR)and frequency (in Hz), excludingtransients. Maximum permitted RMScurrent for each particular capacitoris specified in the data sheet.Continuously exceeding of the nomi-nal current will lead to increasedself-heating of the capacitor andreduce life time. The maximumadmissible overcurrent (Imax) of 1.3*IRto IEC standard 831 is maintainedby all capacitors in this catalog. Thefigures for overcurrent allow for thecombined effects of harmonics, over-voltage and capacitance tolerance.

Maximum admissible overvoltageCapacitors from EPCOS are suit-able for operation on overvoltages

quoted by IEC 831 (see table).Overvoltages higher than 1.15*VRreduce life time of the capacitorand must not occur more than 200times during life time of capacitor.Overvoltages above 1.3*VR mustnot occur at all, appropriate over-voltage protection (e.g. againstlightning strikes) must be ensured.

Mean life expectancyThe mean life expectancy of powercapacitors is mainly governed bythe following factors: duration of overload, ambient temperature and the

resulting case temperature, maximum rms current and the

resulting case temperature, voltage height and duration.The calculated life expectancy ofthe various series is stated fornominal operating conditions.If components are stressed lessthan the IEC 831 factors, longeruseful life can be expected, anda correspondingly shorter one orincreased failure rate if nominalparameters are exceeded.

Cautions

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Fuse protectionPower capacitors have to be pro-tected against short circuits byfuses or thermal magnetic overcur-rent relays. Slow-blow, low-voltagehigh-breaking-capacity fuses (HRC)are preferable. The fuse ratingshould be 1.6 to 1.8 times the ratedcurrent of the capacitor. Magneticshort circuit relays should be set tobetween 9 and 12 times rated cur-rent to prevent them responding tohigh inrush currents. Maximumallowed fault current of 10 000 A inaccordance with UL 810 standardmust be ensured by the applicationdesign.

HRC fuses must not be usedfor switching. Resulting electricarcing can cause death! It mayalso cause capacitor failures, andresult, worst case, in capacitorbursting and fire.

Switching of capacitorsWhen a capacitor is switched to anAC system, the result is a resonantcircuit damped to a greater or less-er degree. In addition to the ratedcurrent, the capacitor accepts atransient current that is a multipleof (up to 200 times) its rated cur-rent. Fast switching, low-bouncecontactors should be used, andhave the switching capacity forcapacitive currents stated by theproducer. Special capacitor con-tactors with leading contacts thatfeature precharging resistors todamp inrush currents are recom-mended. As per IEC 831 standard,a maximum of 5 000 switchingoperations per year is acceptable.Before considering a highernumber of switching operations,please contact EPCOS.

DischargingCapacitors must be discharged toa maximum of 10 % of rated volt-age before they are switched inagain. This prevents an electric

impulse discharge in the applica-tion, influences the capacitorsuseful life in PFC systems, andprotects against electric shock.The capacitor must be dischargedto 75 V or less within 3 min. Theremust not be any switch, fuse orany other disconnecting devicein the circuit between the powercapacitor and the dischargingdevice. EPCOS supplies capacitordischarge resistors to all series,alternatively discharge reactorsare available.

Caution: Discharge and shortcircuit capacitor before handling!

Capacitors in networks withharmonicsHarmonics are produced in theoperation of electric loads with anonlinear voltage/current charac-teristic (e.g. rectifiers and invertersfor drives, welding apparatus anduninterruptible power supplies).Harmonics are sinusoidal voltagesand currents with higher frequen-cies of a multiple of the 50 or 60 Hzline frequency. In low-voltage three-phase systems the 5th and7th harmonics are especiallytroublesome. Detuned capacitorsshould be used for power factorcorrection in systems subject toharmonics. These represent aseries resonant circuit of powercapacitor and reactor. The circuit istuned so that the series resonantfrequency is below the lowestharmonics appearing in the system.This produces an inductiveresponse to all frequencies abovethe series resonant frequency,avoiding resonances with systeminductances. Depending on theselected series resonant frequency,part of the harmonic current istaken up by the detuned powercapacitors. The remainder of theharmonic current flows into thesuperordinate system. The use ofdetuned power capacitors thuscontributes to reducing voltage

distortion through harmonics andlessens the disturbing effect onproper operation of other electricloads.Most international standards limitTHD-V on LV side to 5 %. Howeverit has to be noted that in manygrids these levels are exceededand even lower distortion, e.g.34 % THD-V can generateextreme overcurrents in case ofresonance condition.Maximum overcurrents as specifiedunder technical data of each seriesmust not be exceeded.Resonance must be avoided byappropriate panel design.Resonance may cause very highovercurrents which can lead tocapacitor failures, and worst case,to explosion and fire.

InstallationSpecifications like IEC 61921,VDE 0100, VDE 0101, VDE 0560part 4 and 46, EN 60831 andIEC 831 apply to the installationand operation of power capacitors.Capacitors should be sited in cooland well ventilated locations awayfrom other heat-radiating elements.Natural heat dissipation is generallysufficient for cooling purposes ifenough air is able to flow to andaway from them and the capacitorsare spaced at least 50 mm apart.Otherwise, in a less well ventilatedenvironment, forced cooling (fans)will be necessary, scaled so thatthe maximum admissible ambienttemperature is not exceeded.Useful life of capacitors stronglydepends on the operating tempera-ture (refer to page 11, temperatureclasses of capacitors).Exceeding maximum allowed tem-perature may set the safety deviceout of operation.

FAILURE TO FOLLOWCAUTIONS (P. 1013) MAYRESULT, WORST CASE, IN PREMATURE FAILURES,

Cautions

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Mechanical damage:In case of dents or any other mechanical damage, capacitors must not be used at all.

Vibration resistance:The resistance to vibration of capacitors corresponds to IEC 68, part 26.Max. test conditions:

Test duration 2 h corresponding to max. 0.7 g

Frequency range 10 ... 55 Hz corresponding to max. 0.7 g

Displacement amplitude 0.75 mm corresponding to max. 0.7 g

These figures apply to the capacitor alone.

Because the fixing and the terminals may influence the vibration properties, it isnecessary to check stability when a capacitor is built in and exposed to vibration.Irrespective of this, you are advised not to locate capacitors where vibrationamplitude reaches the maximum in strongly vibrating equipment.

Connection:Make sure connection cables are of flexible type or flexible copper bands are used.This is mandatory to allow the overpressure disconnector work and avoid mechanicalstress on the terminals and feedthroughs.

The connection cables to the capacitor should be designed for a current of at least1.5 times the rated current so that no heat is conducted into the capacitor. If reactorsare used in an application, the distance between reactor and capacitor must be greatenough so that no heat of the reactors, which are operating at a much higher tem-perature level, is conducted via connection cable to the capacitors.

Avoid bending cable lugs, cables or other mechanical force on the terminals.Otherwise leakages may set the safety device out of operation.

Ensure firm fixing of terminals, fixing torque to be applied as per individual specification.

Maximum specified terminal current (please refer to technical data of specific series)must not be exceeded at any case.

Grounding:The threaded bottom stud of the capacitor has to be used for grounding. In casegrounding is done via metal chassis that the capacitor is mounted to, the layer ofvarnish beneath the washer and nut should be removed.

Storage and operating conditions:Do not use or store capacitors in corrosive atmosphere, especially where chloridegas, sulfide gas, acid, alkali, salt or the like are present. In dusty environments regularmaintenance and cleaning especially of the terminals is required to avoid conductivepath between phases and/or phases and ground.

FAILURE TO FOLLOW CAUTIONS (P. 1013) MAY RESULT, WORST CASE,IN PREMATURE FAILURES, BURSTING AND FIRE.

Test duration 2 h

Frequency range 10 ... 55 Hz corresponding to max. 0.7 g

Displacement amplitude 0.75 mm

Cautions

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PFC controller

Capacitorcontactor

Harmonicssuppressionreactor

Transformer

Low voltage

Grid high voltage

Protection

M3~

M3~

Load structure

Dischargereactor

Dynamic PFC

Current transformer

Capacitor

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Overview

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PFC capacitorsPhaseCap Premium .............. 16PhaseCap HD ...................... 23WindCap .............................. 27PhiCap .................................. 32MKVCap .............................. 41

PFC controllersBR604 and BR6000 series .... 44

Capacitor contactors .... 50

ReactorsAntiresonanceharmonic filter reactor .......... 54Discharge reactor.................. 60

Dynamic power factorcorrectionThyristor module TSM-LC ................................ 62

Fundamentals of PFCGeneral information................ 66Formulas ................................ 68Cautions, installation and maintenance.................... 71Selection tables...................... 75Detuned filtering .................... 77Table of required kvar ............ 79Component selection table .... 80

16 EPCOS AG

General

PhaseCap capacitors in cylindricalaluminum cases have beendesigned for power factor correc-tion in low-voltage plant. Loads likemotors and transformers consumeactive power as well as reactivepower. Generators, supply cablesand other electrical distributionequipment, in turn, should berelieved of reactive power. TheMKK (metalized plastic compact)

AC series (> 5.0 to 33.8 kvar) isintended to increase packing den-sity per bank and cut componentcosts. Improved thermal responseand simplified installation areadvantages of the cylindricalaluminum case.

PhaseCap Premium PFC CapacitorsGas-impregnated Dry type Concentric winding Wavy cut Triple safety system

Applications

Automatic PFC equip-ment, capacitor banks

Individual fixed PFC (e.g. motors, transformers,lighting)

Group fixed PFC Tuned and detuned

capacitor banks

Features

Electrical Long life expectancy High pulse current

withstand capability (up to 200 * IR)

Corona-free

Mechanical andmaintenance Reduced mounting costs Maintenance-free

Safety Self-healing Overpressure

disconnector Touch-proof terminals Longterm approved

Environmental Dry design, inert gas No oil leakage

Please read information about PFC capacitors and cautions, page 813, and installation and maintenance instructions, page 7174, to ensure optimumperformance and prevent products from failing, and in worst case, bursting and fire, etc. Products shown in this catalog reflect typical specifications.

17EPCOS AG


The compact PhaseCap capacitor isa self-healing, metalized polypropy-lene film capacitor. The current-carrying metal layer (electrode) isvapor-deposited onto one side ofthe film.

Compact design low height,weight and volume

Three electrically separated capaci-tor elements are wound concentri-cally in a single operation onto aninsulated metal core tube, whichguarantees excellent winding preci-sion. The electrodes are connectedby metal spraying the face ends ofthe winding elements. The capacitorelements are star, delta or seriesconnected.

The compact MKK winding ele-ments are housed in a cylindricalaluminum case and hermeticallysealed by a press-rolled metal lid.

Triple safety system

Dry technology: instead of a liquidimpregnating agent, the capacitoris filled with gas. So there is norisk of leaking oil.

Self-healing: the capacitor repairsitself after overload (to IEC 831).

Overpressure disconnector: Refer to page 10.

Innovative and reliable SIGUTconnection technology

SIGUT terminals ensure reliableand straightforward connection,even in a parallel capacitor circuit,with benefits like: Simplified parallel connection, Protection against electric

shock hazard (IP20 to VDE 0106part 100),

Separate connection of discharge resistors,

Clamping device to preventloosening of screws,

Cable cross-sections up to16 mm2,

Max. 50 A total RMS current.

Life expectancy of up to 115 000 hours

After a long drying phase undervacuum to eliminate moisture fromthe active element, the capacitoris impregnated. The case is filledwith inert gas and sealed. Thenroutine tests are performed forgas leakage.

This production process helps toavoid oxidation and partial dis-charges (corona effect), promotingcapacitance stability over a longperiod, an essential in detuned PFC.

High inrush current withstandcapability is crucial

Capacitors used for power factorcorrection undergo a lot of switch-ing operations. The high inrushcurrents that go along with thismust be handled without degradinglife expectancy. The pulse strengthof this technology comes in partic-ular from the enlarged, sensitivecontact area (improved metalspraying). The breakthrough camewith a Siemens patent called thewavy cut, plus heavy-edge filmdesign. PhaseCap capacitors can

handle inrush currents of up to 200times rated current (max. 5 000switching operations p.a. accord-ing to IEC 831 standard).


18 EPCOS AG

Detail B

Compact windingwith C1,2,3

Connected

Detail A

Disconnected

Overpressure tear-off fuse

Terminal block

Standards IEC 831-1+2, EN 60831-1+2, UL 810 5th edition

Overvoltage Vmax VR + 10% (up to 8 h daily) / VR + 15% (up to 30 min daily) /VR + 20% (up to 5 min daily) / VR + 30% (up to 1 min daily)

Overcurrent Imax 1.5 * IR (including combined effects of harmonics, overvoltages andcapacitance tolerance)

Inrush current IS up to 200 * IR

Losses: Dielectric < 0.2 W/kvar Total < 0.45 W/kvar

Rated frequency f 50/60 Hz

Capacitance tolerance 5% / +10%

Test voltage, terminal/terminal VTT 2.15 * VR1, AC, 10 s

Test voltage, terminal/case VTC up to VR 660 V: 3000 VAC, 10 s; above VR = 660 V: 6000 VAC, 10 s

Mean life expectancy t LD(Co) up to 115 000 h

Ambient temperature 25/D; max. temp. 55 C; max. mean 24 h = 45 C; max. mean 1 year = 35 C; lowest temperature = 25 C

Cooling natural or forced

Humidity Hrel max. 95%

Altitude max. 4 000 m above sea level

Mounting position random

Mounting and grounding threaded M12 stud on bottom of case

Safety dry technology, overpressure disconnector, self-healing, maximum allowed fault current 10 000 A in accordance with UL 810-standard

Discharge resistors discharge module included

Case extruded aluminum

Enclosure IP20, indoor mounting (optionally with terminal cap for IP54)

Dielectric polypropylene film

Impregnation inert gas

Terminals SIGUT terminal strip with electric shock protection (IP20), (VDE 0106 part 100), max. 16 mm2 cable cross-section, max. current 50 A

Certification cUL file # E238746

Number of switching operations max. 5 000 switchings per year according to IEC831


Technical Data and Limit Values


Overpressure disconnector (tear-off fuse)

19EPCOS AG

MKK230-D-05-01 5.0 13.1 6.3 15.7 3 * 104 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A2317A375 6

MKK230-D-07.5-01 7.5 18.8 9.0 22.6 3 * 150 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A2457A375 6

MKK230-D-10-01 10.4 26.1 12.5 31.4 3 * 209 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A2627A375 6

MKK230-D-12.5-01 12.5 31.4 15.01) 38.21) 3 * 250 121 x 200 1.7 B25667A2757A375 4

Type 50 Hz 60 Hz CR d x h Weight Ordering code Packing

Output IR Output IRunit 2)

kvar A kvar A F mm kg

Rated voltage 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz, delta connection

MKK400-D-05-01 5.0 7.2 6.0 8.7 3 * 33 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A3996A375 6

MKK400-D-07.5-01 7.5 10.8 9.0 13.0 3 * 50 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A3147A375 6

MKK400-D-10-01 10.4 15.0 12.5 18.0 3 * 69 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A3207A375 6

MKK400-D-12.5-01 12.5 18.0 15.0 21.7 3 * 83 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A3247A375 6

MKK400-D-15-01 15.0 21.7 18.0 26.0 3 * 100 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A3297A375 6

MKK400-D-20-01 20.8 30.0 25.0 36.0 3 * 138 142 x 200 2.0 B25667A3417A375 4

MKK400-D-25-01 25.0 36.0 30.0 39.41) 3 * 166 142 x 200 2.2 B25667A3497A375 4


MKK415-D-05-01 5.0 7.0 6.0 8.4 3 * 31 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4926A375 6

MKK415-D-06.3-01 6.3 8.7 7.5 10.4 3 * 39 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4117A375 6

MKK415-D-10-01 10.4 14.5 12.5 17.4 3 * 64 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4197A375 6

MKK415-D-12.5-01 12.5 17.4 15.0 20.9 3 * 77 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A4237A375 6

MKK415-D-15-01 15.0 20.9 18.0 25.1 3 * 93 121 x 164 1.4 B25667A4277A375 6

MKK415-D-16.7-01 16.7 23.3 20.0 27.9 3 * 103 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A4307A375 6

MKK415-D-20-01 20.8 29.0 25.01) 34.81) 3 * 128 121 x 200 1.7 B25667A4387A375 4

MKK415-D-25-01 25.0 34.8 30.01) 41.81) 3 * 154 142 x 200 2.1 B25667A4467A375 4


1) Temperature class deviation 25/B max. 45 C2) Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit

or multiple thereof.

MKK440-D-05-01 5.0 6.6 6.0 7.9 3 * 27 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4826A375 6

MKK440-D-07.5-01 7.5 9.9 9.0 11.8 3 * 41 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4127A375 6

MKK440-D-10-01 10.4 13.7 12.5 16.4 3 * 57 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A4177A375 6

MKK440-D-11.2-01 11.2 14.7 13.4 17.7 3 * 61 121 x 164 1.4 B25667A4187A375 6

MKK440-D-12.5-01 12.5 16.4 15.0 19.7 3 * 69 121 x 164 1.4 B25667A4207A375 6

MKK440-D-14.2-01 14.2 18.7 17.0 22.4 3 * 78 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A4237A365 6

MKK440-D-15-01 15.0 19.7 18.0 23.6 3 * 82 121 x 164 1.6 B25667A4247A375 6

MKK440-D-18.8-01 18.8 24.7 22.6 29.6 3 * 103 142 x 200 2.0 B25667A4307A365 4

MKK440-D-20-01 20.8 27.3 25.0 32.8 3 * 114 142 x 200 2.1 B25667A4347A375 4

MKK440-D-25-01 25.0 32.8 30.01) 39.41) 3 * 137 142 x 200 2.3 B25667A4417A375 4

MKK440-D-28-01 28.2 37.0 33.81) 44.41) 3 * 154 142 x 200 2.5 B25667A4467A365 4

MKK440-D-30-01 30.0 39.4 3 * 164 142 x 200 2.5 B25667S4497J375 4



Three-Phase Capacitors

Customized products available upon request. Minimum order quantity 200 pieces.


20 EPCOS AG

Discharge resistors included

Dischargeresistorset

MKK480-D-05-01 5.0 6.0 6.0 7.2 3 * 23 121 x 164 1.1 B25667A4696A375 6

MKK480-D-06.5-01 6.5 7.5 7.8 9.0 3 * 29 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4866A375 6

MKK480-D-08.3-01 8.3 10.0 10.0 12.0 3 * 38 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4117A375 6

MKK480-D-10-01 10.4 12.5 12.5 15.0 3 * 48 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A4147A375 6

MKK480-D-12.5-01 12.5 15.1 15.0 18.1 3 * 58 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A4177A365 6

MKK480-D-15-01 15 18.1 18.0 21.7 3 * 69 121 x 200 1.7 B25667A4207A365 4

MKK480-D-16.7-01 16.7 20.0 20.1 24.0 3 * 77 121 x 200 1.8 B25667A4237A355 4

MKK480-D-20-01 20.8 25.0 25.0 30.1 3 * 96 142 x 200 2.2 B25667A4287A375 4

MKK480-D-25-01 25.0 30.0 30.01) 36.11) 3 * 115 142 x 200 2.4 B25667A4347A365 4

MKK480-D-31-01 31.0 37.0 3 * 143 142 x 200 2.4 B25667S4427J375 4





MKK525-D-06.3-01 6.3 6.9 7.5 8.3 3 * 24 121 x 164 1.1 B25667A5726A375 6

MKK525-D-08.3-01 8.3 9.2 10.0 11.0 3 * 32 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A5966A375 6

MKK525-D-10-01 10.4 11.5 12.5 13.7 3 * 40 121 x 164 1.4 B25667A5127A375 6

MKK525-D-12.5-01 12.5 13.8 15.0 16.5 3 * 48 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A5147A375 6

MKK525-D-15-01 15.0 16.5 18.0 19.8 3 * 58 121 x 200 1.7 B25667A5177A375 4

MKK525-D-16.7-01 16.7 18.4 20.0 22.1 3 * 64 121 x 200 1.8 B25667A5197A375 4

MKK525-D-20-01 20.8 22.9 25.0 27.5 3 * 80 142 x 200 2.2 B25667A5247A375 4

MKK525-D-25-01 25.0 27.5 30.01) 33.01) 3 * 96 142 x 200 2.5 B25667A5287A375 4

MKK525-D-30-01 30 33 3 * 115 142 x 200 2.4 B25667A5347J375 4








21EPCOS AG

MKK230-I-05-01 5.2 22.6 6.2 27.0 313 121 x 164 1.1 B25667A2317A175 6

MKK230-I-08.3-01 8.3 36.2 10.0 44.0 502 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A2507A175 6

Rated voltage 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz




MKK400-I-7.5-01 7.5 18.8 9.0 22.5 149 121 x 164 1.1 B25667A3147A175 6

MKK400-I-8.3-01 8.3 20.8 10.0 25.0 166 121 x 164 1.1 B25667A3167A175 6

MKK400-I-12.5-01 12.5 31.2 15.0 37.5 249 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A3247A175 6


MKK525-I-12.5-01 12.5 23.8 15.0 28.6 144 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A5147A175 6

MKK525-I-15-01 15 28.6 18.0 34.3 173 121 x 200 1.7 B25667A5177A175 4


Plastic protective case for capacitor

Capacitor For cable gland Cable diameter outside Dimensions Ordering code

l1 l2 l3 h

mm mm mm

121 x 164 IP54 913 134 110 177 243 B44066X9122A000

121 x 200 / 142 x 200 IP54 1018 154.5 130.5 186 280 B44066X9142A000

Plastic protective terminal cover

Capacitor For cable gland Cable diameter outside Dimensions Ordering code

d1 d2mm mm mm

121 x 164 PG 13,5 913 116 125 B44066K1211A000

121 x 200 PG 16 1014 116 125 B44066K1212A000

142 x 200 PG 21 1418 137 145 B44066K1421A000


Single-Phase Capacitors


1) Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.

Protective casefor capacitor

Protectiveterminal cover


22 EPCOS AG

KLK1393-M

50.

516

+1

M12

19.60

.5

16.80,5

Marking

h+40

d

1h

2

KLK1394-V

18

SW17

22

Creepage distance 12.7 mm min.

Clearance 9.6 mm min.

Nut C61010-A415-C15

Hex nutBM 12 DIN 439or

Toothed washerJ 12.5 DIN 6797

TorqueT = 10 Nm

TorqueT = 1.2 Nm

Impregnating hole

1 2

717

68.5

24h

3 15.5 8

KLK1392-E

l 3

27

l 1

l 1

KLK1645

d1

821

1)54

d 2

Cable gland

Capacitor Protective case for capacitor

Protective cover for terminal

Mounting

1) Perforation for second cable gland


Dimensional Drawings


23EPCOS AG

General

The new PhaseCap HD series isa follow-on development of theMKK AC series, covering thepower range above 40 through60 kvar with just one capacitor ina cylindrical aluminum case. ThePhaseCap HD is especially intend-ed for industrial applications withdemands for long life, constantcapacitance and high inrush cur-rent withstand capability, up to200 * IR.

Such applications require typicalpower steps of 25 or 50 kvarswitched by a PFC controller viaeach capacitor contactor. The newMKK AC series was developed toincrease packing density per bankand cut component costs.This means 60 kvar with only onecapacitor in a cylindrical aluminumcase, improved thermal responseand simplified installation.

PhaseCap HD PFC CapacitorsHeavy-duty type 50 kvar Gas-impregnated Wavy cut

Applications

Power factor correction Detuned capacitor banks

Features

Electrical Up to 60 kvar per case Low losses High pulse current

withstand capability (up to 200* IR)

Corona-free

Mechanical andmaintenance Reduced mounting costs Maintenance-free


disconnector Touch-proof terminals Long-term approved



24 EPCOS AG

The compact PhaseCap HDcapacitor is a self-healing, metal-ized polypropylene film capacitor. The current-carrying metal layer(electrode) is vapor-depositedonto one side of the film.


The entire capacitor is composedof three single-phase elementstacks. The electrodes are con-nected by metal spraying the faceends of the winding elements.The capacitor elements are deltaconnected. The winding elementsare housed in a cylindrical alu-minum case and hermeticallysealed by a press-rolled metal lid.


Dry technology: instead of aliquid impregnating agent, thecapacitor is filled with gas. Sothere is no risk of leaking oil.

Self-healing: the capacitorrepairs itself after overload (toIEC 831).

Overpressure disconnector: refer to page 10.


SIGUT terminals ensure reliableand straightforward connection,with benefits like: Protection against electric


Separate connection of dischargeresistors,


Cable cross-sections up to35 mm2,


Life expectancy of up to 130 000 operating hours

After a long drying phase undervacuum to eliminate moisture fromthe active element, the capacitor isimpregnated. The case is filled withinert gas and sealed. Then routinetests are performed for gas leakage.


Highest inrush current with-stand capability is crucial

Capacitors used for power factorcorrection undergo a lot of switch-ing operations. The high inrushcurrents that go along with thismust be handled without degradinguseful life. The pulse strength ofthis technology comes in particularfrom the enlarged, sensitive con-tact area (improved metal spray-ing). The breakthrough came with aSiemens patent called the wavycut, plus heavy-edge film design.

PhaseCap HD capacitors canhandle inrush currents of up to200 times rated current (max.5 000 switching operations p.a.according to IEC 831 standard).



25EPCOS AG





Overcurrent Imax 1.5 * IR including combinded effects of harmonics, overvoltages and capacitance tolerance






Test voltage, terminal/case VTC up to VR = 660 V: 3 000 VAC, 10 s






Mounting position upright



Discharge resistors discharge module included in delivery

Case extruded aluminum can

Enclosure IP20, indoor mounting




Number of switching operations max. 5 000 switchings per year according to IEC 831

Winding elements

Connected

Detail A Detail B

DisconnectedTear-off fuse disconnected

Terminal block



26 EPCOS AG


MKK400-D-40-21 40 58 48 69 3 * 265 142 x 317 4,4 B25669A3796J375 2

MKK400-D-50-21 50 72 601) 871) 3 * 332 142 x 355 4.7 B25669A3996J375 2

MKK 400 series: Rated voltage 400 VAC, 50/60 Hz, delta connection




kvar A kvar A F mm v

MKK440-D-40-21 40 52 48 63 3 * 219 142 x 317 4.4 B25669A4657J375 2

MKK440-D-50-21 50 66 601) 791) 3 * 274 142 x 355 4.7 B25669A4827J375 2


MKK525-D-40-21 40 44 48 53 3 * 154 142 x 355 4.7 B25669A5467J375 2

KLK1393-M

50.

516

+1

M12

32

0.5

24 0.5

Marking

TorqueT = 10 Nm

TorqueT = 2.5 Nm

Impregnating hole

Creepage distance 15 mm min.

Clearance 12 mm min.

h +51

d (14

21.5

)h

2

KLK1394-V

Nut C61010-A415-C15



18

SW17

22

Capacitor Mounting



(suitable also for 415 V with 7.6% higher output)





27EPCOS AG

WindCap PFC CapacitorsFor PFC in wind turbines 690 V grids Harmonic filtering applications

General

WindCap heavy-duty AC capaci-tors in cylindrical aluminum caseshave been designed for powerfactor correction and harmonicsfiltering in wind turbine and indus-trial applications with 690 Vrequirements.

The new WindCap series demon-strates excellent performance intough conditions. Highest reliabilityand low life cycle cost are achievedby a mean life expectancy of up to130 000 hours.

Wind turbine generators have apower factor < 1, meaning thatproducers have to add powerfactor correction to improve per-formance.

WindCap capacitors provide relieffrom reactive power and reduceohmic losses in transformers,supply cables and other electricaldistribution equipment.

Features

Electrical Low losses High pulse current


Corona-free

Mechanical andmaintenance Reduced mounting costs Any mounting position Maintenance-free

Safety Self-healing Overpressure disconnector Touch-proof terminals

(IP 20) Long-term approved

MKK AC design &technology


Applications

Wind turbine generatorapplications

Industrial applicationswith distorted electricalnetworks

Harmonic filtering For 690/800 V grids


28 EPCOS AG

The compact WindCap capacitor is a self-healing, metalized poly-propylene film capacitor using MKK technology with self-healingproperties. The current-carryingmetal layer (electrode) is vapor-deposited onto one side of the film.


Three electrically separate capaci-tor elements are wound concentri-cally in a single operation onto aninsulated metal core tube, whichguarantees excellent winding pre-cision. The electrodes are connect-ed by metal spraying the face endsof the winding elements.

The capacitor elements are deltaconnected to minimize losses.The compact MKK winding ele-ments are housed in a cylindricalaluminum case and hermeticallysealed by a press-rolled metal lid.


Dry technology: instead of aliquid impregnating agent, thecapacitor is filled with gas. Sothere is no risk of leaking oil.

Self-healing: the capacitorrepairs itself after overload(to IEC 831).



SIGUT terminals ensure reliableand straightforward connection,even in a parallel capacitor circuit,with benefits like: Simplified parallel connection, Protection against electric


Separate connection ofdischarge resistors,


Cable cross-sections up to 16 mm2,


Life expectancy of up to130 000 operating hours

After a long drying phase undervacuum to eliminate moisture fromthe active element, the capacitoris impregnated. The case is filledwith inert gas and sealed. Thenroutine tests are performed forgas leakage.



Capacitors used for power factorcorrection undergo a lot of switch-ing operations. The high inrushcurrents that go along with thismust be handled without degradinguseful life. The pulse strength ofthis technology comes in particular

from the enlarged, sensitive con-tact area (improved metal spray-ing). The breakthrough came witha Siemens patent called the wavycut, plus heavy-edge film design.WindCap capacitors can handleinrush currents of up to 300 timesrated current (max. 5 000 switchingoperations p.a. according IEC 831standard).



29EPCOS AG


Compact windingwith C1,2,3

Connected

Detail A Detail B

DisconnectedOverpressure tear-off fuse

Terminal block



Overcurrent Imax 1.5 * IR including combined effects of harmonics, overvoltages and capacitance tolerance






Test voltage, terminal/case VTC 6 000 VAC, 10 s






Mounting position random




Case extruded aluminum

Enclosure IP20, indoor mounting (optionally IP54)




Certification cUL file # E238746





30 EPCOS AG

MKK690-D-05-11 5 4.2 6 5 3 * 11 121 x 164 1.3 B25668A6336A375 6

MKK690-D-10-11 10 8.4 12 10.1 3 * 23 121 x 164 1.4 B25668A6676A375 6

MKK690-D-12.5-11 12.5 10.5 15 12.6 3 * 28 121 x 164 1.5 B25668A6836A375 6

MKK690-D-15-11 15 12.6 18 15.1 3 * 34 121 x 164 1.5 B25668A6107A375 6

MKK690-D-20-11 20.8 17.5 25 21 3 * 47 142 x 200 2.0 B25668A6137A375 4

MKK690-D-25-11 25 21 30 25.1 3 * 56 142 x 200 2.2 B25668A6167A375 4






MKK800-D-5-11 5 3.6 6 4.3 3 * 8 121 x 164 1.2 B25668A7246A375 6

MKK800-D-10-11 10 7.2 12 8.7 3 * 17 121 x 164 1.3 B25668A7496A375 6

MKK800-D-12.5-11 12.5 9.0 15 11.0 3 * 21 121 x 164 1.4 B25668A7626A375 6

MKK800-D-15-11 15 11.0 18 13.0 3 * 25 121 x 164 1.5 B25668A7746A375 6

MKK800-D-20-11 20 14.5 24 17.3 3 * 33 142 x 200 2.0 B25668A7996A375 4

MKK800-D-25-11 25 18.0 30 22 3 * 41 142 x 200 2.3 B25668A7127A375 4

MKK800-D-28-11 28 20 33 24 3 * 46 142 x 200 2.4 B25668A7137A375 4


MKK765-D-30-11 30 23 36 28 3 * 55 142 x 200 2.4 B25668A7167J375 4

Plastic protective case for capacitor

For Degree l1 x h l3 l2 Weight Ordering codecapacitor diameter of protection

mm mm mm mm kg

121 x 164 IP54 134 x 243 177 110 0.3 B44066X9122A000

121 x 200 IP54 154 x 280 186 130.5 0.6 B44066X9142A000

142 x 200 IP54 154 x 280 186 130.5 0.6 B44066X9142A000

Plastic protective terminal cover

For For For cable d1 d2 Ordering codecapacitor diameter cable gland

mm mm mm mm

121 x 164 PG 13.5 913 116 125 B44066K1211A000

121 x 200 PG 16 1014 116 125 B44066K1212A000

142 x 200 PG 21 1418 137 145 B44066K1421A000



1) Packing units for capacitors equal minimum orderquantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.


Protective casefor capacitor

Protectiveterminal cover


31EPCOS AG

KLK1393-M

50.

516

+1

M12

19.60

.5

16.80,5

Marking

h+40

d

1h

2

KLK1394-V

18

SW17

22

Creepage distance 12.7 mm min.

Clearance 9.6 mm min.

Nut C61010-A415-C15



TorqueT = 10 Nm

TorqueT = 1.2 Nm

Impregnating hole

1 2

717

68.5

24h

3 15.5 8

KLK1392-E

l 3

27

l 1

l 1

KLK1645

d1

821

1)54

d 2

Cable gland

Capacitor Protective case for capacitor


Mounting

1) Perforation for second cable gland




32 EPCOS AG

PhiCap PFC CapacitorsResin (Polyurethane) impregnated Stacked winding Dual safety system

General

PhiCaps are a tried and tested seriesof MKP (metalized polypropylene)capacitors from EPCOS which havebeen used for PFC applications formore than 15 years. The power range varies from 0.5 to 30.0 kvar and 0.7 to 6.0 kvar per single capacitor can, dependingon a three-phase or single-phase

capacitor design. The PhiCapcapacitor is especially intended forpower factor correction in industrialand semi-industrial applications.The capacitors are manufacturedusing metalized polypropylenefilm as the dielectric and housed ina cylindrical aluminum case.

Applications

Power factor correction(PFC)

Automatic capacitorbanks

Fixed PFC applications,e.g. motor compensation

Detuned PFC systems

Features

Electrical Up to 30 kvar per case for

three-phase applications Up to 6 kvar per case for

single-phase applications Long life expectancy up to

100 000 hours High pulse current with-

stand capability (up to200 * IR)

Mechanical &Maintenance Reduced mounting costs,

easy installation andconnection

Low weight and compactvolume

Maintenance-free


disconnector Insulated terminal (IP20)


33EPCOS AG


The PhiCap is a self-healing, metal-ized polypropylene film capacitor.The current-carrying AlZn metallayer is vapor-deposited onto oneside of the film.

Compact design low weightand small volume

The entire three-phase capacitor iscomposed of three single-phaseelement stacks. The electrodes areconnected by metal spraying theface ends of the winding elements. The winding elements are encapsu-lated in a cylindrical aluminum caseand hermetically sealed either by apress-rolled metal lid or plastic diskwith fast-on terminals.

Dual safety system

Self-healing: the capacitor repairsitself after overload (to IEC 831standard). Self-healing capabilityprevents permanent dielectricbreakdown in case of sporadicvoltage surges, overcurrent orovertemperature (to IEC 831).


Connection technology

SIGUT block-type terminal forB32344 series IP20 innovative clamping system

Fast-on terminals for B32340and B32343 series

Discharge resistors are includedin shipment.

PhiCap capacitor selection

To specify and select capacitors forPFC, several factors affecting theperformance and the expecteduseful life of the capacitors must beconsidered. Voltage Harmonics Temperature Total RMS current Inrush current/

switching operationsPermanent overvoltage shortensthe useful life of a capacitor. Thecapacitors rated voltage must beequal or higher than the operatingvoltage of the circuit to which it isconnected.

Harmonics produce overvoltageand overcurrent on the capacitorsthemselves. If the total harmonics

distortion level for voltage (THD-V)e.g. exceeds 5%, serious damage tothe installation may be caused bythe resonance of the circuit. In such cases usage of series re-actors (detuning) is recommended.

Operation of the capacitors abovethe upper category temperature levelwill accelerate degradation of thedielectric and shorten the capacitorsuseful life.

By keeping min. 20 mm spacing andPhiCap capacitors mounted inupright position, better thermal con-ditions will ensure best performanceand a longer useful life.

Residual voltage should not exceed10% of rated voltage for re-switchingcapacitors. During the charging peri-od of the capacitors the current is

very high if they are connected inautomatic capacitor banks, it is verylikely that discharged capacitors areconnected to charged ones alreadyconnected to the grid. In suchcases the maximum permissiblecurrent peak reaches values up to150 * IR.

During the switching process ther-mal and electrodynamic stressesare developed caused by transientovercurrents of high amplitudeand frequency and may damagethe system. Capacitor contactorswith preloading resistors or series-inductance (cable twins betweencontactor and capacitor) will avoidexcessive transient currents.


34 EPCOS AG

Life expectancy of up to 100 000 operating hours

After a long drying phase toeliminate moisture from the activeelement, the capacitor is impreg-nated. The case is filled withbiodegradable soft resin.



Capacitors used for power factorcorrection undergo a lot of switch-ing operations. The high inrushcurrents that go along with thismust be handled without degradinguseful life. The pulse strength ofthis technology comes in particularfrom the enlarged, sensitive contactarea (improved metal spraying).

PhiCap capacitors can handleinrush currents of up to 200 timesrated current (max. 5 000 switchingoperations p.a. according to IEC831 standard).

Power factor improvement

Active power meter Apparentpower

Capacitor forcompensation

Reactivepower meter

GridP

SQ



35EPCOS AG

Overpressure disconnector

Detail A

Detail B

Double fast-on terminal

Disconnected

WindingC 1, 2, 3

Connected

Standards IEC 831-1+2, IS: 13340/41


Overcurrent Imax 1.5 * IR including combined effects of harmonics, overvoltages and capacitance




Capacitance tolerance 0%/+10%

Test voltage, terminal/terminal VTT 2.15 * VR; AC; 10 s

Test voltage, terminal/case VTC 3 000 VAC, 10s







Mounting and grounding threaded M 12 (10 Nm) for case size diam. > 53mmM 8 ( 4 Nm) for case size diam. 53mm

Safety Self-healing technology, overpressure disconnector, maximum allowed fault current 10 000 A in accordance with UL 810 standard



Enclosure IP20, indoor mounting (optional IP54)


Impregnation biodegradable soft resin

Terminals SIGUT screw terminals for B32344-series, max. current 50 A, max 16 mm2 cable cross section, fast-on terminals for B32340- & B32343-series





36 EPCOS AG

MKP230-D-0.5 0.5 1.3 0.6 1.6 3 * 10 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C2002A530 12

MKP230-D-0.7 0.7 1.9 0.9 2.3 3 * 15 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C2002A730 12

MKP230-D-1.0 1.0 2.5 1.2 3.0 3 * 20 63.5 x 129 0.30 B32343C2012A030 12

MKP230-D-1.5 1.5 3.8 1.8 4.6 3 * 30 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C2012A530 12

MKP230-D-2.5 2.5 6.3 3.0 7.6 3 * 50 79.5 x 198 0.60 B32344C2022A530 6

MKP230-D-5.0 5.0 12.6 6.0 15.1 3 * 100 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C2052A030 4

MKP230-D-7.5 7.5 18.8 9.0 22.6 3 * 150 89.5 x 273 2.10 B32344C2072A530 4

MKP230-D-10.0 10.0 25.1 12.0 30.2 3 * 200 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C2102A030 4





MKP400-D-1.0 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.7 3 * 7 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A000 12

MKP400-D-1.5 1.5 2.2 1.8 2.6 3 * 10 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A500 12

MKP400-D-2.0 2.0 2.9 2.4 3.5 3 * 13 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4022A000 12

MKP400-D-2.5 2.5 3.6 3.0 4.3 3 * 17 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4022A500 12

MKP400-D-5.0 5.0 7.2 6.0 8.6 3 * 33 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4052A000 12

MKP400-D-6.3 6.3 9.1 7.5 10.8 3 * 42 79.5 x 198 0.60 B32344C4071A500 6

MKP400-D-7.5 7.5 10.9 9.0 13.1 3 * 50 79.5 x 198 0.90 B32344C4072A500 6

MKP400-D-8.3 8.3 12.0 10.0 14.4 3 * 55 79.5 x 198 0.90 B32344C4101A000 6

MKP400-D-10.0 10.0 14.4 12.0 17.3 3 * 66 79.5 x 198 0.90 B32344C4102A000 6

MKP400-D-12.5 12.5 18.1 15.0 21.7 3 * 83 89.5 x 273 1.30 B32344C4122A500 4

MKP400-D-15.0 15.0 21.7 18.0 26.0 3 * 99 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C4152A000 4

MKP400-D-20.0 20.0 28.9 24.0 34.7 3 * 132 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4202A000 4

MKP400-D-25.0 25.0 36.1 30.0 43.3 3 * 166 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4252A000 4


MKP415-D-1.0 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.6 3 * 6 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A010 12

MKP415-D-1.5 1.5 2.1 1.8 2.4 3 * 9 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A510 12

MKP415-D-2.0 2.0 2.8 2.4 3.4 3 * 12 53 x 114 0.40 B32343C4022A010 12

MKP415-D-2.5 2.5 3.5 3.0 4.2 3 * 15 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4022A510 12

MKP415-D-5.0 5.0 7.0 6.0 8.4 3 * 31 63.5 x 154 0.40 B32343C4052A010 12

MKP415-D-6.3 6.3 8.8 7.5 10.6 3 * 39 79.5 x 198 0.60 B32344C4071A510 6

MKP415-D-7.5 7.5 10.4 9.0 12.5 3 * 46 79.5 x 198 0.60 B32344C4072A510 6

MKP415-D-10.0 10.0 13.9 12.0 16.7 3 * 61 79.5 x 198 0.80 B32344C4102A010 6

MKP415-D-12.5 12.5 17.4 15.0 20.9 3 * 77 89.5 x 273 1.30 B32344C4122A510 4

MKP415-D-15.0 15.0 20.9 18.0 25.1 3 * 92 89.5 x 273 1.30 B32344C4152A010 4

MKP415-D-20.0 20.0 27.8 24.0 33.0 3 * 123 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4202A010 4

MKP415-D-25.0 25.0 34.8 30.0 41.7 3 * 154 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4252A010 4







37EPCOS AG

MKP440-D-0.9 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.3 3 * 5 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4011A040 12

MKP440-D-1.0 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.6 3 * 6 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A040 12

MKP440-D-1.2 1.2 1.6 1.5 2.0 3 * 7 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4011A540 12

MKP440-D-1.5 1.5 2.0 1.8 2.3 3 * 8 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A540 12

MKP440-D-2.1 2.1 2.7 2.5 3.3 3 * 11 53 x 114 0.40 B32343C4021A540 12

MKP440-D-2.5 2.5 3.3 3.0 3.9 3 * 13 63.5 x 129 0.30 B32343C4022A540 12

MKP440-D-4.2 4.2 5.5 5.0 6.6 3 * 23 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4051A040 12

MKP440-D-5.0 5.0 6.5 6.0 7.8 3 * 27 63.5 x 154 0.50 B32343C4052A040 12

MKP440-D-6.3 6.3 8.2 7.5 9.9 3 * 34 79.5 x 198 0.70 B32344C4071A540 6

MKP440-D-7.5 7.5 9.8 9.0 11.8 3 * 41 79.5 x 198 0.80 B32344C4072A540 6

MKP440-D-8.3 8.3 10.9 10.0 14.4 3 * 45 79.5 x 198 0.90 B32344C4101A040 6

MKP440-D-10.0 10.0 13.1 12.0 15.7 3 * 55 79.5 x 198 1.10 B32344C4102A040 6

MKP440-D-10.4 10.4 13.6 12.5 16.4 3 * 57 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C4121A540 4

MKP440-D-12.5 12.5 16.4 15.0 19.7 3 * 68 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C4151A040 4

MKP440-D-15.0 15.0 19.7 18.0 23.6 3 * 82 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C4152A040 4

MKP440-D-16.7 16.7 21.9 20.0 26.3 3 * 91 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4201A040 4

MKP440-D-20.8 20.8 27.3 25.0 32.8 3 * 114 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4251A040 4

MKP440-D-25.0 25.0 31.9 30.0 38.4 3 * 138 94.0 x 348 2.10 B32344C4252A040 2

MKP440-D-28.0 28.0 36.7 3 * 154 94.0 x 348 2.10 B32344C4282A040 2



Output IR Output IRunit1)


MKP-480-D-1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 2.2 3 * 7 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4012A580 12

MKP-480-D-2.0 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.9 3 * 9 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4022A080 12

MKP-480-D-2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.6 3 * 11 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4022A580 12

MKP-480-D-5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 7.2 3 * 23 79.5 x 198 0.80 B32344C4052A080 6

MKP-480-D-6.3 6.3 7.6 7.5 9.1 3 * 29 89.5 x 273 0.80 B32344C4071A580 4

MKP-480-D-7.5 7.5 9.1 8.9 10.8 3 * 34 89.5 x 273 0.80 B32344C4072A580 4

MKP-480-D-8.3 8.3 10.1 10.0 12.1 3 * 38 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C4101A080 4

MKP-480-D-10.4 10.4 12.5 12.5 15.0 3 * 48 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4121A580 4

MKP-480-D-12.5 12.5 15.0 15.0 18.0 3 * 57 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4151A080 4

MKP-480-D-15.0 15.0 18.1 18.0 21.7 3 * 69 89.5 x 348 1.70 B32344C4152A080 4

MKP-480-D-16.7 16.7 20.0 20.0 24.0 3 * 77 89.5 x 348 1.80 B32344C4162A780 4

MKP-480-D-20.8 20.8 25.0 25.0 30.1 3 * 96 89.5 x 348 2.00 B32344C4202A080 4


MKP-525-D-1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 3 * 4 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C5012A020 12

MKP-525-D-1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.0 3 * 6 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C5012A520 12

MKP-525-D-2.0 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 3 * 8 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C5022A020 12

MKP-525-D-2.5 2.5 2.7 2.7 3.0 3 * 9 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C5022A520 12

MKP-525-D-5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.6 3 * 19 79.5 x 198 0.44 B32344C5061A020 6

MKP-525-D-6.3 6.3 6.9 7.5 8.3 3 * 24 79.5 x 198 0.80 B32344C5071A520 6

MKP-525-D-8.3 8.3 9.2 10.0 11.0 3 * 32 89.5 x 273 1.30 B32344C5101A020 4

MKP-525-D-10.4 10.4 11.5 12.5 13.7 3 * 40 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C5121A520 4

MKP-525-D-12.5 12.5 13.7 15.0 16.5 3 * 48 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C5151A020 4

MKP-525-D-16.7 16.7 18.3 20.0 22.5 3 * 64 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C5201A020 4

MKP-525-D-20.0 20.0 22.9 25.0 27.5 3 * 80 89.5 x 348 2.00 B32344C5202A020 4

MKP-525-D-25.0 25.0 27.5 30.0 33.0 3 * 96 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C5252A020 4




Customized products available upon request. Minimum order quantity 200 pieces.1) Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple there of.


38 EPCOS AG

Capacitor B32343 series

Creepage distance 9.6 mm

Clearance 12.7 mm

Diameter d () 79.5 mm / 89.5 mm

Diameter d1 () 75.0 mm / 85.0 mm

Expansion max. 13 mm

Mounting

M12 M5

Torque T=10 Nm T=2.5 Nm

Toothedwasher J12.5 DIN 6797

Hex nut BM12 DIN 439


Creepage distance 10.5 mm ( 53) 10.0 mm ( 63.5)

Clearance 13.0 mm ( 53) 16.5 mm ( 63.5)

Diameter () 53 mm63.5 mm


Mounting

M12 M8( 63.5 mm) ( 53 mm)

Torque T=10 Nm T=4 Nm

Toothed J12.5 J8.0 washer DIN 6797 DIN 6797

Hex nut BM12 BM 8 DIN 439 DIN 439

Three-phase capacitors




39EPCOS AG

MKP-230-I-0.8 0.8 3.6 1.0 4.3 50 63.5 x 105 0.30 B32340C2002A830 12

MKP-230-I-1.7 1.7 7.2 2.0 8.7 100 63.5 x 142 0.40 B32340C2012A730 12

MKP-230-I-2.5 2.5 10.9 3.0 13.1 150 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C2022A530 12



Output IR Output IRunit1)


MKP-400-I-0.8 0.8 2.0 1.0 2.3 15 63.5 x 68 0.30 B32340C3001A880 12

MKP-400-I-1.7 1.7 4.2 2.0 5.0 33 63.5 x 68 0.30 B32340C4012A700 12

MKP-400-I-2.5 2.5 6.3 3.0 7.5 50 63.5 x 105 0.40 B32340C4022A500 12

MKP-400-I-3.3 3.3 8.4 4.0 10.0 66 63.5 x 105 0.40 B32340C4032A300 12

MKP-400-I-4.2 4.2 10.4 5.0 12.5 83 63.5 x 142 0.40 B32340C4051A000 12

MKP-400-I-5.0 5.0 12.4 6.0 15.0 99 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C4052A000 12


MKP-415-I-0.8 0.8 2.0 1.0 2.4 15 63.5 x 68 0.35 B32340C4082A310 12

MKP-415-I-1.7 1.7 4.0 2.0 4.8 31 63.5 x 105 0.45 B32340C4012A710 12

MKP-415-I-2.5 2.5 6.0 3.0 7.2 46 63.5 x 105 0.50 B32340C4022A510 12

MKP-415-I-3.3 3.3 8.0 4.0 9.7 62 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C4032A310 12

MKP-415-I-5.0 5.0 12.0 6.0 16.7 91 63.5 x 142 0.60 B32340C4052A010 12


MKP-480-I-0.7 0.7 1.5 0.8 1.7 10 63.5 x 105 0.30 B32340C4001A880 12

MKP-480-I-1.4 1.4 2.9 1.7 3.5 19 63.5 x 105 0.30 B32340C4011A780 12

MKP-480-I-2.1 2.1 4.3 2.5 5.2 29 63.5 x 105 0.50 B32340C4021A580 12

MKP-480-I-2.8 2.8 5.8 3.3 6.9 38 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C4031A380 12


MKP-525-I-1.4 1.4 2.6 1.7 3.1 15 63.5 x 105 0.30 B32340C5011A730 12

MKP-525-I-2.8 2.8 5.2 3.3 6.2 31 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C5031A330 12

MKP-525-I-3.3 3.3 6.3 4.0 7.6 38 63.5 x 142 0.60 B32340C5032A320 12

MKP-525-I-4.2 4.2 8.0 5.0 9.5 48 63.5 x 142 0.70 B32340C5051A020 12


MKP-440-I-0.7 0.7 1.6 0.8 1.9 11 63.5 x 68 0.30 B32340C4001A840 12

MKP-440-I-1.4 1.4 3.2 1.7 3.8 23 63.5 x 68 0.30 B32340C4011A740 12

MKP-440-I-2.1 2.1 4.7 2.5 5.7 34 63.5 x 105 0.40 B32340C4021A540 12

MKP-440-I-2.8 2.8 6.4 3.3 7.6 46 63.5 x 105 0.40 B32340C4031A340 12

MKP-440-I-3.3 3.3 7.6 4.0 9.1 55 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C4032A340 12

MKP-440-I-4.2 4.2 9.5 5.0 11.4 68 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C4051A040 12

MKP-440-I-5.0 5.0 11.4 6.0 13.6 82 63.5 x 142 0.60 B32340C4052A040 12





Single-Phase Capacitors


40 EPCOS AG

Discharge resistors

Single-phase capacitors


KLK1685-F

DischargeResistorSet

KLK1645

d1

821

1)54

d 2

Cable gland

in mm Ordering code

53 B44066K0530A000

63.5 B44066K0635A000

79.5 B44066K0795A000

89.5 B44066K0895A000


Creepage distance 10.0 mm

Clearance 16.5 mm

Diameter () 63.5 mm


Mounting

M12

Torque T=10 Nm

Toothed washer J12.5 DIN 6797

Hex nut BM12 DIN 439




41EPCOS AG

General

The winding element of the MKVAC capacitor consists ofpolypropylene film and paper. The paper layers, carrying metallayers on each side, are separatedby a polypropylene film, serving as dielectric. This winding construction con-tributes to achieve low lossesand high pulse current withstandcapability. For impregnation ofthe capacitor, oil is used. The oil

Applications

Power factor correction toimprove the power quality Applications with high

thermal loading PFC systems dealing

with harmonic loads AC applications in

industrial electronics, e.g. high dv/dt

Tuned harmonic filter

Features

Electrical Long life expectancy

(up to 150000 h) Maximum pulse current


Mechanical andmaintenance Easy installation and

connection Maintenance-free


disconnector

MKV PFC CapacitorsFor high ambient temperatures (up to +70 C) High overcurrent capability

impregnation (due to the paper film)enables good heat dissipationfrom the winding element to thealuminum cans surface, thus pre-venting hot spots in the windingelement.The capacitor is designed to coverambient temperatures of up to+70 C max.


42 EPCOS AG

MKV PFC CapacitorsFor high ambient temperatures (up to +70 C) High overcurrent capability



Standards IEC 831-1+2, EN 60831-1+2, VDE 560-46+47, UL 810 5th edition

Overvoltage Vmax VR + 10% (up to 8 h daily) / VR + 15% (up to 30 min daily),VR + 20% (up to 5 min daily) / VR + 30% (up to 1 min daily)

Overcurrent Imax max. 1.8 * IR (including combined effects of harmonics,overvoltages and capacitance tolerance)




Capacitance tolerance 5 +10%


Test voltage, terminal/case VTC VR 660 V: 3 000 VAC, 10 sVR 660 V: 6 000 VAC, 10 s


Ambient temperature max. temp. 70 C; max. mean 24 h = 55 C; max. mean 1 year = 45 C; lowest temperature = 25 C






Safety overpressure disconnector, self-healing



Enclosure IP00, indoor mounting

Dielectric paper and polypropylene film

Impregnation oil

Terminals screw terminals, max. current 50 A

Certification UL for B25836A5117A372, B25836A6926A372


MKV400-D-5-01 5.0 7.0 6.0 8.5 40 3 * 33 79.2 x 248 1.3 B25836A4996A372 2

MKV400-D-10-01 10.0 14.0 12.0 17.0 40 3 * 66 121.6 x 248 2.9 B25836A4197A372 2

MKV400-D-12.5-01 12.5 18.0 15.0 19.7 40 3 * 83 121.6 x 248 3.0 B25836A4247A372 2

MKV400-D-15-01 15.0 22.0 18.0 26.0 40 3 * 99 121.6 x 248 3.1 B25836A3297A372 2


Type 50 Hz 60 Hz Imax RMS CR d x h Weight Ordering code Packing


kvar A kvar A A F mm kg


MKV525-D-10-01* 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.2 40 3 * 38 99.3 x 248 2.1 B25836A5117A372* 2

MKV525-D-12.5-01 12.5 14.0 15.0 17.0 40 3 * 48 121.6 x 248 3.1 B25836A5147A372 2


MKV600-D-10.4-01* 10.4 10.0 12.5 12 40 3 * 30 121.6 x 248 3.1 B25836A6926A372* 2


MKV690-D-12.5-01 12.5 11.0 15 13.2 40 3 * 27 121.6 x 248 3.1 B25836A6836A372 2

1) Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. * Approval: ULOrders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.


PFC controller

Capacitorcontactor

Harmonicssuppressionreactor

Transformer

Low voltage

Grid high voltage

Protection

M3~

M3~

Load structure

Dischargereactor

Dynamic PFC

Current transformer

Capacitor

Overview

1

2

3

4

5

6

PFC capacitorsPhaseCap Premium .............. 16PhaseCap HD ...................... 23WindCap .............................. 27PhiCap .................................. 32MKVCap .............................. 41

PFC controllersBR604 and BR6000 series .... 44

Capacitor contactors .... 50

ReactorsAntiresonanceharmonic filter reactor .......... 54Discharge reactor.................. 60

Dynamic power factorcorrectionThyristor module TSM-LC ................................ 62

Fundamentals of PFCGeneral information................ 66Formulas ................................ 68Cautions, installation and maintenance.................... 71Selection tables...................... 75Detuned filtering .................... 77Table of required kvar ............ 79Component selection table .... 80

EPCOS AG 43

44 EPCOS AG

PFC Controller BR604 and BR6000 SeriesIntelligent User-friendly Cost-effective

General

Controllers for power factor correc-tion in low-voltage systems mea-sure the actual power factor andconnect or disconnect capacitorsto achieve a certain desired value(cos ).

The single-phase electronic mea-suring system detects the reactiveand active component of thenetwork through the current andvoltage path. From this it calculatesthe phase shift between the funda-mentals of current and voltageand compares this with the settarget power factor.

If there are deviations of the powerfactor, capacitor stages areswitched in and out by the con-troller. The contactor control logicis optimized, so that the desiredcos is achieved with minimumswitching operations, thus ensuringan optimized life cycle of thecapacitor bank.

The innovative PFC controllersBR604 (4 stages) and BR6000 (6and 12 stages) offer very intelligentc

epcos 5

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