envit: software tools for environmental field study hydrologic modeling hardware & field...
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ENVIT:ENVIT: Software Tools for Software Tools for Environmental Field Environmental Field StudyStudy
Hydrologic ModelingHydrologic Modeling
Hardware & Field EquipmentHardware & Field Equipment
User InterfaceUser Interface
HydroLab ProbeHydroLab Probe
GIS / GPSGIS / GPS
ENVIT:ENVIT:Hydrologic Modeling Hydrologic Modeling DivisionDivision
Anna Leos-UrbelAnna Leos-Urbel
Kevin RichardsKevin Richards
Eric LauEric Lau
Water Quality BackgroundWater Quality Background
November 1991 – 1000km toxic November 1991 – 1000km toxic algal bloom along Barwon and algal bloom along Barwon and Darling rivers in New South WalesDarling rivers in New South Wales
Summers 1991-1993 – non-toxic Summers 1991-1993 – non-toxic algal blooms in Grahamstown algal blooms in Grahamstown ReservoirReservoir
Australia spends $142-168 million Australia spends $142-168 million per year on monitoring quality per year on monitoring quality
Main Quality FactorsMain Quality Factors
TurbidityTurbidity SalinitySalinity Nutrients (N, P)Nutrients (N, P) Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria)Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) Fecal ColiformFecal Coliform
Strategies Strategies
Extensive monitoringExtensive monitoring– HITSHITS– Hunter Water CorporationHunter Water Corporation
Hunter Salinity Trading SchemeHunter Salinity Trading Scheme Contingency plansContingency plans Prevention measuresPrevention measures
Sampling LocationsSampling Locations
Tillegra Dam SiteTillegra Dam Site Chichester DamChichester Dam Glen Williams SiteGlen Williams Site Boags Boags
Hill/Seaham Weir Hill/Seaham Weir SiteSite
NerrigundahNerrigundah
Sampling AgendaSampling Agenda
Turbidity, Conductivity, Chlorophyll-aTurbidity, Conductivity, Chlorophyll-a Nitrate, nitrite, ammoniaNitrate, nitrite, ammonia Organo-phosphateOrgano-phosphate Total IronTotal Iron SilicaSilica CyanobacteriaCyanobacteria Fecal ColiformFecal Coliform
Assessment Against Assessment Against GuidelinesGuidelines
TillegrTillegraa
GlenGlen Boags Boags HillHill
TurbidityTurbidity MediuMediumm
LowLow MediumMedium
Conductivity Conductivity LowLow LowLow LowLow
ColiformColiform MediuMediumm
LowLow LowLow
Total NTotal N MediuMediumm
MediumMedium MediumMedium
Total PTotal P HighHigh MediumMedium HighHigh
ChlorophyllChlorophyll LowLow LowLow LowLow
CyanobacteCyanobacteriaria
-- -- Low Low
Expected Range of Results Expected Range of Results (January)(January)
TillegrTillegraa
GlenGlen Boags Boags HillHill
Turbidity Turbidity (NTU)(NTU)
88 8 8 88
Conductivity Conductivity ((μS/cm)μS/cm)
150150 175175 175175
Coliform Coliform (cfu/100ml)(cfu/100ml)
400400 175175 00
Chlorophyll Chlorophyll ((μg/L)μg/L)
44 11 77
CyanobacteCyanobacteria ria (cell/ml)(cell/ml)
-- -- ~500~500
Average Results (year)Average Results (year)
TillegraTillegra GlenGlen Boags Boags HillHill
Nitrate Nitrate (mg/L)(mg/L)
<0.01<0.01 0.030.03 0.070.07
Nitrite Nitrite (mg/L)(mg/L)
<0.01<0.01 <0.01<0.01 0.010.01
Ammonia Ammonia (mg/L)(mg/L)
0.020.02 0.030.03 0.060.06
PhosphorPhosphorus us (mg/L)(mg/L)
N/aN/a N/aN/a 0.0210.021
Silica Silica (mg/L)(mg/L)
10.610.6 12.812.8 12.112.1
Iron Iron (mg/L)(mg/L) 0.140.14 0.360.36 1.251.25
ENVIT:ENVIT:Hardware DivisionHardware Division
Jamie BradyJamie Brady
Trisha McAndrewTrisha McAndrew
Laura Rubiano GomezLaura Rubiano GomezAdvisor: Richard CamilliAdvisor: Richard Camilli
Project DescriptionProject Description
Protective Cover (GPS/iPAQ/Expansion Protective Cover (GPS/iPAQ/Expansion Pack/Cables)Pack/Cables)
External battery for HydroLab/iPAQExternal battery for HydroLab/iPAQ Power meterPower meter Flow meter modificationFlow meter modification Calibration materials and guidelines for Calibration materials and guidelines for
field equipmentfield equipment Parameters for manual probe GUIParameters for manual probe GUI
Water-proof CasingWater-proof Casing
AquapacAquapac– Modified to Modified to
accommodate accommodate cablescables
Power Jack Hydrolab
External Battery PackExternal Battery Pack
Hydrolab Hydrolab powerpackpowerpack– DC-DC converterDC-DC converter
Connects the Connects the systemsystem
Power meterPower meter
External Battery PackExternal Battery Pack
Connects iPAQ Connects iPAQ and HydroLab to and HydroLab to power sourcepower source
Power MeterPower Meter
Circuit DesignCircuit Design Determine:Determine:
– Voltages when 95%, 60%, 20% and 10% of Voltages when 95%, 60%, 20% and 10% of power remainingpower remaining
Use above voltages to find:Use above voltages to find:
– Resistor values for RResistor values for R11-R-R66
– Potentiometer valuePotentiometer value– Zener diode valueZener diode value
Put circuit board togetherPut circuit board together
Power Pack MonitorPower Pack Monitor
R4
R3
R5
R6
R2R1
P1
12vgreen
amber
amber
redZ1
1000
1000
1000
1000+12v
Values for the six resistors (R1- R6)and potentiometer (P1), are based on the voltage reference value chosen for the zener diode (Z1) and assuming an input current range for the operational amplifiers of between 1A and 100A. The op-amp used is a quad-input National Semiconductor
LM324. (http://www.national.com/ds/LM/LM124.pdf.)
R1 = 169 K
R2 = 499 K
R3 = 11 K
R4 = 11.3 K
R5 = 9.09 K
R6 = 249 K
SpectrophotometerSpectrophotometer
Figure out how it Figure out how it works!works!
Determine Determine elements we can elements we can test fortest for
Order necessary Order necessary supplies for tests supplies for tests and calibrationand calibration
SpectrophotometerSpectrophotometer
Parameters:Parameters:– AmmoniaAmmonia– Nitrate (LR, MR)Nitrate (LR, MR)– NitriteNitrite– PhosphatePhosphate– SilicaSilica
Future ImprovementsFuture Improvements
Design a waterproof casing for Design a waterproof casing for batterybattery
Better arrangement of wires Better arrangement of wires coming out from battery packcoming out from battery pack
Larger Aquapac or other protective Larger Aquapac or other protective cover to facilitate removal of iPAQcover to facilitate removal of iPAQ
ENVIT:ENVIT:User Interface User Interface DivisionDivision
Amy WatsonAmy Watson
Nancy ChoiNancy Choi
Kim SchwingKim Schwing
ENVITNoteENVITNote
Environmental software application for Environmental software application for hand-held, portable computers to be hand-held, portable computers to be used directly for gathering and storing used directly for gathering and storing data (an electronic journal).data (an electronic journal).
Record environmental and geolocational Record environmental and geolocational data automatically in the field.data automatically in the field.
Applications for hydrology sampling, Applications for hydrology sampling, water quality sampling, field mapping water quality sampling, field mapping (GIS) and positioning (GPS).(GIS) and positioning (GPS).
The UserThe User
Who is the user?Who is the user? What are the user’s goals?What are the user’s goals?
Graphical User Interface Graphical User Interface (GUI)(GUI)
““A program interface that takes A program interface that takes advantage of the computer’s advantage of the computer’s graphics capabilities to make the graphics capabilities to make the program easier to use. Well-program easier to use. Well-designed graphical user interfaces designed graphical user interfaces can free the user from learning can free the user from learning complex command languages.” complex command languages.” (www.pcwebopedia.com)(www.pcwebopedia.com)
GUI Group DeliverablesGUI Group Deliverables
User and Project setupUser and Project setup Control screensControl screens Interaction with databaseInteraction with database Computation applicationsComputation applications
User Centered DesignUser Centered Design
““Simple is better”Simple is better” Programs that flow logicallyPrograms that flow logically Understandable formatUnderstandable format Standardize functionalityStandardize functionality
Visual BasicVisual Basic Microsoft developed programming Microsoft developed programming
language and environment.language and environment. Based on the BASIC languageBased on the BASIC language Provides a graphical programming Provides a graphical programming
environment and a paint metaphor for environment and a paint metaphor for developing user interfaces.developing user interfaces.
Do not need to worry about syntax detailsDo not need to worry about syntax details Can add code by dragging and dropping Can add code by dragging and dropping
controls and then defining their controls and then defining their appearance and behavior. appearance and behavior.
Microsoft eMbedded Visual Microsoft eMbedded Visual Tools 3.0Tools 3.0
The Microsoft® eMbedded Visual Tools The Microsoft® eMbedded Visual Tools 3.0 delivers a complete desktop 3.0 delivers a complete desktop development environment for creating development environment for creating applications and system components for applications and system components for Windows® Powered devices, including Windows® Powered devices, including the Pocket PC and Handheld PC. the Pocket PC and Handheld PC.
The eMbedded Visual Tools include The eMbedded Visual Tools include eMbedded Visual Basic® and eMbedded eMbedded Visual Basic® and eMbedded Visual C++®, including SDKs for the Visual C++®, including SDKs for the Pocket PC, Palm-size PC, and Handheld Pocket PC, Palm-size PC, and Handheld PC. PC.
Components of the GUIComponents of the GUI
WelcomeWelcome LoginLogin Instrument IdentificationInstrument Identification Control Form – tab strip formatControl Form – tab strip format Menu Bar Options Menu Bar Options
WelcomeForm
ENVIT Note: Pocket PC ApplicationUser Interface Flow Chart
ENVITGrapher
Form
ENVITConverter
Form
ENVITCalculator
Form
ENVITSolverForm
Menu Bar Items
Help Form
Login Form
ControlForm
HydroLabFrame
StreamFlowFrame
ChemistryFrame
BiologyFrame
GPS Frame GIS Frame CommentsFrame
Tab Strip Items
ENVIT GPSForm
HydroLabCalibrate
Form
HydroLabManual
Input Form
HydroLabRecordForm
HydroLabConfigure
Form
StreamflowInput Form
End Form
Icon
Exit
InstrumentID Form
ViewSectionFrame
ViewSectionFrame
ArcPadForm
ENVIT:ENVIT:HydroLab Probe HydroLab Probe DivisionDivision
Arthur FitzmauriceArthur Fitzmaurice
Chrissy DobsonChrissy Dobson
Lisa WaltersLisa Walters
TasksTasks
Provide “black box” of deviceProvide “black box” of device Enable serial communication Enable serial communication
between iPAQ and HydroLabbetween iPAQ and HydroLab Enable user to calibrate HydroLab Enable user to calibrate HydroLab
sensors and collect water quality sensors and collect water quality datadata
Provide user with error and range Provide user with error and range checkcheck
Progression of the Progression of the Hydrolab GUIHydrolab GUI
Read HydroLab manualRead HydroLab manual Developed preliminary list of parameters Developed preliminary list of parameters
and unitsand units Researched calibration requirementsResearched calibration requirements Created GUI for calibrating parameters, Created GUI for calibrating parameters,
taking measurements, and displaying taking measurements, and displaying datadata
Developed list of ranges for each Developed list of ranges for each parameter and possible errorsparameter and possible errors
Parameters and UnitsParameters and Units
Chlorophyll Chlorophyll ((g/L)g/L)
ConductivityConductivity (mmHg, psia)(mmHg, psia)
– Salinity Salinity (ppt)(ppt)
– Specific Specific Conductance Conductance (ms/cm)(ms/cm)
– Resistivity Resistivity (k(k-cm)-cm)
– Total Dissolved Total Dissolved Solids Solids (g/L)(g/L)
DepthDepth (m, ft, psi)(m, ft, psi)
Dissolved Dissolved OxygenOxygen (mg/L, %Sat)(mg/L, %Sat)
pHpH TemperatureTemperature (K, (K,
F, C)F, C)
TurbidityTurbidity (NTU, V)(NTU, V)
When to Calibrate the When to Calibrate the SensorsSensors
Factory calibratedFactory calibrated Site –specificSite –specific Frequency of deploymentsFrequency of deployments
How to Calibrate a Sensor How to Calibrate a Sensor Example: Dissolved OxygenExample: Dissolved Oxygen
Select parameter: Dissolved Select parameter: Dissolved OxygenOxygen– Temperature does not require calibrationTemperature does not require calibration
Prepare sensor for calibrationPrepare sensor for calibration– Instructions for calibration preparation in Instructions for calibration preparation in
user manualuser manual
Choose %SatChoose %Sat Enter barometric pressure Enter barometric pressure (mmHg)(mmHg)
How to Take a How to Take a Measurement Measurement Example: Example:
Dissolved OxygenDissolved Oxygen
Select parameter: Dissolved Select parameter: Dissolved OxygenOxygen
Select units: Select units: % saturation, mg/L% saturation, mg/L
Multiple samples?Multiple samples?– Enter sampling time and units Enter sampling time and units (i.e. (i.e.
seconds, minutes, hours, days)seconds, minutes, hours, days)
– Enter time interval and unitsEnter time interval and units
Potential ErrorsPotential Errors
Hydrolab off or improperly connectedHydrolab off or improperly connected Serial port in use by other applicationSerial port in use by other application Battery not attached or not enough powerBattery not attached or not enough power Parameter called by user not available on Parameter called by user not available on
specific Hydrolabspecific Hydrolab Parameter called by user not calibratedParameter called by user not calibrated Calibration expired or not available for Calibration expired or not available for
parameterparameter Hydrolab data not within valid rangeHydrolab data not within valid range Time interval greater than total sampling timeTime interval greater than total sampling time
Progression of Serial Progression of Serial CommunicationCommunication
Researched serial communicationResearched serial communication Set up serial connectionSet up serial connection C++ code for each functionC++ code for each function
Linking the User to the Linking the User to the HydrolabHydrolab
DecisionBy User
Decision Translated Into Query
Query sent fromcontrol program (master)to hydrolab (slave)
Response sent from hydrolab (slave) to control program (master)
Response Translated Into Data Components
Data Sent to User and to Database
Queries of Interest to the Queries of Interest to the UserUser
Setup queriesSetup queries– Select parameter unitsSelect parameter units– (Choose other display options )(Choose other display options )
Calibration queriesCalibration queries– Calibrate parameters for use at specific siteCalibrate parameters for use at specific site
Report data queriesReport data queries– Collect and log dataCollect and log data
Format of the QueryFormat of the Query
Query = msg + CRC(msg)Query = msg + CRC(msg)
msg = Query definitionmsg = Query definition
CRC(msg) = error check functionCRC(msg) = error check function
msg Compositionmsg Composition
msg = addressmsg = address11 + function + function22 (+ sub- (+ sub-function + sub-sub-function) function + sub-sub-function) 33 + data + data byte sizebyte size44 + data + data55
1. Address is unique to hydrolab
2. Function is decision-specific
3. Sub-functions are parameter-specific
4. Data byte size is function- and sub-function- specific
5. Data is function- and sub-function-specific
1. Acquiring Hydrolab 1. Acquiring Hydrolab AddressAddress
QUERYQUERY 5 bytes5 bytes
Slave (broadcast) Slave (broadcast) AddressAddress
0000
FunctionFunction 4040
Data Block SizeData Block Size 0000
CRC Error CheckCRC Error Check ______
msg = Slave Address + Function + Data Block Size + Error Check
2. Function Designation2. Function Designation
Report Slave IDReport Slave ID 4040
Report Parameter SetupReport Parameter Setup 4949
Execute Parameter SetupExecute Parameter Setup 4A4A
Report Parameter Report Parameter CalibrationCalibration
4B4B
Execute Parameter Execute Parameter CalibrationCalibration
4C4C
Report Parameter DataReport Parameter Data 4D4D
3. Sub-function 3. Sub-function DesignationsDesignations
Sub-function = Parameter (1 to P)Sub-function = Parameter (1 to P) Sub-sub-function:Sub-sub-function:
a) Parameter Setupa) Parameter Setup Setup Variable Setup Variable
(1 to N)(1 to N)
b) Parameter b) Parameter CalibrationCalibration
Calibration Calibration Value Value
(1 to C)(1 to C)
2. Function Designation2. Function Designation
Report Slave IDReport Slave ID 4040
Report Parameter SetupReport Parameter Setup 4949
Execute Parameter SetupExecute Parameter Setup 4A4A
Report Parameter Report Parameter CalibrationCalibration
4B4B
Execute Parameter Execute Parameter CalibrationCalibration
4C4C
Report Parameter DataReport Parameter Data 4D4D
msg Compositionmsg Composition
msg = addressmsg = address11 + function + function22 (+ sub- (+ sub-function + sub-sub-function) function + sub-sub-function) 33 + data + data byte sizebyte size44 + data + data55
1. Address is unique to hydrolab
2. Function is decision-specific
3. Sub-functions are parameter-specific
4. Data byte size is function- and sub-function- specific
5. Data is function- and sub-function-specific
Query MessageQuery Message
QUERYQUERY 5 bytes5 bytes
Slave AddressSlave Address 0000
FunctionFunction 4040
Data Block SizeData Block Size 0000
CRC Error CheckCRC Error Check ______
Response MessageResponse MessageRESPONSERESPONSE 60 bytes60 bytes
Slave AddressSlave Address aaaa
FunctionFunction 4040
Data Block SizeData Block Size 3737
Manufacturer StringManufacturer String %16s%16s
Serial NumberSerial Number %8s%8s
Model StringModel String %16s%16s
Software Revision StringSoftware Revision String %5s%5s
MODBUS Support Revision MODBUS Support Revision StringString
%5s%5s
CRC Error CheckCRC Error Check ______
ENVIT:ENVIT:GIS/GPS DivisionGIS/GPS Division
Brian LouxBrian Loux
Aurora KagawaAurora Kagawa
Linda LiangLinda LiangAdvisors: Daniel Sheehan, Kan Advisors: Daniel Sheehan, Kan
LiuLiu
Project DescriptionProject Description
Provide GPS data and reference Provide GPS data and reference maps as part of field notebookmaps as part of field notebook
Display collected data on reference Display collected data on reference maps using GIS and edit as maps using GIS and edit as necessarynecessary
Conceptual Overview Conceptual Overview GIS/GPS ProjectGIS/GPS Project
Display as MapOn GIS
GPS data
Hydrolab / Stream data
Reference maps
Local Database
Raw Data iPAQ
Return results toDatabase
Server
Group GoalsGroup Goals
Obtain GPS data and send to field Obtain GPS data and send to field notebooknotebook
Provide maps for field referenceProvide maps for field reference Display data from server database Display data from server database
on reference mapson reference maps
Group TasksGroup Tasks
Write two scriptsWrite two scripts– Obtain GPS data using ArcPadObtain GPS data using ArcPad– Display data in ArcPadDisplay data in ArcPad
Create organization for data and Create organization for data and reference maps on iPAQsreference maps on iPAQs
Set up and test all iPAQsSet up and test all iPAQs
ResultsResults
Arcpad ScriptsArcpad Scripts Data Collected and Processed Data Collected and Processed
(MEng)(MEng) Shapefiles completedShapefiles completed iPAQs organized and loadediPAQs organized and loaded
Program: GPSWrite2FileProgram: GPSWrite2File
Takes in location from GPS unit and Takes in location from GPS unit and stores it as a local file on the IPAQstores it as a local file on the IPAQ– Open GPSOpen GPS– Stored as comma delimited file “gps.txt”Stored as comma delimited file “gps.txt”– File includes identifying keysFile includes identifying keys– Takes one reading every 5 seconds for 5 Takes one reading every 5 seconds for 5
minutesminutes– .txt file accessed by database.txt file accessed by database
Program: AddPointProgram: AddPoint
A function that plots specified dataA function that plots specified data– User selects which measured quantity User selects which measured quantity
they wish to seethey wish to see– Each point represents a datumEach point represents a datum– Background map of AustraliaBackground map of Australia– Points show up on prewritten shapefilesPoints show up on prewritten shapefiles
Data CollectionData Collection
30 meter resolution data30 meter resolution data Processed by Kevin and EricProcessed by Kevin and Eric
ShapefilesShapefiles
Required to plot Required to plot datadata
Color Coded Color Coded Prepared ranges Prepared ranges
What Each iPAQ Will Need:What Each iPAQ Will Need: ArcPad version 6 beta 5ArcPad version 6 beta 5 ArcPad scriptsArcPad scripts GPS ReceiverGPS Receiver Maps of AustraliaMaps of Australia Projection dataProjection data ShapefilesShapefiles GIS/GPS Folder structureGIS/GPS Folder structure
Structure of iPAQ dataStructure of iPAQ data
My Device My Documents
GPS Files
GIS DB
GIS Map
GIS Shape
GIS Shape2
Future Work in CambridgeFuture Work in Cambridge
Fixing integration with databaseFixing integration with database Loading and testing all iPAQsLoading and testing all iPAQs Field test December 14thField test December 14th Form backup strategy for filesForm backup strategy for files
Future Work in AustraliaFuture Work in Australia
Evening preparation of dataEvening preparation of data– Clipping reference materialsClipping reference materials– Reload iPAQsReload iPAQs
Help others use ArcPadHelp others use ArcPad
AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements
Enrique VivoniEnrique Vivoni Richard CamilliRichard Camilli Daniel Daniel
SheehanSheehan Sheila FrankelSheila Frankel Don FrankelDon Frankel Kan LiuKan Liu
Rose LiuRose Liu Keyuan XuKeyuan Xu Mario Mario
RodriguezRodriguez Neeraj AgarwalNeeraj Agarwal Ching-Hieu TsoChing-Hieu Tso Russ SpielerRuss Spieler