environmental mapping: drones, aerial or satellite images?

Inge Melotte / Vincent Tigny

ENVIRONMENTAL MAPPING DRONES, AERIAL OR SATELLITE IMAGES?

28 june 2016

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Agenda

INTRODUCTION

DRONES: HYPE OR REAL OPPORTUNITY?

THE LATEST TRENDS IN SATELLITE OBSERVATION

HOW TO CHOOSE THE BEST PLATFORM?

GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016

In a nutshell …

FLEXIBLE SOLUTIONS!

SOLID PARTNERS.

▶  Independent SME ▶  Created in 1994 ▶  Based in Leuven &

Gembloux ▶  55 geospatial experts ▶  Clients: governments,

multilateral organizations and NGOs, industries

▶  ISO 9001 certified

GIS & AUTO DATA PROCESSING GIS APPS DEVELOPMENT

EARTH OBSERVATION LOCATION INTELLIGENCE

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A unique profile !


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WHICH IMAGE best fits MY NEEDS?

Earth Observation Data


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SATELLITE IMAGERY & ELEVATION PRODUCTS

Our EXPERTS help YOU CHOOSE !

FRESH COLLECTION

5 m 30 cm 3.000 EUR FREE

Vlaams Brabant ENTIRE EUROPE

geoTIFF MrSID

InfraRED

By the end of next week

Recent imagery

Archive

Earth Observation Data


Provide evidences of the bombing of Kunduz hospital

▶  No clue WHAT data and HOW to procure

▶  DETAILED enough and high QUALITY!

▶  FAST!

Observe remote locations from your desk

Use case: International & NGOs

Select best route, locate and design the transmission towers ▶  ACCURATE and RECENT characterization of the TERRAIN

▶  PLS-CAD format

▶  ≠ project phases ≠ accuracy ≠ budgets

▶  Unreliable local surveyors and sometimes zones not accessible for geopolitical reasons

Plan high voltage overhead power lines

Use case: Utilities & Infrastructure

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Independence & Expertise

The RIGHT PRODUCT For the RIGHT JOB In the RIGHT FORM

Benefits


UNLOCK VALUE FROM IMAGERY

EO Core business

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Object-Based Image Analysis COLOR but also SHAPE + SIZE + TEXTURE + RELATIONS

Information extraction Services


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Hardware / Software


LARGE TERRITORY

DRONE SATELLITE AERIALS

SPEED ACCURACY

SPECIFIC ACTIONABLE RELEVANT

How we make the difference?

Inge Melotte

DRONES: HYPE OR REAL OPPORTUNITY?

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Types of drones

WIDE VARIETY OF DRONE PLATFORMS: FROM TOYS TO PROFESSIONAL TOOLS


Drones and the law

THE SKY IS NOT THE LIMIT

▶  Specific obligations for drone operators and manufacturers ▶  Four categories: recreational & low/medium/high risk ▶  Safety inspired, based on prior risk analysis

Diversity in drone sensors

Multispectral RGBNIR

Others LIDAR…

RGB VIDEO

RGB COMPACT

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▶  From simple visualization of images ▶  To stitching images together (mosaicking) ▶  To generation of an orthomosaic (orthorectification) ▶  And production of DSM & DTM (photogrammetry)

Post-processing of drone images


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EO expertise & Application knowledge

FERTILIZATION RECOMMENDATIONS GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016

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EO expertise & Application knowledge

TREE CROWN DELINEATION GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016

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Professionalisation of the drone sector

TESTING IN THE DRONE INDUSTRY

Drone capabilities & constraints

Coverage

Altitude

Spectral bands Spatial resolution

Frequency Sensor cost/size

Sensor stability

Battery performance

Digital Elevation Model Positional accuracy

DRONE PLATFORM

SENSOR DRONE IMAGERY

Drone capabilities & constraints

Training Capital cost Drone crashing

Insurance Area of interest

Authorizations

Human resources Time from order to delivery

LOGISTICS

ECONOMICS & RISKS

Flexibility

Capabilities & constraints

Drone imagery

▶  + Cost-effective (smaller projects) ▶  + (Frequent) acquisitions on demand ▶  + Very high spatial resolution (cm) ▶  + Unaffected by cloud coverage

▶  - Small single-flight coverage ▶  - Restrictions by drone legislation ▶  - Operations susceptible to bad weather ▶  - Human resources needed

Aerial imagery


▶  + Large single-flight coverage ▶  + High spatial resolution (>7cm) ▶  + Broad spectral capabilities

▶  - Typically extensive (not for smaller projects)

▶  - Image timing controlled by provider ▶  - Operations susceptible to bad weather ▶  - Flight approval required ▶  - Aircraft availability may be limited in

remote regions

Satellite imagery


▶  + Extensive coverage ▶  + Broad spectral capabilities ▶  + Sensor stability

▶  - Relatively low spatial resolution (>30cm)

▶  - Image timing controlled by provider ▶  - Limited coverage in some regions ▶  - Imagery susceptible to cloud cover

Benefits of drones

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▶  Higher spatial resolution ▶  Cloud free images ▶  Elevation data available


Limitations & GIM solutions

IMAGE DISTORTIONS ADAPTED

WORKFLOW

LOW SPECTRAL QUALITY & HETEROGENEITY

PER HOMOGENEOUS AREA

LOW QUALITY DSM ADAPTED WORKFLOW

Limitations & GIM solutions

HIGH QUALITY DSM

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MINIATURISATION

Evolution of drone technology


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FULL AUTONOMY



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CLOUD-BASED



Vincent Tigny

THE LATEST TRENDS IN SATELLITE OBSERVATION

New ecosystem

Small is the new Big!

Dove Skysat Landsat 8 Worldview-3

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Constellations

SMALL. CHEAP. NUMEROUS.

New business model


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ELON MUSK

Commercial launches


Innovative launchers

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▶  Recovering parts ▶  Using different platforms: ISS, planes…


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Venture Capitalists


12% 52% For EO and Remote Sensing Purposes

Between 2000 and 2750 Nano/Micro-Satellites to be launched from 2016 to 2020

Booming!

UrtheCast

Terra Bella Nor Star Space Data Planet Labs

Dauria BlackSky Global

Hera Systems

OmniEarth

Axel Space Aquila Space

MORE DATA, MORE INFORMATION, MORE OFTEN

HIGHER REPETITIVITY Satellogic

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No tasking

VIEW. SELECT. DOWNLOAD.

New data access


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MAIN ASSETS: EXAMPLES FROM GIM ENHANCED PORTFOLIO

Satellite imagery


GIM enhanced portfolio

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K3, Manila, March 2015 - Sub-meter in the afternoon / New tasking at archive price

Planet, Naples, June 2016 - Daily nadir imagery by end 2016

TripleSat, Rimini, August 2015 - High spatial and temporal resolution



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WV3, Sao Paulo, September 2014 - WorldView-4 true 30 cm imagery by mid-September

Iris, Paris, June 2016 - UltraHD full-color videos

KazEOSat-1, Madrid, June 2015 - Cost-effective high resolution


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WorldDEM - 12m globally off-the-shelf

Vricon 3D and DSM - 50 cm & 10m on demand

Nextmap - Europe @ 5m off-the-shelf


A complete range

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swath

resolution

price

12km 60km 290km

30cm 1m 10m

XX €/km² free GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016

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Free and open data

DATA IS NO LONGER A PRODUCT, RATHER RAW MATERIAL. OPPORTUNITY FOR VALUE-ADDING SERVICES!


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Historical info & temporal evolution

ARCHIVE IMAGERY SINCE THE 70TIES

TIME SERIES GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016

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Consistent information

UNIFORM COVERAGE (RADIOMETRY, ILLUMINATION, ANGLE, SEASONALITY, …)

LARGE AREAS COLLECTION REGULAR UPDATE


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Rich and timely information

SPECTRAL INFORMATION FAST DELIVERY

NO LOGISTICAL CONSTRAINTS GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016

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Stable platforms

FEWER DISTORTIONS However…

INTERACTIONS WITH THE ATMOSPHERE GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016

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Cloud cover

HIGHER REVISIT RATES LIVE WEATHER DATA

DIFFERENT EQUATOR CROSSING TIME GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016

TODAY'S TECHNOLOGY FOR TOMORROW'S FARMER

Smart Farming Services

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SPOT THE ZONES REQUIRING

SPECIAL ATTENTION

Industrial Agriculture


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SOIL PROPERTIES

Understand variations in crop conditions


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WATER STRESS



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WEED DEVELOPMENT



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DISEASES



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PESTS GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016


THE FARMER’S VIEW

THE SATELLITE'S

VIEW

THE PROCESSED

DATA THE SMART INSIGHT

How GIM differentiates ?

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▶ Which parcels to skip? ▶ What issue in which field? ▶ Where to look in this field?

▶ Location, extent and severity of issues ▶ For informed decision

How do we make his life simpler?


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THE RIGHT

INPUT THE

RIGHT AMOUNT

THE RIGHT TIME THE RIGHT LOCATION

The farmer’s decisions


AUTOMATED EXTRACTION OF LANDSCAPE ELEMENTS

Features extraction Services

Public authorities

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AUTOMATED WATER EXTRACTION

Public authorities


AUTOMATED URBAN TREES EXTRACTION

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AUTOMATED SLUM DWELLING EXTRACTION

International & NGOs


Insurance

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CUSTOMIZED LUCL AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016

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AUTOMATED BUILDINGS EXTRACTION

Insurance


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AUTOMATED NATURAL ELEMENTS EXTRACTION

Utilities & Infrastructure


It's time for a break!

HOW TO CHOOSE THE BEST PLATFORM FOR YOUR APPLICATION?

Vincent Tigny

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▶  Your AOI: location, size, shape ▶  Your application / Information to visualize or extract ▶  Your constraints: timing, budget ▶  Your tools

Key elements to consider


Concrete application

UNLOCK VALUE FROM IMAGERY TO HELP STOPPING POLIO

Context & needs

LOCATE EVERY LAST CHILD TO INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF VACCINATION CAMPAIGNS


Challenges

▶  Territory: > 3x

▶  Resolution: 50cm

▶  Size: 12 Tb

▶  Amount of structures to extract: 500.000 20.000 1.500

VOLUME OF DATA

to be collected and processed

Challenges

▶  Conditions during acquisition

▶  Varying landscape

▶  Seasonality

▶  Variation in built-up areas

VARIETY

in imagery and structures

Challenges

▶  Continuous data flow: daily

▶  Immunization campaigns: weekly

▶  Development of the image processing chain: 3 weeks

▶  Fine-tuning the parameters: 1h/image

▶  Processing (with QC): 4,5 mois

VELOCITY data collection and use of the info

Achievement

▶  Cities, Villages, Hamlets, Compounds, Huts, … all connected to the road network (3 categories)

▶  Rivers and water bodies

UP-TO-DATE

operational map that makes a difference!

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Unprecedented accuracy

Detection rate >95% and consistency over the entire territory

EVEN THE SMALLEST SETTLEMENTS ARE DELINEATED! GIM GeoTrends Seminar EO – Vincent Tigny / Inge Melotte - June 2016

FACTS and FIGURES

ROADS and TRACKS

LAKES and RIVERS

ALL types of SETTLEMENTS

Recap

Combination will be key!

MULTI- SENSORS

MULTI- RESOLUTIONS

MULTI- DATES

THANK YOU !

[email protected] [email protected] +32 16 40 30 39

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environmental mapping: drones, aerial or satellite images?

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