environmental issues in africa
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Environmental Issues in Africa. Water: pollution & distribution Soil and Deforestation Desertification. Final Statement. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Environmental Issues in Africa
Water: pollution & distribution
Soil and Deforestation
Desertification
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Final Statement
The environment is directly related to the economic success of a country. Water affects all aspects of a country’s economy. It is needed for agriculture (Crops), trade success (Coastline) , industry (Operate Machinery and create products), and the workforce (Clean drinking water).
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Water Issues
• Pollution- due to pesticides, fertilizers, human waste, mining, and manufacturing.
• Half of the hospital patients in Africa are due to unclean drinking water.
• This impacts the economy by reducing the workforce.
• With population increase, clean drinking water decreases.
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Other Water Facts
• Only 47% of people in sub-Saharan Africa have access to safe drinking water.
• Industry is not the primary cause of water pollution in Africa.
-Natural problems- snails, worms, insect larvae, & other parasites.
-These organisms cause waterborne diseases which reduce life-
expectancy, lessen the quality of life, and decrease economic growth.
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What Does Polluted Water Do?
• Harms the fishing industry• Ruins the land- There is an average of two
oil spills a day in Nigeria.• While a country benefits from income
generated by industry, it suffers due to pollution created by the industry.
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Water- A Shrinking Supply• Few places in
rural Africa have plumbing or water purification.
• Women and children walk daily to the nearest stream to collect water….. One bucket at a time.
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Facts
• Climate change, deforestation, and population growth have contributed to a water imbalance.
• Agriculture used to get 88% of the water supply. Since many are moving to the cities, water is being diverted there.
• Irrigation systems are in need of repair• Lake Chad has shrunk 95% in the last 40
years.
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Facts• There is a tug of war between urban
populations and farmers.
• Since the bulk of trade in Africa is with countries outside of the continent, Landlocked countries are the poorest.
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Soil Deforestation• Nearly 90% of
coastal rainforests in West Africa have been cut down since the 1900’s.
• In the 1990’s, 13 million acres of African forest logged.
• This causes erosion and loss of nutrients.
• Erosion has harmed 75% of Africa’s soil
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The Sahara- Getting Larger
• Between the Sahara Desert and the rainforests is the Sahel.
• This is a grassland area that has been affected due to poor farming practices, land clearing, overgrazing livestock, and drought.
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Sahara and Sahel
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Cause and Effect of Unequal Water Distribution
Issue Cause Effect
Not enough water for irrigation
Problems with trade
Problems with Industry
Not enough clean drinking water
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Cause and Effect of Unequal Water Distribution
Issue Cause Effect
Not enough water for irrigation
Cities consume it Farming suffers; less food to trade
or eat
Problems with trade
Countries with no coastline trade
less
Economy suffers; less growth
Problems with Industry
Industries need water
Industries do not grow if they don’t
have water
Not enough clean drinking water
People and animals get sick
Hurts economy