environmental impact of nuclear power plants
TRANSCRIPT
PRINCIPLES OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
NPP INTERACTIONS WITH ITS ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
© EDF – Matthieu Colin
Noise baseline
NOISE IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Baseline noise measurements are made on the NPP area, at boundary of site and at the nearest habitations to : - characterize sound emissions of equipments
- determine sound level at measurement points - validate digital models
Noise impact assessment Acoustic modelling with Code Tympan : simulation of the propagation of industrial noise in the environment
Fauna, flora
Human activities
Soil
Surface water
Radioecology
Air and climatic factors
Population Wastes
Chemical products
Nuclear fuel
Water abstract
Gaseous Discharges
(radioactive, chemical)
Electricity
Noise & vibrations, Light
emissions, Socio economics,
Land use, Ecology, Protected
species ….
Operational wastes
(radioactive & non radioactive)
Liquid Discharges
(radioactive, chemical, thermal)
Ce document est la propriété d’EDF SA. Toute communication, même partielle, est interdite sauf autorisation.
Sébastien LESTERLE - EDF – DPNT – DIPDE – D2ED - SE
Noise mitigation - digital models allow to locate and prioritize the main sound sources and to define soundproofing objective - soundproofing measures are then implemented (example : modification of the design of the main “contributor” equipment)
Plume
InhalationDeposit
Plume
Soil exposition
Beach sedimentsSea water
Ingestion
Fishery products
Gaseousreleases
Liquidreleases
Ingestion
Inhalation
milk
meat
vegetable
NPP NPP
RADIOLOGICAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
TO THE PUBLIC
Calculation of the annual effective dose to the representative person (Sv/year)
=> comparison to the limit dose value for the public (1 mSv/y)
Objective to assess the radiological impacts to the public due to radioactive discharges (gaseous &
liquid) and direct radiation
Identification of the human exposure pathways Realistic assumptions of the behaviour and dietary patterns of representative members exposed public are taken into account Transfers of radionuclides in the environment to the human people are assessed using the modelling platform SYMBIOSE .
CHEMICAL DISCHARGES HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Inventory of all substances in chemical discharges Selection of the chemical substances to be adressed
Hazard identification and Dose-response assessment
For selected substances, relationship
between dose of chemicals and incidence of adverse health effects
Exposure assessment
Characterization of magnitude, frequency and duration of chemicals
exposure (Habits data, food consumption rates,…)
Risk characterization
Estimating the potential for adverse health effects by integrating the
information from the dose-response assessment with the exposure
assessment consumption rates, …)
© EDF – Martina Cristofani
IMPACT OF CHEMICALS ON THE AQUATIC
ENVIRONMENT
• A single substance approach • Definition of the discharges scenarios / two scenarios studied : - representative of the means and the high impacts • Comparison between cumulative concentrations and relevant water quality standards
1
2
Comparison of PEC to relevant benchmark (CQEL water quality grid, ecotoxicological value, PNEC) > If water quality changes or PEC/PNEC >1 or PEC > ecotox value => step 2
Need of further justification (e. g. indepth analysis of ecotoxicological data, use of ecological surveys)
© EDF – Philippe Eranian