ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND LIVING ORGANISMSLIVING ORGANISMS

Anna Anna DamianovaDamianova, Ivan , Ivan SivrievSivriev, Anton Antonov, Anton AntonovNiNina na NikolovaNikolova

Laboratory of Radiobiology, BEOLaboratory of Radiobiology, BEOInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear EnergyInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy

Bulgarian Academy of SciencesBulgarian Academy of Sciences

•• The Biosphere is exposed on the influences of The Biosphere is exposed on the influences of different impacts.different impacts.

•• In a study of global atmospheric changes one of In a study of global atmospheric changes one of the main tasks is the evaluation of their complex the main tasks is the evaluation of their complex effect on the biota.effect on the biota.

•• The prolonged influence of one or several The prolonged influence of one or several harmful factors (even with low intensity) on the harmful factors (even with low intensity) on the organisms reduce their compensatory adaptive organisms reduce their compensatory adaptive possibility.possibility.

•• Among the main environmental factors are the Among the main environmental factors are the radiation and chemical influences radiation and chemical influences ––both can both can cause genetic damages.cause genetic damages.

Some Results up to now

Radiation influence

• The use of gamma-radiation sources aimed the investigation of low doses gamma radiation (corresponding to 100 times higher background) on the organisms.

• The gamma radiation dose of 90 μSv retains the development of the organisms.• The complete inhibition of the process has been observed at 1800 µSv doses.

Fig.1 Influence of different increasing doses of gamma-radiation on the development of M.arenaria

Fig.2 Influence of increasing doses of alfa-radiation on the development of M.arenaria

• The impact of the increasing doses of α – radiation gradually reduce the number of the organisms.

• The dose higher than 150 Sv has a stronger effect and the dose of 600 Sv stop their development.

Fig.3 Influence of increasing doses of alfa-radiation on the development of M.arenaria protected by glycoproteid membrane

• In the process of investigations a presence of protective mechanism has been observed in the organisms- glycoproteid membrane is active till the dose of 400 Sv.

• Part of the effects observed probably are due to the development in the process of evolution of a protective mechanism in order to adapt the organisms to the modifying of the radiation background.

Influence of chemical elements

Chemical elements are transferred on the Biosphere from the original sources to the ecosystems until they reach an equilibrium.Accumulation of chemical elements from anthropogenic origin have the potential to disturb the delicate balance attained within the organisms.Some of the elements with high accumulative capacity (Pb,Hg,Cu,V etc.) in high doses disturb the balance within the organisms.

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Additional input of Vanadium to the soil causes a high accumulation of the element in the plants.

Fig. 5 Dynamic of the accumulation of different concentration of Cu in F.antipyretica

The accumulation of Cu reach constant high level in two weeks time independently of the concentrations used

The Cu accumulation gives rise to a disbalance in the microelement content

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Fig.6 Influence of Cu accumulationon Zn content in F.antipyretica

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Fig. 7 Influence of Cu accumulationon Mn content in F.antipyretica

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Fig.8 Influence of Cu 2+ (curve 1) and bryophytes F.antipyretica (curve 2) on the energy spectrum of water

A special attention is given to the pollution influence on the energy spectra and the structure of water as the most wide spread part and center of the biological systems.The variations of the environmental parameters influence on the living organisms also via the changes in the water intramolecular energy spectrum.The presence of the plants (bryophytes) in the water stabilizes the energy of water H-bounds and increases the water activity.

Fig. 9 The capacity of modified zeolite and the adsorption of low concentration of Cu (NO3)2 in water solution

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The application of techniques (zeolite adsorption) shows an opportunity for Cu reduction and restoration of the normal status quo of the medium.

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Fig. 10 The capacity of modified zeolite and the adsorption of high concentration of Cu (NO3)2 in water solution

A1. Diversification, broadening and enhancement of Internationalcollaboration and cooperation in the field of:

evaluation and study of process of exposure to complex environmental factors (toxic elements, radioactivity) of the living organismsinvestigation of the correlations between the harmful influence and the organisms responseinvestigation of the influence of some toxic elements on the microelement balance and biological parameters of the organismsestimation of the pollution influence on the energy spectra of the water in biological systems

We look forward for future active collaboration in the area of radioecotoxicology and beneficial to the

environmental results in order to protect the life on our planet

Contact: Anna DamianovaLaboratory of RadiobiologyBEO MoussalaInstitute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences72, Tzarigradsko shaussee blvd.,184 Sofia, BULGARIATel.: (+358 2)7144-376; Fax: (+359 2) 9753619E- mail: andam@inrne.bas.bg