Environmental Cleanupof the Idaho National Laboratory Site

Status ReportFebruary 2008

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Panelists

Introductions Jeff Bradford, Session Chair Overview Allen SchubertTank Farm Closure Keith QuigleyBuried Waste Brandt MeagherRemote-handled Transuranic Waste Scott AndersonFacility Demolition/Disposition Jim Floerke

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About the Idaho National Laboratory Site

890 square milesOriginally established in 1949 as a national reactor testing stationCleanup focuses on 5 majorgeographic areas• Idaho Nuclear Technology

and Engineering Center (INTEC)• Radioactive Waste Management Complex

(RWMC)• Test Area North (TAN)• Reactor Technology Center (RTC)• Power Burst Facility (PBF)

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Safety Share

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Safety Share

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Safety Performance

Total Recordable Case Rate (TRCR)Day Away Case Rate (DACR)Day Away, Restricted, or Transfer Rate (DART)

0.00

0.30

0.60

0.90

1.20

1.50

1.80

TRCR 1.68 1.66 1.60 1.55 1.56 1.36 1.31 1.32 1.29 1.31 1.26 1.31

DACR 0.47 0.43 0.42 0.33 0.34 0.29 0.29 0.24 0.20 0.20 0.16 0.16

DART 0.56 0.51 0.51 0.42 0.42 0.37 0.37 0.28 0.20 0.20 0.16 0.16

Jan-07 Feb-07 Mar-07 Apr-07 May-07 Jun-07 Jul-07 Aug-07 Sep-07 Oct-07 Nov-07 Dec-07

2008 TRCR Goal <1.33

2008 DART Goal <0.50

2008 DACR Goal <0.30

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Cost and Schedule Performance

Cost variance is $57,851K; CPI: 1.05 Schedule variance is $64,845K; SPI: 1.06

Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

CPI 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.04 1.04 1.04 1.05 1.05 1.06 1.06 1.05 1.05 SPI 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.01 1.02 1.01 1.03 1.05 1.04 1.06

Cumulative

Idaho Completion Project Performance Measurement Graph(Jan 2007 - Dec 2007)

0.900.920.940.960.981.001.021.041.061.081.10

Jan

Feb Mar Apr

May

June Ju

ly

Aug

Sept

Oct

Nov Dec

Cost Performance Index (CPI) Schedule Performance Index (SPI)

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Nuclear Material Disposition

ScopeDispose of all legacy, Environmental Management (EM)-owned, unirradiated special nuclear materials by September 30, 2009

490 items*

652 itemsDisposition nuclear material items

*Accomplishments through December 31, 2007

Unirradiated Light Water Breeder Reactor

(ULWBR) canister being lowered into Super Tiger Cask

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Spent Nuclear Fuel

ScopeTransfer legacy, EM-owned spent nuclear fuel (SNF) from wet storage in the CPP-666 storage pool to appropriate dry storage by September 2009Receive and store SNF from the Advanced Test ReactorProvide safe, regulatory-compliant, routine operations for INTEC SNF handling and storage facilities until transition to another entity Fort St. Vrain (B.5)

• Perform surveillance and maintenance of facility• Provide security force for security of spent nuclear fuel

at facilityReturn all navy-owned fuel to Naval Reactors Facility for long-term dry storage (B.5)

1,801 units

3,178 unitsTransfer SNF from wet to dry

Texas A&M fuel is unloaded at INTEC

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Tank Farm Closure

ScopeClose tanks in tank farm (including those storing sodium-bearing waste) by groutingProvide remedy indicated by Record of Decision for tank farm

Dome pours

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Tank Farm Closure (continued)

Sodium-bearing Waste Treatment ScopeDesign Integrated Waste Treatment Unit (IWTU)Construct IWTUProcess sodium-bearing wasteShip to Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP)

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Waste Management Services

ScopeTransuranic waste

• Retrieve remote-handled (RH) and contact-handled (CH) transuranic waste• Characterize RH and CH transuranic waste• Ship transuranic waste to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP)

Low-level and low-level mixed waste• Provide waste management, packaging, and transportation services to Idaho National Lab and Idaho

Cleanup Project• Dispose of low-level waste at the RWMC (until 2008)• Provide offsite disposal

of low-level and mixed low-level waste

• Operate the Idaho CERCLA Disposal Facility (ICDF)

• Repack, treat, and/or dispose of the backlog mixed low-level waste

RH TRU waste leaving Idaho

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Environmental Restoration

ScopeRetrieve targeted waste from approximately 2.8 acres (47,600 cubic yards) of the Subsurface Disposal Area Remediate 118 contaminated environmental sitesClose 68 hazardous waste tank systemsClose 550 unnecessary monitoring wellsConduct sitewide groundwater monitoring

Waste exhumation at Accelerated Retrieval Project

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Facility D&D

ScopeDemolish or otherwise disposition facilities and structures• 73 industrial• 22 radiological (moderately

contaminated)• 25 nuclear facilities (reactor

vessels, spent nuclear fuel basins, fuel reprocessing and handling facilities)

• 115 other structures

Crews prepare PBF reactor heat exchanger for loading and transportation to the Idaho CERCLA Disposal Facility

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Tank Farm ClosureBackground

Located at the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC)15 tanks used to store radioactive liquid waste generated during the reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel and plant decommissioning workOnly four 300,000-gallon tanks currently being used for waste storage (awaiting treatment)

Tank Farm construction

(interior)

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Layout

11 underground, 300,000-gallon stainless steel tanks• Eight tanks constructed with cooling coils inside to remove radioactive decay heat

from highly radioactive wastes• Three tanks without cooling coils• Tanks are 50 feet in diameter

and ~ 25 feet tall• Each tank has ~ three riser

locations available to deploy cleaning equipment –12 inches in diameter

• Each 300,000-gallon tank is surrounded by a concrete vault for secondary containment

Four smaller, 30,000-gallon stainless steel tanks also used for storage (taken out of service in the early 1980s)

VES-WM-103

VES-WM-104 VES-WM-105

VES-WM-106

182 183185 186

187 189190

188

184181

180

Tank Farm Facility

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Tank Closure Sequence

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Tank WM-186 after Cleaning

Tank bottom

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WM-103 - 106

WM-182

WM-180 WM-181

WM-183 WM-185 WM-186

WM-184

WM-187

WM-188 WM-190

WM-189

Operational Tanks (not yet cleaned)

2,394 Ci 1,363 Ci 1,391 Ci

1,047 Ci 475 Ci 1,077 Ci

646 Ci

144 Ci

*Cs-137/Ba-137 accounts for ~95% of total activity

Residual Inventory in Cleaned Tank Farm Facility Tanks (curies*)

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Engineered Pour

Tank and Vault

Domes

Ris

ers

Ris

ers

Ris

ers

Piping

Ris

ers

Tank and Vault Layers

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Engineered Grout Placement Sequence

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Closure Status

Seven large (300,000 gallon) tanks and four small (30,000 gallon) tanks cleaned/sampled 2002-2005“Authorization Basis” documents (3116, Record of Decision, DOE Closure Plans) approved November 2006Three small tanks grouted in November 2006 prior to winter shutdownFourth small tank and seven large tanks and vaults grouted (> 24,000 cubic yards)

Grouting of WM-184 (August 2007)

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Treatment Status

Integrated Waste Treatment Unit solidifies waste using steam reforming processRobust design confirmed to be bounding for all reasonable seismic assumptionsConstructed weather enclosure – enabling work to continue through winterCompleted concrete pour for the Process and Packaging Cells base slabCompleted fabrication of the Waste Feed Tank skid and Denitration Mineralization Reformer process gas filter vessel heads

IWTU construction

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Challenges

Defining cleaning/closure criteriaChanges in project approval processLimited tank access Operational closureWeather

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Buried WasteRadioactive Waste Management Complex

Radioactive Waste Management Complex

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Buried WasteBackground

Disposal site established in 1952; now occupies 97 acres within the fence boundary with waste occupying ~35 acresAccepted waste from Rocky Flats, INL operations, and other generatorsDisposal of transuranic waste discontinued in 1970 in favor of retrievable storage Federal Facility Agreement and Consent Order established in 1991Demonstration of waste retrieval in Pit 9 February 2004 Accelerated Retrieval Project began waste exhumation in Pit 4 January 2005Proposed Plan for remediation of the site issued October 2007

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Waste Density Mapping

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Targeted Waste Retrieval

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Vapor Extraction (solvents)

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Proposed Plan – Preferred Alternative

Retrieving targeted waste from pit areas totaling 4.8 acres – including the 0.8 acres currently underwayIn situ grouting soil vaults and trench areas totaling 0.2 acres to reduce mobility of technetium-99 and iodine-129Vadose zone vapor vacuum extraction and treatment to remove and destroy solvent vaporsEvapotranspiration surface barrierLong-term institutional controlsEstimated cost is approximately $1,072 M (FY06 dollars)18 years to complete

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Remote-handled Transuranic WasteBackground

Site began providing interim storage of RH TRU waste in 1976 Waste originally stored in underground storage vaults located at the Intermediate Level Transuranic Storage Facility within the facility boundary of the RWMC • Constructed in 1976 for the purpose of providing a location for intermediate storage

prior to ultimate dispositionConsists of 256 below-grade steel vaults that can store between 5 and 11 drums each

RH TRU drum retrieval from Intermediate Level Transuranic Storage Facility

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Inventory

Characteristics

Generating Source Storage Configuration

Quantity (drums)

Form

Argonne National Lab – East 30 gallon drum 617 Debris

Naval Reactors Facility 30 gallon drum 27 Debris

Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center

30 gallon drum 2 Debris

Materials and Fuels Complex (formerly ANL - West)

55 gallon drum 4 Debris

Reactor Technology Complex (formerly Test Reactor Area)

55 gallon drum 25 10 Homogeneous Solid, 15 Debris

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Strategy

Use of integrated project team and earned value management system processEliminate plans for a site specific certification program by using the certification authority of the Central Characterization Project (CCP)Perform drum venting operations using a vendor developed systemComplete retrieval and transfer of stored RH TRU waste from vaults at the RWMC to storage areas at INTEC using shielded overpacks specifically fabricated for ICP useModify an existing shielded facility to accommodate a real-time radiography system and dose-to-curie measurement equipmentModify an existing shielded facility to provide RH 72B cask loading capability including canister loading and lag storage rack; cask loading platform; and cask/trailer loading capability

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Status

On January 18, 2007, shipped first RH-TRU shipment to WIPPOn January 3, 2008, shipped 100th RH-TRU shipment to WIPP

First RH shipment leaves Idaho

100th RH shipment leaves Idaho

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Challenges

Collection of acceptable knowledge for remaining waste streamsCompetition for CCP resources now needed at other DOE sitesRetaining trained and qualified staff in “project” environmentUnvented containers

Container side venting system

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Demolition/DispositionBackground

Demolish or otherwise disposition facilities and structures• 235 facilities/structures• 79 highly contaminated/nuclear facilities• 3 nuclear reactors• 34 hot cells (Test Area North and INTEC)• 60,000 square foot hot shop• 1,827,581 total square feet of facilities/

structuresHistorically significant propertiesDetermine end states for high risk facilitiesSequence D&D around other mission activities (cleanup vs. closure)Negotiating decommissioning end states that balance environmental protection with worker safety

Engineering Test Reactor vessel installation (1956)

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Accomplishments

Regulatory strategy• Partnered with DOE and regulatory agencies to determine end states and accelerate

regulatory documents

1

TAN-607 Hot Shop

EE/CA and Action Memo

PBFEE/CA and

Action Memo

LOFTEE/CA and

Action Memo

TAN-607AEE/CA and Action

Memo

General D&D

EE/CA and Action Memo

ETREE/CA and Action Memo

FY06 FY07 FY08

CPP-601/640EE/CA and Action Memo

CPP-603A BasinEE/CA and Action Memo

MTREE/CA and Action Memo

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Accomplishments

Demolished 78 facilities and structuresNear completion of Engineering Test Reactor complex and Test Area NorthSubmitted Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (EE/CA) for CPP-601 and CPP-640; public comment period ended February 15, 2008

Loss of Fluid Test Reactor

Before After

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Engineering Test Reactor

Before

Building structure demolished

Reactor vessel removed Vessel en route to disposal facility

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Test Area North

Before

Explosive prep

Detonation After

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Challenges

Maintaining resources in cleanup/closure environmentDemolition of Materials Test Reactor adjacent to operating facility (Advanced Test Reactor)Maintaining stable and predictable funding levelsPerforming D&D operations in high rad environments (hot cells and reactors)

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Project Look Ahead

Nuclear material• Identify disposition paths for all contract-

identified special nuclear material at Reactor Technology Complex by March 31

• Continue ULWBR shipments to Nevada Test Site

Spent nuclear fuel• Continue wet to dry fuel transfers• Unload Advanced Test Reactor fuels• Prepare Navy fuel for shipment

Sodium-bearing waste• Continue construction• Fabricate process vessel and skids

Tank farm• Complete grout work by end of July (excluding

sodium-bearing waste tanks) • Remove tents and turn over west side of the

tank farm to D&D by the end of FY08• Finalize documentation for RCRA closure

of tanks

Waste management• Complete remote-handled transuranic

shipments by December 2008• Continue contact-handled transuranic

shipments • Complete Class B/C Legacy Waste disposal

activitiesEnvironmental restoration

• Complete draft Record of Decision for buried waste

• Remove SFE-106 tank and transport to waste repository for grouting and disposal

Facility D&D• Complete closure of Test Area North and

transfer resources to INTEC• Complete Engineering Test Reactor complex• Complete Power Burst Reactor isolation,

removal, and disposal

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Summary

ICP performance in• Safety• Risk reduction/protection of the Snake River Plain Aquifer• Delivering what we promised (and more)• Partnering with stakeholders from special interest groups to regulators• Corporate citizenship

will enable our success and support INL’s goal for nuclear energy leadership