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The Business of Sustainability
Environment and Social Impact Assessment Report (Scheme , Volume 1) Final Report January 2018 www.erm.com
Jharkhand Urja Sancharan Nigam Limited
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FINAL REPORT
Jharkhand Urja Sancharan Nigam Limited
Environment and Social Impact Assessment Report (Scheme , Volume 1) 31 January 2018 Reference # 0402882
This report has been prepared by ERM India Private Limited a member of Environmental Resources Management Group of companies, with all reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the Contract with the client, incorporating our General Terms and Conditions of Business and taking account of the resources devoted to it by agreement with the client. We disclaim any responsibility to the client and others in respect of any matters outside the scope of the above. This report is confidential to the client and we accept no responsibility of whatsoever nature to third parties to whom this report, or any part thereof, is made known. Any such party relies on the report at their own risk.
Reviewed by:
Avijit Ghosh Principal Consultant
Approved by:
Debanjan Bandyapodhyay Partner
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND 1
1.2 PROJECT OVERVIEW 1
1.3 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THIS ESIA 2
1.4 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT 2
1.5 LIMITATION 3
1.6 USES OF THIS REPORT 3
2 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAME WORK 5
2.1 APPLICABLE LAWS AND STANDARDS 5
2.2 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICY 8
3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 10
3.1 REGIONAL SETTING 10
3.2 PROJECT LOCATION 10
3.2.1 Location 10
3.2.2 Accessibility 10
3.3 SITE SETTING 12
3.3.1 Project Site 12
3.3.2 Site Vicinity 13
3.4 PROJECT COMPONENTS 15
3.5 PROJECT TIMELINE AND PROJECT COST 15
3.6 RESOURCE 16
3.7 DISCHARGES AND WASTES 16
4 ESIA METHODOLOGY 17
4.1 SCREENING & SCOPING 17
4.2 BASELINE STUDIES 17
4.3 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT 19
4.3.1 Impact Assessment 19
4.4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN PREPARATION 20
5 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 21
5.1 INTRODUCTION 21
5.2 LAND USE/LAND COVER 21
5.3 SOIL 22
5.4 CLIMATE AND METEOROLOGY 23
5.5 NATURAL HAZARD 23
5.6 AIR& NOISE ENVIRONMENT 24
5.7 DRAINAGE 24
5.8 GROUND WATER 25
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5.9 SURFACE WATER 26
5.10 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 26
5.10.1 Vegetation within the Study area 27
5.10.2 Wildlife Habitat and Faunal Diversity 27
5.11 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 29
5.11.2 Education profile 31
5.11.3 Skill of the Surveyed Population 36
5.11.4 Drinking Water & Sanitation Facilities 36
5.11.5 Irrigation 37
5.12 HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE 37
5.13 OTHERS PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 37
6 IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 39
6.1 POTENTIAL IMPACT 39
6.1.1 Impact on Aesthetic and Visual Quality 42
6.1.2 Air & Noise Quality 42
6.1.3 Impact on Land Use, Soil & Drainage 43
6.1.4 Impact on Water Resources 44
6.1.1 Impact on Surface Water Bodies 45
6.1.2 Potential Impact on Biological Environment 45
6.1.3 Impact on Socio-economic environment 46
6.1.4 Influx of Labour 47
6.1.5 Impact on Community Health and Safety 48
6.1.6 Occupational, Health and Safety 49
7 STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT 50
7.1 INTRODUCTION 50
7.2 IDENTIFICATION OF STAKEHOLDERS 50
7.3 SUMMARY OF STAKEHOLDER CONSULTATIONS 52
8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 53
8.1 MITIGATION MEASURES & MANAGEMENT PLAN 53
8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING & REPORTING 59
8.3 INSTITUTIONAL SETTING AND IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS 63
8.4 COMMUNICATION PLAN 63
8.5 GRIEVANCE MECHANISM 64
9 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 66
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LIST OF TABLE
Table 1.1 Details of the substation and interlinked project (Scheme E) 2
Table 2.1 Regulation Triggered for the Project 5
Table 2.2 World Bank Policies Triggered for the Project 8
Table 3.1 Salient Features of the Project Location 10
Table 3.2 Project Components in the 132/33 KV Substation at Shikaripara 15
Table 3.3 Resource Requirement in Construction and Operation of 132/33 KV Grid
Substation at Shikaripara 16
Table 3.4 Emission and Discharges from 132/33 KV Grid Substation 16
Table 5.1 Existing Land Use/Land Cover Pattern of the Study Area 21
Table 5.2 Demographic profiles of the village located within study area 29
Table 5.3 Demographic profiles of the Surveyed Population 30
Table 5.4 Schools facilities in study area 33
Table 5.5 Occupational pattern of villages in the study area 34
Table 5.6 Health care facilities in study area 37
Table 6.1 Environmental and Social Impact Identification Matrix 40
Table 7.1 List of key stakeholders 51
Table 7.2 Stakeholders and Key Points Discussed 52
Table 8.1 Environment and Social Management Plan 54
Table 8.2 Environment and Social Monitoring Plan 60
Table 8.3 Summary of Consultation Framework 63
LIST OF FIGURE
Figure 3.1 Photograph of project site accessibility 11
Figure 3.2 Location, Site Boundary and Access Shown on Satellite Imagery (along with
adjacent settlements) 12
Figure 3.3 Photographs of Site Surrounding 14
Figure 3.4 Typical Layout of a 132/33 KV substation Planned in the JPSIP 15
Figure 4.1 Impact Assessment Process 20
Figure 5.1 Land Use/ Land Cover Map of the Study Area 22
Figure 5.2 Soil at Project Site 23
Figure 5.3 Drainage Map of the Study Area 25
Figure 5.4 Age Group Distribution of the Surveyed Population 30
Figure 5.5 Proportion of SC/ST Population in the Study Area vis-à-vis Block/District 31
Figure 5.6 Literacy profile of the study area villages 32
Figure 5.7 Educational Status of the Surveyed Population 33
Figure 5.8 Employment Status of the Surveyed Population 35
Figure 5.9 Occupational Pattern of the Surveyed Population 36
Figure 7.1 Consultations with Local Communities 51
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LIST OF ANNEXURE
Annexure 1: List of Sub Projects in JPSIP I
Annexure2: General Conditions of Contract V
Annexure3: Special Conditions of Contract XVI
Annexure 4: Format for Reporting of ESMP Implementation XVIII
Annexure 5: Format for Registering Grievance from Community/ PAP XXI
Annexure 6: DGMS Prescribe Permissible Limit of Vibration XXIV
Annexure 7: Management Plan for Labour Influx XXVI
Annexure 8: Socio Economic Survey Formats XXXIV
Annexure 9: Assessment of Impact Significance XXXVIII
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ABBREVIATIONS
BMTPC - Building Material and Technology Promotion Council of India
CEA – Central Electricity Authority
CFC - Chlorofluorocarbon
CGWB – Central Groundwater Authority Board
CPCB – Central Pollution Control Board
dB – Decibel
DG –Diesel Generator
DVC - Damodar Valley Corporation
EA – Environmental Assessment
EMP – Environmental Management Plan
ERM – Environmental Resources Management
ESIA – Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ESIA- Environmental and Social Impact Assessment
ESMF- Environmental and Social Management Framework
ESZ – Eco-Sensitive Zone
GCC- General Conditions of Contract
GM – Gair Mazrua
GOI – Government of India
GPS – Global Positioning System
GSS – Grid Sub Station
IESE - Initial Environmental and Social Examination
IMD – India Meteorological Department
IS – Indian Standard
IUCN – International Union for Conservation of Nature
IWPA – Indian Wildlife Protection Act
JPSIP- Jharkhand Power System Improvement Project
JUSNL - Jharkhand Urja Sancharan Nigam Limited
KL- Kilo Liter
KLD – Kilo Liter per Day
Km – Kilometer
KVA – Kilo-Volts-Ampere
MVA – Mega-Volts-Ampere
NBWL – National Board of Wildlife
NH- National Highway
PCB – Pollution Control Board
PCB – Polychlorinated Biphenyls
PfA – Power for All
PPP – Public Private Partnership
PUCC – Pollution Under Control Certificate
SCC- Special Conditions of Contract
SF6 –Sulfur Hexafluoride
TCE – TATA Consulting Engineer
TL – Transmission Line
WPR- Work Participation Ratio
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ERM JUSNL: JPSI PROJECT, ESIA 132/33 KV SHIKARIPARA GRID SUBSTATION
PROJECT # 0402882 JANUARY 2018
ES-I
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Jharkhand Urja Sancharan Nigam Limited (JUSNL) with financial
assistance from the World Bank is implementing the transmission
infrastructure development/upgradation under the Jharkhand Power System
Improvement Project (JPSIP) and will include: (a) Creation of 25 new 132 kV
substations, and (b) Development of associated 132 KV transmission lines of
around 1800 kms. These 25 substations and associated transmission lines have
been organized into 26 schemes. The proposed new 132 KV Grid substation at
Shikaripara Block is covered under the Scheme E Volume 1.
Setting up of the sub-station would involve a permanent change in land use
from presently forestland to infrastructure. Construction activities are
expected to cause temporary disturbances because of plying of vehicles in
approach roads, site preparation involving cutting and filling of earth and soil,
operation of construction machinery and equipment, and the involvement of a
labour force.
During operational phase, about 16-20 employees would be located at site.
Resource use would comprise of about 9 KLD of water, to be sourced through
a bore well at site. On a regular basis, small amounts of domestic waste and
wastewater would be generated from the site. From time to time, minor
amounts of hazardous waste would also be generated and would be disposed
off in conformance to regulatory requirements.
The baseline studies have profiled the environmental and social conditions of
the site at Shikaripara Block and the study area of 2 kms around it. The studies
were designed to collect information from secondary sources and to obtain
primary information through site visits and consultations with local
communities and other related stakeholders. Overall, the baseline is reflective
of the environmental and social landscape of the area and the Dumka District.
Site-specific environmental and social baseline is described in the Table below:
Environmental Setting
Terrain & Slope The substation site is located on a flat land. The level difference between
the highest contour and the lowest contours within the site is 6 m in the
north to south direction.
Soil The soil at site is lateritic in nature.
HFL data The highest and lowest contours of the site are 78m and 72m respectively.
Existing drainage
pattern
There is no drainage channel within the site.
Environmental
pollution in the
vicinity
There are approx. 20 nos of stone crusher at northeastern side of the project
site. In this area, stone crushers are the primary and potential source of
emission of particulate matter into air. Further, vehicle plying on NH 114 A
(which is approx. 420m north of the site) is another prominent source of
fugitive emission in this area. During site visit it was observed that black
top of this road was worn out at number of places. This might aggravate
the fugitive emission on this road.
Other
environmental
sensitivity
There is an abandoned airstrip of Indian Air Force beyond Kalagachi
Village. They are even planning to set up an auxiliary air base on this part
lying in the eastern side of the site boundary.
There is presence of interspersed agricultural land and fallow land in the
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ERM JUSNL: JPSI PROJECT, ESIA 132/33 KV SHIKARIPARA GRID SUBSTATION
PROJECT # 0402882 JANUARY 2018
ES-II
western part of the site. A strip of agricultural land lies along the southern
boundary of the site.
Social Setting
Status of Land The land belongs to the Land Revenue Department Government of
Jharkhand, It would be transferred to JUSNL free of cost.
Habitations There are only a few settlements in the vicinity. Settlement of Patharghara
is the nearest settlement (400m south) with respect to the site. Other
settlements are Kurundain south,Kalipathar and Dhanghara in west,
Kalagachi in east and Kalipathar and Lalpahariin north.
Religious &
Culture related
sensitivity
(including sacred
groves)
There are no sacred groves or any features, which are of religious or
cultural significance either within the site or in its immediate vicinity.
In addition to the baseline surveys, a community consultation exercise was
undertaken in the adjoining Kalipathar and Patharghara village. Residents of
the village were consulted to validate secondary information on the socio
economic status of the village, the perceptions of the local people with respect
to the planned GSS project and to identify any existing dependency of the
local community on the proposed site. The consultations revealed that there
was no dependency on the plot of land, which belonged to the revenue
department, except for a small pond lying on the northern edge of the site.
Villagers are concerned about the runoff water from construction site and
about the tower footings of incoming and outgoing power lines, which may
come up on their land parcels. Other than these issues, most of the villagers
had a positive mindset to the project.
The potential and associated impacts of the proposed project were identified
and evaluated using standard procedures. Source references including past
project experience, professional judgment and knowledge of both the project
activities as well as environmental and social setting of the site and
surroundings were used in the assessment.
The change in land use from fallow land to infrastructure type may be
considered to be having insignificant impact because the small extent of such
change within the study area, which has the presence of considerable
percentage of agricultural and forest land uses, would be minimal.
Excavations, cutting and filling of soil and rocky outcrops present on site may
lead to erosion and runoffs, which may adversely impact adjoining land
parcels and / or waterbodies. In addition, local drainage in and around the
site may get impacted due to the change of the site topography, if proper site
design is not undertaken considering these factors.
With the construction phase lasting about 1 year, construction related
activities are expected to cause local level impacts (adjoining settlements of
Patharghara, Kurundain south,Kalipathar, Dhanghara, Kalagachi,Kalipathar
and Lalpahariin ) on environmental quality due to re-entrainment of dust in
air from earth works and construction dumps, air and noise emissions from
vehicles and construction equipment, discharge of domestic waste water from
labour camps and generation of construction and domestic wastes. In the
construction phase, there are expected to be health and safety related issues
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ERM JUSNL: JPSI PROJECT, ESIA 132/33 KV SHIKARIPARA GRID SUBSTATION
PROJECT # 0402882 JANUARY 2018
ES-III
due to involvement of labour in project construction activities. Influx of
people (migrant workers, subcontractors and suppliers) may lead pressure on
existing social infrastructure and their interactions with nearby rural
communities or potentially lead to cultural conflicts, and result in additional
vulnerability to women and population belonging to scheduled castes or
tribes. At the same time, positive socioeconomic impacts are also expected
with scope for business opportunities for local subcontractors, skill acquisition
for local workforce and employment opportunities arising from recruitment of
local construction labour and staff, improvement of roads and access.
Adverse impacts caused by the project during the operational phase are
expected to be minimal, with no plans for any point source emissions or
discharges from the GSS to any environmental media. The operation of the
facility is expected to result in generation of small amount of wastes, some of
which (like oily rags, waste oil, etc.) may be hazardous in nature and are not
expected to cause any significant adverse impacts if adequate safeguards and
mitigation measures are adopted, as delineated in the ESMP.
In order to ensure that the mitigation measures developed for the significant
impacts of the proposed project are implemented and maintained throughout
the project duration, an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been
developed. The EMP outlines management strategies for managing all
associated and potential impacts that could affect the environment and living
conditions of people in the area. These mitigation measures and plans
include:
Plan for the sub-station site layout and for cutting and filling of earth in a
manner that local drainages are not disturbed ;
Adopt appropriate engineering and associated mitigation measures and
plans to minimize adverse impacts to local communities during
construction activities.
Adopt appropriate EHS safeguards and good practices to be adopted by
construction contractors to ensure that occupational health and safety risks
of labours are maintained at acceptable levels. The labour force should
also undergo compulsory training on work related health and safety
measures.
Ensure local suppliers and contractors implement local employment and
procurement policies to the benefit neighboring communities of
Patharghara, Kurundain south,Kalipathar, Dhanghara,
Kalagachi,Kalipathar and Lalpahari.
In order to ensure that the ESMP is implemented during construction phase,
specific conditions of contract for Site Contractors to be engaged have been
laid down which would be made part of the Bidding document. An ESMP
monitoring plan would also be implemented to be enable JSUNL to ensure
that the planned mitigation measures are being implemented and adverse
impacts are kept to the minimum possible level. In addition, a fit-to-purpose
grievance redressal mechanism will be implemented through which
communities and affected people can voice their concerns related to the
project to JSUNL.
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ERM JUSNL: JPSI PROJECT, ESIA 132/33 KV SHIKARIPARA GRID SUBSTATION
PROJECT # 0402882 JANUARY 2018
ES-IV
For the implementation of the JPSIP Project JUSNL has developed a Project
Implementation Unit (JPSIP PIU) headed by the Chief Engineer (Transmission
O&M).The JPSIP PIU would also be responsible for driving the
implementation of the E&S safeguards in JPSIP. At the field level, the Chief
Engineer cum GM of the Dumka Zone of JUSNL would be responsible for
implementing the technical aspects of the JPSIP with respect to the Shikaripara
GSS and would be responsible for overseeing the implementation of the ESMP
and the E&S safeguards adopted by the contractor. In addition, it is
recommended that the Contractor implementing the subprojects would induct
Environment and Social personnel to supervise implementation of the E&S
safeguards on the ground.
Through the process of consultation and disclosures, JPSIP would ensure that
the project information is communicated to the stakeholders and the feedback
from the community is integrated into the execution phases of the project. A
Consultation Framework has been prepared to ensure involvement of
stakeholders’ at each stage of project planning and implementation. In
addition, a three-tier Grievance Mechanism has been proposed for handling
any grievances of community related to the project i.e. Tier 1 -Circle level, Tier
2 -Zone level, Tier 3- Grievance Redresses Cell located centrally at the JPSIP
PIU in Ranchi.
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ERM JUSNL: JPSI PROJECT, ESIA 132/33 KV SHIKARIPARA GRID SUBSTATION
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
The Government of Jharkhand with active support of the Government of
India’s has planned for implementing 24X7 Power for All (PfA) in Jharkhand.
The program is aimed at achieving 24x7 reliable powers for all the households
by FY 2019. The PfA roadmap includes interventions in power generation,
transmission, distribution, use of renewable energy and energy efficiency is
proposed to be implemented during FY16 to FY19. Government of Jharkhand
through Jharkhand Urja Sancharan Nigam Limited (JUSNL) has planned to
develop the transmission infrastructure in the State. This transmission
infrastructure development is being funded from different sources e.g.
domestic fund, Public Private Partnership (PPP) and multilateral funding. The
Jharkhand Urja Sanchar Nigam Limited (the state run power transmission
utility company) has approached the World Bank for assistance to fund a part
of the transmission infrastructure under the Jharkhand Power System
Improvement Project (JPSIP). The project would include creation of 25 new
132 kV substations and associated 132 KV transmission lines of around 1800
Kms.
JUSNL would like to develop the projects in a sustainable manner. Towards
this objective, an Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF)
has been developed to lay out a mechanism for integrating environmental and
social concerns into the planning, designing and implementation phase of
JPSIP. Based on the higher level guidance provided in the ESMF, each project
component is undergoing a project specific Environmental and Social Impact
Assessment (ESIA).Based on which an Environmental and Social Management
Plan (ESMP) laid down for all the sub-project.
1.2 PROJECT OVERVIEW
As part of the JPSIP, JUSNL has planned for development of 25 new
substations and associated transmission lines. These substations and
transmission lines have further been consolidated into schemes. For the
purpose of implementation, these schemes are divided into 3 Phases. The
subprojects in each of the schemes are presented as Annexure 1.
In Phase I there are 9 schemes. Three (3) nos of these schemes are located in
Ranchi District while three (4) nos of scheme are located in Dumka and Pakur
District and one (1) nos in East Singhbhum district and one (1) nos. in Latehar
district. Shikaripara GSS is part of Scheme E of Phase I, which falls within
Dumka district.
This Environment and Social Impact Assessment Report deal only with the
construction of the new 132/33KV Shikaripara substation at Shikaripara block,
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PROJECT # 0402882 JANUARY 2018
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which is part of Scheme E of Phase I. The details of the other interlinked
subprojects in the scheme are presented in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 Details of the substation and interlinked project (Scheme E)
Sl. No Details of Scheme E Capacity
(MVA)
Length (km)
1. 132/33 kV Shikaripara GSS (2 x 50 MVA) 100
2. 132 kV DC 3 Ph. Dumka - Shikaripara Transmission
line
51.28
Source: JUSNL
The Environmental and Social Assessment of the transmission lines are
presented as Scheme E Volume 2: 132 kV DC 3 Ph. Dumka - Shikaripara
Transmission line.
1.3 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THIS ESIA
The ESIA process involves the identification of the potential environmental
issues in the project and trying to address them through design interventions.
The ESIA further carries out impact prediction and evaluation of residual
environmental and social issues of a Project. It then goes on to outline the
proposed mitigation measures for residual impacts and enhancement
measures for positive impacts, which the Project will implement.
The objectives of this document are to:
Identify all potentially significant adverse and positive environmental and
social issues of the Project. Enumerate the design modification which has
been influenced by the ESIA process and define the final alignment of the
Grid Substations (GSS);
Gather baseline data to inform the assessment of impacts on the
environment as a result of the Project;
Suggest appropriate mitigation measures to effectively manage potential
adverse impacts; and
Developing an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to implement
suggested mitigation measures to minimize adverse impacts through
effective management systems including formulation of monitoring and
reporting requirements; and
1.4 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT
The report has been organized considering the following:
Chapter 1 above contains a brief background of JPSIP. It also presents a
broad context to the ESIA Study;
Chapter 2 presents the regulations and polices applicable and actions
which are required by JUSNL;
Chapter 3 presents the description of the proposed substation and
interaction with the bio-physical and socio-economic environment;
Chapter 4 provided methodology adopted the ESIA study;
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ERM JUSNL: JPSI PROJECT, ESIA 132/33 KV SHIKARIPARA GRID SUBSTATION
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Chapter 5 outlines the environmental and social setting of the proposed
substation which forms the basis for assessment of potential impacts;
Chapter 6 presents the likely impacts from the proposed substation over
the lifecycle of the project along with its severity levels;
Chapter 7 elaborates on the stakeholder identification process adopted and
a brief of the public consultations under taken to capture the local
residents / stakeholders perceptions;
Chapter 8 presents the mechanism of the implementation of the proposed
mitigation measures complete with responsibility and resources
requirements; and
Chapter 9 presents the Conclusions and Recommendations.
1.5 LIMITATION
ERM would like to highlight the following limitations with regard to this ESIA
document:
Project planning for proposed transmission line has been undertaken by Tata Consulting Engineers Limited (Hereinafter referred to as “Design Consultant”) based on desktop studies and a Detailed Project Report has been developed based on the same. Detailed field survey of the project components is currently being undertaken by Design Consultant. The present draft of the ESIA therefore considers the project configuration as has been outlined in Design Consultant’s Report and impacts for the same has been accordingly assessed.
1.6 USES OF THIS REPORT
The Client acknowledges that report provided by ERM in relation to the provision of Services is delivered to the Client solely for the Client’s benefit. ERM, its officers, employees, contractors, and agents shall owe no duties, obligations or liabilities to any persons in connection with any use of or reliance on the Project information provided by JUSNL. We make no warranties, express or implied, including without limitation, warranties as to merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. ERM is not engaged in social and environmental, health & safety consulting
and reporting for the purposes of advertising, sales promotion, or
endorsement of any client's interests, including raising investment capital or
recommending investment decisions, or other publicity purposes. The client
acknowledges that the report prepared by ERM are for exclusive use of the
client and agrees that ERM's reports or correspondence will not be used or
reproduced in full or in part for such promotional purposes, and may not be
used or relied upon in any prospectus or offering circular. The client also
agrees that none of its advertising, sales promotion, or other publicity matter
containing any information obtained from these assessments or reports, either
in parts or entirety, will make reference to ERM's trade name. Nothing
contained in this report shall be construed as a warranty or affirmation by
ERM that the site and property described in the report are suitable collateral
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ERM JUSNL: JPSI PROJECT, ESIA 132/33 KV SHIKARIPARA GRID SUBSTATION
PROJECT # 0402882 JANUARY 2018
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for any loan or that acquisition of such property by any lender through
foreclosure proceedings or otherwise will not expose the lender to potential
environmental or social liability.
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PROJECT # 0402882 JANUARY 2018
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2 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAME WORK
The ESMF identifies all the national and state level legislation rules and
guidelines, which would be applicable to JPSIP. It has also identified all the
World Bank Policies and guidelines, which are applicable in JPSIP. This
section highlights only the relevant environmental and social policies and
regulations, World Bank guidelines that are applicable for this project.
2.1 APPLICABLE LAWS AND STANDARDS
The applicable acts, regulations, and relevant policies in the context of the
project are presented in Table 2.1
Table 2.1 Regulation Triggered for the Project
Sl.
No.
Acts/Rule/Policy Applicability & Action Required Responsibility
A. Electricity Related Regulation
1. Electricity Act 2003 and
Indian Telegraph Act 1885
Under the provisions of Section 68(1):-
Prior approval of the Govt. of Jharkhand
(GoJ) is a mandatory requirement to
undertake any new transmission project 11
kV upward in the State which authorizes
JUSNL to plan and coordinate activities to
commission a new Transmission project.
Under Section 164:- GoJ, may by order in
writing, authorize JUSNL for the placing
of electric line for the transmission of
electricity confer upon licensee (i.e.
JUSNL) in the business of supplying
electricity under this act subject to such
conditions and restrictions, if any, as GoJ
may think fit to impose and to the
provisions of the Indian Telegraph Act,
1885, any of the power which the
Telegraph authority possesses.
The Electricity Act and Telegraph Act
provide guidance on the compensation
payable for damages to crops/ trees and
structures for setting up of transmission
line. As per the provision of the above
mentioned Acts, JPSIP would require to
pay compensation for any damage or loss
due to its projects.
JUSNL,JPSIP
2. Technical Standards for
Construction of Electrical
Plants and Electric Lines
Regulations, 2010;
Measures relating to Safety
and Electric Supply
Regulations, 2010
Both the Regulations are framed by
Central Electricity Authority (CEA) of
India under Indian Electricity Act, 2003.
These regulations provide technical
standard for construction of electrical lines
and safety requirements for construction/
installation/protection/operation/mainte
nance of electric lines and apparatus. JPSIP
JPSIP,
Contractor
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PROJECT # 0402882 JANUARY 2018
6
Sl.
No.
Acts/Rule/Policy Applicability & Action Required Responsibility
and its contractors would comply with the
requirements of these regulations.
B. Environment/Social Legislation
1. Environment Protection
Rules, 1986 and applicable
standards
The standards for discharge/emission
from different type of pollution source
(e.g., DG sets) and industries have been
laid down by CPCB under EP Rule, 1986.
JPSIP would ensure that all these
standards are complied during the
planning, construction and operation of
the project.
JPSIP,
Contractor
2. Ancient Monuments &
Archaeological Sites and
Remains Act, 1958;
Indian Treasure Trove Act,
1878;
Jharkhand Ancient
Monuments and
Archaeological Sites,
Remains and Art Treasures
Act, 2016.
Proposed substation site is not located
near or inside archaeological site. Thus
National and State level Acts on Ancient
Monuments and Archaeological Sites will
not be triggered for this project. However,
treasure, archaeological artefacts can be
found during excavation work; for which
procedure laid down in Indian Treasure
Trove Act, 1878 would be followed.
JPSIP,
Contractor
3. Hazardous and Other
Wastes (Management and
Transboundary Movement)
Rules, 2016
Generation of waste oil and used
transformer oil at site would attract the
provisions of Hazardous Waste and other
waste Rules, 2016. The hazardous wastes
have to be disposed through CPCB/SPCB
approved recyclers only.
JPSIP would obtain authorization for
hazardous waste under this Rule. JPSIP
would also maintain record of hazardous
waste and submit the desired return (Form
4) in prescribed form to JSPCB.
JPSIP
4. E-Waste (Management)
Rules, 2016
JPSIP, being the bulk consumer of
electrical and electronic equipment will
ensure that e-waste generated is
channelized through collection center or
dealer of authorized producer or
dismantler or recycler or through the
designated take back service provider of
the producer to authorized dismantler or
recycler.
JPSIP
5. Battery (Management &
Handling) Rules 2001
It is the responsibility of the bulk
consumer (1) (JPSIP) to ensure that the used batteries are deposited with the
dealer, manufacturer, or registered
recycler for handling and disposal. A half-
yearly return (Form-1) is to be filed as per
the rule to JSPCB.
JPSIP
6. Ozone Depleting Substances
(Regulation and Control)
Rules, 2000
JPSIP shall follow the provisions of the
notification and shall phase out all
equipment, which uses these substances.
In case of substation no equipment would
be procured which contain CFC’s.
JPSIP, Design
Consultant
(1) 'Bulk Consumer' means a consumer such as the Departments of Central Government like Railways, Defense, Telecom,
Posts and Telegraph, the Department of State Government, the Undertakings, Boards and other agencies or companies who
purchase hundred or more than hundred batteries per annum.
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Sl.
No.
Acts/Rule/Policy Applicability & Action Required Responsibility
7. Central Ground Water
Authority (CGWA) Public
Notice dated 4th January
2017
Permission need to be obtain from
State Level Ground Water Resources
Development Authority and Central
Ground Water Authority for installation of
bore well and abstraction of ground water
resource.
JPSIP
8. Regulation of
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Order, 2016
The use of polychlorinated biphenyls or
any equipment containing PCB would be
prohibited entirely from 31st December
2025.
The technical specification would clearly
state that the transformer oil should be
free of PCBs or else the DPR should
provide a road map for ensuring the
phasing out of all PCB’s by 2025.
JPSIP and
Design
Consultant
C. Labour related Legislation
1. The Child Labour
(Prohibition and Regulation)
Act, 1986
This Act prohibits engagement of children
in certain employments and regulates the
conditions of work of children in other
certain employments. JPSIP and its
contractors would comply with the
requirements of these regulations.
JPSIP,
Contractor
2. Contract Labour (Regulation
& Abolition) Act 1970
This Act regulates the employment of
contract labours in certain establishments
and prohibits for its abolition in certain
circumstances. JPSIP and its contractors
would comply with the requirements of
these regulations.
3. Minimum Wage Act, 1948
Under this Act, Jharkhand State
government has notified minimum wage
rate f0or the workers. JPSIP’s contractors
would provide minimum wage to its
workers as per the minimum wage rate
provided in the said notification.
4. Bonded Labour System
(Abolition) Act, 1976
This Act abolished bonded labour system
to prevent the economic and physical
exploitation of the weaker sections of the
people. JPSIP and its contractors would
comply with the requirements of these
regulations.
5. Grievance Redressal
Machinery under Industrial
Disputes Amendment Act,
2010
This Act provides mechanism for setting
up of grievance redressal committee in
industrial establishment. JPSIP and its
contractors would comply with the
requirements of these regulations.
6. Employees' Provident Fund
and Miscellaneous
Provisions Act, 1952
This Act provides for the institution of
provident funds, pension fund and
deposit-linked insurance fund for
employees in factories and other
establishments. JPSIP and its contractors
would comply with the requirements of
these regulations.
7. The Payment of Wages Act,
1936, amended in 2005;
Workmen's Compensation
Act, 1923
This Act provides for timely disbursement
of wages payable to employed persons
covered by the Act. JPSIP and its
contractors would comply with the
requirements of these regulations.
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Sl.
No.
Acts/Rule/Policy Applicability & Action Required Responsibility
8. Maternity Benefit Act, 1961;
This Act regulate the employment of
women in certain establishments for
certain periods before and after child-birth
and to provide for maternity benefit and
certain other benefits. JPSIP and its
contractors would comply with the
requirements of these regulations.
9. Employees State Insurance
Act, 1948
This Act provides certain benefits to
employees in case of sickness, maternity
and ‘employment injury ’. This Act is
applicable to employees earning Rs 15,000
or less per month. JPSIP and its contractors
would comply with the requirements of
these regulations.
10. Inter-state Migrant
Workmen Act, 1979
This Act regulates the employment of
inter-State migrant workmen and provides
for their conditions of service. JPSIP and
its contractors would comply with the
requirements of these regulations.
11. Intimation of Accidents
(Forms and Time of Service
of Notice) Rules, 2004
This Rule comes in force for occurrence of
accident in connection with the generation,
transmission, supply or use of electricity
and electric line. JPSIP would incorporate
requirements of these regulations in
contract document of procurement.
2.2 WORLD BANK SAFEGUARD POLICY
The implementation of the World Bank Operational Policies seek to avoid,
minimize or mitigate the adverse environmental and social impacts, including
protecting the rights of those likely to be affected or marginalized by the
proposed project. Based on the information gathered during the study,
following Policies are triggered and would require adequate measures to
address the safeguard concerns.
Table 2.2 World Bank Policies Triggered for the Project
Sl.
No.
World Bank
Policies/Guidelines
Applicability Responsibility
1. OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment
The Bank requires environmental
assessment (EA) of projects under Bank
financing to help ensure that they are
environmentally sound and sustainable.
EA takes into account the natural
environment (air, water, and land);
human health and safety; social aspects
(involuntary resettlement, indigenous
peoples, and physical cultural
resources); and transboundary and
global environmental aspects.
As per requirement of the OP 4.01,
environmental assessment is being
carried out for this project.
Environmental and
Social Consultant of
JPSIP
2. BP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources
This policy requires Bank financing
projects to assess impacts on physical
cultural resources at the earliest possible
Environmental and
Social Consultant of
JPSIP
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Sl.
No.
World Bank
Policies/Guidelines
Applicability Responsibility
stage of the project planning cycle.
Environmental assessment involves the
preparation of a physical cultural
resources management plan that
includes (a) measures to avoid or
mitigate any adverse impacts on
physical cultural resources; (b)
provisions for managing chance finds;
(c) any necessary measures for
strengthening institutional capacity for
the management of physical cultural
resources; and (d) a monitoring system
to track the progress of these activities.
Though presently there are no physical
cultural resource found to be affected by
the project, possibility of “chance finds”
cannot be ruled out. If something is
found at later stage of the project
(construction phase), procedures laid
down in “Indian Treasure Trove Act,
1878”.
The ESIA Study for the Shikaripara
substation would be carried out to have
a better understanding of physical and
cultural resources present in the site (if
any).
3. OP 4.10 Indigenous Peoples
This policy contributes to the Bank's
mission of poverty reduction and
sustainable development by ensuring
that the development process fully
respects the dignity, human rights,
economies, and cultures of Indigenous
Peoples. For projects that are likely to
have impact on the tribal community a
Tribal Development Plan would be
developed and implemented.
Environmental and
Social Consultant of
JPSIP/JPSIP
4. IFC/WB General EHS Guidelines
Recommendations of these guidelines
would be incorporated in ESMP and
Bidding document for this project.
Environmental and
Social Consultant and
Design Consultant of
JPSIP 5. IFC/WB Guidelines
for Power
Transmission and
Distribution
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3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1 REGIONAL SETTING
The proposed substation is located at Kalipathar village of Shikaripara block
in Dumka district. The Kalipathar village is part of the Pinargaria Gram
Panchayat.
3.2 PROJECT LOCATION
3.2.1 Location
The proposed substation planned to be located on Plot No 1036 of Kalipathar
village of Dumka District.
Plot No 1034 measuring approx. 10 acres of land has been already allotted to
JUSNL by the District Collector of Dumka for development of the substation.
The salient features of the project location are presented in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1 Salient Features of the Project Location
Sl. No Item Description
1. Plot No/s 1034
2. Area 10 acre / 4.05 Hectares 3. Allotment Letter No 330 dated 4/03/2017 of Revenue Branch, District
Collector office Dumka
4. Type of Land Fallow Land
5. Ownership Government of Jharkhand
6. Toposheet Number 72P/8
5. Coordinate 24°11'29.37"N 87°39'54.12"E
3.2.2 Accessibility
NH 114 A (connecting Dumka- Rampurhat) traverses approx. 420m from the
project site. Village road connecting settlement of Patharghara village with
National Highway 114 A passes approx. 240m northeast of the project site.
However, there was no road to approach the project site from this village
road. Therefore, project site approach road need to be developed. Further,
village road connecting Patharghara village is approx. 4m wide kutcha road.
Condition of the road was also observed to be poor during site visit. Since the
DPR for Scheme E has neither considered project site approach road, not has
suggested any upgradation of the existing village road (which can be utilized
to approach nearest location from the project site), the same is not considered
in the ESIA. Photograph of this village road is presented in Figure 3.1.
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Figure 3.1 Photograph of project site accessibility
The location, boundary and access to the site, as plotted on high-resolution
satellite imagery shown in Figure 3.2 below.
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Figure 3.2 Location, Site Boundary and Access Shown on Satellite Imagery (along with
adjacent settlements)
3.3 SITE SETTING
3.3.1 Project Site
This proposed site location is categorized as fallow land in the revenue record
of Dumka district. As per the site observation, the site is barren land. Only few
matured trees were observed during site visit. There are no defined drainage
channels in the site surrounding; only few micro-drainage channels are
present which carries water from the site surroundings to nearest drainage
channel.
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The substation site is located on the flat fallow land with some depression at
several places within the site. Using a higher level Digital Elevation Model the
contours have been established. The highest and lowest contours of the site
are 78 m and 72 m respectively.
3.3.2 Site Vicinity
The physical features, built structures (habitations, roads) and other
environmental sensitivities presented below.
Direction Features
North At immediate northern most boundary a cluster of stone crushers
(approx. 20 nos) are located. Beyond these stone crushers National
Highway (NH) 114 A traverses (at approx. 420m) from east
(Rampurhat) to west (Dumka). Hamlet of Kalipathar village is located
on the opposite of this NH. At north of this hamlet, Lalpahari village is
located, at aerial distances of approx. 1 km north from site boundary.
East Fallow land with intermittent agricultural land in-between formed
eastern boundary of the project site. At approx. 930m Kalagachi is the
nearest village at eastern side of the project site. Beyond Kalagachi
village there is an abandoned airstrip of Indian Air Force. From web
search (1) it was found that Indian Air Force is in the process of setting
up an auxiliary air base on this abandoned airstrip, which was last
used during World War II.
South A strip of agricultural land formed southern boundary of the project
site. Beyond this there are predominately fallow lands. Patharghara
and Kurunda village are located at approx. 400 and 920 south of the
project site.
West Kalipathar and Dhanghara villages are located at western site of the
proposed project site at a distance of approx. 920m and 830m
respectively. Other than that whole area is interspersed with
agricultural land and fallow land.
Photograph of the features surrounding the substation site is presented in
Figure 3.3.
(1) https://www.telegraphindia.com/1140104/jsp/siliguri/story_17749714.jsp
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Figure 3.3 Photographs of Site Surrounding
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3.4 PROJECT COMPONENTS
The key project components that have been planned in the project are
presented in the Table 3.2 and the typical substation layout is presented in
Figure 3.4.
Table 3.2 Project Components in the 132/33 KV Substation at Shikaripara
Sl. No Component Description
A. Core Infrastructure
1. Transformer 2 nos 50 MVA Oil Cooled Transformer
2a. Bays (incoming) 11 nos of 132 KV bays
2b. Bays (outgoing) 15 Nos of 33 KV bays
3 Transformer Oil Would be as per the Regulation of
Polychlorinated Biphenyls Order, 2016
B. Associated Infrastructure
4 Control Room One number with control panel
5 Staff Quarter 8 nos of Staff Quarter-1 (2 bedroom: Type III)
8 nos of Staff Quarter-1 (2 bedroom Type II)
1 four room : Type I Accommodation
6 Pump House 1 nos of submersible pump
Figure 3.4 Typical Layout of a 132/33 KV substation Planned in the JPSIP
3.5 PROJECT TIMELINE AND PROJECT COST
The estimated cost for construction of the 132/33 KV Shikaripara substation
would be around INR 52.04 crores. This includes the cost of civil works the
cost of procurement of electrical equipment and associated materials,
installation and commissioning. It is estimated the construction would be
completed within a maximum period of 18 months. However, it is expected
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that site preparation, construction and civil works of the substation would be
completed in and about 12 months.
3.6 RESOURCE
The resources required during the construction and operations phases of the
project are presented in the Table 3.3 below.
Table 3.3 Resource Requirement in Construction and Operation of 132/33 KV Grid
Substation at Shikaripara
Sl. No Description Resource Requirement
1. Land (Total) 10 acres
2a. Manpower (Construction Phase) The peak manpower requirement is
expected to 50.
2b. Manpower (Operation Phase) The Peak manpower is expected to be
16-20
31. Water (Construction Phase) 10-13 KLD (peak water)
3b. Water (Operation Phase) 8.4 KLD (for domestic purpose)
4. Construction Material Steel, Cement, Aggregate and Sand
3.7 DISCHARGES AND WASTES
During the lifecycle of the substation i.e. construction and the operation the
discharges and waste which would be generated is presented in Table 3.4.
Table 3.4 Emission and Discharges from 132/33 KV Grid Substation
Sl. No Description Quantity
1a. Waste Water (Construction) Peak generation of 2.5 KLD
1b. Waste Water (Operation) 6.7 KLD
2a. Solid Waste (Construction) The Municipal solid waste would be around
7.5 -12 kg per day. In addition, construction
waste would be generated.
2b. Solid Waste (Operation) The municipal solid waste generated during
the operational stage would be around 21
kg/day
3. Used Bays Oil The waste transformer oil would be produced
at an interval of 15 years.
4. e–Waste The e-waste generated from the panels at the
end of the life
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4 ESIA METHODOLOGY
A project level Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) is method
of systematic identification and evaluation of the potential impacts (effects) of
a proposed substation relative to the physical, biological and socioeconomic
components of the environment. The ESIA study can be considered as an
important project management tool that can assist in collecting and analyzing
information on the environmental effects of a project and ultimately identify
actions, which can ensure that the projects benefits outweigh the impact on the
bio-physical and social environment. The activities which have been
undertaken in each of these steps/stages are presented in the subsection
below.
4.1 SCREENING & SCOPING
An initial reconnaissance visit was conducted to the site to understand the
extent of the site and prevailing environment and social setting in its
immediate vicinity and use it as a basis of screening and scoping exercise for
the ESIA.
An effort was also made to understand the decision process that led to the
selection of the site and how environmental and social issues were factored
into the selection process. Discussions with the respective Zone and Division
of JUSNL revealed that a number of available plots of land belonging to the
government were proposed by the Land Revenue Department and the
decision towards confirmation of the site was made based on the following
technical, environmental and social considerations:
- A total of more than 8 acres of land was available;
- The plot had good road access;
- It did not comprise of prime agricultural land and did not have any
residential premises within it;
- There were no major settlements in the immediate vicinity.
As per the ESMF, an initial environmental and social examination (IESE) was
conducted to determine whether or not there would be key environmental
and social impacts from the construction and operation of Shikaripara GSS at
the allocated site. The results of the IESE has been recorded in an
Environmental and Social Impact Identification Matrix presented in the IA
Section (Chapter 6) and was used as a tool for scoping the ESIA to potential
environmental and social issues of concern. The IESE also helped in
determining the requirement for other specialized studies e.g. Resettlement
Plan, Biodiversity Action Plan and Tribal People Plan.
4.2 BASELINE STUDIES
Establishing baseline helps in understanding the prevailing environmental
and socio economic status of the study area. It provides the background
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environmental and social conditions for prediction of the future
environmental and social characteristics of the area due to the operation of the
proposed project during its life cycle. It also helps in environmental and social
management planning and strategy to minimise any potential impact due to
the Project activities on surrounding environment.
Considering the project activities described in Chapter 3 it is anticipated that
scale and magnitude of project induced impacts are likely to be perceived
within 2 km radius of the GSS site location and has been considered as study
area for the ESIA. Site surveys were conducted in the study area to
understand the environmental setting of the site and the study area,
understanding of the drainage patterns, presence of physiographic features
e.g. hillocks, rocky outcrops, location of the habitations with respect to the site,
condition of the approach road to the site etc. Ecological surveys and
community consultations were also conducted to collect the information
related to the local community and biological environmental conditions of the
study area. Secondary baseline data collection involved identifying and
collecting available published material and documents on relevant
environmental and social aspects (like soil quality, hydrogeology, hydrology,
drainage pattern, ecology, meteorology and socio-economic conditions) from
veritable sources including Govt. Departments, Research papers, etc.
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4.3 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT
4.3.1 Impact Assessment
The key aim of the impact assessment process was to characterize and
evaluate potential environmental and social impacts arising out of the project
and prioritize them so that they can be effectively addressed through
Environment & Social Management Plans (ESMPs). The potential impacts
have been identified through a systematic process wherein the activities (both
planned and unplanned) associated with the project, across the construction
and operational phases have been considered with respect to their potential to
interact with environmental and social resources or receptors. Thereafter,
sequential impact assessment steps involving impact prediction, evaluation,
mitigation and enhancement and evaluation of residual impacts have been
followed in a phased manner.
Prediction of impacts was undertaken as an objective exercise to determine
what could potentially happen to the environmental and social receptors as a
consequence of the project and its associated activities and took into account
baseline conditions at site, stakeholder’s opinion and expert judgement. The
evaluation of impacts was done using a semi-quantitative, based on the
delineation of a set of criteria as follows:
Scale: Degree of damage that may be caused to the environmental
components concerned.
Extent: The extent refers to spatial or geographical extent of impact due to
proposed project and related activities.
Duration: The temporal scale of the impact in terms of how long it is
expected to last.
Magnitude: Degree of change caused by a project activity is a function of
Scale, Extent and Duration, as applicable.
Vulnerability of Receptor: Represents the sensitivity of the receptor based on
the relationship between the project and present baseline environment (the
receptor).
Once magnitude of impact and sensitivity/ vulnerability/ importance of
resource/ receptor have been characterized, the significance was assigned for
each impact using an impact score for each criteria, following a systematic
rating method, leading to the qualification of significance of impact as
Negligible, Minor, Moderate and Major. The overall impact assessment
methodology is presented in Figure 4.1below.
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Figure 4.1 Impact Assessment Process
4.4 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT PLAN PREPARATION
The Environmental & Social Management Plan along with a Monitoring Plan
has been prepared as a site specific document for the construction and
operation of the GSS. The ESMP would act as a guidance document for JPSIP
to ensure that they can implement the project in an environmentally sound
manner where project planners and design agencies, contractors, relevant
government departments and stakeholders of concern understand the
potential impacts arising out of the proposed project and take appropriate
actions to properly manage them.
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5 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
5.1 INTRODUCTION
This section establishes the baseline environmental and socio economic status
of the project site and surrounding area to provide a context within which the
impacts of the Project are to be assessed.
5.2 LAND USE/LAND COVER
Total land under the proposed GSS site is 10 acre and it is under Land
Revenue Department of Dumka District. Entire land for proposed GSS site is
barren land and no agriculture land is involved within the proposed site.
Agricultural land is the most predominant land use with in the study area
followed by Barren Land. Existing land cover pattern in and around the study
area is presented in Table 5.1 and the land use map of the study area is shown
in Figure 5.1.
Table 5.1 Existing Land Use/Land Cover Pattern of the Study Area
Name Area in Sq. Km. Percentage
Agriculture 7.42 59.10%
Barren Land 2.52 20.05%
Plantation 0.09 0.70%
Industrial 0.70 5.61%
Settlements 1.50 11.93%
Streams 0.03 0.24%
Waterbody 0.13 1.00%
Roads 0.15 1.17%
Railway Track 0.03 0.20%
Total Area 12.56 100%
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Figure 5.1 Land Use/ Land Cover Map of the Study Area
5.3 SOIL
The proposed GSS is located in in a flat land with gentle slope. The soil in this
proposed site and adjoining area are lateritic, red in colour, highly permeable,
course textured with low organic matter content and is less fertile. Photograph
of exposed soil at the project site is provided in Figure 5.2.
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Figure 5.2 Soil at Project Site
5.4 CLIMATE AND METEOROLOGY
The climate of Dumka district represents a transition between the dry and
extreme climate of northern India and the warm and humid climate of West
Bengal. Winter commences from mid-November and extends up to the middle
of March, December and January being the coldest months. The winter is
characterized by heavy dew, thick fog and associated with cold waves. The
winter is followed by summer, which lasts till mid – June and then monsoon
sets in which generally lasts till the end of September. During winter, the
mercury drops to 4 °C and during summer, it shoots up to 46 °C. The relative
humidity varies between 50 – 60%. Majority of the rainfall in the area is
received through the South-West monsoon between June to September .The
total rainfall on the average is about 1163.4 mm, of which 85% precipitation is
during rainy season only.
5.5 NATURAL HAZARD
Natural hazard is very rare phenomena in Dumka district. There is no
reported occurrence of natural Disaster in the history of Dumka district.
Discussions with locals reveal that they have not experienced any flooding
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situation in the past. The risk of flooding in GSS site and surrounding is thus
considered as very low. Due to slop of the site (6m) water quickly flows
towards low lying areas so problem related to temporary water logging is also
rare.
5.6 AIR& NOISE ENVIRONMENT
There are approx. 20 nos of stone crusher at north-eastern side of the project
site. In this area stone crushers are the primary and potential source of
emission of particulate matter into air. Further, vehicle plying on NH 114 A
(which is approx. 420m north of the site) is another prominent source of
fugitive emission in this area. During site visit it was observed that black top
of this road was removed at number of places. This might aggravate the
fugitive emission on this road.
These stone crushers are the primary source of noise pollution. During site
visit, it was witnessed that high noise level are generated from these stone
crushers. Therefore, ambient noise quality in this area is representative of
industrial areas. Noise is also generated from transportation of vehicles
through NH 117 A. Since the Highway is approximately 500 m from the site,
noise generated due to movement of vehicle is getting attenuated.
5.7 DRAINAGE
As per the site assessment, there is no defined drainage channel present
within the proposed GSS site. Only few micro drainage channels present
which carry the runoff water from site surrounding to nearest river i.e.,
Brahmani River which is located at 5 km north. Using a higher level Digital
Elevation Model the contours have been established. The highest and lowest
contours of the site are 78 m at northeastern side and 72 m at southwestern
side respectively.
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Figure 5.3 Drainage Map of the Study Area
5.8 GROUND WATER
As per the hydrogeological map of the District drawn up by the CGWB, the
hydrogeology comprises of consolidated formation of the Upper
carboniferous to upper Triassic age and characterized by sand stone and shale
in which the ground water is restricted to a weathered residuum and
fractured zone. As of 2013, the gross ground water draft for all uses in the
Block was 528.57 ha-m and the stage of ground water development was about
13.48%.
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From the aquifer characteristic and water resourcing angle, the depth to water
table in the Shikaripara Block is reported to vary between 5-10 m. bgl both
during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon season (as per CGWB Groundwater
Information Booklet for Dumka District, 2013). The dug wells generally tap
the initial shallow aquifer and many of such wells dry up during summer
months. The hand pumps generally tap the first fracture zones in the lateritic
terrain at depths of 30-40 m.bgl while the bore wells tap the deeper granite
terrain zones, where the first fracture occurs between 50 – 70 m and the second
fracture between 100-120 m bgl. Discharge of the bore wells range from 10 – 30
m3/hr and with a drawdown between 13 to 20 m.
Consultations with villagers in the study area revealed that ground water is
predominantly used for drinking and domestic purposes and is sourced
through dug wells or tube wells. From the ground water quality perspective,
the water quality has been found to be potable in general and from the ground
water quality perspective, ground water parameters are within permissible
limit.
5.9 SURFACE WATER
There is no such big surface water body is present with the 2 km periphery of
the proposed site except some pond which is used by local community for
their daily use.
5.10 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
The proposed GSS site in Dumka district of Jharkhand State falls in 6B Deccan
Peninsula – Chota-Nagpur Bio-geographic Province1.
Terrestrial Ecosystem
In Dumka district, about 1609.89 sq. km of forest area is present, which is
about 29.2% of the total geographic area of the district. As per site assessment
proposed land for GSS site is located within the GM land area few trees,
shrubs and herbs etc.
Natural vegetation in the region can be broadly classified into 5B Northern
Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests. The dominant species in the region is Sal
(Shorea robusta).
5B Northern Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests – In this region dry deciduous
forest are found in the drier parts, mostly in the upper ridges. Here also the
dominant species is sal (Shorea robusta). Other species that are associated with
sal are Termnalia belerica, Terminalia chebula, Haldina cordifolia, Madhuca latifolia,
Butea monosperma, Diospyros melanoxylon, Ailanthus excelsa, Cassia fistula etc.
1 http://iipsenvis.nic.in/Database/Envis_5275.aspx
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5.10.1 Vegetation within the Study area
There is no forest area within 2 km study area of the Shikaripara GSS.
Vegetation within the study area is presented below
Homestead plantation
During the primary survey trees like neem (Azadirachta indica), wad (Ficus
benghalensis), aam (Mangifera indica), kadam (Haldina cordifolia), mohua
(Madhuca latifolia), palas (Butea monosperma), semal (Bombax ceiba), peepal
(Ficus religiosa), sugar palm (Borassus flabellifer) etc. were found to occur
frequently in proximity to the human settlements within the study area.
Roadside plantation
Trees recorded on either sides of the roads are sal (Shorea robusta), rain tree
(Samanea saman), babool (Acacia nilotica), wad (Ficus benghalensis), ashoka,
(Saraca asoka), shisham (Dalbergia sisso), munga (Moringa oleifera), chhatim
(Alstonia scholaris), Eucalyptus sp., Acacia auriculiformis.
Riparian Vegetation
Riparian vegetation is observed on the sides of streams and waterbodies.
Major vegetation observed are jamun (Syzygium cumini), Eucalyptus sp., semal
(Bombax ceiba), wad (Ficus benghalensis), shisham (Dalbergia sisso), Acacia
auriculiformis etc.
Invasive Alien species
Major invasive species recorded during the study are: Acacia auriculiformis,
Lantana camara, Parthenium hysterophorus etc.
5.10.2 Wildlife Habitat and Faunal Diversity
Wild Life Habitat
No Sensitive Ecological Habitat like National Park, Wild Life Sanctuary, Tiger
Reserve or Elephant Reserve is located within the study area of the GSS.
Faunal Diversity
Herpetofauna
Two species of amphibians viz. Common Toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus)
and Indian Bullfrog (Hoplobatrachus tigerinus) etc. are observed from the study
area. All the species are listed Least Concern as per IUCN Classification
(IUCN Version 2017-3).
Six species of reptiles were observed/reported from the study area. The list
includes Common Krait (Bungarus caeruleus), Indian Rat Snake (Ptyas
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mucosus), Banded Krait (Bungarus fasciatus), Indian Cobra (Naja naja),
Checkered Keelback (Xenochrophis piscator) and Oriental Garden Lizard
(Calotes versicolor). The list includes three Schedule II species as per the Indian
Wildlife Protection Act (1972) viz. Indian Cobra, Indian Rat Snake and
Checkered Keelback.
Avifauna
A total of 28 species were recorded from the study area. The species list
includes terrestrial and aquatic birds. Terrestrial and aquatic birds recorded
are presented below
Terrestrial birds -Shikra (Accipiter badius), Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis),
Paddyfield Pipit (Anthus rufulus), House Swift (Apus nipalensis), Common
Pigeon (Columba livia), House Crow (Corvus splendens), Black Drongo (Dicrurus
macrocercus), Asian Koel (Eudynamys scolopaceus), Coppersmith Barbet
(Psilopogon haemacephalus), Little Green bee-eater (Merops orientalis), Black Kite
(Milvus migrans), House sparrow (Passer domesticus), Baya weaver (Ploceus
philippinus), Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri), Red-vented Bulbul
(Pycnonotus cafer), Indian Robin (Copsychus fulicatus), Jungle babbler (Turdoides
striata) etc.
Aquatic birds- Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Intermediate Egret (Ardea
intermedia), Little Egret (Egretta garzetta),Common Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis),
White-breasted Waterhen (Amaurornis phoenicurus), Grey Heron (Ardea
cinerea), Indian Pond Heron (Ardeola grayii), Pied Kingfisher (Ceryle rudis),
White-throated Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis), Little Cormorant (Microcarbo
niger), Purple Swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio), Red-wattled Lapwing
(Vanellus indicus)etc.
Shikra (Accipiter badius) and Black Kite (Milvus migrans) are listed as Schedule I
as per Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. All the species are listed as Least Concern
as per IUCN Classification (IUCN version 2017-3).
Mammals
Seven species of mammals are reported/recorded from the study area. The
mammals observed/reported in the study area are Five-striped Palm Squirrel
(Funambulus pennantii), Golden Jackal (Canis aureus), Common Grey Mongoose
(Herpestes edwardsii), Northern Plains Langur (Semnopithecus entellus), Rhesus
macaque (Macaca mulatta), House Mouse (Mus musculus), Indian Flying Fox
(Pteropus giganteus) etc. Large mammals were reported to be absent in the
study area. The list includes four Schedule II species Golden Jackal, Common
Grey Mongoose, Indian Northern Plains Langur and Rhesus macaque. All the
species are listed as Least Concern as per IUCN Classification (IUCN version
2017-3).
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5.11 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
The proposed Shikaripara substation is located in Dumka district. The
population of Dumka district according to the 2011 census is 1,321,442 as
compared to 1,106,521 during 2001, registering a decadal growth rate of
compared to 1,106,521 as per the census of 2001, registering a decadal growth
rate of 19.42 %. Analysis reveals that Dumka district accounts for 4.00 % of the
total population of Jharkhand State.
According to the 2011 census data, the sex ratio of Dumka district at 976.68 is
significantly higher than the state average of 940. STs constitute 43.21 % of the
total population of Dumka as against the state figure of 26.2%.However, the
opposite trend is observed in case of the SCs, i.e. SCs account for only 6.2 % of
the total population of Dumka district against the state figures of 12.08%.
Total household in Shikaripara block, where the proposed Shikaripara GSS
project site is located, is reported to be 27609 with average household size of
4.76. The total population of the Shikaripara block is 131464 as per Census
Report 2011. The literacy rate is 57.09% and the sex ratio is reported to be 959.
Demographic Profile of the Study area Villages
Proposed GSS land is situated in Kalipathar mouza of Shikaripara block, while
11 other villages is also located within the 2 km study area in Shikaripara
block. As per the 2011 Census records, the study area has a total of 766
households and a population of 3657. The entire population in the study area
falls in the rural area. Demographic profile of the study area village is
presented in Table 5.2.
Table 5.2 Demographic profiles of the village located within study area
Village
To
tal
Ho
use
ho
ld
To
tal
Po
pu
lati
on
Av
era
ge
Ho
use
ho
ld S
ize
Ma
le
Fe
ma
le
SC
Po
pu
lati
on
(%)
ST
Po
pu
lati
on
(%)
Lit
era
ry R
ate
(%)
Ma
le L
ite
rary
rate
(%
)
Fe
ma
le L
ite
rary
rate
(%
)
Digalpahari 173 882 5.10 50.34 49.66 9.07 38.32 64.39 80.00 48.75
Dhanghara 102 488 4.78 53.07 46.93 0.00 100.00 67.11 82.00 50.28
Kalipathar 80 379 4.74 49.34 50.66 0.00 90.24 69.59 82.78 57.74
Dhawadangal 101 466 4.61 51.07 48.93 0.00 98.07 48.39 63.24 33.69
Laripahari 152 687 4.52 46.43 53.57 0.00 93.60 57.14 71.97 44.22
Patharghara 22 88 4.00 55.68 44.32 0.00 100.00 70.67 92.68 44.12
Kurunda 77 373 4.84 51.47 48.53 0.00 97.32 57.34 71.92 42.14
Belbuni Upar 31 144 4.65 53.47 46.53 0.00 100.00 64.29 70.91 57.89
Khusalpur 28 150 5.36 47.33 52.67 0.00 100.00 79.69 91.67 69.12
Source: Census 2011 Data
Demographic Profile of Surveyed Population of Kalipathar Village
A general socio economic survey of over 20% of households i.e. 15 households
was conducted during the month of January, 2018 as a part of the EIA study to
understand the present socio-economic scenario of Kalipathar village. The
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questionnaire template used for administering the survey is presented in
Annexure 8. Community consultations were also conducted to supplement
the survey findings.
Total number of surveyed population is 52 from 15 households. The average
household size is 3.46 which is lower than the household size recorded in the
Census data. Among the 52 surveyed populations, total male and female
population is 65.38% and 34.62% respectively and the sex ratio is 529.
Table 5.3 Demographic profiles of the Surveyed Population
Village
To
tal
Ho
use
ho
ld
To
tal
Po
pu
lati
on
Av
era
ge
Ho
use
ho
ld
Siz
e
Ma
le
Fe
ma
le
SC
Po
pu
lati
on
ST
Po
pu
lati
on
Lit
era
ry R
ate
(%
)
Ma
le L
ite
rary
ra
te (
%)
Fe
ma
le L
ite
rary
ra
te
(%)
Kalipathar 15 52 3.46 65.38 34.62 0.00 100 17.31 25.53 5.56
Source: ERM Socio Economic Survey
Age group distribution of the surveyed population show that maximum
number of population belongs to the working age group of 21 to 50 followed
by the young age group (11 to 20) which potentially will become the working
age group in the future. Figure 5.4 represents the age group distribution of the
surveyed population.
Figure 5.4 Age Group Distribution of the Surveyed Population
Source: ERM Socio Economic Survey
SC/ST Population
The scheduled tribe population in the study area is 90.84%, which is higher
than the district figure of 35.6% as per Census 2011 data. Proportion of SC and
ST Population in the study area is captured below. Caste and community
profile of the study area further reflects that percentage of Scheduled Tribes
0-4
5-10
11-20
21-50
51-60
60+
Inner Circle Total Population Middle Circle Male Population Outer Circle Female Population
Age Group Distribution
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(ST) population is almost quite significant in the study area. Dhanghara and
Patharghara village is having 100% ST population.
Percentage of Scheduled Caste (SC) population is almost negligible (1.01%) in
the study area. However, village Digalpahari is having the presence of SC
population (9.07%) among the entire study area and in other villages SC
population is absent.
Remaining population are further classified into General Caste and OBC
(Other Backward Caste) that is not accounted for in the Census survey of
India. Considering the project activities, no impacts are envisaged on the SC
and ST Population of the area.
Figure 5.5 Proportion of SC/ST Population in the Study Area vis-à-vis Block/District
Source: Census 2011 Data
SC & ST Population of Surveyed Village (Kalipathar)
Community consultation also reveals that Kalipathar is a tribal village and
having 90 percent ST population as per census 2011. It can be observed from
the survey data that 100 percent survey population belongs to ST population.
5.11.2 Education profile
Literacy Profile
Literacy status of the study area villages is presented in Figure 5.6 and it
suggests that the average literacy rate in study area villages (64.29%) is lower
than that observed at the State level (77.13%). Female literacy rate (49.77%) is
also lower in all the study area villages. A general trend of education level
attainment in study area as observed during consultation is that mostly
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Po
pu
lati
on
(%
)
Sc Population (%)
St Population (%)
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teenagers drop out after Secondary School and key reasons against this higher
drop-out rate were economic conditions of the families as well as lack
education infrastructure in the vicinity.
Figure 5.6 Literacy profile of the study area villages
Source: Census 2011 Data
Educational profile of Surveyed Population of Kalipathar Village
Out of total 52 surveyed populations, only 17.31 percent are literate and 82.69
percent are illiterate. Male and female literacy rate is 25.53 percent and 5.56
percent respectively and illiteracy rate is higher amongst the female
population in comparison of male population.
Educational status of surveyed population shows that maximum category of
population are either educated up the secondary level or continuing their
education in secondary level. Educational status of the surveyed population
presented in Figure 5.7.
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
Po
pu
lati
on
(%
)
Literate (%)
Male Literate (%)
Female Literate (%)
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Figure 5.7 Educational Status of the Surveyed Population
Source: ERM Socio Economic Survey
Educational Infrastructure
The assessment of education facilities and education promotion programs
provided by the government in study area indicates that available education
infrastructures in terms of number of schools are not adequate. Number of
schools and colleges existing in study area villages is shown below. The
information is compiled from village directory, 2011. The table reflects that
each village is having a primary Middle school in its peripheral boundary.
However, numbers of high secondary, higher secondary and college is present
in Shikaripara area.
Table 5.4 Schools facilities in study area
Study Area Villages
Pre
-pri
ma
ry
sch
oo
l
Pri
ma
ry s
cho
ol
Mid
dle
sch
oo
l
Se
con
da
ry s
cho
ol
Se
nio
r se
con
da
ry
sch
oo
l
De
gre
e c
oll
eg
e
Digalpahari N Y N N N N
Dhanghara N N N N N N
Kalipathar N Y Y Y N N
Dhawadangal N N N N N N
Laripahari N Y N N N N
Patharghara N N N N N N
Kurunda N Y N N N N
Belbuni Upar N Y Y Y Y N
Khusalpur N N N N N N
Digalpahari N N N N N N
Source: Village Directory, Census 2011 (Y – Yes; N – No)
Educational Infrastructure of Surveyed Village
All respondents informed that a Primary and secondary school is present
within 1 to 1.5 km of the village but collage is not present.
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
Total
Male
Female
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