Entrepreneurial Models" Learning is acquiring new or modifying

existing knowledge, behaviours, skills, values or preferences and may involve synthesizing

different types of information.“

Andrew TurnbullAberdeen Business School

Model One A: Kuratko & Hodges The Creative Thinking Process

Model One B: Churchill, N. The Opportunity Ladder

• The new business venturing into the unknown

• A small problem A becomes medium sized problem B, becomes large problem C

• Each needs more in the way of new skills and relies less on current skills

Model Two: Moore, C. The Entrepreneurial Process

Model Three: Davidsson, P. Economic-Psychological Model

Model Four: Gibb & Ritchie Mair Start Up Model

Model Five: Ansoffian Model (see also ‘Pettigrew’s Triangle’)

• Where are we now?Mission Aims, Goals, Objectives• Where are we going?

Review of internal environment (strengths, weaknesses) and external environment (opportunities, threats)

Strategic choice• How do we get there?

Implementation Monitor Reappraisal

Model Six: Eickhoff, M. & Jakob, C. The Business Evolution Process

Business PlanningBusiness Creativity

Creative or divergent Phase Analytical or convergent Phase

Idea-Generation

? !

Imple-mentation

Idea-Evaluation

Business Development

Definition of the Problem

Model Seven: Birkinshaw, J. Freedom v. Control in Enterprise Growth

Model Eight: Burns, P. Cycling

Model Nine a: Greiner, L. Five Growth Stages

Model Nine b: Scott & Bruce Managerial Stages Five Stages:Inception, Survival, Growth, Expansion, MaturityManagement Role:Direct supervision, supervised supervision, delegation/

coordination, decentralisation, decentralisationManagement Style:Entrepreneurial/individualistic, entrepreneurial/

administrative, entrepreneurial/coordinated, professional/administrative, watchdog

Organisation Structure: Unstructured, simple, functional/centralised, functional/

decentralised, decentralised/functional/product

Model Ten: McDonald, M. Knowledge Entrepreneurship

Model Eleven: Nicholls, A. The 7 Cs of the Entrepreneur’s Role

The entrepreneur needs to be a: • Creator – inventor of new/original ideas• Catalyst – inspiring others/creating synergies• Coordinator – mobilising/harmonising action• Contributor – supporting, enabling and

enhancing at the ‘interface’• Calculator – monitor, change, engineer• Champion – acting as advocate for the cause• Communicator – people focused and change

oriented, articulating the transformation

Other Models!• Porter’s 5 Forces• Wickham’s ‘The Strategic Window (of

Opportunity)’ (Chapter 22:Strategic Entrepreneurship, 4th ed.

• Bygrave’s ‘Ten Ds’• Carson (& Gilmore) ‘SME stages of

marketing growth’• What can you find? Original is good!