entrenamiento pro basico

Developers of the CEL-FI® SMART SIGNAL BOOSTER

ENTRENAMIENTO Cel-Fi PRO

Feb 2015


04/22/2023 Confidential

INTRODUCCIÓN CEL-FI PRO


04/22/2023 PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 3

NEXTIVITY Inc.

Fundada en 2006, basada en San Diego, California Nextivity diseña y desarrolla soluciones de cobertura celular para interior, carrier-grade,

así como el software y la tecnología de los circuitos integrados sobre los que se construyen.

La experiencia de nuestro equipo incluye más de 20 start ups y grandes compañías como Qualcomm, Broadcom, HP, Motorola o Intel

Nuestra sede está en San Diego, California, y tenemos oficinas de soporte y ventas en el Reino Unido, Alemania y Singapur y a través de partners en todo el mundo.

Hemos entregado cientos de miles de nuestros equipos Cel-Fi desde Julio de 2009 en Europa, América, Asia, Oriente medio y África.

En la actualidad le vendemos a más de 137 operadores de más de 66 países.


Introduction and General Overview

4

PRESENTANDO LA FAMILIA CEL-FI

RS2, Single Band, 3 UMTS Carriers

RS2, Dual Band, 3 UMTS Carriers

DUO, Dual Band, 35 MHz UMTS + LTE

PRO, Quad Band, 35 MHz UMTS + LTE



INTRODUCCION AL SISTEMA CEL-FI


Cel-Fi, Introducción

Company Private - Nextivity

Developers of the CEL-FI® SMART SIGNAL BOOSTERCel-Fi

Minimal Voice Coverage

Company Private - Nextivity


8

Ejemplo de cobertura sin Cel-Fi


9

Cobertura mejorada con Cel-Fi


Powered By The Ares Baseband Processor

Confidential04/22/2023 10

INTELLI boostSignal

Processing

INTELLI boost

Modem

CellAFE

UNIIAFE

32bit RISCμController76.8MHz

iCache8kB

dCache8kB

BootROM

SRAM160kB

DDRInterface

SecurityCore

Serial FlashInterface

GPIO SPIInterfacesUART

TimersAux

3 XDAC

ADC

INTELLI boostSignal

Processing

INTELLI boost

Modem

CellAFE

UNIIAFE

32bit RISCμController153.6MHz

iCache8kB

dCache8kB

BootROM

SRAM640kB Security

Core


GPIO SPIInterfaces

5 x UART

Timers

CellAFE

CellAFE

3Kb OTP

SD CardInterface

Aux

3 XDAC

ADC

Cel-Fi RS1x0• 100 dB Max system gain• Approx 80 dB Median system

gain• Single-tap Echo Cancellation• 1 x 5MHz Channel• 1 x Frequency band• Typical Config = Single 5MHz

channel in 2.1 GHz band

INTELLI boostSignal

Processing

INTELLI boost

Modem

CellDig I/F

UNIIAFE

32bit RISCμController200MHz

iCache8kB

dCache8kB

BootROM

SRAM1MB

DDR3Interface

SecurityCore


GPIOSPIInterfaces

5 x UART

Timers3Kb OTP

NAND FlashInterface

Aux

4 XDAC

ADC

32bit RISCμController200MHz

iCache8kB

dCache8kB

SD CardInterface

CellDig I/F

CellDig I/F

CellDig I/F

12 x PDMInterfaces

Cel-Fi RS2xx• 100 dB Max system gain• 85 dB Median system gain• Multi-tap Echo Cancellation• 1, 2, 3 x 5MHz Channel• 2 x Frequency bands• Typical Config = 2x5MHz channels

in 2.1GHz band + 1x5MHz in 900MHz band

OR• 2x5MHz channels in 1.9GHz band +

1x5MHz in 850MHz band

Cel-Fi RS3xx• 100 dB Max system gain• >95dB median System Gain• Multi-tap, ultra-fast adapting

Echo Cancellation• 5, 10 and 20MHz Channels

supported• 35MHz total relay bandwidth• 4 x Frequency bands• Automatic configuration for

HSPA/LTE to support technology and band migration plans



Comparison To RS2Cel-Fi RS2 Cel-Fi PRO

3GPP Compliance 3GPP TS 25.143 Rel. 8 3GPP TS 25.143 Rel. 10 (WCDMA)3GPP TS 35.143 Rel. 10 (LTE)

Total Relay bandwidth 15 MHz across one or 2 bands 35MHz across 1, 2, 3 or 4 bands

Supported bands Band II/IVBand II/VBand IBand I/VIIIBand V

Band II/IV/V/XII Band I/III/VII/VIII

UL power level >25.7dBm total EIRP Composite >23dBm EIRP per band (29 dBm Composite)

DL power level 14.7dBm total EIRP Composite 16dBm EIRP per band (22 dBm Composite)

System Delay <7s <10s (approx 8.5 s)

NU/CU interconnect Proprietary 5GHz link High capacity, proprietary 5GHz link

Value added features Basic remote control via URA commandsRemote ON/OFF via PRACHLocation LockingAutomatic frequency scanningUSB based SW upgrade portµSD Card SW Upgrade OptionExt. Antenna Connector Available

Basic remote control via URA commandsRemote ON/OFF via PRACHAutomatic frequency scanningUSB based SW upgrade port Ext. Antenna Connector Available (factory installed)Flexible Technology Discovery



Under The Hood: Ease of Installation

New user interface supports a “Whole System” view of the installation.• Status of both the Network Unit (NU) and Coverage Unit (CU) can be

seen from either device display screen• User interface provides easy to understand graphical and text

instructions for each step of the setup and optimization process• A 20 second press on the backlight on/off button takes you to a set of

advanced network monitoring screens

As always there is no need for the user to:• Connect to a broadband router• Install external antennas• Run cables between the devices• Create a database of “allowed users”



Under The Hood: Enhanced Echo CancellationWith Cel-Fi PRO, Nextivity is introducing a enhanced echo cancelation system. Users will experience a significant improvement in signal levels when compared to previous Cel-Fi products.As a result customers using Cel-Fi PRO will see a higher number of bars on their mobile device throughout the “coverage bubble”.



Under The Hood: Network Safety Features

• Feedback Cancellation / Oscillation • Real-Time Node B RSSI, RSCP & PL Estimation • Node B Noise Rise Avoidance• Automatic Uplink Gating When Inactive • PLMN-ID Detection for Secure Use

1 2 3

End to End Signaling Delay: WCDMA = 8.5us LTE=6.6us



Under The Hood: Super Channels

TX PA

Select Band

PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 8 October 2013

900 MHz – Band 81800 MHz – Band 32100 MHz – Band 120MHz of Band 7 ?

5MHz 10MHz

?????????

V-Pol Band 1+8TX/RX Antenna

WCDMA or LTE?

5-20MHz BW?

TX PAH-Pol Band 1+8TX/RX Antenna

TX PA V-Pol Band 3+7TX/RX Antenna

TX PAH-Pol Band 3+7TX/RX Antenna

Band 1TX/RX Antenna

Band 8TX/RX Antenna

Band 3TX/RX Antenna

Band 7TX/RX Antenna

900 MHz – Band 8

1800 MHz – Band 3

2100 MHz – Band 1

2600MHz – Band 7

What is a Super-Channel?• A Super-Channel is a radio chain that can relay up to 20 MHz of spectrum• 5, 10, 15, or 20 MHz in bandwidths are supported• Multiple 5MHz blocks inside the 20 MHz BW may be allocated• Each Super-Channel can support one technology – LTE or WCDMA

o One technology may be supported per band. • Cel-Fi Pro has four Supper-Channels and support up to a total of 35 MHz total

bandwidth

Common Cel-Fi Pro Configuration (simplified)


PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL

Under The Hood: Flexible Technology Discovery Each Super-Channel (up to four) can support either LTE or UMTS/HSPA+. This allows the system to automatically switch technologies when LTE is introduced into a coverage area where it was not previously available.

With Cel-Fi PRO, Nextivity introduces the concept of a ‘technology bias’. This allows the operator to define the circumstances when one technology will be preferred over the other based on Band and signal strength:

Here is an example of technology bias:• On band 1: select UMTS unless the LTE signal on LTE is 30dB higher than

UMTS• On Band 8: select LTE unless UMTS signal is 20 dB higher than LTE• On Band 3: only relay LTE where MMC-MNC = XXX-XXX (Technology &

PLMN-ID Bias)• On Band 7: select whichever technology has the highest signal level

Technology discovery is updated every 24 hours during system re-scan.

8 January 2014



Band I, II etcRadio A/B/C/D Technology LTE/HSPACell ID 1 RSCP/RSRP;UARFCN;Ec/IoCell ID 2 RSCP/RSRP;UARFCN;Ec/Io:Cell ID N RSCP/RSRP;UARFCN;Ec/Io

Band I, II etcRadio A/B/C/DTechnology/BW LTE/HSPA;BWDL Center Freq xxx MHzUL Center Freq xxx MHzDL RSSI xx dBmUL RSSI xx dBmMax DL RSCP/RSRP xx dBmMax DL Ec/Io or RSRQ xx dBmRemote Shutdown Enable/DisableExternal Antenna List Bands Using

Band I, II etcRadio A/B/C/D UL Safe Mode Gain xx dB CU Antenna 1 or 2DL System Gain xx dBUL System Gain xx dBCell State Relay/Ranging/PlaceBW 30/40NU Temp xx CCU Temp Xx C

Under The Hood: System Status Screens

8 January 2014

Cell Overview (1 screen/band) System Overview (1 screen/band)

Cell Detail (1 screen/band)5GHz DL Freq xxx MHz5GHz UL Freq xxx MHzUNII Modem State UP/DownNU RSSI xxx dBmCU RSSI xxx dBmNU Tx Pwr xxx dBmCU Tx Pwr xxx dBmAGC BER xE-yRadar Detect Cnt xx

UNII Overview

• 20s Press to Enable• Timeout to normal screen

Start

Loop












Summary of Features and Benefits• Up to ten times more sustained average system gain than previous

versions RS2 = 85dB median system gain PRO = 93-95dB median system gain Improved Coverage Quality

• More than Twice the Bandwidth Supports up to 35 MHz total bandwidth RS2 could support up to three 5MHz Channels = 15 MHz PRO can support up to 35 MHz of boosted channels (many more

channels)• More Bands

Now with up to 4 bands simultaneous boosting RS2 supports up to 2 bands



Summary Of Features and Benefits (2)• LTE Support and Enhanced UMTS/HSPA support

RS2 = UMTS/HSPA+ 3GPP Release 8 PRO = LTE 3GPP Release 10 and/or UMTS/HSPA+ 3GPP

Release 10 With automatic configuration for HSPA/LTE to support technology

and band migration plans• Improved Echo Cancellation (8-10 dB)

Allows higher gain levels throughout the ‘coverage bubble’

• Advanced User Interface Screen Even easier to follow installation process Enables improved quality of device placement for maximum

performance Now with System Status screens for more advanced

troubleshooting and data collection onsite.



FUNCIONALIDAD DETALLADA


21

• Units are factory provisioned with a table of UARFCNs & PLMN IDs– Multiple UARFCNS and PLMNs allowed when an operator deploys multiple carriers,

or has an MVNO relationship• Intelligent Carrier Selection

– The Window Unit (WU) detects the presence and strength of the signal (RSSI) for each UARFCN

– The WU reads the BCH and decodes the MIB to obtain the operator PLMN ID– The WU then runs an algorithm to select the 5MHz Carrier to use

• Measure downlink pathloss on CPICH– Cel-Fi WU reads CPICH Tx power from SIB5 – Cel-Fi WU measures CPICH RSCP received– (DL Pathloss) = (CPICH Tx Power) – (CPICH RSCP)

• Gain Limited– (Gain limit) = (DL Pathloss) – (Safety Margin (33dB for RS2 and 28dB for RS2))– This protects the uplink from unnecessary noise rise– For example when the DL pathloss is relatively low and the system gain is high

Nextivity Confidential Jan 2012

Network Safe Operation


22

Uplink Noise gets Worse for Small Cells

Nextivity Confidential

The potential of a booster causing a noise rise gets worse for “Small Cells”, which are cells with lower power and coverage, designed to fill in coverage holes or offload heavy local data traffic (i.e. train stations).

A Smart Booster that can read the BCH will scale back on UL power so the small cell is not harmed. But a booster that cannot read the BCH can transmit at too much uplink gain/power and completely swamp the small cell receiver.

& DAS

43 dBm CPICH EIRP is typical of a Macrocell, while Small

Cells can be 1 Watt ( 30 dBm) or less. Without the ability to read the BCH CPICH Tx power, a Booster can easily overload

a cell.


UNII Specifications (General)

Nextivity Updated UNII Overview 2013

The Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) radio band is part of the radio frequency spectrum used by IEEE-802.11a devices and by many wireless ISPs. However, operation in this band is not limited to a particular MAC protocol. In fact, article 3.2 of the R&TTE derivative’s only requirement for the devices operating in UNII band is to “avoid harmful interference to other devices”.

The UNII band operates over three ranges:U-NII 1:• 5.15-5.25 GHz. Sometimes referred to as U-NII Indoor – Does Not require Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) or Radar Detection;• 5.25-5.35 GHz. Sometimes referred to as U-NII Low Requires DFS and Radar Detection.U-NII 2:• 5.47-5.725 GHz Requires DFS and Radar Detection.U-NII 3:• 5.725 to 5.825 GHz. (Also Known as UNII–ISM) Does Not Require DFS and Radar Detection


UNII Band Channels Used by Cel-Fi

Nextivity Updated UNII Overview 2013

Cel-Fi Uses Two 27 or 40 MHz Channels:• One from the UNII, 1 Block - either 5.15-5.25 GHz OR 5.25-5.35

(there are 4 non-overlapping & 7 overlapping available 27 MHz channels in UNII-1)

• One from the UNII–2 block - 5.47-5.725 GHz (there are five non-overlapping and 10 overlapping 30 MHz channels in this block but 2 are commonly used for terrestrial weather radar and are therefore avoided; this leaves a total of 3 non-overlapping and 5 overlapping 27 MHz channels for use by Cel-Fi)

By virtue of Dynamic Channel Allocation algorithm, used in the Cel-Fi MAC, Cel-Fi is capable of avoiding congested channels in the UNII band.


25

5GHz Channel Map


Routers use these channels

Router uses these channels

802.11 N – 40MHz channel – four available channels

802.11AC – 80 MHz channel – two available channels

Cel-Fi (WU TX) channels Cel-Fi(CU TX) channels

Cel-Fi- 26 MHz Channel. WU Transmits on Low Band, CU transmits on High Band

or more


26

Remote Disable (Optional)


• Enables remote control (shut-down) of Cel-Fi based on Broadcast Parameters– Different capabilities are available, simple and advanced

• Simple Implementation:– The Cel-Fi listens for PreambleRetransMax value in SIB5 to be shut down and any

other value to re-enable. E-7 is displayed on Coverage Unit. – E.g. set ‘shut-down’ value PreambleRetransMax = 13 to disable all Cel-Fi units in a cell

• Advanced Implementation:– Complex commands are encoded within URA-IDs within SIB2

• Serial number of specific Cel-Fi unit to shut down

• Add specific Cel-Fi units to a group• Shut down all Cel-Fi units in a group /

not in a group• Etc...• Use BuildRemoteCmd.exe to generate

commands


27

Carrier Selection 2.0


Network operator has six channels in one UMTS band– PLMN-ID: 234-30

– UARFCN1– UARFCN2– UARFCN3– UARFCN4– UARFCN5– UARFCN6 (new)

UARFCN1+2ve exists at a border regionUARFCN6 is newly deployed but was not

in the original configuration

Valid PLMN-ID234-30

Frequency ListDL

UARFCN-ve UARFCN search delta

+ve UARFCN search delta Priority Filter

BandwidthUarfcn1 0 2 Normal 5MHzUarfcn2 0 0 Normal 5MHzUarfcn3 0 0 Normal 5MHzUarfcn4 0 0 High 5MHzUarfcn5 0 0 High 5MHz

RSCP Delta 10 dBMinimum RSCP Threshold -104 dBm

Boost best PLMN only TRUE


28

Carrier Selection Example #1


If a Cel-Fi is placed in an area with the following received channels

UARFCN Band Priority RSCP(dBm) RSCP+10? Relayed? Logic behind DecisionUarfcn1+2ve 1 Normal -87 NA Yes This UARFCN sets the highest signal level and was +2 ve

Uarfcn2 1 Normal -88 NA Yes This UARFCN is the second highest w/in 10 dB

Uarfcn3 1 Normal -92 NA No w/in 10dB of highest but #4 wins due to priority

Uarfcn4 1 High -96 -86 Yes Wins because it's w/in 10dB and gets 10 dB priority

Uarfcn5 1 High -98 NA No Not w/in 10 dB of max measured RSCP (priority ignored)

Uarfcn6 1 Undiscovered -89 NA No Undiscovered because Cel-Fi found 3 UARFCN's

Uarfcn1+2ve Uarfcn2 Uarfcn3 Uarfcn4 Uarfcn5 Uarfcn6

10 dB WindowSet by -87 dBm strongest signal

-87 -88-92

-96measured -98

-89New

undiscovered Channel

-86With 10 dB

PriorityAdvantage

-87

-97

Received BAND 1 Signal RSCP (dBm)

10 dB Window



Multiple Input, Multiple OutputMIMO is the use of multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver to improve communication performance.

MIMO is not supported in Cel-Fi Pro

In the majority cases where Cel-Fi is used, the signal to noise ration (SNR) is very low, thus the need for a booster. As such, the chance of getting 2x the data rate via MIMO is also very low.

The larger antennas designed into Cel-fi PRO, allow the system to provide significant SNR improvement which makes up for the lack of multiple antennas.

Thus, overall throughput via Cel-Fi should be similar to or better than a device that supports MIMO in areas with weak coverage.



Carrier AggregationCarrier aggregation is used in LTE-Advanced in order to increase the bandwidth, and thereby increase the bitrate.

Carrier aggregation is supported by Cel-Fi PRO

Channels can be aggregated up the 35 MHz relay capacity of Cel-Fi PRO, for example the system cannot support the aggregation of two 20 MHz channels

Carrier aggregation is a new feature and we would like to hear from as many operators as possible:• What are your plans for deployment?• how are they using SIBs to signal CA channels?



Voice Over LTE

The Cel-Fi Smart Signal booster delivers all information contained in the 5,10,15 or 20 MHz LTE channel it is relaying.

As such it is agnostic to any features carried in that bandwidth.

Thus VoLTE, when implemented on the operator network, is fully supported by Cel-Fi PRO



INTERFAZ DE USUARIO


PRO Start up screensThe first four screens are designed to show you which icon is the Network Unit (NU) and which system is the Coverage Unit (CU).

Click to start sequence, on this and all other slides in this deck


Network Unit PlacementThe next set of screens help you place the Network Unit (NU) in the location where you get the best cellular signal.We will show you tips for optimization later if needed.


Coverage Unit Placement The UI then walks you through placement of the Coverage Unit (CU) in the location where you need improved coverage. It is possible to place the Coverage Unit Too Close, or Too Far from the Network Unit (NU). If this happens you will get an error screen, this will be demonstrated later.We will show you tips for optimization later if needed.


Network Unit Searching For a Signal

The Network Unit (NU) will first search for the cellphone providers signal.

If UMTS and LTE are being relayed: • the display will show both LTE and 3G (or 4G in USA) • bars will show LTE signal Strength

If only LTE is being relayed:• the display will only show LTE • bars will show LTE signal Strength

If only UMTS is being relayed• the display will only show 3G (or 4G in USA) • bars will show UMTS signal Strength


Nu & CU ConnectionOnce the network is found, the Network units tries to establish a connection with the Coverage Unit


Now let’s try some optimization!If you already have 5 bars of signal strength on your Network Unit (NU) and optimum placement on your Coverage Unit (CU) your system is running perfectly and you will see this screen.However, if your system is not running at its highest capacity the system will suggest optimization and you will see this screen.


Let’s try to find a better location for the Network Unit (NU)

If you are not getting five bars of signal on your Network Unit (NU), it might be possible to find a better signal.

Walk around your home or office space with your cell phone, (and your Cel-Fi system unplugged) and try to find a stronger signal.

You can skip this step if you know this is the strongest signal possible in your location.

Think outside the box, try areas of your home like the garage or attic space. Keep in mind that you want keep the Network Unit (NU) indoors and away from harsh weather like rain or snow.


Let’s try to find a better location for your Coverage Unit (CU)

If you do not see five arched bars over the icon of your Coverage Unit (CU) it is likely that you are not getting the largest possible “coverage bubble” from your Cel-Fi PRO system. It may sound strange, but the farther you move the Window Unit and Coverage Unit apart, the more arched bars you will have above the Coverage unit and the bigger ‘coverage bubble’ you will have


Error CodesPossible Errors Indications Include:

(Error 1) Not Receiving Signal(Error 2) CU: Coverage Unit hardware error(Error 3) CU: Coverage Unit is overheating(Error 4) NU: Network Unit is overheating(Error 6) NU: Network Unit hardware error(Error 7) Unit disabled by network(Error 8) Input signal too strong

The units are too close together

The units are too far apart


(Error 1) Not receiving signal.Your Network Unit (NU) is not able to find a cellular signal.

The Window Unit should be moved to a location where signal exist.


(Error 2) CU: Coverage Unit hardware failure.The Coverage Unit (CU) is experiencing a hardware failure.

Power cycling the Coverage Unit (CU) may resolve this issue.


(Error 3) Coverage Unit (CU) is overheating.

The Coverage Unit (CU) is overheating. Please insure that the coverage unit vents are clear of any blockage or move it to a location with better ventilation.

Once the Coverage Unit (CU) has cooled down it will operate as normal.


(Error 4): Network Unit (NU) is overheating.

The Network Unit (NU) is overheating. Please insure that the coverage unit vents are clear of any blockage or move it to a location with better ventilation.

Once the Network Unit (NU) has cooled down it will operate as normal.


(Error 6) NU: Network Unit hardware failure.The Network Unit (NU) is experiencing a hardware failure.

Power cycling the Coverage Unit (CU) may resolve this issue.


(Error 7) Unit disabled by network.The system has been disabled by the mobile network carrier.


(Error 8) Input signal too strong If the unit displays red coverage bars over the network unit icon, the input signal is too strong for the Cel-Fi Pro to function.

The Network Unit needs to be moved to a location that has less signal.


The units too close together.The Coverage Unit (CU) is too close to the Network Unit (NU).

Try moving the units further apart. If the coverage unit is already located where you need service, you can try moving the Network Unit.

If the Network unit is in an area of optimal coverage, you can try moving the Coverage Unit.


The units are too far apart.The Network Unit and Coverage Unit are too far apart.

Try moving the units closer together.

If the coverage unit is already located where you need service, you can try moving the Network Unit.

If the Network unit is in an area of optimal coverage, you can try moving the Coverage Unit.



MODO DE MONITORIZACIÓN



El Cel-Fi PRO dispone de un modo de monitorización, que se activa al apretar el botón junto a la pantalla durante 10 segundos. Esto hará aparecer una serie de pantallas con información avanzada de monitorización de red.

8 January 2014

EL MODO DE MONITORIZACIÓN



Indica los datos fundamentales de la etapa de Radio A

8 January 2014

Pantalla Cell Info



Bandwidth indica el ancho de banda total empleado por la etapa de radio, la etapa de Radio A en este caso• Para una portadora LTE puede

aparecer 5, 10, 15 o 20 MHz• Para una sola portadora UMTS

aparecerá 5 MHz• Para dos portadoras UMTS

contiguas, aparecerá 10 MHz• En caso de que la etapa de radio

no esté configurada, aparecerá 20 MHz

8 January 2014

Pantalla Cell Info



DL (ó UL) Center Freq es la frecuencia central del canal EARFCN o UARFCN• En caso de que esté habilitada la

funcionalidad de Full Band Scan, el valor de la frecuencia puede ir variando mientras el sistema hace su escaneo buscando un EARFCN/UARFCN autorizado. En esa situación, la etapa de radio no estará activa y tendrá un ancho de 20 MHz.

• Cuando el equipo encuentre un EARFCN/UARFCN con un PLMN ID autorizado, lo grabará en su memoria flash.

8 January 2014

Pantalla Cell Info



DL (ó UL) RSSI es el valor de RSSI de Downlink y Uplink sobre el ancho de banda total. • El DL RSSI (Receiver Signal Strength

Indicator) es la medida de la potencia de radio total recibida sobre el ancho de banda de DL indicado arriba.

• En el Uplink (UL RSSI) representa la potencia de radio que están generado las actividades de los usuarios en el área de cobertura (llamadas, registros, envíos de datos…).

8 January 2014

Pantalla Cell Info



Max DL RSRP & MAX DL RSRQ • Puesto que esta etapa de radio

está funcionando en modo LTE se presentan los valores de DL RSRP y DL RSRQ. Si estuviera en modo UMTS aparecerían RSCP y Ec/Io

• RSRP es la medida en potencia media de RF de las señales de referencia LTE

• RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality) representa la calidad de la señal de referencia al igual que el Ec/Io en UMTS

8 January 2014

Pantalla Cell Info



REMOTE S/D • La funcionalidad de Apagado Remoto

desde la Red (Remote Shut Down) se programa en fábrica.

• Si el operador de red hubiera apagado la unidad mediante un comando en su OMC, aparecería “Enabled”. Todas las etapas de radio del equipo estarían apagadas (aunque se reinicie el equipo) y aparecería el mensaje “Error 7 Unidad Deshabilitada por la Red”

• La Unidad de Red permanecería monitorizando la cabecera de la señal hasta que aparezca el comando de “ON”.

8 January 2014

Pantalla Cell Info



Ext Antenna in use • Este campo solo aparece si la unidad

está equipada con la tarjeta para conexión de antena externa

• Cada etapa de radio hace una selección independiente de la antena interna o externa seleccionando aquella que tienen un nivel de señal RSSI mayor en esa banda.

8 January 2014

Pantalla Cell Info



UL Safe Mode Gain • Uplink Safe Mode es una funcionalidad Cel-Fi

encaminada a limitar la ganancia total del sistema (dB) independientemente de la separación /aislamiento de las UR y UC. La ganancia del UL SM se calcula en función de la distancia de la estación base y la UR, más un margen de seguridad. Esta es una característica encaminada a evitar que una ganancia excesiva pueda incrementar el piso de ruido en el UL de la EB (RTWP).

• El UL SM limita tanto la ganancia de UL como la de DL, pues ambas están ligadas.

• En este ejemplo la ganancia de UL SM está en 82 dB y las ganancias del sistema están en 58 dB y por tanto no están limitadas por UL SM.

8 January 2014

Pantalla Sys Info



CU Antenna • La Unidad de Cobertura puede elegir

entre varias antenas internas con distintas polarizaciones de forma automática para mejorar el aislamiento en UR y UC

8 January 2014

Pantalla Sys Info



DL & UL System Gain• La Ganancia de Sistema es función del

aislamiento (separación) entre las unidades de Red y Cobertura. Esta ganancia corresponde con la amplificación que va a tener la señal, por lo que es imperativo tratar de lograr la mayor separación y por tanto la ganancia.

• Si por ejemplo la potencia RSRP de entrada fuera de -90 dBm en la UR y la ganancia de sistema fueran 88 dB, la potencia RSRP de salida en la UC sería de -2 dBm

• La ganancia máxima de sistema es de 100 dB

8 January 2014

Pantalla Sys Info



Cell State• Search: la UR está buscando la lista de

canales 3G y LTE• Raging: la UR ha completado la

información de red, y está procediendo con el algoritmo de selección de antenas.

• Relay: El sistema está funcionando normalmente.

8 January 2014

Pantalla Sys Info



Echo Gain• Representa la ganancia obtenida por el

cancelador de eco. Un valor entre -3 y -9 está dentro de lo normal en estado “Relay”. Valores menores pueden ser ocasionados por que el sistema esté limitando la ganancia por ejemplo debido a UL SM.

• Un valor inferior a -30 estaría indicando que el transmisor está apagado.

8 January 2014

Pantalla Sys Info



UN / CU Temp• Temperatura de la Unidad de Red (NU)

y Unidad de cobertura (CU). La temperatura puede alcanzar hasta 80 º Celsius en funcionamiento normal

• Ambas unidades están diseñadas para una buena ventilación por convección y además disponen de micro-ventiladores internos.

8 January 2014

Pantalla Sys Info



SW:0x002012 : versión de SW 5GHz DL /UL Freq: frecuencias del

enlace UNII UNII Modem State: estado del enlace

UNII NU/CU RSSI: Potencia de radio

recibidas en la banda UNII (objetivo -70 dBm)

UN/CU Tx Pwr: Potencias transmitidas en la banda UNII (max +21 dBm)

Ctrl Chan BER: tasa de error del enlace de control

8 January 2014

Pantalla UNII Overview



Radar Detect Cnt: contador de detección de radar

Distance Metric: Distancia entre las unidades • (-20 significa que todavía se puede

aumentar la separación unos 20 CAC : Channel Availability Check

• Por las normas de la ITU, una vez seleccionados los canales UNII se debe esperar 60 s antes de transmitir hasta comprobar que no hay interferencias o radar

8 January 2014

Pantalla UNII Overview


PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 8 January 2014

Pantalla Cell Detail



SELECCIÓN DE LAS UBICACIONES


74

Placement of the Cel-Fi System


Step 1: Use a 4G handset to find the best4G (LTE) donor signal location for the Network Unit

4G 3G

2G2G

Note: 2G signals are not candidates

3G

2G2G


75



Step 2: Plug in the Network Unit and observe signal “Bars”

• 1 Bar is enough, but more is better• Cel-Fi setup must be complete for the WU “bars” to be accurate• The number of NU bars may vary throughout the day


76



Separate the units to increase the number of arched bars at the CU

Step 3: Place the Coverage Unit where coverage is needed and observe the display

New CoverageFeedback prevented


77

More Gain

More Coverage

Note the increase in arched bars at the CU. CU Tx power increased due to NU-CU separation


Step 4: Move the Coverage Unit is it results in better coverage




78

Coverage Unit Display

3G

3G

Coverage Unit Display


Service not reliable here even though

“bars”

Special Cases of Network Interference

In this situation there seems to be coverage but the service quality is poor due to interference from many cells (Pollution)

Heavy Interference (Pollution)

Cel-Fi

3G


79



What is Pilot Pollution?

High CPICH reception levels from manyCells, (more than MAX_ACTIVE_SET)

sizeserving

cc ASthresholdNE

NEcountPilot )(

00

SC 173

SC 76

SC 485

SC 79

SC 24

173 48576 2479

Too many Pilots

Better

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Numbers of Samples

173 76 485 79 24

SC of Pilots

05

10152025303540

173 76 79 24

Number of Samples

SC of Pilots

Number of

Samples

Number of

Samples


80



Cel-Fi helps create a “best server” situation

High CPICH reception levels from manyCells, (more than MAX_ACTIVE_SET)

sizeserving

cc ASthresholdNE

NEcountPilot )(

00

SC 173

SC 76

SC 485

SC 79

SC 24

173 48576 2479

WithoutCel-Fi

WithCel-Fi

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Numbers of Samples

173 76 485 79 24

SC of Pilots

05

10152025303540

173 76 79 24

Number of Samples

SC of Pilots

Number of

Samples

Number of

Samples

Interfering cells now too low to display


81

Severe Interference on Performance


Coverage Based on Dominance

Coverage Distance from Booster

Sign

al L

evel

High Interference

Low Interference

S/N

S/N

Cel-Fi signal = Interference

Smaller Coverage

Larger Coverage

0 1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 5

If interference is so bad that call quality suffers, a booster can improve service for the smaller area

where it dominates the signal level

There is no sponge to remove interference. You

can only try and overcome it!


82

Consider Serving Cells if Necessary


Recommend Only if needed: Select WU location by Ec/Io & SC

SC:194 SC:480

194The situation before Cel-Fi where the network prefers Cell 194 for data due to Ec/Io

SC:194 SC:480 Here, Cel-Fi placement causes Cell 480 to boost, and 480 and 194 MIGHT interfere (fine for Voice, maybe not Data)

SC:194 SC:480 This placement allows Cel-Fi to boost the Dominant Cell without contributing to data session interference

480194

194


83

Case Studies


Case Study: Cel-Fi @ Binjai8, Kuala Lumpur

TEMS Test Results: RSCP without Cel-Fi


84

Case Studies


TEMS Test Results: Ec/No without Cel-Fi

Case Study: Cel-Fi @ Binjai8, Kuala Lumpurr


85

Case Studies




86

Case Studies


TEMS Test Results: RSCP with Cel-Fi



87

Case Studies




88

Case Studies


TEMS Test Results: RSCP with Cel-Fi



89

Case Studies


TEMS Test Results: Ec/No with Cel-Fi



90

Special Cel-Fi Installations


In some cases multiple Cel-Fi systems may be installed in the same location to:

• Add to capacity (two Cel-Fi’s for same Operator)• Add another Operator (two Cel-Fi’s for different

Operators)• Use different single band Cel-Fi’s• Serial linking of two systems to extend coverage

deep into a structure (serial configuration)• Cover a much larger area (business complex, large

store)

Special installations are outside of the scope of the Cel-Fi Quick Install Guide


91

Installing Multiple Cel-Fi Systems


The concepts of installing multiple Cel-Fi systems is more thoroughly covered in a Tech Bulletin (available upon request). But here are some of the basics:

• Cel-Fi is unconditionally stable when deployed in mass (they will sense each other and mutually scale back on gain to prevent feedback). So maximize each system potential by preventing feedback scenarios (WU1 close to CU2 etc., see examples).

• The WU-CU wireless link may be affected by high numbers of 5GHz Wi-Fi nodes if used. Separation helps (1 meter minimum)

• Due to strong RF variations in commercial environments, a CU-7 may be better than an 8 or 9 (room for fluctuations)

• Install one system at a time (others powered OFF) so the CU# properly references the coverage potential.

• No more than two WU’s or two CU’s should be placed next to each other (1 meter minimum separation)

• Longer UNII setup times may result as many channels are attempted and regulatory compliance completed on each.

• If any red light indications occur, redeploy and test again.

Add these rules when installing many Cel-Fi Systems


92

Example: Multiple Cel-Fi Systems


Large Commercial Space

9000 Square Meters


93



Now lets place the Cel-Fi Pairs(Remember Cel-Fi Pairs have same Serial Number)

CU1

WU1

Cel-Fi 1


94



CU1CU2

WU2 WU1

Cel-Fi 2



95



CU1CU2

CU3

WU2

WU3

WU1

Cel-Fi 3



96



GOOD! Systems well placed in pairs(Performance is maximum for each system)

CU1CU2

CU3

WU2

WU3

WU1

CU2 is closer to it’s companion WU2 than WU1

or WU3 (less pathloss)(same for all Cel-Fi’s)

NOTE: It is really RF Pathloss and not distance that matters


97



CU1CU2

CU3

WU2

WU3

WU1

WU2 is closer to it’s companion CU2 than

CU1 or CU3(same for all Cel-Fi’s)

GOOD! Systems well placed in pairs(Performance is maximum for each system)


98



CU1CU2

CU3

WU2

WU3

WU1

GOOD! Systems well placed in pairs(OK to have up to two same devices together)

OK (2 max with 1 meter apart)


99



NOT AS GOOD! Coupling: Reduces Performance to prevent feedback(Performance is NOT maximum for each system)

CU1

CU2

CU3

WU2

WU3

WU1

WU2 is closer to CU3 than its companion CU2, AND WU2 will see CU3 more

than Macrocell


100



NOT AS GOOD! Coupling: Reduces Performance to prevent feedback(Performance is NOT maximum for each system)

CU1

CU2

CU3

WU2

WU3

WU1

WU1 is closer to CU2 than its companion CU1

(Gain will be reduced)



Nextivity Confidential 101

WU – CU separation distance can be extended due to reflective metal in commercial building floors and ceilings, as compared to a house. While this extends coverage, it can also limit signal penetration between floors.

WU

CU

CU

WU

Typical Home with 20 meters between units for maximum boost.

Commercial construction


102



A loop is where a signal goes through Cel-Fi 1, into Cel-Fi 2 then back into Cel-Fi 1. In this situation Cel-Fi will still work but the coverage footprint will be reduced.

WU#1

WU#2

CU#1

CU#2




Two Window Units may be collocated if separated by 1 meter. Also install each system such that their CU# is roughly the same.


104



Commercial construction techniques usually employ concrete and metal flooring structures that can greatly reduce radio propagation between the floors. The solution is to deploy one or more Cel-Fi units on each floor or every other floor.

WU 1CU 1

WU 2CU 2

WU 3CU 3

WU 4CU 4


105



Each Cel-Fi system is for a different Operator

WU 1 CU 1

CU 2WU 2


106

Summary of Cel-Fi Placement


• In nearly all cases the simple plug and play install procedure is the way to go THIS MEANS ONLY CONSIDER RSCP SIGNAL LEVEL BECAUSE IT CAN BE TRUSTED

• If Ec/Io of the newly covered areas is not about the same or improved, consider placing the Window Unit based on Ec/Io and cell dominance (by Scrambling Code). But because Ec/Io varies, this method can give temporary results.

THIS MEANS DO NOT USE THIS METHOD UNLESS YOU MUST, BECAUSE RESULTS MAY BE TEMPORARY (Ec/Io is highly variable!!!)

• The coverage area size is mostly determined by the separation distance between the Window and Coverage Units. NOTE – A stronger donor signal helps too

• Multiple Unit installs are not covered in the Quick Start Guide and special rules apply (see section on “Installing Multiple Cel-Fi Systems”)



ACCESORIOS



Mounting OptionsEach Cel-Fi PRO will be

shipped with two interchangeable wall

mount brackets


109

External Antennas


Things to consider:

• The Antenna System and Gain

• Antenna, cable, and radio antenna port mush all match in Impedance (e.g. = 50 ohms)• Antennas are designed to operate at specific frequencies, and with gain “Patterns”

Antenna has Gain

Antenna cable has Loss Antenna system gain is sum of both, so a 10 dBi antenna minus 5 dB of cable loss = 5 dBi total antenna system gain

Omni(equal in all directions)

Panel(Directed)

Yagi(Very Directed)

Down-tilt can help decrease long range interference to other cells

Down-tilt to control range

10 dBi

-5 dB


110

Using an External Antenna


Rules for using an External Antenna System (50 antenna and cable)• The external antenna is specified as having 5 dBi antenna system gain

• The Coverage Unit number Coverage (more is better)• The WU and CU separation still helps max SysGain• The Directivity of the antenna may help reject undesired “polluting” cells

Antenna has Gain

Antenna cable has Loss Antenna system gain is sum of both, so a 10 dBi antenna minus 5 dB of cable loss = 5 dBi total antenna system gain

10 dBi

-5 dB

Distance!

50


Using an External Antenna (continued)


• Cel-Fi treats the external antenna as another of the internal to select fromo Check if the external antenna is selected by entering in the Monitor

Modeo System Gain now affected by feedback between CU and Antenna

(rather than CU and WU). Isolate antenna “beam” from CU

More is better


112

External Antenna Port Connection


• The antenna cable must have an SMA male connector

• The antenna cable must be the thin, flexible type– The recess in which the connector and cable must

fit is quite small, therefore the cable must be flexible or it is impossible to attach the connector. A right angle connector or “jumper” may be used.

• Total aggregate gain of the antenna is recommended not be more than 5dBi– This means that the antenna gain, minus the loss

in the cables and connectors must not exceed 5dBi (a regulatory requirement)

– This is so that the performance of the unit as a whole remains within the required specifications


PRO-X Smart Accessory

April 22, 2023 Confidential 113


Cel-Fi PRO – PRO-X Smart Accessory

• Works with any Cel-Fi PRO• Harness attaches to PRO, and provides cabled

connection between NU and CU• Completely passive coupling

• No add’l certification required• No add’l power source

• Use LMR-200 or LMR-240 cables for best results• 30-40m distance between NU and CU



Cel-Fi PRO – PRO-X Smart Accessory


Maintains PRO industrial design

Designed for flexible cable install and routing options

Ultra-simple – each unit is one piece


Use with existing PRO mounts, if desired

PRO-X (rear view)



Features and Benefits

End-user• Coverage!!• Better voice quality, fewer dropped

calls• Faster Internet access• Longer battery life• Seamless handoff to and from macro

network

Venue Owner• Solve coverage problem!!• Reduce customer complaints re: service• Better service is a competitive

advantage• Add network operators without service

disruption

Wireless Network Operator• Coverage!!• Increased customer satisfaction,

lower churn




¡¡GRACIAS POR SU ATENCION!!

Corporate Website:www.nextivityinc.com

Nextivity Web Store:www.Cel-Fi.com

Facebook:http://www.facebook.com/5bars

Follow Us On Twitter:http://twitter.com/5bars


JOSE M. DAZAVP STRATEGIC ACCOUNTS [email protected]+34629036319Skype: jose.daza.m

http://www.nextivityinc.com/

http://www.cel-fi.com/

http://www.facebook.com/5bars

http://twitter.com/5bars

entrenamiento pro basico

Documents