mCÄmNÐlsikSanigGPivDÆn_ksikmμkm<úCa

¬esdak¦

bTBiesaFn_rbs;GgÁkaresdakkñúgkarKaMRTRKYsarRkIRk edIm,IbBa¢ÚnkUneTAeronbzmsikSa enAextþ taEkv kMBg;s<W

éRBEvg sVayerog

eday³ ywm suxsuPas; ywm b‘unLúg

esdak/ ]sPa 2008

2

matikaGtßbT I- esckþIepþIm ___________________________________________________________________ 3 

II- skmμPaByuT§sa®sþrbs;KeRmag _______________________________________________ 6 2>1 kareRCIserIssmaKmksikredIm,IGnuvtþKeRmag ___________________________________________ 6 2>2 karRbCuMCamYYyKN³kmμaFikarsmaKmksikr _____________________________________________ 7 

2>3 kareRCIserIs GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ _______________________________________________ 7 

2>4 kareRCIserIsRKYsarRkIRk nigkarepÞógpÞat;  ______________________________________________ 7 

2>5 karRbmUlB½t’manRKwHPUmi nigB½t’manRKYsar ______________________________________________ 8 2>6 karerobcMsikçasalaCamYyGñkBak;B½n§ __________________________________________________ 8 2>7 karerobcMRbCuMeBjGgÁfñak;PUmi ________________________________________________________ 9 2>8 karsnÞnaCabuKÁlmYyTl;nwgmYyCamYyRKYsarRkIRk _______________________________________ 9 2>9 karKUs Sketch map bøg;lMenAdæanrbs;RKYsarRkIRk ___________________________________ 10 2>10 karbNþúHbNþalBRgwgsmtßPaB  __________________________________________________ 10 

2>10>1 karbNþúHbNþalGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ _____________________________________________  10 2>10>2 karbNþúHbNþalemdwknaMRkumRkIRk  ____________________________________________________ 11 

2>10>3 karbNþúHbNþalRkumRkIRk ___________________________________________________________ 11 

2>10>4 karbNþúHbNþalRkumkumareKaledA ____________________________________________________ 12 

2>10>5 karerobcMTsSnkic©sikSa  ____________________________________________________________ 12 

2>10>6 karKaMRTfvika nigsmÖar³dl;RkumRkIRk __________________________________________________ 13 

III- sßanPaBRKYsar nigkumareKaledAeRkayeBlGnuvtþKeRmag ______________________ 15 3>1 bERmbRmYlR)ak;cMNUlBIkargarksikmμ  ______________________________________________ 15 3>2 bERmbRmYlR)ak;cMNUlBIkargareRkAksikmμ ___________________________________________ 15 3>3 bERmbRmYlkarcMNay ___________________________________________________________ 16 3>4 bERmbRmYlcMeBaHkarsikSarrbs;kumareKaledA ________________________________________ 16 3>5 karTTYl)annUv»kas nigesvakmμsgÁmepSg² _________________________________________ 18 

IV- karviPaKBIemeron nigbTBiesaFn_TTYl)an ___________________________________ 19 V- snñidæan  __________________________________________________________________  22 

VI- Gnusasn_ ________________________________________________________________ 23 

3

SUMMARY

It is crucial all children receive primary education, especially the poorest children who have no chance to go to school and children who are not able to study regularly. To improve primary education in the rural area, the Cambodian Center for Study and Development in Agriculture (CEDAC) has been implementing the Happy Mountain Bird project. It is in collaboration with village based farmer associations, and its purpose is to ensure access to primary education for the children of the poorest families.

To understand how the project’s strategy is improving the livelihoods of the target poorest families, this study was conducted in 24 target villages across five communes of Baphnom and Kompong Trabek districts, Prey Veng province. The 237 poorest families were interviewed, below is the summary of the results:

The project’s strategy is divided into five stages: - Project introduction: the project’s staff organized introductory workshops at the commune

level and village general meetings in each of the target villages. These activities were conducted to present the objectives, activities and strategies of the project to local stakeholders such as commune council members, school teachers and villagers. This enabled them to understand the project, especially the criteria used to select the target poorest families and the target children.

- Wealth ranking was conducted to select the target poorest families. It was done through

discussions with the mangement committee of the village based farmer associations and village chiefs. Crosschecking visits were then made to each family who had been initially selected by the village chief.

- Formation of the target group: when the target families and children had been selected, they

were organized into groups; groups of target poorest families and groups of target children. To make it easier to manage the groups, the group members of the poorest groups elected leaders for their groups. The main role of group leaders is to look after the general management of the group, including the management of collective saving of the group members.

- Group training sessions were held to build up the capacity and knowledge of the poorest group

members and the target children; they were conducted separately every month. Training for group leaders was conducted every three months, the training focused on practical leadership and mangement, collective saving/credit and agricultural techniques.

- At the final stage of the project, the poorest groups were integrated under the umbrella of

village based farmer associations. At the same time, some poorest group members have become direct members of village based farmer association. The integration is a good way to ensure the continuity and sustainability for the target families after the project ends.

1. The livelihood improvements for the target families are described below:

$

- The poorest family on average consists of six people, one or two family members migrate to work as labourers outside the village. Furthermore, 60% of the poorest families are illiterate, 15% of the poorest families are landless, they have no land for rice cultivation and the rest of the poorest families have a rice field of 0.5 ha per family.

4

- One-to-one conversations with the target poorest families are a good way to find out in detail the root cause of their poverty, for example a lack of knowlege and skill to generate income, high expenditure on treatment of diseases, lack of draft animal for farming, indebtedness, unnecessary expenses and gambling, many children, a shortage of labor in the family, etc.

- After cooperation with the project, the target families have increased their income from

agricultural activities. Actually, each target family could increase their income by 248,400 riel per year (a growth of 59%) on top of their income before the project that was only 421,000 riel per year. Therefore at the moment they generate an income of about 669,400 riel per year from agriculture. The income from off-farm activities has also increased, the previous income was only 747,800 riel per year but it is now 871,700 riel per year after the project.

- The family’s expenditure has decreased from 748,800 riel per year before the project to 79,000

riel now. Specifically, they have reduced their spending on disease treatment and on food because their agricultural production has improved.

- The project’s intervention has meant that the target children can go to school regularly and

acheive good results. Before the project, the majority of the target children were absent from school approximately 5 – 7 days each month. Now 36.59% of the children are never absent from school, 53.81% are absent 1 – 3 days each month. As a result of their committment, they have increased the quality of their study and now rank on average 10th among 30 – 40 children in the class.

Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the project’s strategy is appropriate to sustaining primary education for the poorest children. It has been shown that by improving family’s livelihoods the parents are more able and have greater understanding of the advantages to their children’s study, so they commit to send their children to school. With the quality of the children’s study, we can conclude that the poorest children have a lot of potential, while they still have the opportunity to go to school. Finally, the target families still have the potential to increase their income from on-farm activities, if they make efforts to improve their agricultural techniques and so increase productivity.

5

I- esckþIepþIm mCÄmNÐlsikSanigGPivDÆn_ksikm μkm<úCa ¬esdak¦ CaGgÁkarEx μrminEmnrdæaPi)al eFVIkarepþateTA

elIkarGPivDÆn_ksikmμnigCnbT begáIteLIgenAExsIha qñaM1997 edaymankarpþÜcepþImnigKaMRTedayGgÁkar eRhÁt (GRET). mCÄmNÐlenHbegáIteLIgedIm,IeqøIytbeTAnwgkarGPivDÆn_ksikmμCalkçN³RKYsartameKal karN_FmμCati karerobcMshKmn_ nigkarerobcMCaGgÁkarksikrenAtamCnbTénRbeTskm<úCa. rhUtmkdl;Ex mifuna qñaM2008 esdak)anCYyKaMRTksikrcMnYn 85000 RKYsar elIPUmicMnYn 2263 enAkñúg 20 extþ. bEnßmBIenH esdak )anCYysRmbsRmYlbegáItCasmaKmksikrenAtamPUmi)ancMnYn 1131 smaKmenAkñúg extþcMnYn 11.

cab;taMgBIEx ]sPa qñaM2005 GgÁkar esdak )aneFVIkarshkarCamYysmaKmksikrcMnYn 49 edIm,I GnuvtþnUvKeRmagmYyEdlmaneQ μaHfa : KeRmagbkSIPñMrIkray : kñúgeKalbMNgedIm,I[kumarkñúgRKYsarRkIRk bMput)ancUlbzmsikSa. ksikrcMnYn 537 RKYsar nigkumarcMnYn 1328 nak; enAkñúgPUmicMnYn 49 PUmi kñúgextþéRBEvg taEkv nigkMBg;s<W RtUv)aneRCIserIsCaGñkTTYlplRbeyaCn_BIKeRmagenH. KeRmag bkSIPñMrIkray vKÁTI 1 RtUv)anpþl;fvikaedayelak hVÚKUsIuma: ¬GñkCMnYjCnCati Cb:un¦ Edlcab;epþImBIEx ]sPa qñaM2005 dl;Exemsa qñaM2007. edayELk cab;taMgBIExmifuna qñaM2006 dl;Ex ]sPa qñaM2008 KeRmagbkSIPñMrIkray vKÁTI2 )anBRgIktMbn;eKaledAcMnYn 37 PUmiEfmeTot EdlkñúgenaHman 27 PUmienARsuk sVayRCM extþsVayerog nig 10 PUmi eTotenARsukRtaMkk; extþtaEkv. ksikrcMnYn 228 RKYsar nigkumarcMnYn 416 nak;RtUv)aneRCIserIssRmab;eFVIkarKaMRTbEnßm. Casrub KeRmag)anKaMRTkumareKaledAcMnYn 1744 nak; enAkñúg 765 RKYsarenA kñúgPUmicMnYn 86 kñúg 4 extþ KWextþéRBEvg sVayerog taEkv nigkMBg;s<W.

6

II- skmμPaByuT§sa®sþrbs;KeRmag 2>1 kareRCIserIssmaKmksikredIm,IGnuvtþKeRmag

GgÁkar esdak )ansRmbsRmYlbegáItsmaKmksikrCaeRcInenAkñúgtMbn;eKaledArbs;xøÜn. kar Gnuvtþn_KeRmag bkSIPñMrIkray KWCa»kasedIm,IeGaysmaKmksikrmYycMnYnman»kasbMeBjtYnaTIrbs; xøÜn. xageRkamenHKWCaviFIsaRsþeRCIserIssmaKmksikr³ - GñkbNþúHbNþalenAtammUldæan eFVIkarBiPakSaCamYYybuKÁlikKeRmagepSg²eTotrbs; esdak edIm,I

RbmUlB½t’manTak;TgeTAnwgsmaKmEdlsmRsbnwgGacGnuvtþKeRmag)an. - GñkbNþúHbNþalcuHeTACYbBiPakSaCamYyKN³kmμaFikarsmaKmtamPUmi edIm,IepÞógpÞat;B½t’manepSg²

kñúgeKalbMNgEsVgyl;faetIsmaKmksikrenaHBitCaGacGnuvtþKeRmagenH)an. - erobcMeFVIsikçasalabgðajBIKeRmagCUndl;GñkBak;B½n§ EdlkñúgenaHmankarcUlrYmBItMNagsmaKm

ksikrpgEdr edIm,I[GñkcUlrYmyl;c,as;BIehtupl nigeKalbMNgrbs;KeRmag. - smaKmeFVIkic©snüaCamYy esdak edIm,IRBmeRBogKñaelIkarGnuvtþn_tYnaTIrbs;smaKm nigtYnaTIrbs;

esdakkñúgkarGnuvtþn_KeRmagenH. kic©snüakñúgkarGnuvtþn_KeRmagrvagGgÁkar esdak nigsmaKm ksikrenAtamPUmiRtUv)aneFVIeLIgedaymankarcuHhtßelxadwgB¤BIGaCJaFrXuM.

bBaðaCYbRbTHkñúgkareRCIserIssmaKm ³ smaKmPUmixøHmanRKYsarRkIRkeRcIn b:uEnþsmtßPaB KN³kmμakarsmaKmmankRmitTabminTan;GacGnuvtþKeRmagenH )andUcCasmtßPaBkñúgkarsRmbsRmYl CaedIm. müa:gvijeTot KN³kmμaFikarminsUvcuHsMrugKña BIeRBaHkargarenHvaTamTareGaymankarshkar CYyKñaeTAvijeTAmk. edayELk smaKmxøHeTotKN³kmμaFikarGaceFVIkar)anb:uEnþmanRKYsarRkIRktic enAkñúgPUmi. emeronnigbTBiesaFn_TTYl)anmandUcxageRkam ³ - enAeBleyIgerobcMsikçasalaCamYyRbFansmaKmeyIgRtUvbBa¢ak;eGayc,as;BIKeRmag edayeFVIkar

bBa¢ak;BIehtupl eKalbMNg nigviFIsaRsþkñúgkarGnuvtþn_KeRmag edIm,IeGayBYkKat;yl;c,as;nig GnuvtþKeRmag)anl¥enAeBlbnÞab;eTot.

- eyIgeFVIkarTMnak;TMngCamYynwgGñksRmbsRmYlKeRmagrbs;esdakedIm,IeGayKat;CYybBa©ak;fa smaKmBitCal¥ nigmanlkçN³smRsbtamlkçxNÐrbs;KeRmagbkSIPñMrIkray.

- RtUvsikSaEsVgyl;BIskþanuBlFnFanmnusSrbs;smaKm EdlnwgRtUvGnuvtþKeRmagenHeGay)an c,as;las;sin munnwgsMerceRCIserIssmaKmenaHeGayGnuvtþKeRmag.

7

2>2 karRbCuMCamYYyKN³kmμaFikarsmaKmksikr karRbCuMCamYyKN³kmμaFikarsmaKmRtUv)aneFVIeLIgkñúgeKalbMNgedImI,rMlwkeLIgvijBITsSn³Tan

rbs;KeRmag nigbEnßmBIenHKWkarRbmUlB½t’manRKwHtamPUmi. karRbmUlB½t’RKwHenAtamPUmiKWCYyeGay smaKmyl;dwgc,as;BIsßanPaBGb;rMenAtamPUmimuneBlGnuvtþKeRmag. ]TahrN_ cMnYnkumarEdlmin)an cUleronmanb:unμannak;kñúgmYyPUmi² cMnYnRKYsarRkIRkenAkñúgPUmimanb:unμan .l. Tinñn½yEdl)anRbmUlenA kñúgB½t’manRKwHPUminwgRtUv)aneRbIR)as;CasnÞsSn_sRmab;vas;EvgBIbERmbRmYleRkaykarGnuvtþn_KeRmag.

2>3 kareRCIserIs GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ KeRmagbkSIPñMrIkrayKWRtUvGnuvtþedaysmaKmksikrdUecñHsmaKmRtUveRCIserIsGñkTTYlxusRtUvkñúg

karGnuvtþKeRmag EdleyIgehAfa GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ . GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_mñak;KWTTYl xusRtUveFVIkargarCamYyRKYsarRkIRkcMnYnBI 5-10RKYsar. tYnaTIrbs;GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_mandUc xageRkam³

- eFVIkarbNþúHbNþaldl;RkumRKYsarRkIRk nigRkumkumareKaledAenAtamPUmirbs;xøÜn 1 Exmþg - cuHpþl;eyabl;tampÞHRKYsareKaledAeGay)anya:gehacNas; 1 ExBIrdg. - cuHCYbBiPakSaCamYyelakRKU-GñkRKUtamsalaeron edIm,ItamdankarsikSarbs;kumareKaledA

CaTUeTA 3 Exmþg nigcUlrYmvKÁbNþúHbNþalEdleFVIeLIgedayGñkbNþúHbNþal 1 Exmþg.

emeron nigbTBiesaFn_EdlTTYl)ankñúgkareRCIserIsGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_KW ³

- GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_RtUvmanksidæanbgðajdl;RKYsarRkIRkedIm,ICaKMrUdl;ksikrRkIRk - KYreCosvagkareRCIserIsRKYsarRkIRkeGaymantYnaTICaGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ BIeRBaH

Kat;nwgBuMmaneBlevlaRKb;RKan;kñúgkarGnuvtþn_KMnitf μ IpÞal;xøÜn. - edIm,IeRCIserIsGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_)anl¥KYrEtbegáIt[manCalkçN³vinicä½y

nigerobcM[mankarRbLgeFVIetsþsmtßPaBCamunsinmunnwgsMercfaeRCIserIsyk.

2>4 kareRCIserIsRKYsarRkIRk nigkarepÞógpÞat; lkçN³vinicä½yénkareRCIserIsRKYsarRkIRkEdlCaRKYsareKaledA nigkumareKaledArbs;KeRmag

RtUvGnuelameTAtamlkçN³vinicä½ydUcxageRkamenH³ - RKYsarEdlmankUnek μgGayucenøaHBI 5-15 qñaM EdlminGaceTAeron)anedaysarPaBRkIRk. - RKYsarEdlK μandIERs b¤mandItUcRtwm 1 nak; 5 Gar.

8

- RKYsarEdlminmanlT§PaBplites,óghUbcuk)anRKb;RKan; nigK μancMNUlRKb;RKan;edIm,ITij es,ógnigsmÖar³caM)ac;edIm,IpÁt;pÁg;kñúgRKYsar.

- manpÞHtUc dUcCa pÞHs,Úv pÞHsøwk nigCaRKYsarEdlmankarcab;GarmμN_shkarCamYynwgKeRmag bnÞab;BIsmaKm)anshkarCamYyRbFanPUmiedIm,IcuHRsg;eQ μaHRKYsarRkIRkrYcmk GñkbNþúHbNþal

enAtammUldæanRtUvcuHepÞógpÞat;dl;pÞHRKYsaredayeRbIbBa¢IcMNuceKal edIm,IepÞógpÞat;faetIRKYsarEdl)an eRCIserIsBitCaRtwmRtUvtamlkçN³vinicä½yrbs;KeRmagEmnb¤Gt;. TnÞwmnwgenH emeronCabTBiesaFn_ mYycMnYnmandUcxageRkam ³ - karcuHepÞógpÞat;BitCacaM)ac; nigsMxan;edIm,IeRCIserIsRKYsarRkIRkeGay)anBitR)akd. - GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ RtUvEbgEckGarm μN_eGaydac;BIerOgmenaseBa©tna nigkareRCIserIs

RKYsarRkIRkBitR)akdenAkñúgPUmi. - GñkbNþúHbNþalenAtammUldæanKYreFVIkarBiPakSaCamYyGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_munnwgsMerclub

ecaleQμaHRKYsarEdlminRtwmRtUvtamlkçN³vinicä½yrbs;KeRmag edIm,IeGaymankarcUlrYmsMerccitþ nigdwgB¤TaMgGs;Kña.

2>5 karRbmUlB½t’manRKwHPUmi nigB½t’manRKYsar edIm,ITukCaB½t’manRKwHsRmab;eRbobeFobnwgB½t’manEdlnwgRtUvRbmUlenAeBlvaytémøbBa©b;

KeRmag B½t’manRKwHtamRKYsarRkIRkEdlCaRKYsareKaledArbs;KeRmagRtUv)aneFVIkarRbmUleLIgeday GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_. edIm,IeGaymanPaBgayRsYlkñúgkarRbmUlB½t’man GñkbNþúHbNþalmUldæan )anerobcMvKÁbNþúHbNþaledIm,IbegáItnUvTRmg;RbmUlB½t’man rYceFVIkarcuHGnuvtþTaMgGs;Kña bnÞab;mkeFVIkar qøúHbBa©aMgedIm,IeGayyl;c,as;faTRmg;enHGaceRbI)anTaMgGs;KñaeCosvagkarRsBicRsBilkñúgkarRbmUlB½t’man.

2>6 karerobcMsikçasalaCamYyGñkBak;B½n§ kñúgkarGnuvtþn_KeRmag vaTamTareGaymankarcUlrYmdwgB¤ nigKaMRTBIGñkBak;B½n§epSg² dUcCa RKU

beRgon kariyal½yGb;rM smaCikRkumRbwkSaXuM nigemPUmi. CaBiess GñkTaMgenaHcUlrYmkñúgkarRtYtBinitü nigCYyCMruj[karGnuvtþn_KeRmagenH)anRbesIr. emeronnigbTBiesaFn_TTYl)ankñúgkarerobcMsikçasalaCamYyGñk Bak;B½n§mandUcxageRkam³

- GñkBak;B½n§sMxan;KWnayksala RKUbeRgon dUecñHebIGeBa¢IjRKUbeRgoncUlrYmeGay)aneRcInKWCa karl¥ BIeRBaHBYkKat;Gacdwg)aneRcInBIKeRmag gayRsYlkñúgkarshkar nigKaMRTKeRmagenH.

9

- sikçasalaRtUveFVIeGay)aneTogTat; CaBiessenAeBlcab;epþImGnuvtþKeRmagdMbUg. - sikçasalaeFVIeLIgedIm,IeGayelaknayksala elakRKU GñkRKU mankarykcitþTukdak;enAkñúg

karCYytamdannUvkarsikSarbs;kumareKaledA nigedIm,Ipþl;»kas[BYkKat;bgðajBIkarsikSa rbs;kumareKaledARBmTaMgeyabl;Eklm¥mYycMnYndl;GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ nigGñk bNþúHbNþalenAtammUldæan edIm,ICaKMnitkñúgkarEklm¥KeRmageGaykan;EtRbesIreLIg.

2>7 karerobcMRbCuMeBjGgÁfñak;PUmi edImI,eFVIkarpSBVpSayeGay)andwgB¤TUlMTUlayenAkñúgPUmiTak;TgnwgkarGnuvtþn_KeRmagbkSIPñMrIkray

KeRmag)anerobcMkarRbCuMeBjGgÁenAkñúgPUmiedaymankarGeBa¢IjcUlrYmBIRKYsarepSg²eTotenAkñúgPUmi RbFanPUmi nigcas;RBwT§acarü. RbCuMeBjGgÁfñak;PUmiRtUv)anerobcMeLIg edIm,IeGayGñkPUmiTUeTA)andwgfa KeRmagbkSIPñMrIkraynwgGnuvtþenAkñúgPUmirbs;BYkKat; manmUlehtunigeKalbMNgGVIxøH skmμPaBEdl KeRmagRtUveFVInwgmanGVIxøH nigedIm,IeGayGaCJaFrcUlrYmCYyKaMRT nigCMrujbEnßmcMeBaHkarGnuvtþn_rbs; RKYsarRkIRk. elIsBIenHeTAeTot karbgðajBIlkçN³vinicä½yénkareRCIserIsRKYsarRkIRkrbs;KeRmag eFVIeGayGñkPUmiTUeTA)anyl;dwgc,as;BIRbePTRKYsarEdlRtUveRCIserIs.

KeRmagerobcMRbCuMeBjGgÁfñak;PUmi 2 dg kñúgmYyqñaM ehIykarerobcMenAelIkTI 2 KWedIm,IbgðajBI bERmbRmYlCIvPaBrbs;RKYsarRkIRkmun nigeRkayshkarCamYYyKeRmagbkSIPñMrIkray EdlkarbgðajenH KWeFVIeLIgedayRKYsarRkIRkpÞal;.

2>8 karsnÞnaCabuKÁlmYyTl;nwgmYyCamYyRKYsarRkIRk

bnÞab;BI)aneFVIkarcuHepÞógpÞat;RKYsarRkIRkrYcehIy karsnÞnaCabuKÁlmYyTl;nwgmYyRtUv)aneFVIeLIg edIm,IEsVgyl;[)ansIuCMerABIB½t’manTUeTATak;TgnwgRKYsarRkIRk skþanuBlEdlRKYsarRkIRkman k¾dUcCa karlM)akEdl)annigkMBugCYbRbTH edIm,IEsVgrknUvvIFIsaRsþya:gNaeGayRKYsarRkIRkGacCMnHnUvbBaða karlM)akTaMgenaH nigEklm¥CIvPaBeGay)anRbesIreLIg. karsnÞnaCabuKÁlmanplRbeyaCn_CYy[ RKYsarRkIRk sÁal;xøÜnÉgkan;Etc,as; edaysarKat;)aneFVIkarqøúHbBa©aMgeLIgvijBICIvitrbs;Kat;.

karsnÞnaCabuKÁlmYyTl;nwgmYyeFVIeGaybuKÁlikKeRmagTTYl)anB½t’maneRcIn nigmanKMnitkñúgkar eFVIkargarCamYyRKYsarRkIRk. mann½yfa buKÁlikGacyl;BIb¤sKl;énPaBRkIRk. karsnÞnaCabuKÁl mYyTl;nwgmYyKYrRtUv)aneFVIeLIgeGay)anjwkjab; ehIyvak¾Ca»kasedIm,I[GñkbNþúHbNþalman TMnak;TMngl¥¥CamYynwgRKYsarRkIRkpgEdr.

10

2>9 karKUs Sketch map bøg;lMenAdæanrbs;RKYsarRkIRk GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_Bnül;dl;RKYsarRkIRk eGayeFVIkarKUsrUbbøg;dIlMenAdæanedayKUsrUbPaB

bøg;lMenAdæan 1 qñaMbnÞab;/ 2 qñaMbnÞab; nig 3 qñaMbnÞab;BIshkarCamYyKeRmag. karKUsrUbPaB dUecñHeFVIeLIgkñúgeKalbMNg[RKYsarRkIRkeFVIkarkMNt;nUvGVIEdlKat;cg;sMerceGay)anenAtamqñaMnImYy². dUecñH RKYsarRkIRknwgmanrUbPaBEdlKat;R)afñacg;)anenAeBlGnaKt nigviFIsaRsþRtUveFVIya:gNa edIm,I[ sMerckarR)afñacg;)anenaH. RKYsarRkIRkPaKeRcIn)ankMNt;rUbPaBenAkñúgbøg;dIlMenAdæanrbs;Kat; mansYn bEnø karciBa©wm man;dak;RTug karsnSMCIkMb:usþ_EdlmanerobcMRTug)anRtwmRtUv.

2>10 karbNþúHbNþalBRgwgsmtßPaB

2>10>1 karbNþúHbNþalGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ vKÁbNþúHbNþalGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_KWeFVIeLIgCaerogral;Ex EdlerobcMedayGñkbNþúH

bNþaltammUldæan. bEnßmBIkarbNþúHbNþalRbcaMEx enAerogral; 3 ExmþgKeRmag)anerobcMvKÁ bNþúHbNþalBiesssRmab;GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_bEnßmeTot. CaTUeTA RbFanbTcMeBaHkarbNþúH bNþalEckecjCa ³

- bec©keTsksikmμtameKalkarN_FmμCati dUcCa RbB½n§RbBlvb,kmμdMNaMRsUvtameKal karN_FmμCati ¬b>v>s¦ bec©keTsdaMbEnø bec©keTsciBa©wmman;tameKalkarN_Fm μCati karTak;TajRtIFmμCati eFVICIkMb:usþ_ karEklm¥KuNPaBdI karerobcMksidæanBhuRbeyaCn_.

rUbft 1³ GñksRmbsRmYl shKmn_eFVIkarsnÞnaCa buKÁlCamYyRKYsarRkIRk eKaledAenAextþtaEkv

11

- CMnajkñúgkarGnuvtþn_KeRmag mandUcCa ³ CMnajkñúgkarsRmbsRmYl rebobsresr r)aykarN_ karerobcMEpnkar rebobeFVIkarCamYyRKYsarRkIRk viFIsaRsþkñúgkarcgRkg RkumCaedIm. karBRgwgsmtßPaBelIcMeNHdwgTUeTABiessRbFanbTTak;TgnwgsgÁm³ karviPaKBIb¤sKl;EdlnaMeGaymanPaBRkIRkeFVIeGaykumarmin)ancUleron.

karBRgwgelIbec©keTs edIm,IeGaymanPaBgayRsYl KYrpþl;»kaseGayGñksRmbsRmYl shKmn_enaHeFVIkarbgðajKñaeTAvijeTAmk. dUecñHBMuRtwmEtBRgwgnUvbec©keTsrvagKñanwgKñaenaHeT b:uEnþ EfmTaMgBRgwgnUvCMnajkñúgkarsRmbsRmYlEfmeTotpg.

2>10>2 karbNþúHbNþalemdwknaMRkumRkIRk RKYsarRkIRkRtUv)ancgRkgCaRkumeRkamkarsRmbsRmYlBIGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ Edl

RkumnImYy²mansmaCikCamFümcMnYnBI 5 eTA 12 nak;kñúgmYyPUmi²edIm,IgayRsYlkñúgkarRKb;RKg k¾dUcCaedIm,IeFVIkarsnSMR)ak;rYmKñaedayGacx©IvijkñúgGRtakarR)ak;TabRbmaN 2° kñúgmYyEx. enA kñúgRkumRkIRknImYy²maneRCIerIsRbFanRkum edIm,IgayRsYlkñúgkarRKb;RKg nigmanEcgbTbBa¢a épÞkñúgrbs;RkumpgEdr. CamFüm RKYsarRkIRkeFVIkarsnSMluycab;BI 300 erol eTA 500 erolkñúg mYyEx.

CaTUeTA KeRmag)anerobcMeFVIkarbNþúHbNþalemdwknaMRkumRkIRkCaGnþrPUmikñúgry³eBl 3 ExmþgedIm,IBRgwgsmtßPaBbEnßmelIbec©keTsksikm μ edIm,IeGayKat;køayCaGñkKMrUdl;smaCik RkIRkepSg²eToteGayGnuvtþtam. bEnßmBIenH k¾mankarBRgwgsmtßPaBelIkarRKb;RKgRkum dUcCa karkt;RtabBa¢IsñamepSg²enAkñúgRkumTak;TgnwgkarsnSMR)ak; kareFVI\NTan x©I sg .l.

2>10>3 karbNþúHbNþalRkumRkIRk RKYsarRkIRkTaMgGs;enAtamPUmieKaledAnImYy²TTYlkarbNþúHbNþalCaRkumkñúgmYyExmþg

EdleFVIeLIgedayGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_. GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_eFVIkarbNþúHbNþalbnþ dl;RKYsarRkIRknUvGVIEdlKat;)aneronBIGñkbNþúHbNþaltammUldæan. viFIsaRsþbNþúHbNþalRKYsar RkIRkenAtamPUmiKWmankarxusEbøkbnþicRtg;fa³

- karbNþúHbNþalRtUveFVIeLIgenAtampÞHrbs;RKYsarRkIRk edaypøas;bþÚrBIpÞHmYyeTApÞH mYyCaerogral;Ex. CaBiesskarerobcMenApÞHRKYsarRkIRkNaEdlGnuvtþbec©keTsfμ I )anl¥ edIm,IeGayRKYsarepSgeToteronsURtnigGnuvtþtam.

12

- pþl;»kas nigelIkTwkcitþdl;ksikreGaymankarEckrMElkbTBiesaFn_cMeNHdwgBIKña eTAvijeTAmkeGay)aneRcIn.

- PaKeRcInénkarGñkcUlrYmCaRsþI ehIymanGñkminecHGkSreRcIn dUecñHkarbNþúH bNþaleRcInKUsrUbPaB b¤eRbI]bkrN_rUbPaBedIm,IeFVIkarBnül;.

- CaTUeTAkarbNþúHbNþalKWeFVIeLIgkñúgry³eBl 1 éf¶ dUecñHenAeBlRBwk GñksRmb sRmYlshKmn_eRcIneFVIkarbNþúHbNþal CECkBiPakSaKñaTak;TgnwgemeronCaRTwsþI b:uEnþenAeBléf¶eRcIneFVIkardwknaMGñkcUlrYmeGayGnuvtþn_Cak;Esþg edIm,IpSarP¢ab;nwg RTwsþIEdl)aneFVIkarbNþúHbNþaleTAnwgkarGnuvtþn_. karGnuvtþn_eFVI[RKYsarRkIRkbMput gayRsYlyl;nigcgcaM.

2>10>4 karbNþúHbNþalRkumkumareKaledA RkumkumareKaledA TTYlkarbNþúHbNþalmYyExmþgEdleFVIkarbNþúHbNþal edayGñk

sRmbsRmYlshKmn_edIm,ItamdanPaBrIkcMerInkñúgkarsikSa nigCYydas;etOnbEnßmeGayeTAeron eGayeTogTat; nigbegáInkarxMRbwgERbgeronsURteGay)anlT§pll¥. RbFanbTcMeBaHkarbNþúH bNþalRkumkumareKaledArYmman³

- plRbeyaCn_énkarsikSa - karminecHGkSrpþl;karlM)akGVIxøHkñúgkarrs;enA - GñkEdlecHGkSr nigGñkminecHGkSrxusKñaya:gdUcemþcEdr - karkMNt;GnaKt etIGñkcg;eFVIGVIenAeBlGnaKt. - viFIsaRsþedIm,I[seRmceKalbMNg - Gnam½y nigkarEfrkSasuxPaB sIlFm’ nigkumarEdll¥manlkçN³dUcemþc

2>10>5 karerobcMTsSnkic©sikSa KeRmagk¾)anerobcM[manTsSnkic©sikSa sRmab;ksikrRkIRk sRmab;GñksRmbsRmYl

shKmn_ edayEckCaBIrRbePTepSgKñaKWTsSnkic©sikSakñúgtMbn; nigTsSnkic©sikSaeRkAtMbn;. viFIsaRsþenHmanRbsiT§iPaBkñúgkarCMruj nigelIkTwkcitþkñúgkarTTYlyknUvKMnitfμ I bec©keTsfμ IeTA Gnuvtþ. dMeNIrkarkñúgkarerobcMTsSnkic©sikSarYmman ³

- karbgðajBIRbvtþiénkarerobcMkarGnuvtþn_bec©keTs karerobcMksidæanBIedImmk - karbgðajlm¥itBIbec©keTsEdlRtUvsikSaeronsURt

13

- sMNYr-cMelIy eTAm©as;ksidæan b¤GñkEdlmanbTBiesaFn_ - TsSnakarGnuvtþn_bec©keTs enAksidæanpÞal; - qøúHbBa©aMg bUksrubBIlT§plénkarTsSnkic© - erobcMEpnkarEdlRtUvGnuvtþenAeBlRtLb;eTAvij - cMNab;Garm μN_ nigkarebþCaJcitþrbs;GñkmkTsSnkic©sikSa

2>10>6 karKaMRTfvika nigsmÖar³dl;RkumRkIRk

edIm,IcUlrYmcMENk[RKYsarRkIRkmanlT§PaBkñúgkarcab;epþImGnuvtþKMnitfμ I KeRmag)ankMNt;pþl;nUv Tuncab;epþImdl;RKYsarRkIRkTaMgenaHEdlmanbgðaj dUcxageRkam ³

- TunvinieyaKelIkarcab;epþImGnuvtþbec©keTsf μ I cMnYn 80>000 erolkñúgmYyRKYsar. - karpÁt;pÁg;es,ógGahar ¬Ggár¦ dl;RKYsarRkIRkenAtMNak;kal 3 ExdMbUgénkarcab;epþIm

Gnuvtþ KeRmagcMnYn 144>000 erol. - KaMRTdl;kumareKaledAeTAelIsmÖar³sikSa dUcCasMelokbMBak; esovePA b‘íc edaymñak;²TTYl

)ankar]btßmÖBIKeRmagcMnYn 28>000 erol. CaviFIsaRsþ edIm,IkuMeGaykar]btßmÖ TaMgenHmanlkçN³Casb,úrsFm’ KWKeRmagpþl;eGayEtRKYsar

RkIRkNaEdl)anGnuvtþbec©keTsksikmμ)anlT§pll¥Etb:ueNÑaH edayELkcMeBaHRKYsarNaEdlmin)an Gnuvtþbec©keTsksikmμ)anl¥eTKWminmankarpþl;eT. xageRkamenHKWCadMeNIrkarénkarpþl;kar]btßmÖ dl;sikrRkIRk ³

- RKYsarRkIRkerobcMEpnkarplitkmμrbs;xøÜneRkamkarsRmbsRmYlBIGñksRmbsRmYl shKmn_ RbcaMenAtamPUmirbs;xøÜn.

- eFVIkarbgðaj nigkarBarEpnkarrbs;xøÜnenAeBlRbCuMeBjGgÁRbcaMExnImYy² edayman karcUlrYmBI smaCikRkumepSgeTot.

- GñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ nigGñkbNþúHbNþaltammUldæan eFVIkarRtYtBinitüeTAelIlT§plén karGnuvtþn_EpnkarenaH. kar]btßmÖnwgRtUv)anpþl;eGaybeNþIr²eTAtamlT§plrbs;RKYsar RkIRkEdlsMerc)an.

14

dMeNIrkar nigskmμPaBKaMRTdl;RkumGñkRkIRk

karpSBVpSay KeRmag

sikçasalaCamYy GñkBak;B½n§ RbCMueBjGgÁenAtamPUmi

kareFIVcMNat;fñak; RTBüFn

BiPakSaRkumCamYyKN³ kmμaFikarsmaKm nigRbFanPUmi

cuHepÞógpÞat;tam®KYsar

karBRgwgsmtßPaBsmaCikRkum

karbegáItRkum

smahrNkmμenA eRkamq½RtsmaKmksikr

clnasnSMR)ak;kñúgRkum

begáItTsSn³vis½yRkum begáItbTbBa¢aRkum

eRCIserIsGñkdwknaMRkum

TsSnkic©sikSa

naMksikr[sñak;enA eronsURtCamYyksikrepSg² BRgwgtMNagRkumCaGn þr

PUmi

bN þúHbN þalCaRkum ral;Ex

III- sßanPaBRKYsar nigkumareKaledAeRkayeBlGnuvtþKeRmag 3>1 bERmbRmYlR)ak;cMNUlBIkargarksikmμ

RKYsareKaledA)anGnuvtþbec©keTsciBa©wmman; kardaMbEnø k¾dUcCakarsnSMCIkMb:usþ_)aneRcInCageKkñúg cMeNambec©keTsEdl)anpSBVpSayedayKeRmag. CamFüm RKYsareKaledAnImYy²mankarekIneLIgnUv R)ak;cMNUlBImuxrbrksikm μ CamFümesμ Inwg 248>400 erol b¤esμ Inwg 59° edayekIneLIgBI 421>000 erol¼qñaM enAmunkarGnuvtþn_KeRmag eTA 669>400 erol¼qaMñ bnÞab;BIshkarCamYYyKeRmag. PaKeRcInén cMNUlksikm μEdlmankarekIneLIgeRcInKW)anmkBIkarlk;man; RtI nigbEnø.

3>2 bERmbRmYlR)ak;cMNUlBIkargareRkAksikmμ ³

kareFVIkargareRkAksikmμ eRcIneFVIeLIgenArdUvR)aMg bnÞab;BIkargarERscMkarehIy. smaCikRKYsarxøH eFVIcMNakRsukeTAeFVIkarenAxageRkAPUmi nigxøHeToteFVIkarenAkñúgPUmi. RbmaN 94°énRKYsarRkIRk)anRbkb muxrbrepSg²eRkAksikm μ. CaFm μta mansmaCik 1 eTA 2 nak;kñúgmYyRKYsarFVIkarcMNakRsuk ehIyk¾Gac manRKYsarxøHeFVIcMNakRsukTaMgbþInigRbBn§ edayTukkUneGayenACamYy«BukmþayCYyEfrkSa. elIsBIenHeTA eTot RsþIemma:y EdlmankUneBjkMlaMgk¾)aneGaykUncMNakRsukedIm,IrkkargareFVIpgEdr.

R)ak;cMNUlBImuxrbreRkAksikm μ k¾mankarekIneLIgpgEdr. CaTUeTAKWGacekIneLIgBI 747>800 erol kñúg 1 qñaM enAeBlcab;epþImKeRmageTAdl; 871700 erol¼qñaM enAeBleRkayBI GnþraKmn_rbs;KeRmag b¤eyIgGacniyay)anfa karekIneLIgnUvR)ak;cMNUlBImuxrbreRkAksikm μman kMeNIn 16/57° ebIeFobeTA nwgmuneBlcab;epþImGnuvtþKeRmag. karekIneLIgenHmancMnYntictYc ebIeRbobeFobeTAnwgkarekIneLIgnUvcMNUl BImuxrbrksikmμ. enHbBa¢ak;fa RKYsareKaledA)anbegáInkarykcitþTukdak;kan;EteRcInEfmeToteTAelImuxrbr

rUbft 2³ ksikreKaledAenAextþ sVayerogRbmUlplés<sRmab;lk;

16

ksikmμ. bEnßmBIenH eyIgsegáteXIjRKYsar eKaledAPaKeRcInmankarEbgEckkMlaMgBlkmμ)anl¥RbesIr CagBImun. CaTUeTA bþIPaKeRcIneTAeFVImuxrbreRkAksikmμ ¬cMNakRsukenArdUvR)aMg¦ b¤ÉRbBn§eRcIneFVImux rbrksikm μenAÉpÞHkñúgPUmi. dUecñH CasrubR)ak;cMNUlTaMgkñúgnigeRkAksikm μrbs;RKYsarRkIRk)anekInBI 1>168>800 erol¼qñaM eTA 1>541>100 erol¼qñaM b¤esμ InwgGRtakMeNIn 31/85°.

3>3 bERmbRmYlkarcMNay Cakarkt;sMKal; eyIgeXIjfakarcMNayeTAelIsuxPaBrbs;RKYsarRkIRk mankarfycuHCagBImun bEnßmBIenHkarcMNayeTAelIGgár nigmðÚbGahark¾mankarfycuHEdr. enHbBa¢ak;[eXIj faRKYsarRkIRk)anegáIn nUvlT§PaBplites,ógsMrab;hUbcukenAkñúgRKYsar. pÞúymkvij eyIgsegáteXIjkarcMNayelIsmÖar³ ksikmμmankarekIneLIg edaysarKat;)ancMNayfvikakñúgkarvinieyaKelIkargardaMduH nigciBa©wmstVrbs;Kat; dUcCa TijRKab;BUCbEnø BUCman; RCUk CaedIm. CamFüm Kat;cMNay 845800 erol b:uEnþbc©úb,nñKat;cMNayEt 748800 erol dUecñHkarcMNaymankarfycuHcMnYn 12/50 PaKry.

3>4 bERmbRmYlcMeBaHkarsikSarrbs;kumareKaledA sßanPaBkarGb;rMrbs;kumareKaledAmuneBlGnuvtþKeRmagKWeTAeronmin)aneTogTat; niglT§plénkar

sikSak¾minTTYl)anlT§plRbesIrEdr. CamFüm kumareKaledAmin)aneTAeroneTogTat; edayQb;kñúg 1 Ex RbmaNBI 5 eTA 7 éf¶.

b:uEnþeRkayBImanGnþraKmn_rbs;KeRmag eyIgeXIjfa kumareKaledAeTAeron)aneTogTat;nigTTYl)an lT§pll¥BIkarsikSarbs;BYkeK edaysarmankarCYybNþúHbNþalBIGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ «Bukmþay rbs;kumarmankarPJak;rlwk nigCYyCRmujkarsikSarbs;kUn KYbpSMnwgkarykcitþTukdak;rbs;elakRKU-GñkRKUpg Edr. tamry³karRbmUlB½t’manBIelakRKU-GñkRKU enAtamsalaeron eyIgTTYl)annUvB½t’mandUcxageRkam.

taragTI 1 ³ cMnYnGvtþmanRbcaMExrbs;kumareKaledA

cMnYnkumar eKaledAsrub

minEdlQb; eronesaHkñúg1 Ex

GvtþmanBI 1-3 éf¶¼Ex

GvtþmanBI 3-5éf¶¼Ex

GvtþmanBI 5-7 éf¶¼Ex

GvtþmanBI 7-10 éf¶¼Ex

604 221 325 29 20 9

eyIgeXIjfamankumareKaledAcMnYn 36/59° EdleTAeronminEdlQb;esaH nigman 53/81° min )aneTAeroncenøaHBI 1-3éf¶kñúgmYyEx. tYelxenH bgðajBIPaBERbRbYlkñúgkarsikSarbs;kumareKaledAeday

17

PaKeRcInBImunmin)aneTAeroncMnYnRbmaN 5-7 éf¶kñúgmYyEx b:uEnþ\LÚvenH kumareTAeron)aneTogTat; EdlQb;ya:geRcInRtwm 3 éf¶kñúgmYyEx. karmin)aneTAeronrbs;kumarenHKWedaysarEtmanCm¶W nigeBlxøH elakRKU-GñkRKUGvtþmanEdr.

taragTI 2 ³ cMNat;fñak;RbcaMExrbs;kumareKaledA

cMnYnkumar eKaledAsrub

cMNat;fñak;énkarsikSa1-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40

604 112 140 87 62 62 77 49 15

eRkayBIkarGnuvtþn_KeRmag eyIgeXIjfakumareKaledA)aneTAsalaeron)aneTogTat; nig mancMNat;fñak;l¥BIkarsikSarbs;xøÜn EdlbBa¢ak;BIKuNPaBénkarsikSa)anRbesIr. elIsBIenHeTAeTot «Bukmþaymankaryl;dwgnig[témøeTAelIkarsikSarbs;kUn. dUecñH BYkKat;xitxMbegáInR)ak;cMNUledIm,I bBa¢ÚnkUneTAeron[)aneTogTat; begáInkarshkarl¥CamYyelakRKU-GñkRKU nigkarCYyCMrujBIsmaKm ksikr. tamry³cMNat;fñak;xagelIenH eyIgGaceFVIkarsnñidæan)anfa kumarRkIRkk¾manskþanuBl nig smtßPaBkñúgkareronsURt)anKuNPaBl¥ b:uEnþGVIEdlsMxan;enaHkarbgár»kas[BYkeKTTYl)annUvesvakmμ Gb;rMenH. Cajwkjy KMnitmYycMnYn)anelIkeLIgfa kumarkñúgRKYsarRkIRkminGaceronsURtecHdwg b¤min mansmtßPaBRKb;RKan;kúñgkareronsURtenaHeT b:uEnþtamry³taragxagelIvabgðaj[eXIjfa kumarkñúg RKYsarRkIRkk¾GaceronsURtRbkbedayKuNPaBpgEdr RbsinebIBYkeKman»kasTTYl)annUvkarGb;rMRtwm RtUvdUckumard¾éTeTotEdlmanCIvPaBRbesIr. pÞúymkvij mUlehtuEdleFVI[kumarTTYl)annUvKuNPaB sikSaTabenaHKWedaysarEtCIvPaBRKYsarRkIRk EdlminGacbgárlkçxNÐ[BYkeKGaceronsURt)anl¥. Cak;Esþg BYkeKRtUvcMNakRsukCamYy«Bukmþay sIuQñÜllk;kmøaMgBlkmμ RtUvenAemIlpÞH CaedIm. dUecñH cMNucsMxan;KWkarKaMRTedIm,I[RKYsar[manCIvPaBRbesIreLIg EdlCaktþaCRmujeFVI[kumarkñúgRKYsarRkIRk TaMgenaHGaceTAeron)aneTogTat; nigmanmanKuNPaBsikSal¥.

pÞúymkvij ebIsinCaRKYsarRkIRkTaMgenaHenAEtbnþrs;enAkñúglkçxNÐCIvPaBEbbenH vaeFVIeGay kumarRkIRk)at;bg;nUvkareRbIR)as;skþanuBlrbs;xøÜnkñúgkarsikSa k¾dUcCaeFVI[)at;bg;nUvFnFanmnusS sRmab;RbeTsCatiTaMgmUlpgEdr. bEnßmBIenH vaeFVI[manKMlatxøaMg cMeBaHkarTTYl)annUvkarsikSa rvagkumarEdlrs;enAkñúgRKYsarEdlmanCIvPaBRbesIr nigkumarRkIRk. mann½yfa GñkmanecHEtmaneTA ehIyGñkRkecHEtRkeTA edaysarGñkmaneKGacbBa¢ÚnkUnrbs;eKeTAeron)anx<s; b:uEnþGñkRkminman

18

lT§PaBbBa¢ÚnkUneTAeron b¤eTAeron)aneTogTat; EdleFVI[kumarRkIRkEdlmanskþanuBlTaMgenaH)at;bg; nUvkar»kassikSarbs;xøÜn.

3>5 karTTYl)annUv»kas nigesvakmμsgÁmepSg² tamry³karshkarN_CamYyKeRmag RKYsarRkIRkTaMgGs;manlT§PaB nigTTYl)annUvesvakm μ

sgÁmmYycMnYndUcxageRkam ³ - )ancgRkgKñaCaRkum nigmanbNþajBIPUmimYyeTAPUmimYyeRkamkarsRmbsRmYlBIsmaKmksikr

EdlmankarsamKÁIKñal¥ edIm,IbMerIplRbeyaCn_rYmKña nigCYybMeBjtRmUvkarBIKñaeTAvijeTAmk. Cak;Esþg RKYsarRkIRkTaMgenaH)aneFVIkarsnSMR)ak;rYmKñaedIm,IbMerIesvakm μ\NTankñúgkarvinieyaK elIkargarksikmμ nigmuxrbrepSg²eTot. CarYm RKYsarRkIRkmankarPJak;rlwkcMeBaHkarsnSMR)ak; edIm,IvinieyaKelImuxrbrRbkedayRbsiT§iPaB.

- mankarykcitþTukdak;BIGaCJaFrmUldæanPUmi-XuM nigGñkBak;B½n§epSg²eTot. Ca]TahrN_ RbFan PUmi)anCYyCRmujkarGnuvtþn_KMnitf μ IeTARKYsarRkIRk elakRKU-GñkRKU begáInkarykcitþTukdak;elI karsikSarbs;kumarBIRKYsarRkIRk.

- TTYlnUvesvakm μbNþúHbNþalnUvcMeNHdwgbec©keTsksikmμtameKalkarN_FmμCati EdleFVI[BYk Kat;GacbegáInnUvplitPaBksikm μ k¾dUcCabegáInnUvR)ak;cMNUl[RbesIrCagmun. karTTYl)annUv cMeNHdwgTaMgenaHtamry³karbNþúHbNþal TsSnkic©sikSaepSg². bEnßmBIenHKWCa»kasEdleFVI eGayKat;mankarPJak;rlwkeRcIncMeBaHkarsikSarbs;kUn.

- mankarEkERbcitþKMnit \riyabT nigmuxmat;f μI edaysar)anEklm¥nUvCMnajkñúgkarTMnak;TMng karcUlrYmenAkñúgkarBiPakSa b¤cUlrYmRbCuMepSg²EdlminenAÉekadUcBImun.

19

IV- karviPaKBIemeron nigbTBiesaFn_TTYl)an 1> cMNucEdlGnuvtþ)anl¥

- karerobcMsikçasalasþIBIRbFanbT karGPivDÆn_ nigmnusSFm’ eFVIeGayGñkcUlrYm)anyl;dwgkan; Etc,as;BIPaBxusKñarvagcMNucTaMgBIrenH CaBiessbNþúHKMnitkuM[mankarepþkpþÜl b¤caMEtBwg GaRs½yelIGñkd¾éT pÞúymkvij vaeFVI[GñkcUlrYmkan;EtmanPaBeCOCak;elIxøÜnÉg nigmankar ebþCaJcitþx<s;Cagmun.

- karsnÞnaCabuKÁlmYyTl;nwgmYyCamYyRKYsareKaledAKWCaviFIsaRsþd¾l¥ EdleFVI[eyIg)andwgBI ktþa b¤mUlehtuEdlnaM[manPaBRkIRk TTYlB½t’manEdlmanGtßRbeyaCn_sRmab;CaKMnitkñúgkar erobcMviFIsaRsþ eFVIkargarCamYyRKYsarRkIRk RtUveFVIya:gNaedIm,Ikat;b¤sKl;énPaBRkIRk. Eday ELk cMeBaHRKYsarRkIRk karsnÞnaCabuKÁlmYyTl;nwgmYyCYy[Kat;GaceFVIkarqøúHbBa©aMgeLIgvijBI dMeNIrCIvitrbs;Kat; GVICaTegVIl¥ nigGVICakMhusqÁgEdlKat;)anGnuvtþknøgmk. mYyvijeTot va)an CYy[RKYsarRkIRkecHRkeLkemIlFnFanEdlKat;man nigecHeFVIEpnkarGPivDÆn_RKYsaredaycab; epþImBIGVIEdlKat;man.

- kar]btßmÖFnsRmab;cab;epþImkargarksikm μ minRtUvmancMnYneRcIneT BIeRBaHcMnYnkan;EteRcInvaeFVI [ksikrkan;EtmanPaBGaRs½yeRcInEdr. KeRmagKYrpþl;Tuncab;epþImcMeBaHRKYsareKaledANa mYyEdlmanCMh nigEpnkarc,as;las;Etb:ueNÑaH. bEnßmBIenH vakan;Etl¥EfmeTot RbsinebI KeRmagpþl;TunCasmÖar³ dUcCa pþl;CaRKab;BUCbEnø CaedIm.

- PaKeRcInénRKYsarRkIRkminecHGkSr eBleFVIkarbNþúHbNþaldl;RKYsarRkIRk buKÁlikKeRmagKYr eRbIR)as;]bkrN_rUbPaB edIm,I[Kat;gayRsYlyl;. CaBiesseTAeTot kareFVIbgðajb¤kar Gnuvtþn_Cak;EsþgKWCaviFIsaRsþbNþúHbNþalmYyEdlsmRsbbMput. bEnßmBIenH karcuHCYbpþl; eyabl;CabuKÁlRtUveFVI[)aneTogTat; BIeRBaHvaCaktþaCRmujTwkcitþ[RKYsareKaledARbwgERbg Gnuvtþ.

- edIm,I[KRmag)anTTYllT§pleCaKC½y KeRmagKYrRtUv)anGnuvtþenAkñúgPUmi EdlmansmaKm ksikrrwgmaM BIeRBaHsmaKmTaMgenaHnwgmanFnFanmnusSl¥ manPaBCaKMrU nigmanPaBbiunRbsb; kñúgkarsRmbsRmYl kargarCamYyRKYsarRkIRk ecHshkarCamYyelakRKU-GñkRKUtamsalaeron BiesseTAeTot RkumRkIRk GaceFVIsmahrnþkmμenAeRkamq½RtsmaKmenAeBlEdlKeRmagbBa©b; EdlenHKWCacMNucFananUvnirnþPaBrbs;RkumeKaledA edaysarsmaKmksikrnwgbnþsRmb sRmYlRKb;RKgelIkargarenHbnþeTot. pÞúymkvij ebIsinCaKeRmagenHRtUv)anGnuvtþenAkñúgPUmi

20

EdlKμansmaKmksikr KeRmagKYrEtmanry³eBl 3 qñaM edIm,I[maneBlevlaRKb;RKan;sRmab; begáItnigBRgwgsmaKm[manesßrPaB. smaKmPUminImYy²Gaccg RkgCabNþajCamYysmaKm ksikrenAPUmiepSg²eTotenAkñúgtMbn; edIm,I[kan;EtmannirnþPaBrwgmaM.

2> cMNucEdlGnuvtþminTan;)anl¥ - kareRCIserIsGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_BMumansmtßPaBl¥RKb;RKan; kñúgkarCYyKaMRTdl;RKYsar

eKaledA. GñksRmbsRmYlmYycMnYnBMumanPaBCaKMrUdl;eK ehIyBMuskm μkñúgkarGnuvtþn_kargar EfmeTot.

- kareRCIserIsRKYsareKaledABMuTan;RtUvtamlkçN³vinicä½y100PaKryenAeLIy. - RbB½n§RtYtBinitü nigvaytMélRKYsareKaledA nigGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_ BMuTan;erobcM)anl¥ nig

BMu)anGnuvtþ)aneTogTat;. - karpþl;Tuncab;epþImdl;RKYsareKaledABMuTan;)anerobcMCakic©snüac,as;las;enAeLIy.

3> cMNucEdlBMuKYreFVIbnþ nigcMNucEdlKYreFVIbEnßm 3>1>cMNucEdlBMuKYreFVIbnþ

- kareRCIserIsRKYsareKaledAEdlBMumankMlaMgBlkmμkñúgRKYsarBMuGacFana)annUvPaBeCaKC½ykñúg karGnuvtþKMeragenaHeT. KMerag)anCYyCaTuncab;epþImdl;RKYsareKaledAedIm,IeGayRKYsarTaMgenaH RbkbnUvrbrciBa©wmCIvittamry³ksikmμkþI nigeRkAksikm μ dUecñHRbsinebIRKYsareKaledABMuman kMlaMgBlkmμenaHRKYsarBMuGacrkR)ak;cMNUl)aneT TnÞwmnwgenHk_MBMumanlT§PaBeGaykUneTAsikSa enaHEdr.

- karsMrbsMrYlRKYsareKaledAedayeRbIBaküsMdIBMusmrmüdUcCa³ karsþIbenÞasenAeBlRKYsarBMu GnuvtþtamEpnkarN_Edl)anRBmeRBógKña kartμiHetHedolksikr kareRbIb¤kBarBMusmrmüCaedIm eFVIeGayRKYsareKaledAmankar)ak;Twkcitþ nigRbtikmμy:agxøaMg ehIyCalT§plRKYsarTaMgenaHnwg Qb;shkarN_CamYynwgKMerag.

- karpþl;Ggárdl;RKYsareKaledA BMuKYrbnþeTotenaHeTenAeBlGnuvtþKMeragEbbenHteTot. karpþl; GgárnaMeGayRKYsareKaledAmanPaBepþkpþÜleRcInelIKMerag.

3>2>cMNucEdlKYreFVIbnþ nigbEnßm - karerobcMeGaymanRkumsnSMR)ak;kñúgcMeNamRKYsareKaledA CaviFIsa®sþmYyl¥EdlCYyTak;Taj

eGayRKYsareKaledAcUlrYmRbCMueTogTat;. tammry³enH vaCH\T§iBlmYycMnYndUcCa³ RKYsar

21

eKaledAcUlrYmRbCMueTogTat; Gacx©IR)ak;BIRkumedIm,IeFVITunvinieyaKkñúgkarcab;epþImeFVIrbrksikmμ nigeRkAksikmμ kat;bnßyGRtakarR)ak;hUrecjeRkARkum begáIncMNgsamKÁIPaBkñúgcMeNamRKYsar eKaledA BRgwgKñaeTAvijeTAmktamry³karEckrMElknUvbTBiesaFn_kñúgkargarksikm μ CMnYjxñat tUc nigkarykcitþTukdak;eTAelIkarGb;rMkUnecACaedIm.l.

- karcuHRtYtBinitü nigvaytMélelIRKYsareKaledACab;CaRbcaM y:agehacNas;erobral;3ExmþgBI buKÁlikKeRmag b¤m©as;CMnYy edaymankareRbIR)as;nUvsnÞsSn_vas;Evgd_Cak;lak; CaviFIsa®sþmYy RbkbedayRbsiT§PaBEdlGacCYyCMrujnig elIkTwkcitþdl;RKYsareKaledAeGayxitxMGnuvtþtam GVI Edl)anBiPakSaeBlRbCMu.

- kareRCIserIsGñksRmbsRmYlshKmn_mUldæanmñak; b¤BIrnak;eGayedIrtYnaTIsMxan;kñúgkarsRmb sRmYledaypÞal;elIRKYsareKaledA TaMgkarEckrMElknUvbTBiesaFn_rbrciBa©wmCIvit karGb;rMkUn ecA nigkarRtYtBinitüelIbMErbMrYlRkumeKaledA CaviFisa®sþmYyd_manRbsiT§iPaBEdlnaMmknUvPaB eCaKC½yrbs;KMerag.

- kareRCIserIsGñksMrbsMrYlelIkarGb;rMkUnekμgkñúgPUmiCaviFIsa®sþmYyEdleyIgKYreFVIbEnßmeTotenA eBlbnþkarGnuvtþKMeragelIkeRkay. eFVIdUecñHedIm,IeGayGñksMrbsMrYlmaneBlevlasmRsbkñúg kareRbIR)as;nUvyuT§sa®sþviFIsa®sþRbkbedayPabbiunRbsB nigBMuRtwmEtGb;rMekμgkñúgRKYsareKal edAenaHeT EfmTaMgekμgkñúgPUmiTUeTApgEdr.

- karCYbCMuCaRbcaMedIm,IBRgwgsmtßPaBdl;GñksMrbsMrYlshKmn_eGaymansmtßPaBEpñkbec©k eTsksikmμ karsMrbsMrYlRbCMu bNþúHbNþal CMnajbBa©úHbBa©Úl RbwkSaeyabl; nigPaBCaKMrU eFVI eGaymankarCH\T§iBldl;bMErbMrYlRKYsareKaledAy:ageRcInKYrCaTIeBjcitþ.

- karpþl;nUvTuncab;epþImxøHdl;RKYsareKaledAedIm,ICacMNuccab;epþImkñúgrbrrkR)ak;cMNUlCacMNuc mYysMxan;EdlminRtwmEtTak;TajeGayRKYsareKaledAshkarN_CamYyKMeragenAcMnuccab;epþIm enaHeT EfmTaMgCaRbPBedImTunsMxan;kñúgkarBRgIkmuxrbrEfmeTot.

- snÞsSn_vas;EvgBIbMErbMrYlRKYsareKaledAKYrEtRtuveFVIeGay)aneTogTat;CaRbcaMerogral;RtImas EdlkñúgenaHrYmman rUbftbøg;PUmirbs;RKYsareKaledA KMnUsEpnTIPUmi taragRtYtBinitüelIbMErbMrYl skmμPaBksikmμrbs; nigkarsikSarbs;kumar.

22

4> karviPaKBIbTBiesaFn_eFVIkarkñúgPUmiEdlmansmaKm nigPUmiEdlKμansmaKm

PUmiEdlmansmaKm PUmiEdlKμansmaKm- gayRsYlrkGñksRmbsRmYlEdlman

eTBekaslüTaMgkarsRmbsRmYlbBa©úHbBa©ÚlelIk Twkcitþ PaBCaKMrU bTBiesaFn_kargarksikmμ nigEfmTaMg mankardak;citþdak;kaynwgkargar.

- snÞúHénkarGnuvtþbec©keTsksikmμelOn nig RKYsareKaledAmankarbMErbMrYlCIvPaBeRcIn.

- mansmaKmksikrEdlmansmaCikeRcIn CYyRtYtBinitü vaytMél nigCYyCRmujbEnßm.

- eBlKeRmagbBa©b;RKYsareKaledAcUlCasmaCik smaKmksikr.

- Bi)akkñúgkarEsVgrkEsVgrkGñksRmbsRmYl shKmn_RbkbedayeTBekaslü.

- snÞúHénkarGnuvtn_þbec©keTsksikmμ nigbERmbRmYl R)ak;cMNUlyWt edaysarGñksRmbsRmYlEdlRtUv eFVICaKMrUeKcab;epþImGnuvtþskmμPaBdMNalKñaCamYy nwgRKYsareKaledA.

- BMumanGñkCYyCMrujeRkABIGñksRmbsRmYlkñúgPUmi mñak; b¤BIrnak;.

- eBlKMeragcb;RKYsareKaledARtUvcgRkgCa smaKmksikr b:uEnþkñúgkrNIxøHeBlKMeragcb;BMu Tan;Gac cgRkgRKYsareKaledACasmaKm ksikr)aneTRKan; EtCaRkumsnSMR)ak;.

V- snñidæan tamry³lT§plénkarGnuvtþn_KeRmagenHeyIgeXIjfa karsikSarbs;kumarRkIRk)anRbesIreLIg dUcCa

BYkeK eTAeronsURt)aneTogTat; nigTTYl)anKuNPaBl¥BIkarsikSa. bEnßmBIenH eyIgGaceFVIkarsnñidæan )anfa KeRmag)ancUlrYmcMENkkñúgkarbegáInkaryl;dwgrbs;RKYsarRkIRk sþIGMBIGtßRbeyaCn_énkarsikSa rbs;kumar CaBiessenaHKWkarelIktemáInkRmitCIvPaBRKYsarrbs;BYkeKeGay)anRbesIreLIg EdlCaktþaKnøwH kñúgkarFana[karsikSarbs;kumarmannirnþPaBBitR)akd. bEnßmBIenH KeRmag)ancUlrYmcMENkeFVI[mankar pøas;bþÚr \riyabTmYycMnYncMeBaHksikrRkIRk dUcCa ecHviPaKnigerobcMEpnkarRKYsar smaCikRKYsarecHCYy KñanigshkarKña)anl¥RbesIrCagmun/ begáInnUvkarPJak;rlwkkúñgkarsnSMR)ak;rYmKñanigecHvinieyaKelImuxrbr bEnßmBIenHk¾manPaBkøahannigkar[témø rab;GaneRcInBIGñkPUmipgEdr. TnÞwmnwgenH smaKmksikrk¾man »kaseday)anedIrtYnaTIsMxan;kñúgkarGPivDÆn_ PUmi-XuM pgEdr.

pÞúymkvij ebIsinCaKeRmagbkSIPñMrIkrayminRtUv)anGnuvtþeTenaH kumarRkIRkTaMgGs;enaHKWBitCamin GaceFVIkar Eklm¥KuNPaBsikSarbs;xøÜn[)anRbesIreLIg CaBiessKWminGacman»kasTTYlkarGb;rMdUecñHeT BIeRBaH CIvPaBRKYsarrbs;BYkeKenAEtbnþrs;enAkñúgPUmiRkIRk KYbpSMnwg«Bukmþayminyl;dwgEvgq¶ayBIGtß RbeyaCn_énkarsikSarbs;kumarpgenaH kumarTaMgenaHnwgRtUvlk;kmøaMgBlkmμ sIuQñÜleK RtUvenAcaMpÞH b¤eTA

23

tam«Bukmþay EdlcMNakRsukeTArksIuenAq¶ayBIPUmi.l. b:uEnþeTaHbICaya:gNak¾eday tamry³lT§pl énkarsikSarbs;kumarkñúgkarGnuvtþn_KeRmagenH eyIgGacsniñdæan)anfa kumarRkIRkmansmtßPaBsikSa)anl¥ RbesIr RbsinebIBYkeKman»kas)ansikSaeronsURtc,as;las;. skþanuBlrbs;BYkeKKWminxusBIkumard¾éT eTotEdlrs;enAkñúgRKYsarEdlmanCIvPaBRbesIrenaHeT. dUecñH ktþasMxan;enaHKWkarbgálkçxNÐGMeNaypl dl;kareronsURtrbs;BYkeK dUcCa RKYsarmansuPmgÁl nigmanCIvPaBsmrmüEdlGacmanlT§PaBpÁg;pÁg; dl;karsikSarbs;BYkeK)an CaBiessKWkarCRmujnigelIkTwkcitþBI«BukmþaypgEdr.

VI- Gnusasn_ - RtUvykcitþTukdak;elIkarshkarCamYyelakRKU-GñkRKUenAtamsalaeroneGay)anditdl;edIm,ItamdanBI

PaBrIkcMerInénkarsikSarbs;kumareKaledA BIeRBaHvaCaktþasMxan;EdlCYy[kumareTAeron)aneTogTat;nig )anlT§pll¥BIkarsikSarbs;BYkeK.

- eRCIserIsRKYsarEdlmankMlaMgBlkmμRKb;RKan;edIm,IgayRsYlkñúgkarGnuvtþn_KMnitfμ I edIm,IeFVI[mankarsayPayelOn.

- eFVIya:gNaERbkøayRkumRKYsareKaledA[eTACaRkumplitplitplksikmμsRmab;pÁt;pÁg;plitmkTIpSar EdleFVI[Kat;kan;EtxitxMRbwgplit kat;bnßycMNakRsuk CaedIm.

- karpþl;TunvinieyaK¬Tuncab;epþImdMbUg¦[)anTan;eBlevla nigRtUveFVIeLIgenAkñúgqñaMTI 1 énkarGnuvtþn_ KeRmag edIm,I[RKYsareKaledAGacGnuvtþKMnitfμ I)anTan;eBlevla nigbuKÁlikmaneBlevlaRKb;RKan; CRmujkarGnuvtþn_bec©keTs.

- eFVIkarCRmujdl;RKYsareKaledA[snSMluyCaRkum CaBiesseFVIkarelIkTwkcitþ[smaCikRkumeFVIkarsnSM tamman edIm,IbegáInTunpþl;esvakmμ\NTan BRgIkmuxrbrksikmμ nigCMnYjepSg². karbegáItRkumsnSMeFVI [RKYsarRkIRkGacTTYl)annUvesva\NTanEdlsmRsb manGRtakarR)ak;Tab edaybNþúH[mankar GaRs½yelIxøÜnÉg nigPaBCam©as;elIkarsnSMenaH.

- BRgwgsmtßPaBemdwknaMRkumRkIRk elIkargarRKb;RKg dUcCa CMnajkñúgkarsRmbsRmYl karkt;RtabBa¢I sñamTak;TgnwgkarsnSMnigkm©I nigPaBCaKMrUkñúgkarGnuvtþn_KMnitfμ I. TnÞwmKñaenH KeRmagKYreFVIkarbNþúH bNþalBRgwgsmtßPaBdl;KN³kmμaFikarsmaKmksikr[yl;dwg nigmanCMnajkñúgkareFVIkarCamYy RKYsarRkIRkbMput.