Enhanced sequencing and merging operations

• Objective: to redistribute tasks related tosequencing (e.g. in-trail) and merging oftraffic between controllers and flight crews.

• Benefits:– Controller availability by reorganisation

and streamlining of tasks– More regular spacing based on actual

separation minima and thus an increase in capacity– Increased flight crew awareness of traffic and anticipation of

ATC instructions • Implementation considerations

– New instructions will require specific functions on board aircraft related to HMI and automation

– Only pair-wise equipage required but maximum benefits from all equipped

Enhanced sequencing and merging operations – spacing instructions

XYZ123235 ↓ 40

XYZ456250 ↓ 41

s

remain merge

XYZ123235 ↓ 40

sWPT

XYZ456250 ↓ 41

heading then remain heading then merge

XYZ123235 ↓ 40

XYZ456250 ↓ 41

WPT

s

XYZ123235 ↓ 40

XYZ456250 - 41

s

s

Enhanced sequencing and merging operations – heading then merge

• Controller

– Designates target “XYZ456, select target 1234”

– Gives initial heading, waypoint and desired spacing“XYZ456, heading 270 then behind target merge INKAK 8 miles behind”

• Navigation

– Target direct INKAK (no turning point)

– Ownship on heading then direct INKAK (not on target trail)

• Air-air surveillance

– Target position and speed (no intent required)

• Pilot

– Identifies target“XYZ456, target 1234 identified, 8 o’clock, 30 miles”

– Resumes when spacing obtained then, adjusts speed to maintain spacing

1234 XYZ456

INKAK

8Nm

Heading then merge instructionground & air views

INKAK

ABITA

ALESO

ALOGA

ALURA

AMB

AMOGA

AMORO

ANARU

AOSTA

ARDEN

ARPUS

ARSIL

ATN

AVLON

AX

BAGOL

BALSI

BAMES

BANKO

BARAK

BASUD

BAXIR

BEGAR

BEGEL

BELUS

BENIP

BERAP

BIBOT

BLM

BODON

BOLLYBONET

BRY

BSN

BT

BUBLI

BUDON

BULOL

BUSIL

CACHI

CDN

CERVI

CHABY

CHW

CIV

CLM

CMB

CMF

COLLO

CTL

DANBO

DELOX

DIDOR

DIJ

DIMAL

DOPIN

DORDI

DPE

EPL

EPR

ETAMP

ETREK

FIJAC

GALBI

GELTA

GEMRA

GERBI

GIMER

GIPNO

GIRKU

GORTU

GTQ

GUEREGVA

HOC

HR

IXILU

KASON

KATIL

KELUK

KENAP

KOPOR

KORVI

KOTUN

LAGIL

LASAT

LASON

LAULY

LESPI

LGL

LIRKO

LISMO

LOGNI

LORTA

LSA

LUL

LUPEN

LUREN

LUSAR

LUVAL

MADOT

MANAG

MAROL

MEDOX

MEL

MELEE

MELKO

MENOX

MILPA

MOLUS

MOPIL

MOROK

MOTAL

MOU

MTD

MURRO

NEBUL

NEV

NIPOR

NITAR

NITEN

NURMO

OBORN

OKRIX

OL

ONZON

OPALE

ORVEN

OSKIN

PAS

PENDU

PGS

PILON

POGOL

PON

PTV

PUNSA

RANUX

RAPOR

RBT

REKLA

REM

RESPO

RIGNI

RLP

ROAROLAV

ROMIL

ROMTA

ROTSI

ROUSY

ROVIN

RUSIT

SAUNI

SOMTU

SONAT

SOSAL

SOTOR

SPR

STR

SUIPE

SUSIN

TALUN

TARIM

TDP

TELBO

TINIL

TIRSO

TOLPA

TORPA

TRO

TSU

TUNOR

TUROM

USIMI

UTELA

VADEM

VADOM

VAMDA

VANAS

VATRI

VEDUS

VELER

VERDI

VERIX

VERMA

VEULE

VIRIE

XERAM

FAG26

FAO26

PO703 PO705

PO706

LFPG

LFPO

INIRFW

INIOFW

AR2

AO1FE

AO2

AR1FE

LFPO

LFPG

Overall:• Four measured sectors• Dense and “generic” airspace (Paris South-East arrivals)• All traffic equipped• Use of spacing instructions at controller’s discretion

Independent variables:• Level of traffic (high, very high)• Sector configuration (converging point)• Use of airborne spacing (with, without)

Enhanced sequencing and mergingCoSpace experiments

ATN

DIJ

MEL

OKRIX

SUSIN

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

EACAC111201A15-60

ATN

DIJ

MEL

OKRIX

SUSIN

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

EACAC101201B15-60

Very high trafficWithout airborne spacing

Very high trafficWith airborne spacing

CoSpace - Spatial mapping of instructions

In-trail procedure in oceanic airspace

• Objective: to allow in-trail ADS-B equipped aircraft in non-radar oceanic airspace, which may not be longitudinally separated from each other, to climb or descend through each other’s flight levels.

• Benefits:– Improved utilisation of the North Atlantic

oceanic airspace by facilitating a higher

rate of flight level changes yielding better

flight efficiency (e.g. fuel savings,

avoiding turbulent flight levels)

• Implementation considerations– Safety studies needed to determine spacing value

In-trail procedure in oceanic airspace

Track Alpha - FL 320

Procedural SeparationNOT Satisfied Procedural Separation NOT Satisfied

Aircraft CAircraft B

. Track Alpha - FL 310

Aircraft A

ITP

CL

IMB

OF

AIR

CR

AF

T

Track Alpha - FL 330

Aircraft EAircraft D

Procedural Separation Satisfied Procedural Separation Satisfied

Enhanced crossing and passing operations

• Objective: to provide controller with new set of instructions to solve conflicts e.g. directing flight crews to cross or pass designated traffic aircraft while maintaining a given spacing value.

• Benefits:– Increased controller availability through

reorganisation and streamlining of tasks– Increased flight crew awareness of traffic

and anticipation of ATC instructions

• Implementation considerations– New instructions will require specific

functions on board aircraft related toHMI and automation

– Only pair-wise equipage required butmaximum benefits from all equipped

Resume climb“Level instruction, until clear of target then resume climb to FLx”

DLH456290 - 46

8 Nm

AFR123310 - 45

DLH456290 ↑ 46

Resume navigation - crossing“Heading instruction, until clear of target then resume to WPT”

DLH456310 - 46

AFR123310 - 45

WPT

D ≥ 8 Nm

Resume navigation - passing“Offset instruction, until clear of target then resume to WPT”

DLH456310 - 46

AFR123310 - 35

8 Nm

WPT

Pass above / below“Above target, pass above, climb FLx”

DLH456290 - 46

AFR123310 - 45

DLH456330 ↑ 46

D ≥ 8 Nm

Pass behind“Behind target, pass behind then resume to WPT”

DLH456310 - 46

AFR123310 - 45

WPT

8 Nm

Overtake“To the left/right overtake target then resume to WPT”

DLH456310 - 46

AFR123310 - 35

8 Nm

WPT

Enhanced crossing and passinginstructions

‘Package II (2012-2020)’

• Enhanced ground surveillance / airborne surveillance applications from package Ie.g. ‘Package I applications that prove too complex

• ADS-B as a sole means of surveillance in high density airspace

• Airborne separation applications (i.e. Principles for the use of ASAS (PO-ASAS) category III applications)

• Airborne self-separation applications(i.e. PO-ASAS category IV applications)in low-density airspace

‘Package III (>2020)’

• Enhanced ground surveillance / airborne surveillance applications from previous packages

• Airborne self-separation applications (i.e. PO-ASAS category IV applications) in

medium/high-density

airspace

Layer 5

Layer 4

Layer 3

Layer 2

Layer 1

High traffic density route network and ASAS?

Example research idea –

3D route structure based on layers of parallel tracks at 45°

Average route length ~5% longer than direct

Europe?