enhanced european coordination for accelerator research &...
TRANSCRIPT
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CERN-ACC-SLIDES-2016-0005
EuCARD-2Enhanced European Coordination for Accelerator Research & Development
Presentation
RadiaBeam Technologies - CompanyOverview
Rosenzweig, J. (UCLA) et al
17 November 2014
The EuCARD-2 Enhanced European Coordination for Accelerator Research &Development project is co-funded by the partners and the European Commission under
Capacities 7th Framework Programme, Grant Agreement 312453.
This work is part of EuCARD-2 Work Package 5: Extreme Beams (XBEAM).
The electronic version of this EuCARD-2 Publication is available via the EuCARD-2 web site<http://eucard2.web.cern.ch/> or on the CERN Document Server at the following URL:
<http://cds.cern.ch/search?p=CERN-ACC-SLIDES-2016-0005>
CERN-ACC-SLIDES-2016-0005
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Alex MurokhVice President and Chief Technology Officer
RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC
Company Overview
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Company Background
RadiaBeam Technologies was founded in 2004, a spin-off from UCLA Particle Beam Physics Laboratory
Initial business idea was to develop a Radiatron, a high duty cycle FFAG betatron, for industrial applications.
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Classic Betatron
Developed in 1940 by Donald Kerst (U of Illinois) Induction acceleration A the right injection phase e-beam orbit is
contained by changing dipole field Shaped poles provide weak focusing (stable orbit)
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Classic Betatron
Betatrons became dominant technology through 40s and 50s
Major research effort at MURA Industrial radiography and
radiotherapy (Allis-Chalmers)
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Low duty cycle Low repetition rate Replaced by linacs in 60s Fixed-Field Alternating
Gradient (FFAG) Small radiography
market
MURA 50 MeV FFAG betatron
Classic Betatron
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Radiatron
Technological advances enabling rethink of a classical betatron:o Introduction of novel, low cycling loss magnetic materials
(i.e. finemet), allowing r.r. over 10 kHzo Surge in computational capabilities to model FFAG latticeo Development of IGBT power switching electronics
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Radiatron vs. Linac
6 MeV classic betatron, linac and Radiatron:
r.r. ~ 100 HzDuty cycle ~ 1%Peak current ~ 10 µAE-beam power ~ 1 WDose ~ 3 cGy/min-m
r.r. ~ 100 HzDuty cycle ~ 0.1÷0.3%Peak current ~ 0.03÷1.0 AE-beam power ~ 0.2÷20 kWDose ~ 0.01÷1 kGy/min-m
r.r. ~ 10 kHzDuty cycle ~ 20%Peak current ~ 15 mAE-beam power ~ 20 kW Dose ~ 1 kGy/min-m
no RF componentsless expensive > 10 kWHigh duty cycle
Replaced betatrons for most applications (competition from Rhodotron above 100 kW)
Still in use in a low dose security applications
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Radiatron Development
DOE SBIR grant to develop a prototype system (6 MeV, 10-20 kW average power)
2004-2005: beam dynamics design/engineering 2006-2007: prototype construction
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Radiatron Development
2007: ran out of $$ the biggest unresolved technical challenge was
FFAG magnets and extraction IBA s.a. became interested in Radiatron
o Offered access to IBA codes to study extractiono Funded magnets redesign (no success)
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Products
2009: IBA funding ran out, Radiatron development had to stop
Fortunately since foundation we tried to develop and sell other products (longitudinal and beam profile diagnostics, magnets, RF structures).
SBIR Program also offered multiple new opportunities (products/R&D – positive feedback)
1st product sold (2004): THz interferometer for bunch length measurements (licensed from U. of Georgia); delivered to INFN
2nd product sold (2005): quadrupole triplet for low energy beamline; delivered to Accuray
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Longitudinal Diagnostics
Spectral measurements are often done with THz interferometer
RadiaBeam licensed an interferometer design from Uwe Happek (U-Georgia)
Sold > 10 units, including complete systems
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Real Time Interferometer Single shot interferometer (DOE SBIR, 2008-2011)
Thangaraj et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 043302 (2012)
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X-band deflecting cavity X-band deflector (DOE SBIR grant 2007-2012)
o Enables ~ 10 fs longitudinal resolution o Delivered completed structure to BNL ATF
Provided a major boost to RF capabilities
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Beam Profile Diagnostics
Scintillating screen are the most useful diagnostics At higher beam densities OTR and wire scanner more
accurate The best approach is to have multiple diagnostics
available
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IBIS-I
Integrated beam imaging system (IBIS-I) Single position easily replaceable diagnostics, and
optical module (attached by kinematic mount) Market failure (developed in 2005, sold 8 units,
discontinued in 2009)
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IBIS-2 (multi-position)
Multi-position pneumatic actuator system Up to 4 diagnostics at the same port Modular system with multiple add-ons Lunched in 2010, sold ~ 70 systems
(large orders, i.e. 20 identical units)
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New Developments COTR discovery introduced a new range of
problems for transverse diagnostics at X-FELs Wire-scanners work well, but multi-shot Developed Cherenkov single-shot “wire scanner”
based on fiber mesh (DOE SBIR 2010)
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New Developments Dielectric Laser Accelerators, although in infancy,
require sub-micron diagnostic resolution Developed reflective DUV OTR diagnostics Initial tests indicated 0.5 µm resolution
e-beam
To CCD
sliding stage
YAG:Ce
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Present Status
In 2012 recorded ~ $7 million in revenue, of which about 30% are product sales
Currently over 40 employees, including 8 PhD scientists
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Facilities
Machine shop (clean and regular)
Assembly area Magnetic
measurements
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Facilities
Hot cell Clean room Chemical processing RF test area Laser lab
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Capabilities Mechanical
engineering CAD Programming Prototyping Production
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Capabilities (RF)
RF design and engineering
Production and RF surface processing
Cell sorting, brazing, tuning, etc.
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Capabilities (Magnets)
Magnetic design and engineering
Coil winding/ QA Magnetic testing EMs and PMs
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Research Products Diagnostics Transverse Longitudinal Charge, emittance, etc.
RF structures RF photoinjectors Linacs, deflectors
Magnetic systems Electromagnets Permanent magnets Systems (chicanes, final focus, etc.)
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Production Capabilities
Prototyping and small scale production
Testing, shipping, installation, support
Turn key systems
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Industrial systems Entered into industrial accelerators market in 2012 Sold two turn-key linac systems Potential area of growth, but very competitive Very cost-sensitive non-expert customers
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Customers
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Business Development
RadiaBeam Technologies (founded in 2004)
RadiaBeam Systems (2010 – industrial accelerators)
RadiaBeam Europe (2013 –EU subsidiary)
RadiaSoft (2013 –software development)
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Funding agencies
#1 customer is US funding agencies about $3M/year in SBIR funding R&D to develop new products and
technical solutions
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Epilogue 2014: received a DOE grant to adapt Radiatron for
nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) application For NRF high duty cycle is the key advantage Redesign in progress Hopefully we’ll get it to work this time
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Back up slides
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RF Structures Layer-by-layer Manufacturing (copper) Solid free form fabrication enables internal
features (i.e. cooling) without additional brazing steps
Developed process for copper to achieve full density
SFF cathode has been tested at 70 MV/m at UCLA
Photo-injector half cell fabrication is in progress
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RF Structures Layer-by-layer Manufacturing (niobium) There are multiple applications towards superconducting
RF cavities, couplers, HOM dampers, etc. Started developing SFF process for niobium
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CNT Carbon Nanotube Cathodes capable of producing
good current density with low thermal emittance Measured 300 mA field emission current (limited by
beam loading)
EPD cathode before and after HV
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Nano-patterned cathode DOE STTR with UCLA (P. Musumeci) Periodic nano-scaled surface patterns (metallic
cathodes with enhanced surface plasmon resonance, improve multiphoton emission)
3000 times QE enhancement
R. Li et al., PRL 110, 074801 (2013)
1.25 1.50 1.751.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
Y(m
)
X(m)
0.010000.27250.53500.79751.0601.3231.5851.8472.110
<0.01
Laser spot
125 um x 125 um
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Laser Wire Scanner Ongoing experiment at Cornell ERL Components (laser source, optical transport and
transducer, interaction chamber and X-ray detection system)
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Attoscope Enhancement to RF deflector Laser/e-beam interaction Sub-fs resolution
G. Andonian et al., PR STAB 14, 072802 (2011)
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Short period undulator Textured Dy has saturation inductance > 3 T (below
90°K) Combination of PrFeB magnets and Tx Dy pole may
lead to an ultra short period undulator (~ 7-9 mm), while maintaining normalized field strength, K~1
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IOTA Collaboration with Fermilab to develop novel
magnetic lattice for storage rings 2 m device is split into 20 magnets (prototype in
fabrication)
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UED Ultra Fast Electron Diffraction: Compromise
between Conventional and Relativistic UED systems
Possibility of performing the same type physics of current UED systems but cheaper and more compact (no fs-laser required)
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ICS
Inverse Compton Scattering (ICS) gamma ray source High spectral brightness, directionality, tunability With the laser re-circulation, 1013 photons/s is
feasible Conducted a pilot experiment at ATF-BNL
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THz Source Design and build a prototype of a dedicated THz
source delivering over 10 W out-coupled power form periodic corrugated radiator
E-beam spectral structure is formed by alpha magnet rather than photocathode (high average power)
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DLA DARPA funded project (RBT-UCLA-Stanford-PSU-
BNL) Room size hard X-ray Free Electron Laser Based on 5 µm driven dielectric laser accelerator
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RF structures Designed, fabricated, and tested in-house L, S, C and X-band / multiple types
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Cargo Screening ARCIS (Adaptive Rail Cargo Inspection System) Novel proprietary detection scheme to enable
100% detection at 45 km/h train speed, and at lower dose.
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Longitudinal Diagnostics
Spectral analysis of coherent radiative processes allows to monitor longitudinal beam profile on a sub-picosecond time scale
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