ENGR101© Copyright, 2005, TAMU

ENGR 101

Prof. Maria A. Barrufet

Petroleum Engineering

Renewable Energy - SolarRenewable Energy - Solar

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What is Solar Energy?

• Originates with the thermonuclear fusion reactions occurring in the sun.

• Represents the entire electromagnetic radiation (visible light, infrared, ultraviolet, x-rays, and radio waves).

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Solar Radiation and the Seasons

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Optimizing Tilt for Different Seasons

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Energy Sources in USA

• Renewable 6%– Solar 1% – Wind 2%

• Share of total energy (0.18% of total use)

http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelrenewable.html (accessed Nov, 2006)

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Uses for Solar Energy

• Thermal– Residential thermal heating (low

temperature)– Solar thermal engines (steam

turbine)• Photovoltaics

– Residential applications– Power plants

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http://www.solartwin.com/STApplet/STApplet.htm

Pumped Solar Water Heater

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Rooftop Solar Water Heaters

8

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Rating Solar Potential

Areas with ratinggreater than 5 have higher potential for energy generation using concentrated solar power

http://www.nrel.gov/csp/maps.html(accessed, February 2006)

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Solar Cell Technologies and Efficiencies

11

40%

30%

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CIGS Solar Cell

12

CIGS = Copper-Indium-Galleride-Selenium

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Cadmium Telluride Thin Film

13

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Thin Film Solar Cells

14

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PV Production

15

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 20040.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

Pow

er (

GW

p)

Year

Rest of the world USA Europe Japan

0.0002 TWy

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Multijunction Concentrator

16

40.7% conversion efficiency

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Thermal Solar Plant – Seville, Spain

17

http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/mar2007/2007-03-30-02.asp

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Honda Solar Car

18

Darwin to Adelaide winner

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Honda Solar Car

19

Darwin to Adelaide winner

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Solar Architecture Examples

Canada – Center for Sustainable Living http://www.iea-pvps.org/cases/can_01.htm

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Solar Architecture Examples

Austria - Institute for Marketing

ENGR101© Copyright, 2005, TAMU

The TeamThe Team

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Home Solar PV Installation

23

http://solarguard.solarcity.com/kiosk/Data.aspx?Mode=Kiosk&GroupID=3&SubgroupID=0&Scroll=1&AutoDemo=0&Timeout=90&RangeType=Day&ChartHour=0&ClientID=524

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Solar Cells Uses

• Landscaping• Solar shingles• Agriculture

– Livestock watering– Electric fencing– Water pumping– Crop Irrigation– Drying

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Solar Gadgets

• Solar powered calculators, scales, landscaping, mosquito repellent, bird feeders

ttp://www.homesolarpoweredsystems.com/solardevices/solar_general.htm