english verb tenses_adjective order

8/18/2019 English Verb Tenses_Adjective Order

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ish Tenses

://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/tenses[13.04.2016 23:03:34]

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› Cram Up › Grammar › Tenses

Table of Engl ish Tenses

tense Affirmative/Negative/Question Use Signal Words

Simple

Present

A: He speaks.

N: He does not speak.

Q: Does he speak?

action in the present taking place once,

never or several

times

facts

actions taking place

one after another

action set by a

timetable or

schedule

always,

every …,

never,

normally,

often, seldom

sometimes,

usually

if sentences

type I (If I

talk, …)

Present

Progressive

A: He is speaking.

N: He is not speaking.

Q: Is he speaking?

action taking place

in the moment of

speaking

action taking place

only for a limited

period of time

action arranged for

the future

at the momen

just, just now,

Listen!, Look!

now, right now

Simple Past A: He spoke.

N: He did not speak.

Q: Did he speak?

action in the past

taking place once,

never or several

times


one after another

action taking place in

the middle of

yesterday, 2

minutes ago,

1990, the othe

day, last Frida

if sentence

type II (If I

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4/13

ish Tenses


another action talked, …)

Past

Progressive

A: He was speaking.

N: He was not speaking.

Q: Was he speaking?

action going on at a

certain time in the

past


at the same time

action in the past

that is interrupted by another action

when, while,

as long as

Present

Perfect

Simple

A: He has spoken.

N: He has not spoken.

Q: Has he spoken?

putting emphasis on

the result

action that is still

going on

action that stopped

recently

finished action that

has an influence on the present

action that has taken

place once, never or

several times before

the moment of

speaking

already, ever,

just, never, no

yet, so far, till

now, up to no

Present

Perfect

Progressive

A: He has been speaking.

N: He has not been speaking.

Q: Has he been speaking?

putting emphasis on

the course or

duration (not the

result)

action that recently

stopped or is still

going on

finished action that

influenced the

present

all day, for 4

years, since

1993, how long?, the

whole week

Past Perfect

Simple

A: He had spoken.

N: He had not spoken.

Q: Had he spoken?

action taking place

before a certain time

in the past

sometimes

interchangeable

with past perfect

progressive

putting emphasis

only on the fact (not

the duration)

already, just,

never, not yet

once, until tha

day

if sentence

type III (If I ha

talked, …)

Past Perfect A: He had been speaking. action taking place

before a certain time

for, since, the

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5/13

ish Tenses


Progressive N: He had not been

speaking.

Q: Had he been speaking?

in the past

sometimes

interchangeable

with past perfect

simple

putting emphasis on

the duration or

course of an action

whole day, all

day

Future I

Simple

A: He will speak.

N: He will not speak.

Q: Will he speak?

action in the future

that cannot be

influenced

spontaneous

decision

assumption with

regard to the future

in a year,

next …,

tomorrow

If-Satz Typ I (

you ask her,

she will help

you.)

assumption: I

think, probabl

perhaps

Future I

Simple

(going to)

A: He is going to speak.

N: He is not going to speak.

Q: Is he going to speak?

decision made for

the future

conclusion with

regard to the future

in one year,

next week,

tomorrow

Future I

Progressive

A: He will be speaking.

N: He will not be speaking.

Q: Will he be speaking?

action that is going

on at a certain time in the future

action that is sure to

happen in the near

future

in one year,

next week,

tomorrow

Future II

Simple

A: He will have spoken.

N: He will not have spoken.

Q: Will he have spoken?

action that will be

finished at a certain

time in the future

by Monday, in

a week

Future II Progressive

A: He will have been speaking.

N: He will not have been

speaking.

Q: Will he have been

speaking?

action taking place before a certain time

in the future

putting emphasis on

the course of an

action

for …, the las couple of

hours, all day

long

Conditional

I Simple

A: He would speak.

N: He would not speak.

action that might

take place

if sentences

type II

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6/13

ish Tenses


Contact About us…

Q: Would he speak? (If I were you,

would go

home.)

Conditional

I

Progressive

A: He would be speaking.

N: He would not be speaking.

Q: Would he be speaking?

action that might

take place

putting emphasis on

the course / duration of the

action

Conditional

II Simple

A: He would have spoken.

N: He would not have

spoken.

Q: Would he have spoken?

action that might

have taken place in

the past

if sentences

type III

(If I had seen

that, I would

have helped.

Conditional

II

Progressive

A: He would have been

speaking.

N: He would not have been

speaking.

Q: Would he have been

speaking?

action that might have taken place in

the past

puts emphasis on

the course /

duration of the

action

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7/13

Table of English TensesSimple tenses

THE PAST THE PRESENT THE FUTURESignal words last ... / ... ago. / .. in 1990 / yesterday

Signal words every day - sometimes – always - often -usually seldom- never first ... then

Signal words Tomorrow, the day after tomorrow,tonight, soon, next week/year…,

in a week/month…, in two/threedays/weeks…

Use action took place in the past, mostly

connected with an expression of time(no connection to the present)-Complete actions in the past

-Past habits

Use -something happens repeatedly

-how often something happens-one action follows another

-things in general after the following verbs

(to love, to hate, to think, etc.)future meaning: timetables, programmes

Use

-predictions about the future

(you think that sth. will happen)-you decide to do sth. spontaneously atthe time of speaking, you haven't mad

a decision before-main clause in type I of the if clauses

Form Base form + -ed (regular) Irregular: 2nd columnI worked / did / went I didn't work / do / go Did I work/ do / go?

Form Base form / he/she/it + -sI do/go / I don't do/go / Do I do/go?He does/ goes / He doesn't do/goDoes he do/go?

Form

will + base formI will work / do / go I won’t work / do / go

will I work/ do / go?

EXAMPLES

I did my homework last night

EXAMPLES

I do my homework every night

EXAMPLES

I will do the homework after school.

Signal words While, when, as,

all morning/evening…

Signal words Now, at the moment, at present, these days,

still, nowadays, today, tonight… (except forfuture use)

Look! Listen!

Signal words This time next week/year/month… and

other time expressions with futurereference

Use -an action happened in the middle ofanother action

-someone was doing sth. at a certain time(in the past) - you do not know whether it

was finished or not-Simultaneous past actions

Use -something is happening at the same time ofspeaking or around it

-future meaning: when you have alreadydecided and arranged to do it (a fixed plan,date)

Use -An action will be in progress at a certaitime in the future.

-This action has begun before the certaitime.

- An action which will definitely happen ithe future as the result of a routine orarrangement.

FormS+ was/were +base form + -ingHe was doing / They were doing

He wasn't doing / They weren't doing

Was he doing? / Were they doing?

FormS+ (am/are/is) + base form + -ingI am doingHe is doing / They are doing

He isn't doing / They aren't doing

Is he doing? / Are they doing?

Formwill + be + base form + ingI'll be doing / He'll be doingI won’t be doing / He won’t be doinWill I be doing?Will he be doing?

EXAMPLES I was doing my homework when my

friend Isabel arrived.

EXAMPLES Sorry, I am doing my homework at the

moment. I’ll call you back!

EXAMPLES

At 5 PM I will be doing my homework.

Perfect tensesTHE PAST THE PRESENT THE FUTURE

Signal words Before, after, already, just, for, since, till,until, when, by, by the time, never

Signal words For, since, already, yet, always, just, ever,never, so far, today, this week/month…,

how long, lately, recently

Signal words

Before, by, by then, by the time, until, t

Use

-mostly when two actions in a story arerelated to each other: the action which

had already happened is put into PastPerfect, the other action into Simple Past-the past of the Present Perfect

Use -You say that sth. has happened or i s finished

in the past and it has a connection to thepresent

-Action started in the past and continues up tothe present

-An action that has recently finished

Use -sth. will already have happened before

certain time in the future-For an action which will be finished befo

a stated future time.

Formhad + past participle*

*(base form + -ed) or (irregular verbs)I had worked /done – I hadn’t done

Had Iworked?

Formhave/has + past participle**(base form + -ed) or (irregular verbs)I have worked /done – I haven’t doneHave I done? – She has done

Formwill + have + past participle**(base form + -ed) or (irregular verbs)I'll have worked /done – I won’t havedone – Will I have done?

EXAMPLES When my friend came, I had already done my homework.

EXAMPLES Look! I have done my homework. Here it is!

EXAMPLES I will have done my homework by 8o’clock

Signal wordsAlready, just, never,For, since, how long,before, until

Signal wordsall day,for, since, how long, lately, recently, allmorning/year…, the whole day

Signal words*This tense is not used very muchby, by then, by the time, for

Use how long something had been happeningbefore something else happened

Use -action began in the past and has just stopped-how long the action has been happening

-emphasis: length of time of an action

Use -sth. will already have happened before certain time in the future

-emphasis: length of time of an actiFormhad + been + base form + ingI had been doing – I hadn’t been doing - Had I been doing?

Formhave/has + been + base form + -ingI have been doing – I haven’t been doingHave I been doing? – She has been doing

Formwill + have + been+ base form + in

EXAMPLES I had been waiting for half an hour

h h i d

EXAMPLES I’ ve been doing homework all day and it istill t fi i h d

EXAMPLES I will have been doing homework for

h b th ti f i d


8/13

of Adjectives - Rules & Examples | Ginger

www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/adjectives/order-of-adjectives/[13.04.2016 23:08:03]

Grammar Rules

Adjectives

Forming

adjectives

Denominal

adjectives

Comparing

adjectives

Compound

adjectives

Order of

adjectives

Lists of adjectives

Examples of

adjectives

Adjective

exercises

Verbs

Nouns

Conjunctions

Pronouns

Order of adjectives

How to order adjectives in EnglishIn many languages, adjectives denoting attributes

usually occur in a specific order. Generally, the

adjective order in English is:

1. Quantity or number

2. Quality or opinion

3. Size

4. Age

5. Shape

6. Color

7. Proper adjective (often nationality, other place of origin,

or material)

8. Purpose or qualifier

For example:

1. I love that really big old green antique car that

always parked at the end of the street.

2. My sister adopted a beautiful big white bulldog.

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Adverb

Preposition

When there are two or more adjectives that are from the

same group, the word and is placed between the two

adjectives:

1. The house is green and red.

2. The library has old and new books.

When there are three or more adjectives from the same

adjective group, place a comma between each of the

coordinate adjectives:

1. We live in the big green, white and red house at

the end of the street.

2. My friend lost a red, black and white watch.

A comma is not placed between an adjective and the

noun.

Order of adjectives – examples

Determiner

Quantity

or

number

Quality

or

opinion

Size Age Shape Color Proper

adjective

Purpose

or

qualifier

N

A beautiful old Italian sports c

The three beautiful little gold p

heart-red

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An amazingshaped

and

white

s

More examples:

1. I love that really old big green antique car that

always parked at the end of the street. [quality –

age – size – color – proper adjective]

2. My sister has a big, beautiful, tan and white,

bulldog. [size – quality – color – color]

3. A wonderful old Italian clock. [opinion – age –

origin]

4. A big square blue box. [dimension – shape –

color]

5. A disgusting pink plastic ornament. [opinion –

color – material]

6. Some slim new French trousers. [dimension –

age – origin]

7. A wonderful old Italian clock. [opinion – age –

origin]

8. I bought a pair of black leather shoes. [color –

material]

Order of adjectives exercises

1. Choose the best answer for each sentence.

A. The house is __________________.

large and white

white and large

large white

B. They live in a __________________ house.

large and white

white and large

large white

Answers: A – large and white B – large white

2. Which sentence uses the correct order of adjectives?

A. We took a ride on a blue, old Chinese bus.

B. We took a ride on a Chinese, old, blue bus.C. We took a ride on an old, blue Chinese bus.

Answer: C


A. I’d like three good reasons why you don’t like spinach.

B. I’d like a good three reasons why you don’t like

spinach.

C. I’d like good reasons three why you don’t like spinach.


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Answer: A


A. I like that really big red old antique tractor in the

museum.

B. I like that really big old red antique tractor in the

museum.

C. I like that old, red, really big antique tractor in the

museum.

Answer: B


A. My brother rode a beautiful big black Friesian horse in

the parade.

B. My brother rode a beautiful Friesian big black horse in

the parade.

C. My brother rode a big, black, beautiful Friesian horse in

the parade.

Answer: A

6. For each of the following sentences, choose the correct

order of adjectives to fill in the blank.

A. My grandmother lives in the

________________________ house on the corner

little blue, green and white

little blue and green and white

little, blue, green, and white

B. The store carries an assortment of

_____________________ objects.

interesting new, old and antique

new, old, interesting and antique

interesting, old and new and antique

C. We went for a two-week cruise on a

__________________________ ocean liner.

incredible brand-new, huge Italian

incredible, huge, brand-new ItalianItalian incredible, brand-new, huge

Answers: A – little blue, green and white B –

interesting new, old and antique C – incredible,

huge, brand-new Italian


order of adjectives to fill in the blank.

A. I bought a pair of _________________ boots.


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new, nice, red rain

nice new red rain

red nice new rain

B. My dad was thrilled with his gift of

______________________ bowties for his clown

act.

three squirting new nice big polka-dotted

three polka-dotted nice new squirting

three nice big new polka-dotted squirting

C. Please put the marbles into that

______________________ box.

round little old red

little old round red

little old red round

Answers: A – nice new red rain B – three nice big

new polka-dotted squirting C – little old round red


order of adjectives to fill in the blank:

A. I was surprised to receive a __________________

puppy for my birthday.

little, cute, eight-week-old golden retriever

cute eight-week-old little golden retriever

cute little eight-week-old golden retriever

B. Our work uniform consists of black pants, black

shoes, and a ________________ shirt.

yellow baggy big polo

big baggy yellow polo

baggy yellow big polo

C. I’ve been spending a lot of time in antique shops

looking for the perfect _______________ clock.

little silver Italian cuckoo

little Italian silver cuckoo

silver little Italian cuckoo

Answers: A – cute little eight-week-old golden

retriever B – big baggy yellow polo C – little silver

Italian cuckoo


A. Our grandparents drive a motorhome with black and

white stripes.

B. Our grandparents drive a motorhome with black with

white stripes.

C. Our grandparents drive a motorhome with black, white

stripes.

Answer: A



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A. During my college years, I wore a red, white and black

big hat to sporting events.

B. During my college years, I wore a big red, white and

black hat to sporting events.

C. During my college years, I wore a big red white and

black, hat to sporting events.

Answer: B

english verb tenses_adjective order

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