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ENGLISHPORTFOLIO4PORTFOLIOASSIGNMENTSForfourofthesixvocabularytopicsinthisportfolio,youhavetohandinawritingtaskpertainingtothosefourspecificsubjects.Youcanchoosewhichassignmentyouuseforwhichvocabularyitem.I. FormalWriting• Linkthefirstvocabularylistofyourchoicetoacurrentevent.• Chooseawritingformat:a) ablogb) anewsarticlec) anopinionarticled) aspeech

e) anarticleforapopularmagazinef) anarticlewithaninterviewg) abiographyh) newwikipediapage

• Useatleast20vocabularyitemsfromthefirstvocabularylistofyourchoiceinyourtext.

• Write30linesinVerdana,12,singlelinespacing,regularmargins,nophotographs.II. Reading&summarizing• Findanarticleaboutthesecondvocabularylistofyourchoiceonanewswebsite.The

articlehastobeatleastonepagelong.Addittoyourassignment.• Find10“relatedwords”(wordsthatarekeywordstoretellingthestory).Summarize

thetextinyourownwordsin10lines.• Nowrewritethenewsitemfromtheviewpointofaneyewitnessorvictimorother

anotherinvolvedperson:20lines• Useatleast10itemsfromthevocabularylist.

III. Watching&Reviewing• Findafilmrelatingtothethirdvocabularylistofyourchoice.• Find10“relatedwords”.• Writeareviewwithatleast20vocabularyitemsfromthevocabularylist:20linesIV. Letterwriting• Writealetterof20linesyoucouldwritepertainingtothecontentofthefourth

vocabularylistofyourchoice:• Chooseaformat:a) abusinessletterb) aletterofcomplaint

c) aformalemaild) alettertoanewspapereditor

• Whatisthecontentabout?• Whoisthewriterandwhoistheadressee?• Useatleast20itemsofvocabularyfromthelist

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I. VOCABULARY BUILDING __________________________________________ 1. Vocabulary List: WORK NOUNS a basic requirement a benefit a burn-out a business a career a collegue a consumer a corporation a craft a curriculum vitae a customer a delivery a disability a dismissal a gap year a hand tool a job advert a job interview a letter of application a paid sick leave a pay rise a pay slip a promotion a reference a regular job a resume a sabbatical a salary a salary a strike a supplier a trade union a trainee a training course a vacancy a work experience a workforce a working environment absenteeism

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agriculture an advantage an apprentice an apprenticeship an economy an employee an employee an employer an occupation automation capitalism distribution engineering fair treatment growth industrializaton job satisfaction job security machinery manufacturing mass production maternity leave mechanization needs overheads overtime rates poverty production qualifications resources shortage teamwork textiles the job market trade unemployment unemployment rates unskilled workers wages wealth welfare working hours VERBS to aspire to call in sick

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to collaborate to commute to dismiss to downsize to employ to fire to hire to labour to lay off to negotiate to operate a machine to outsource to promote to quit to recruit to rely to resign to retire to sack to volunteer

ADJECTIVES/ ADVERBS ambituous capable challenging competitive constructive cooperative decisive dedicated eager efficient gifted loyal manual meticulous motivated part-time repetitive rewarding selective self-employed stressful talented temporary

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tough trustworthy well-paid

IDIOMS a a heavy workload a dead-end job a nine-to-five job injustice in the workplace to apply for a job to be/ to go on strike to draw up a contract to earn one’s living to hand in one’s notice to make a complaint to meet deadlines to run a firm to take a day off work to work in shifts

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2. Vocabulary List: ECONOMY NOUNS a boom a capacity a capital a commodity a competition a consumer a crisis a currency a debt a deficit a demand a development a financial crisis a living standard a loan a merger a population density a profit margin a recession a revenu a share a shrinking economy a slump a stakeholder a supply a trade a transition an economist an embargo an enterprise an entrepreneur an incentive an income an income an infrastructure an interest rate an investment consumer spending consumption debt distribution economic growth exploitation

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fair trade globalization goods inflation prosperity savings skilled labour stagnation tax-return taxes the cost of production the stock market transport unemployment

VERBS to bail out to benefit to borrow to cut taxes to decrease to deposit to expand to go bankrupt to increase to invest to lend to outsource to purchase to recruit to speculate to spend to subsidize to subsidize to target to trade to withdraw

ADJECTIVES/ADVERBS abundant affluent affodable efficient

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expensive financial fiscal foreign innovative internal low-cost lucrative marginal mercantile monetary mutual negotiable non-profit private productive public risky scarce stable trustworthy variable volatile

IDIOMS a credit crunch in debt It’s a buyer’s/ seller’s market push- and pull factors value for money Wall Street

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3. Vocabulary List: POLITICS NOUN a ballot box a bill a caucus a citizen a committee a constituency a constitution a convention a decision-making process a delegate a dictatorship a duty a general election a head of government/ of state a legislation a lobbyist a minor a monarchy a policy domestic/ foreign a poll a primary a representative a republic a riot a running-mate a strike a successor a term a treaty a voter an adult an agreement an ambassador an approach an dministration an intervention an overwhelming victory social security taxation the chamber the chancellor the civil service the foreign/ home secretary

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the house of commons the house of lords the majority the opposition the population the senate the whip

VERB to appoint to approve to argue to cause to challenge to concede to defeat to disapprove to elect to govern to impound to indulge to nominate to oppose to pledge to praise to prevent to promise to propose to reform to regulate to reject to resign to support to threaten to veto to vote to withdraw to yield

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ADJECTIVE OR ADVERB ardent charismatic collective conservative decisive democratic disheartened dishonest dissatisfied effective efficient excessive experienced federal impartial infallible informative inspiring loyal offensive opininiated outspoken progressive reluctant

IDIOM a dark horse a lame duck a wild-card to amend a bill to be eligible to deliver a speech to form a coalition to form a government to go on strike/ to be on strike to lower/ to raise taxes to make a law to pass a law to run for president to tackle a problem to take measures to win by a landslide

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4. Vocabulary List: WAR AND PEACE NOUN a battlefield a casualty a cease-fire a chemical weapon a civilian a counterattack a demonstration a guard a guided bomb a hostage situation a messenger a minefield a refugee a shelter a soldier a spy a suicide mission a trade embargo a truce an air raid an alliance an ally an ideology an innocent bystander armed forces artillery damage death toll debris defeat domestic affairs equality ground troops human rights mass destruction oppression surveillance survival tension treason troops victory warfare

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VERB to abandon to aim at/ for to alert to blast to bomb to capture to charge to collapse to escalate to evacuate to execute to expand a territory to imprison to interrogate to intervene to intimidate to invade to launch to negotiate to neutralize to occupy to persecute to protect to recruit to retreat to sabotage to secure to seize to spy on to struggle to surrender to torture

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ADJECTIVE OR ADVERB brutal cautious clandestine deadly defensive devastated fatal fearless ferocious hostile hurt injured lethal menacing rebellious relentless strategical subversive traumatized vulnerable wounded

IDIOM a deliberate attack a preemptive strike a prisoner of war an act of war scarred for life to gain power to go to war to resort to violence to settle a dispute to start a war to take by force to take up arms against to wage war against

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5. Vocabulary List: THE ENVIRONMENT NOUN the ozone layer an emission acid rain climate change the greenhouse effect solar radiation fossil fuel an exhaust a species a catastrophy a calamity a crop reproduction deforestation cattle an impact the sea level waste a substance a fertilizer poison a devastating effect drinking water exhaust fumes a consequence raw material an excess packaging cultivation fuel a threat a habitat a backlash biodiversity a conviction the food chain solar panels/ solar power composting a calamity population density an ozone layer

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VERB to pollute to contribute to reduce to aim to contaminate to expose to erode to intensify to spread to recover to affect to dump to exceed to deteriorate to adapt to absorb to anticipate to boost to detect to eradicate to explore to harvest to maximize/ to minimize to salvage to reduce to thrive

ADJECTIVE OR ADVERB irreversible harmful toxic vast illegal constructive disposable drastic calamitous effective fertile global humid native renewable

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resilient reusable recycled sustainable volatile vulnerable eco-friendly outdoors

IDIOM to avert disaster to become extinct to sustain life to accelerate the process

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6. Vocabulary List: TECHNOLOGY NOUN a calculation a transaction a virus data mobility a mobile phone wireless communication a cloud an interface artificial intelligence facial recognition a database a social networking site privacy a device an application an attachment a disadvantage a function key a hacker junk mail/ spam multi-tasking phishing a search engine an interface e-commerce a break-through upgrading maintenance graphics files shortcuts menu bar scroll bar a trademark outsourcing a tool a user a firewall spyware

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VERB to design to synchronise to release to undo to modify to support to crash to delete to reboot to revolutionize to interact to synchronize to apply to simulateto navigate to process to generate to detect to access to browse to develop to format to affect to revolutionalise to delete

ADJECTIVE OR ADVERB complex large-scale potential secure efficient repetitive innovative random technophobic user-friendly virtual wireless cutting-edge outdated advanced indespensable obsolete

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intuitive viral inexpensive functional

IDIOM to access information to store data in real time a digital native the computer age

7. Related Words ___________________________________________________________

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II. GRAMMAR REVISION ___________________________________________

Grammar

Rule

Example

There = NOT “ER” 24 The Dutch word “er” is untranslata-ble in English. You have to start your sentences with the real sub-ject of the sentence.

Er groeien veel bomen in dat park. Many trees grow in thar park. NOT: There grow many trees in that park.

Then & Than 25 Dan = time (= tijdsaanduidend) Dan = comparison (vergelijkend)

It is then hat we met, in 1996. It is larger than that.

There, Their, They’re 26 There = er Their = hun They’re= they are= ze zijn

There is no milk. It is their house. They’re not ready.

It’s & Its 27 It’s = it is = het is Its = bezittelijk van it

It’s not okay. The child lost its book.

Capital “I” 28 The personal pronoun I is always written with a capital (hoofdletter) in English

I feel great. The way I feel, is great.

Must & Have to 29 Must = for affirmative statements Have to = for negative statements

I simply must see the show. You don’t have to do this.

Whose & Who’s 30 Who’s = who is Whose = of who (=wiens, van wie)

Who’s at the door? Whose book is this?

Like & As 31 Like = a preposition ( voorzetsel) As = a conjunction (voegwoord)

He thinks just like me. The car is as good as new. It’s not as good as before. As you have said, it’s not true.

Beside & Besides 32 Beside = "close to" or "by the side of." Besides = "in addition to."

Come, sit beside me. Besides me, Ann and Tom will be there.

Further & Farther 33 Farther = length or distance. Further = "to a greater degree," "additional," or "additionally."

London is farther north than Ju-neau. This plan requires further study. According to my timetable, we should be further along.

Hanged & Hung 34 Hanged = executed by hanging. Hung = suspended" otherwise.

The murderers were hanged. We hung the towels out on the clothesline to dry.

To raise & To rise 35 To rise = to get up (rose, risen)

The sun rises in the east. The temperature rose to 100 de-grees.

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To raise = to make higher, build (raised, raised)

Mary raised her hand. The government is going to raise taxes.

To lay & To lie 36 Lay means "to place something down." (To lay, laid, laid) Lie means "to recline" or "be placed." (To lie, lay, lain)

Lay that book on the table. Just lie there and stay still!

Older & Elder 37 The comparative of old is older. We use elder when we are talking about members of a family. We use elder only before a noun.

Michael looks older than he re-ally is My elder sister is an actress. My sister is older than me. (not elder than me)

Of & Off 38 Of = van = possession Off = ver van = position & move-ment Off = + phrasal verbs

This is the car of my cousin. The island is far off. Get off my chair. To put off the task. (uitstellen)

To & Too 39 To = before an infinitive To = preposition of movement Too = adverb =“also”, “in addition”

To walk, I want to leave The train to Ghent is leaving. Are you coming to the party, too? I will be too late.

III. SPELLING ___________________________________________

Common Spelling Mistakes

53. Active NOT: actif 54. Grammar NOT: grammer, grammair 55. To lose & loose To lose = verliezen

Loose = los = adjectief 56. Spontaneous, courageous, ma-nageable, noticeable

NOT: spontanious, couragous, managable, noticable

57. Violence, Experience, defence NOT: violens, experiens, defense

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58. Practise, exercise, to realise, surprise

NOT: practice, exersise, realize, surpize

59. Accept & Except To accept = accepteren Except = behalve

60. To attract, a heart-attack NOT: to attrackt, heart-attac 61. Choose, chose, choice

To choose = kiezen Chose = koos (verleden tijd) Choice = keuze = substantief

62. Desert & Dessert A desert = een woestijn A dessert = een nagerecht

63. For & Four For = voor Four = 4

64. Know, now, no To know = weten Now = nu No = nee, niet

65. Weather & Whether Weather = het weer Whether = of

66. Write & Right To write = schrijven Right = juist, correct

67. A lot NOT: alot 68. Address NOT: adress 69. Definitely NOT: definately, definetely 70. Forty & Fourteen Forty : 40

Fourteen = 14 71. Height Width Length

Hoogte Breedte Lengte

72. To heighten To widen/ broaden To lengthen

Verhogen Verbreden verlengen

73. Lightning = bliksem NOT: lightening 74. Necessary NOT: neccessary, necesary

75. Ninth & Ninety Ninth = 5e

Ninety = 90 76. No one or No-one NOT: noone 77. Parallel NOT: parallell 78. Possession, possessive NOT: posession, posessive 79. Separate = verschillend NOT: seperate 80. Speech but Peach, Teach NOT: speach 81. Written & Writing NOT: writen & writting 82. Ache = pijn Heartache, headache, stomach

ache 83. Destroy NOT: distroy 84. Disappointed NOT: dissapointed 85. Luxurious NOT: luxourious

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86. Rhythm NOT: rythm, ridem, … 87. By, bye, buy By = bij

Bye= daaag! To buy = kopen

88. Career NOT: carrier, carreer 89. Pond & Pound A pond = vijver

A pound = een pond, munteen-heid

90. Check & Cheque To check = nakijken A cheque = een cheque

91. Current & Currant Current = huiding Currant = rozijn

92. Dairy & Diary Dairy = zuivel A diary = een agenda

93. I have no money NOT: I ain’t got no money 94. Plain & Plane Plain = gewoon

A plain = een vlakte A plane = een vliegtuig

95. Quite & quiet Quite = erg, heel, zeer Quiet = stil

96. Root & Route Root = wortel Route = weg, route

97. He said NOT: he sayed 98. Vain & Vein Vain = ijdel

A vein = een ader 99. You were / they were NOT: you was, they was 100. Won’t, don’t, didn’t, wouldn’t NOT: wont, dont, didnt, wouldnt 101 British, English, to cherish NOT: Britisch, Englisch, to che-

risch 102. It’s & Its

It’s = It is Its = possessive: Give the child its toy.

103. Says & said He says = hij zegt He said = hij zei NOT: He saids

104. Travelled, killed, peeled, … NOT: travelld, kild, peeld

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IV. PRONUNCIATION ___________________________________________

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Look up the pronunciation of these words. Make a note of the the difficult sounds in these words in the right-hand column: difficult words

phonetic sound

a squirrel a colonel an isthmus a choir a country (land) versus country (muziekstijl) character thoroughly privacy to enhance a variety to whistle throughout an island an appliance to praise to seize a psychologist genuine to bury a drought a bowl a realtor caution to lure clothes a candidate medieval a height a hierarchy mischievous alternate deliberate an almond a cauliflower to estimate war a chore groceries fruit

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draught a queue a chaos a debt a wrinkle a poem to verify to knit abroad a doubt knuckles dumb a mortgage to soften to listen a knife honest a plumber a ghost a tomb a limb subltle a recipe a cloth versus this this versus thomas character versus church myth versus happy